Search results for ""scientific publishing""

Nanotechnology is an emerging and rapidly growing field whose dynamics and prospects pose many great challenges not only to scientists and engineers but also to society at large. This volume includes the state-of-the-art philosophical, ethical, and sociological reflection on nanotechnology, written by leading scholars from the humanities and social sciences in North America and Europe. It unravels the philosophical underpinnings of nanotechnology, its metaphysical and epistemological foundations, and its conceptual complexity. It explores the ethical issues of nanotechnology, its impact on human, environmental, and social conditions, and the options for reasonable risk management. It examines the public discourse on nanotechnology and its related visions and provides both lessons from the past and outlooks for the future.

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This book presents the first comprehensive treatment of discrete phase-space quantum mechanics and the lattice Weyl-Wigner formulation of energy band dynamics, by the originator of these theoretical techniques. The author's quantum superfield theoretical formulation of nonequilibrium quantum physics is given in real time, without the awkward use of artificial time contour employed in previous formulations. These two main quantum theoretical techniques combine to yield general (including quasiparticle-pairing dynamics) and exact quantum transport equations in phase-space, appropriate for nanodevices. The derivation of transport formulas in mesoscopic physics from the general quantum transport equations is also treated. Pioneering nanodevices are discussed in the light of the quantum-transport physics equations, and an in-depth treatment of the physics of resonant tunneling devices is given. Operator Hilbert-space methods and quantum tomography are discussed. Discrete phase-space quantum mechanics on finite fields is treated for completeness and by virtue of its relevance to quantum computing. The phenomenological treatment of evolution superoperator and measurements is given to help clarify the general quantum transport theory. Quantum computing and information theory is covered to demonstrate the foundational aspects of discrete quantum dynamics, particularly in deriving a complete set of multiparticle entangled basis states.

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This book provides a broad description of the financial derivatives business from a practitioner's point of view, with a particular emphasis on fixed income derivatives, a specific development on fixed income derivatives and a practical approach to the field. With particular emphasis on the concrete usage of mathematical models, numerical methods and the pricing methodology, this book is an essential reading for anyone considering a career in derivatives either as a trader, a quant or a structurer.

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This book presents basic elements of the theory of Hilbert spaces and operators on Hilbert spaces, culminating in a proof of the spectral theorem for compact, self-adjoint operators on separable Hilbert spaces. It exhibits a construction of the space of pth power Lebesgue integrable functions by a completion procedure with respect to a suitable norm in a space of continuous functions, including proofs of the basic inequalities of Hölder and Minkowski. The Lp-spaces thereby emerges in direct analogy with a construction of the real numbers from the rational numbers. This allows grasping the main ideas more rapidly. Other important Banach spaces arising from function spaces and sequence spaces are also treated.

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This book exposes the internal structure of non-self-adjoint operators acting on complex separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space, by analyzing and studying the commutant of operators. A unique presentation of the theorem of Cowen-Douglas operators is given. The authors take the strongly irreducible operator as a basic model, and find complete similarity invariants of Cowen-Douglas operators by using K-theory, complex geometry and operator algebra tools.

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This book is meant for postgraduate modules that cover lifetime data in reliability and survival analysis as taught in statistics, engineering statistics and medical statistics courses. It is helpful for researchers who wish to choose appropriate models and methods for analyzing lifetime data. There is an extensive discussion on the concept and role of ageing in choosing appropriate models for lifetime data, with a special emphasis on tests of exponentiality. There are interesting contributions related to the topics of ageing, tests for exponentiality, competing risks and repairable systems. A special feature of this book is that it introduces the public domain R-software and explains how it can be used in computations of methods discussed in the book.

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This book provides organizational and managerial views on adopting emerging technologies for organizational transformation. The variety of issues and technologies covered in this book includes Radio Frequency Identification Technology (RFID); Enterprise Systems and Inter-Organizational Systems (IOS); Knowledge Management (KM); E-Business and E-Government initiatives. Eleven in-depth case studies documenting experiences and lessons learned in organizations and government agencies from the Asia Pacific region such as China, India, Malaysia, and Singapore are presented.

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This book provides recent results on the stochastic approximation of systems by weak convergence techniques. General and particular schemes of proofs for average, diffusion, and Poisson approximations of stochastic systems are presented, allowing one to simplify complex systems and obtain numerically tractable models.The systems discussed in the book include stochastic additive functionals, dynamical systems, stochastic integral functionals, increment processes and impulsive processes. All these systems are switched by Markov and semi-Markov processes whose phase space is considered in asymptotic split and merging schemes. Most of the results from semi-Markov processes are new and presented for the first time in this book.

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During the period 1964-1972, Stephen L Adler wrote seminal papers on high energy neutrino processes, current algebras, soft pion theorems, sum rules, and perturbation theory anomalies that helped lay the foundations for our current standard model of elementary particle physics. These papers are reprinted here together with detailed historical commentaries describing how they evolved, their relation to other work in the field, and their connection to recent literature. Later important work by Dr Adler on a wide range of topics in fundamental theory, phenomenology, and numerical methods, and their related historical background, is also covered in the commentaries and reprints.This book will be a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers in the fields in which Dr Adler has worked, and for historians of science studying physics in the final third of the twentieth century, a period in which an enduring synthesis was achieved.

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This handbook is a timely resource for the rapidly growing field of heavy-ion transport-model theory and its applications to the fields of accelerator development, heavy-ion radiotherapy, and shielding of accelerators and in space.Data from over 20 years of experiments in the production of secondary neutrons and spallation products are contained in the handbook, and are available on the accompanying CD. Transport modelers and experimentalists will find the detailed descriptions of the experiments and subsequent analyses to be a valuable aid in utilizing the data for their particular applications.

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Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) approaches have been used extensively over the past 25 years to analyze government and other policies for both developed and developing countries. Advances in methodology, computation techniques and data availability, including Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) data, have allowed researchers to use CGE models to study the potential policy impacts of tax, trade, environmental issues, etc. at the urban and regional levels as well as the macro level. What is common with these policy topics is that they cause structural, long-term impacts, including price changes and income growth, on various entities (households, enterprises, government and other regions/countries) and industrial sectors of economies. CGE modeling can compute a new equilibrium of each industry's market clearance upon the incorporation of such a policy shock, and evaluates the policy alternative as compared with the benchmark equilibrium in terms of industrial sector-wise and aggregated prices, outputs, GDP and many other indicators.

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In recent decades, the study of signal processing has become increasingly complex, with new techniques and applications constantly being developed for the processing, transformation, and interpretation of signals. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the traditional and modern methods used in signal processing. It is designed to impart to the reader the mathematical techniques used in modelling signals and systems, encompassing standard mathematical tools as well as newer techniques such as wavelets and neural networks. C++ and Java implementations furnish these descriptions. The book offers an excellent balance of theory and application, beginning with a complete framework of discrete-time signal processing.

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The dynamics of a global economy is being reshaped by the economic emergence of two Asian giants, China and India. How the world's two most populous countries manage globalization as they pursue economic reform and liberalization will impact significantly their societies, the rest of Asia, and the world.This book brings together articles by first rate scholars of China and India to share and discuss their research findings in four areas: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses to Globalization; Social Security and Governance; National Security in the age of Globalization; and Ethnicity and Identity in the New World.The book includes an opening address by Singapore's Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew, from his speech on “Managing Globalization: Lessons from China and India”, delivered at the official opening of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy on 4 April 2005.

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As became apparent after the tragic events of September 11, 2001, terrorist groups are increasingly using the Internet as a communication and propaganda tool where they can safely communicate with their affiliates, coordinate action plans, raise funds, and introduce new supporters to their networks. This is evident from the large number of web sites run by different terrorist organizations, though the URLs and geographical locations of these web sites are frequently moved around the globe. The wide use of the Internet by terrorists makes some people think that the risk of a major cyber-attack against the communication infrastructure is low. However, this situation may change abruptly once the terrorists decide that the Net does not serve their purposes anymore and, like any other invention of our civilization, deserves destruction.Fighting Terror in Cyberspace is a unique volume, which provides, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of terrorist threats in cyberspace along with state-of-the-art tools and technologies that can deal with these threats in the present and in the future. The book covers several key topics in cyber warfare such as terrorist use of the Internet, the Cyber Jihad, data mining tools and techniques of terrorist detection on the web, analysis and detection of terror financing, and automated identification of terrorist web sites in multiple languages. The contributors include leading researchers on international terrorism, as well as distinguished experts in information security and cyber intelligence. This book represents a valuable source of information for academic researchers, law enforcement and intelligence experts, and industry consultants who are involved in detection, analysis, and prevention of terrorist activities on the Internet.

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The development of new computational techniques and better computing power has made it possible to attack some classical problems of algebraic geometry. The main goal of this book is to highlight such computational techniques related to algebraic curves. The area of research in algebraic curves is receiving more interest not only from the mathematics community, but also from engineers and computer scientists, because of the importance of algebraic curves in applications including cryptography, coding theory, error-correcting codes, digital imaging, computer vision, and many more.This book covers a wide variety of topics in the area, including elliptic curve cryptography, hyperelliptic curves, representations on some Riemann-Roch spaces of modular curves, computation of Hurwitz spectra, generating systems of finite groups, Galois groups of polynomials, among other topics.

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The dynamics of a global economy is being reshaped by the economic emergence of two Asian giants, China and India. How the world's two most populous countries manage globalization as they pursue economic reform and liberalization will impact significantly their societies, the rest of Asia, and the world.This book brings together articles by first rate scholars of China and India to share and discuss their research findings in four areas: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses to Globalization; Social Security and Governance; National Security in the age of Globalization; and Ethnicity and Identity in the New World.The book includes an opening address by Singapore's Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew, from his speech on “Managing Globalization: Lessons from China and India”, delivered at the official opening of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy on 4 April 2005.

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For some twenty-five years after 1949, China did not exist and the country was only rediscovered in the 1970s. As China looks set to soar in the new millennium, there is an urgency to understand the world's most populous economy with a billion plus people. This book aims to shed light on the country's rapid industrialization and internationalization by looking at questions such as: Can China sustain its accelerated rate of growth? Can labor supply be sustained at a relatively low wage rate? Can inflow of foreign direct investment be sustained at a high rate, given the consequent exposure to inflation? Will China's domestic market absorb its own output as the limit on the ability to export manufactures to overseas markets is reached? Is China's currency undervalued? Given China's foreign exchange reserves, should the country have a freely convertible currency?

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This is the first book on analytic hyperbolic geometry, fully analogous to analytic Euclidean geometry. Analytic hyperbolic geometry regulates relativistic mechanics just as analytic Euclidean geometry regulates classical mechanics. The book presents a novel gyrovector space approach to analytic hyperbolic geometry, fully analogous to the well-known vector space approach to Euclidean geometry. A gyrovector is a hyperbolic vector. Gyrovectors are equivalence classes of directed gyrosegments that add according to the gyroparallelogram law just as vectors are equivalence classes of directed segments that add according to the parallelogram law. In the resulting “gyrolanguage” of the book one attaches the prefix “gyro” to a classical term to mean the analogous term in hyperbolic geometry. The prefix stems from Thomas gyration, which is the mathematical abstraction of the relativistic effect known as Thomas precession. Gyrolanguage turns out to be the language one needs to articulate novel analogies that the classical and the modern in this book share.The scope of analytic hyperbolic geometry that the book presents is cross-disciplinary, involving nonassociative algebra, geometry and physics. As such, it is naturally compatible with the special theory of relativity and, particularly, with the nonassociativity of Einstein velocity addition law. Along with analogies with classical results that the book emphasizes, there are remarkable disanalogies as well. Thus, for instance, unlike Euclidean triangles, the sides of a hyperbolic triangle are uniquely determined by its hyperbolic angles. Elegant formulas for calculating the hyperbolic side-lengths of a hyperbolic triangle in terms of its hyperbolic angles are presented in the book.The book begins with the definition of gyrogroups, which is fully analogous to the definition of groups. Gyrogroups, both gyrocommutative and non-gyrocommutative, abound in group theory. Surprisingly, the seemingly structureless Einstein velocity addition of special relativity turns out to be a gyrocommutative gyrogroup operation. Introducing scalar multiplication, some gyrocommutative gyrogroups of gyrovectors become gyrovector spaces. The latter, in turn, form the setting for analytic hyperbolic geometry just as vector spaces form the setting for analytic Euclidean geometry. By hybrid techniques of differential geometry and gyrovector spaces, it is shown that Einstein (Möbius) gyrovector spaces form the setting for Beltrami-Klein (Poincaré) ball models of hyperbolic geometry. Finally, novel applications of Möbius gyrovector spaces in quantum computation, and of Einstein gyrovector spaces in special relativity, are presented.

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The area of automorphic representations is a natural continuation of studies in the 19th and 20th centuries on number theory and modular forms. A guiding principle is a reciprocity law relating infinite dimensional automorphic representations with finite dimensional Galois representations. Simple relations on the Galois side reflect deep relations on the automorphic side, called “liftings.' This in-depth book concentrates on an initial example of the lifting, from a rank 2 symplectic group PGSp(2) to PGL(4), reflecting the natural embedding of Sp(2,≤) in SL(4, ≤). It develops the technique of comparing twisted and stabilized trace formulae. It gives a detailed classification of the automorphic and admissible representation of the rank two symplectic PGSp(2) by means of a definition of packets and quasi-packets, using character relations and trace formulae identities. It also shows multiplicity one and rigidity theorems for the discrete spectrum.Applications include the study of the decomposition of the cohomology of an associated Shimura variety, thereby linking Galois representations to geometric automorphic representations.To put these results in a general context, the book concludes with a technical introduction to Langlands' program in the area of automorphic representations. It includes a proof of known cases of Artin's conjecture.

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This volume documents the research carried out by visiting scientists attached to the Institute for Mathematical Sciences (IMS) at the National University of Singapore and the Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC) under the program “Advances and Mathematical Issues in Large Scale Simulation.” From 2002 to 2003, researchers from various countries gathered to initiate interesting and innovative work on various themes related to multiscale simulation and fast algorithms.Today, modeling and simulation are used extensively to solve complex problems and to reduce the use of experimentation during the design and analysis stage. It is important to know the various issues that have to be considered in the successful development of computational methodologies for such work.This volume is a compilation of the research by various visiting scientists in the area of modeling and multiscale simulation. Each article covers a major project and documents how computational methodology, mathematical modeling, high performance computing and simulation are combined in a multiscale scheme to solve a variety of complex problems. Some of these include the design, synthesis, processing, characterization and manufacture of nanomaterials and nanostructures, new algorithms for computational work, and grid computing.Through the included examples, readers can realize the vast potential of computational modeling and large scale simulation for the solution of problems in a variety of disciplines and applications.

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Learn Mandarin while you brush your teeth or shave? Read how Singapore's Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew does it!A Prime Minister as an interpreter? Find out when and why MM Lee had to do it.For the first time, this towering figure of the island-state's politics gives a first-hand account of How he has learnt Mandarin over the last 50 years and kept it alive. He also tells When and Why he decided to learn the language, Where he got hold of the learning materials from, Whom he practises his Mandarin with and What spurs him on.MM Lee goes beyond these 5Ws and 1H in Keeping My Mandarin Alive, to share the agony of a mature Chinese language student and how he has overcome the difficulties — he strove to learn Mandarin only at age 32 (from 1955) and Hokkien at age 38 (from 1961).The comprehensive package also details how the English-educated MM Lee has been relating Mandarin to his master language in an effort to grasp the former and unravels how the latest technology has helped him in his quest.Edited by Dr Chua Chee Lay, one of MM Lee's Chinese tutors, Keeping My Mandarin Alive comprises:

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The simplest mathematical model of the Brownian motion of physics is the simple, symmetric random walk. This book collects and compares current results — mostly strong theorems which describe the properties of a random walk. The modern problems of the limit theorems of probability theory are treated in the simple case of coin tossing. Taking advantage of this simplicity, the reader is familiarized with limit theorems (especially strong ones) without the burden of technical tools and difficulties. An easy way of considering the Wiener process is also given, through the study of the random walk.Since the first edition was published in 1990, a number of new results have appeared in the literature. The original edition contained many unsolved problems and conjectures which have since been settled; this second revised and enlarged edition includes those new results. Three new chapters have been added: frequently and rarely visited points, heavy points and long excursions. This new edition presents the most complete study of, and the most elementary way to study, the path properties of the Brownian motion.

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This authoritative book brings together in a single volume international experts renowned in their specializations to discuss issues and current trends relating to maritime security.It looks at the issue of maritime security in the Asia-Pacific through a three step approach. Firstly, it surveys both the global maritime outlook and the outlook in each of the regions of Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia. From these regional perspectives, trends in commercial shipping and force modernization, and issues like the weapons proliferation and maritime terrorism are discussed.After looking at the maritime environment, the specific challenges that the maritime community faces are examined. These challenges include maritime boundary and territorial disputes in the South China Sea, the force modernization of three Northeast Asian navies, and the spectre of maritime terrorism. The volume concludes by looking at some new initiatives for maritime cooperation, a survey of maritime “regime” building, and the legal and political implications of the proliferation security initiative.

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Efforts to uncover the explosion mechanism of core collapse supernovae and to understand all of their associated phenomena have been ongoing for nearly four decades. Despite this, our theoretical understanding of these cosmic events remains limited; two- and three-dimensional modeling of these events is in its infancy. Most of the modeling efforts over the past four decades have, by necessity, been constrained to spherical symmetry, with the first two-dimensional, albeit simplified, models appearing only during the last decade. Simulations to understand the complex interplay between the turbulent stellar core fluid flow, its magnetic fields, the neutrinos produced in and emanating from the proto-neutron star, the stellar core rotation, and the strong gravitational fields have yet to be performed. Only subsets of these fundamental ingredients have been included in the models thus far, often with approximation.The purpose of this volume is to identify the outstanding issues that remain in order to come to a complete understanding of these important astrophysical events. As the book focuses on open issues rather than the current state of the art in the field — although the latter will certainly be discussed — it will remain relevant for some time.

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Honoring the contributions of one of the field's leading experts, Lu Ting, this indispensable volume contains important new results at the cutting edge of research. A wide variety of significant new analytical and numerical results in critical areas are presented, including point vortex dynamics, superconductor vortices, cavity flows, vortex breakdown, shock/vortex interaction, wake flows, magneto-hydrodynamics, rotary wake flows, and hypersonic vortex phenomena.The book will be invaluable for those interested in the state of the art of vortex dominated flows, both from a theoretical and applied perspective.Professor Lu Ting and Joe Keller have worked together for over 40 years. In their first joint work entitled “Periodic vibrations of systems governed by nonlinear partial differential equations”, perturbation analysis and bifurcation theory were used to determine the frequencies and modes of vibration of various physical systems. The novelty was the application to partial differential equations of methods which, previously, had been used almost exclusively on ordinary differential equations. Professsor Lu Ting is an expert in both fluid dynamics and the use of matched asymptotic expansions. His physical insight into fluid flows has led the way to finding the appropriate mathematical simplications used in the solutions to many difficult flow problems.

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This book is a unique and comprehensive collection of pioneering contributions to the mechanics of crystals by J L Ericksen, a prominent and leading contributor to the study of the mechanics and mathematics of crystalline solids over the past 35 years.It presents a splendid corpus of research papers that cover areas on crystal symmetry, constitutive equations, defects and phase transitions — all topics of current importance to a broad group of workers in the field.The volume thus provides in one place material that is frequently referenced by numerous researchers on crystals across a spectrum of activities in areas of continuum mechanics, applied mathematics, engineering and materials science.Each group of papers or chapters in the book is preceded by a summary introduction that describes how the papers on that topic fit together, and in which Ericksen sketches the context of each paper and shares with the reader his thinking and insightfulness in writing it. The volume, edited by internationally renowned scholars whose works in finite elasticity and continuum mechanics have appeared in a variety of books and prestigious journals published over the past four decades, also includes a very interesting brief autobiography by Ericksen. In it he describes his early life in Oregon, his wartime experiences, his student days and postgraduate study, his introduction to scientific work, and what motivated him in his research. An English translation and revision of the first paper in this volume, originally published in Russian, appears here for the first time.

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Cosmic evolution leads from symmetry to complexity by symmetry breaking and phase transitions. The emergence of new order and structure in nature and society is explained by physical, chemical, biological, social and economic self-organization, according to the laws of nonlinear dynamics. All these dynamical systems are considered computational systems processing information and entropy. Are symmetry and complexity only useful models of science or are they universals of reality? Symmetry and Complexity discusses the fascinating insights gained from natural, social and computer sciences, philosophy and the arts. With many diagrams and pictures, this book illustrates the spirit and beauty of nonlinear science. In the complex world of globalization, it strongly argues for unity in diversity.

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This book introduces an approach to protein folding from the point of view of kinetic theory. There is an abundance of data on protein folding, but few proposals are available on the mechanism driving the process. Here, presented for the first time, are suggestions on possible research directions, as developed by the author in collaboration with C C Lin.The first half of this invaluable book contains a concise but relatively complete review of relevant topics in statistical mechanics and kinetic theory. It includes standard topics such as thermodynamics, the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and ensemble theory. Special discussions include the dynamics of phase transitions, and Brownian motion as an illustration of stochastic processes.The second half develops topics in molecular biology and protein structure, with a view to discovering mechanisms underlying protein folding. Attention is focused on the energy flow through the protein in its folded state. A mathematical model, based on the Brownian motion of coupled harmonic oscillators, is worked out in the appendix.

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Many approaches in the field of nonmonotonic and “commonsense” reasoning are actually different representations of the same basic ideas and constructions. This book gives a logical formalization of the original, explanatory approach to nonmonotonic reasoning. It uses the basic formalism of biconsequence relations, as well as derived systems of default, autoepistemic and causal inference, to cover in a single framework such diverse systems as default logic, autoepistemic and modal nonmonotonic logics, input/output and causal logics, argumentation theory, and semantics of general logic programs with negation as failure. This approach provides a clear separation between logical (monotonic) and nonmonotonic aspects of nonmonotonic reasoning. The separation allows, in particular, to single out the logics underlying modern logic programming and restore thereby the connection between logic programming and logic.

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This book focuses on a prototype of creative causal processes termed BIOS and how the concept can be applied to the physical world, in medicine and in social science. This book presents methods for identifying creative features in empirical data; studies showing biotic patterns in physical, biological, and economic processes; mathematical models of bipolar (positive and negative) feedback that generate biotic patterns. These studies support the hypothesis that natural processes are creative (not determined) and causal (not random) and that bipolar feedback plays a major role in their evolution. Simple processes precede, coexist, constitute and surround the complex systems they generate (priority of the simple). In turn, complex processes feedback and transform simpler ones (supremacy of the complex).

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This comprehensive volume surveys the molecular, cellular, hormonal, nutritional, medical and lifestyle strategies being tested and applied for the prevention, intervention and treatment of age-related diseases. With authoritative contributions not just from researchers in academic institutions and pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries, but also practicing clinicians of both mainstream and alternative medicine, demographers and bioethicists, this book provides unique scientific, ethical and social perspectives on the discussion of aging intervention. In addition, the latest technologies in development, which will have serious bearings on future aging interventions, are reviewed.Aging Interventions and Therapies is ideal for graduates and undergraduates in universities and medical and nursing colleges, as well as post-graduates researching different aspects of aging and anti-aging. The topics covered are also highly relevant for professionals in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, nutrition and healthcare industries, and practicing clinicians looking for a reliable and up-to-date resource on aging intervention and therapy.

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Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in men and its progression is highly dependent on androgens and androgen receptors. However, even with treatment, eventually most prostate cancers progress. Studies of the mechanisms behind this progression leads to advances in treatments for androgen-related diseases. Our book discusses recent prostate cancer research, which includes the following topics: immunotherapy and chemotherapy; radiation, gene, hormonal, and androgen ablation therapies; basic mechanisms behind prostate cancer growth; how mechanisms can be used to treat prostate cancer; and research in newly developed mouse model systems.This book should be of interest as both a study guide and research reference to students, basic scientists, and clinicians.

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In this collection of essays, biographies and Nobel lectures, ten Nobel Laureates from five continents give various and startling perspectives on current questions about modernity and tradition, unity and diversity, integration, identity, integrity, gender and sexual roles in a multicultural world of change. It is also a book on self-confidence and presents different ways to self-knowledge and cultural individuality. Published in print for the first time, these studies and penetrating observations on topical issues, written by leading authors and intellectuals from many distant countries, make up one of the most intriguing and engaging avowals of our time.The Nobel Laureates are:Sir V S Naipaul (United Kingdom, born in Trinidad)Nadine Gordimer (South Africa)Derek Walcott (St Lucia)Naguib Mahfouz (Egypt)Patrick White (Australia)Ernest Hemingway (USA)Grazia Deledda (Sardinia, Italy)Amartya Sen (United Kingdom and the USA, born in India)Rabindranath Tagore (India)Nelson Mandela (South Africa)

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The principal aim of this book is to introduce university level mathematics — both algebra and calculus. The text is suitable for first and second year students. It treats the material in depth, and thus can also be of interest to beginning graduate students.New concepts are motivated before being introduced through rigorous definitions. All theorems are proved and great care is taken over the logical structure of the material presented. To facilitate understanding, a large number of diagrams are included. Most of the material is presented in the traditional way, but an innovative approach is taken with emphasis on the use of Maple and in presenting a modern theory of integration. To help readers with their own use of this software, a list of Maple commands employed in the book is provided. The book advocates the use of computers in mathematics in general, and in pure mathematics in particular. It makes the point that results need not be correct just because they come from the computer. A careful and critical approach to using computer algebra systems persists throughout the text.

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This book contains Volume 6 of the Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications (JGAA). JGAA is a peer-reviewed scientific journal devoted to the publication of high-quality research papers on the analysis, design, implementation, and applications of graph algorithms. Areas of interest include computational biology, computational geometry, computer graphics, computer-aided design, computer and interconnection networks, constraint systems, databases, graph drawing, graph embedding and layout, knowledge representation, multimedia, software engineering, telecommunications networks, user interfaces and visualization, and VLSI circuit design.Graph Algorithms and Applications 3 presents contributions from prominent authors and includes selected papers from the Symposium on Graph Drawing (1999 and 2000). All papers in the book have extensive diagrams and offer a unique treatment of graph algorithms focusing on the important applications.

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This book presents a systematic description and case studies of chemical engineering modelling and simulation based on the MATLAB/FEMLAB tools, in support of selected topics in undergraduate and postgraduate programmes that require numerical solution of complex balance equations (ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, nonlinear equations, integro-differential equations). These systems arise naturally in analysis of transport phenomena, process systems, chemical reactions and chemical thermodynamics, and particle rate processes. Templates are given for modelling both state-of-the-art research topics (e.g. microfluidic networks, film drying, multiphase flow, population balance equations) and case studies of commonplace design calculations - mixed phase reactor design, heat transfer, flowsheet analysis of unit operations, flash distillations, etc. The great strength of this book is that it makes modelling and simulating in the MATLAB/FEMLAB environment approachable to both the novice and the expert modeller.

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This textbook is a self-contained introduction to partial differential equations.It has been designed for undergraduates and first year graduate students majoring in mathematics, physics, engineering, or science.The text provides an introduction to the basic equations of mathematical physics and the properties of their solutions, based on classical calculus and ordinary differential equations. Advanced concepts such as weak solutions and discontinuous solutions of nonlinear conservation laws are also considered.

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Originally invented for generating the first artificial nuclear reactions, particle accelerators have undergone, during the past 80 years, a fascinating development that is an impressive example of the inventiveness and perseverance of scientists and engineers. Since the early 1980s, accelerator science and technology has been booming. Today, accelerators are the prime tool for high energy physics to probe the structure of matter to an unknown depth. They are also, as synchrotron radiation sources, the most versatile tool for characterizing materials and processes and for producing micro- and nanostructured devices. The determination of the structure of large biomolecules is presently among the best examples of the application of synchrotron radiation. Finally, accelerators have grown more and more important for medicine, which is relying on them for advanced cancer therapy and radio-surgery. And there are more applications, including the generation of neutrons for materials science, the transmutation of nuclear waste with simultaneous production of electrical power, the sterilization of medical supplies and of foodstuff, and the inspection of trucks by customs or security services.This book is meant to provide basic training in modern accelerators for students, teachers, and interested scientists and engineers working in other fields. It is a result of the 3rd International Accelerator School, held in 2002 in Singapore under the auspices of the Overseas Chinese Physics Association (OCPA). Reputable experts, including a recent prize-winner, cover the field of cyclic and linear accelerators from the basic theoretical tools to forefront developments such as the X-ray free electron laser or the latest proton therapy facilities under construction.Accelerators, the art of building them, and the science for understanding their function have become a very exciting field of research. This book conveys the excitement of the experts to the reader.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings® (ISTP® / ISI Proceedings)• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)• CC Proceedings — Engineering & Physical Sciences

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This book has been designed for senior engineering, mathematics and systems science students. In addition, the author has used the optional, advanced sections as the basis for graduate courses in quality control and queueing. It is assumed that the students have taken a first course in probability but that some need a review. Discrete models are emphasized and examples have been chosen from the areas of quality control and telecommunications. The book provides correct, modern mathematical methods and at the same time conveys the excitement of real applications.

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This book details the findings of a large-scale survey on the values and lifestyles of 1500 Singapore residents in 2001. Semi-structured interviews with elderly and young adult Singaporeans were also conducted. This comprehensive study provides insights into Singaporeans' value orientations, personal values, aspirations, satisfaction with life and living in Singapore, media habits, leisure activities, Internet usage, how Singaporeans are similar to or differ from one another, etc.

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2nd Edition of Quantitative Finance and Risk Management: A Physicist's ApproachWritten by a physicist with over 15 years of experience as a quant on Wall Street, this book treats a wide variety of topics. Presenting the theory and practice of quantitative finance and risk, it delves into the “how to” and “what it's like” aspects not covered in textbooks or research papers. Both standard and new results are presented. A “Technical Index” indicates the mathematical level — from zero to PhD — for each chapter. The finance in each chapter is self-contained. Real-life comments on “life as a quant” are included.An errata and Additions (3rd Reprint, 2008) to the book is available.

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This invaluable book comprises assorted recent papers of Professor C N R Rao, a well-known chemist. It presents current trends in materials chemistry and physics, offering in-depth information to young researchers and pleasant reading to experts. Advances in Chemistry brings out the single-minded dedication of Professor Rao to the promotion of science.

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Although students of analysis are familiar with real and complex numbers, few treatments of analysis deal with the development of such numbers in any depth. An understanding of number systems at a fundamental level is necessary for a deeper grasp of analysis. Beginning with elementary concepts from logic and set theory, this book develops in turn the natural numbers, the integers and the rational, real and complex numbers. The development is motivated by the need to solve polynomial equations, and the book concludes by proving that such equations have solutions in the complex number system.

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We are swamped with information and each day seems to bring new discoveries that must be considered. Never before in the history of science have so many scientists been as active as today. It has become a major problem for the expert just to keep up with the literature in his or her own field of research. Why, then, should experts and their poor students worry about the pioneers of microbiology, those half-forgotten scientists who a century ago devoted their lives to a new science that was on its way to revolutionizing medicine?With so many new facts and problems screaming for our attention, it is easy to lose sight of the long road that we have travelled in order to get to the point where we are now. Tracing the path of those who have gone before us will help us to see our own scientific goals and efforts in a more revealing perspective.The great figures who are at the center of interest in this book — Robert Koch, Emil von Behring, Paul Ehrlich and Elie Metchnikoff — were far from uncontroversial during their lifetimes. It is interesting to see how they were judged by their peers at the Karolinska Institutet when they were considered for the Nobel Prize.Pioneers of Microbiology and the Nobel Prize has been written in such a way that it can be enjoyed even without an extensive knowledge of microbiology and medicine. In fact, a considerable part of the book portrays the state of medicine during the middle of the 19th century, when bacteriology can be said to have made its debut on the medical scene.

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The material in this edition of A Textbook of Clinical Ophthalmology has been thoroughly revised and expanded to include the latest research and practice. Containing 357 illustrations throughout the text, the book is not only a reasoned practical guide to the study of ophthalmology, but it embraces the ocular aspects of general diseases world-wide and basic methods of investigation and treatment where applicable.This book has references by page and illustration number, resulting from collaboration with the authors of Colour Atlas of Ophthalmology; the two books contain all together an outstanding 579 illustrations (343 in colour), including 16 stereo plates. Another companion book is The Ophthalmology Examinations Review, which aims at the most effective presentation of knowledge for examination purposes. Together these three compact and inexpensive books provide an excellent study basis for ophthalmologists in training, while supplementing their learning of clinical work and surgical technique with the essential study of recent research papers and review monographs.

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A random field is a mathematical model of evolutional fluctuating complex systems parametrized by a multi-dimensional manifold like a curve or a surface. As the parameter varies, the random field carries much information and hence it has complex stochastic structure.The authors of this book use an approach that is characteristic: namely, they first construct innovation, which is the most elemental stochastic process with a basic and simple way of dependence, and then express the given field as a function of the innovation. They therefore establish an infinite-dimensional stochastic calculus, in particular a stochastic variational calculus. The analysis of functions of the innovation is essentially infinite-dimensional. The authors use not only the theory of functional analysis, but also their new tools for the study.

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This invaluable book contains pedagogical articles on the dominant nonstochastic methods of microscopic many-body theories — the methods of density functional theory, coupled cluster theory, and correlated basis functions — in their widest sense. Other articles introduce students to applications of these methods in front-line research, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, the nuclear many-body problem, and the dynamics of quantum liquids. These keynote articles are supplemented by experimental reviews on intimately connected topics that are of current relevance. The book addresses the striking lack of pedagogical reference literature in the field that allows researchers to acquire the requisite physical insight and technical skills. It should, therefore, provide useful reference material for a broad range of theoretical physicists in condensed-matter and nuclear theory.

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Owing to the advent of computers, experiments are becoming an increasingly important part of mathematics. This book provides guidance to students doing experiments in mathematics. The aim is to stimulate interest in mathematics through examples and experiments.Each experiment in the book starts with an interesting problem. The students are expected to work with these problems on computers, try to find the solutions themselves, and experience the scientific exploration in the process.The problems which the authors have chosen cover a wide spectrum in mathematics, ranging from calculus, number theory, coding and probability to geometry and chaos. They are introduced in a simple way and yet show great depth. The discussions are thorough but not lengthy.This book is useful not only to mathematics students, but also to students in all areas of sciences who are interested in learning some of the mathematical tools. It provides a hands-on approach to the most fundamental issues in mathematics — an approach which may help to revolutionize the teaching of mathematics.

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