Search results for ""birkhauser verlag ag""

This volume contains the work of the great Swiss mathematician on differential geometry, a field marked by some of his greatest achievements. Between 1690 and 1700, Jacob Bernoulli published twelve treatises in the scientific journal Acta Eruditorum on the use of infinitesimal methods to answer geometrical questions. Preparatory notes for most of these papers and on many other themes are found in Bernoulli's scientific diary Meditationes, from which twentynine texts are published here for the first time. Among the curves considered are the isochrones (lines of constant descent), the parabolic spiral, the loxodrome, the cycloid, the tractrix, and the logarithmic spiral (Bernoulli's spira mirabilis, which also adorns his tombstone). The description of these curves by differential equations and by geometrical constructions, their rectification and quadrature, and the determination of their evolutes and caustics offered Bernoulli and his colleagues a range of challenging problems, many of them relevant for mechanical or optical applications. The French mathematician André Weil, who lived in the United States until his recent death, has greatly influenced 20th century mathematics, among other things, as a founding member of the Bourbaki group. For many years he has pursued intensive studies of the history of mathematics, especially number theory and algebraic geometry. Weil's introduction to this volume places Jacob Bernoulli's contribution to differential geometry in a line of development from Descartes, Huygens and Barrow through Newton's und Leibniz's epochal innovations right up to the codification of the subject by Euler. Martin Mattmüller, secretary of the Bernoulli Edition at Basel, edited the source text. His commentaries consider particular topics in differential geometry with reference to their historical context at the end of the 17th century.

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Das Fotopraktikum vermittelt systematisch das gesamte Spektrum der heutigen angewandten Fotografie. Es wurde für Leser geschrieben, die es exakt, gründlich und ohne Umschweife wissen wollen. Für Studenten der Hoch-, Fachhoch-, Abend- und Volkshochschulen, für den Nachwuchs der Fotobranche sowie für die, denen die Fotografie im Beruf unentbehrlich ist. Und natürlich auch für ambitionierte Amateure.

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The works from Daniel Bernoulli's youth contained in this first volume of his Collected Works bear witness above all of his versatility; they deal with subjects as different as physiology, formal logic, mathematical analysis, hydrodynamics and positional astronomy. Daniel Bernoulli's contacts with Italian scientists gave rise to several controversies. The present volume documents both sides in each of these debates, which culminated with the publication of Bernoulli's first book Exercitationes mathe- maticae in 1724. The discussions with the renowned mathematician Jacopo Riccati on second-order differential equations and on the Newtonian theory of the out-flow of fluids from vessels deserve particular interest. A third group of texts goes back to the time Bernoulli spent at the newly- founded Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, where he had been appointed in 1725. There he worked out two more contributions to physiological research - on muscle movement and on the blind spot in the human eye - as well as his only paper in positional astronomy. This last work - suggested by a prize question of the Paris Académie des Sciences - became the occasion for a vehement conflict; the present volume documents these "Zänkereien" (squabbles) and also reproduces three competing treatises. To complete the documentation of Daniel Bernoulli's work on physiology, the volume also includes his academic ceremonial speech De Vita of 1737, where he sketches for the first time the circulation of the work done by the human heart, and its elaboration by Bernoulli's student Daniel Passavant.

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This volume, together with Volumes 22 and 23 of the same series, contains Euler's contributions to the theory of the movement of the sun and especially of the moon. Time and again Euler worked on the program of applying Newton's principles of mechanics to improve our unterstanding of the movement of the celestial bodies. Euler's monumental "Theoria motuum Lunae nova methodo pertractata" of 1772 (his "Second Theory of the Moon") forms Volume 22, whereas Volume 23 mainly contains his early Astronomical Tables and his "First Theory of the Moon" of 1753. In the present volume the reader will find early papers by Euler pertaining to the preparation of his Astronomical Tables, a series of articles written between his two Theories of the Moon, and finally three substantial essays closely related to his "Second Theory of the Moon". The texts are reprinted in the original language most commonly French or Latin.

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This book introduces the reader to the wonders of Mars, covering all aspects from our past perceptions of the planet through to the latest knowledge on its history, its surface processes such as impact cratering, volcano formation, and glaciation, and its atmosphere and climate. In addition, a series of ten intriguing open issues are considered in a more advanced way. These include such thought-provoking questions as What turned off the planet’s magnetic field?, Why are the northern and southern hemispheres so different?, What was the fate of the once abundant water?, and Is there, or was there, life on Mars? Numerous original figures, unavailable elsewhere, reproduce details of images from Viking, CTX, MOC, HiRISE, THEMIS, and HRSC. The book will appeal especially to general readers interested in planetary sciences, astronomy, astrogeology, and space exploration and to students of Earth Sciences and Natural and Environmental Sciences. The higher-level material on the remaining mysteries of Mars will also be of interest to astrogeologists and other researchers.

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This book provides a comprehensive analysis of asset price movement. It examines different aspects of stock return predictability, the interaction between stock return and dividend growth predictability, the relationship between stocks and bonds, and the resulting implications for asset price movement. By contributing to our understanding of the factors that cause price movement, this book will be of benefit to researchers, practitioners and policy makers alike.

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This text is a self-contained introduction to the three main families that we encounter in analysis – metric spaces, normed spaces, and inner product spaces – and to the operators that transform objects in one into objects in another. With an emphasis on the fundamental properties defining the spaces, this book guides readers to a deeper understanding of analysis and an appreciation of the field as the “science of functions.”Many important topics that are rarely presented in an accessible way to undergraduate students are included, such as unconditional convergence of series, Schauder bases for Banach spaces, the dual of ℓp topological isomorphisms, the Spectral Theorem, the Baire Category Theorem, and the Uniform Boundedness Principle. The text is constructed in such a way that instructors have the option whether to include more advanced topics.Written in an appealing and accessible style, Metrics, Norms, Inner Products, and Operator Theory is suitable for independent study or as the basis for an undergraduate-level course. Instructors have several options for building a course around the text depending on the level and interests of their students.Key features: Aimed at students who have a basic knowledge of undergraduate real analysis. All of the required background material is reviewed in the first chapter. Suitable for undergraduate-level courses; no familiarity with measure theory is required. Extensive exercises complement the text and provide opportunities for learning by doing. A separate solutions manual is available for instructors via the Birkhäuser website (www.springer.com/978-3-319-65321-1). Unique text providing an undergraduate-level introduction to metrics, norms, inner products, and their associated operator theory.

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Now in its second edition, this textbook serves as an introduction to probability and statistics for non-mathematics majors who do not need the exhaustive detail and mathematical depth provided in more comprehensive treatments of the subject. The presentation covers the mathematical laws of random phenomena, including discrete and continuous random variables, expectation and variance, and common probability distributions such as the binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. More classical examples such as Montmort's problem, the ballot problem, and Bertrand’s paradox are now included, along with applications such as the Maxwell-Boltzmann and Bose-Einstein distributions in physics.Key features in new edition:* 35 new exercises* Expanded section on the algebra of sets * Expanded chapters on probabilities to include more classical examples* New section on regression* Online instructors' manual containing solutions to all exercises<Advanced undergraduate and graduate students in computer science, engineering, and other natural and social sciences with only a basic background in calculus will benefit from this introductory text balancing theory with applications.Review of the first edition: This textbook is a classical and well-written introduction to probability theory and statistics. … the book is written ‘for an audience such as computer science students, whose mathematical background is not very strong and who do not need the detail and mathematical depth of similar books written for mathematics or statistics majors.’ … Each new concept is clearly explained and is followed by many detailed examples. … numerous examples of calculations are given and proofs are well-detailed." (Sophie Lemaire, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2008 m)

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This textbook provides a coherent introduction to the main concepts and methods of one-parameter statistical inference. Intended for students of Mathematics taking their first course in Statistics, the focus is on Statistics for Mathematicians rather than on Mathematical Statistics. The goal is not to focus on the mathematical/theoretical aspects of the subject, but rather to provide an introduction to the subject tailored to the mindset and tastes of Mathematics students, who are sometimes turned off by the informal nature of Statistics courses. This book can be used as the basis for an elementary semester-long first course on Statistics with a firm sense of direction that does not sacrifice rigor. The deeper goal of the text is to attract the attention of promising Mathematics students.

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This publication documents a series of ambitious, large-scale projects produced by Christian Moeller within the public sphere between 2004 and 2023. During these years, the artist's practice underwent a considerable shift in focus. Renouncing his former self-designation as media architect, Moeller began to downplay the role of information technology within his work to instead emphasize its pictorial and sculptural qualities. The works in this volume are based on a keen observation of social processes, often with a view to their playful disruption. At once fitting into and standing out fromtheir surroundings, they present the public with a welcome reprieve from the routines of workaday life. Open Encounters offers an exhaustive, lavishly illustrated overview of a highly productive period in Moeller's practice. The book features a career-spanning essay and running commentary on individual works by Jan Tumlir as well as texts by Harriet F. Senie, Cath Brunner, Tim Griffin and Christian Mo

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Authors: Hugo Bachmann, Walter J. Ammann, Florian Deischl, Josef Eisenmann, Ingomar Floegl, Gerhard H. Hirsch, Gunter K. Klein, Goran J. Lande, Oskar Mahrenholtz, Hans G. Natke, Hans Nussbaumer, Anthony J. Pretlove, Johann H. Rainer, Ernst-Ulrich Saemann, Lorenz Steinbeisser. Large structures such as factories, gymnasia, concert halls, bridges, towers, masts and chimneys can be detrimentally affected by vibrations. These vibrations can cause either serviceability problems, severely hampering the user's comfort, or safety problems. The aim of this book is to provide structural and civil engineers working in construction and environmental engineering with practical guidelines for counteracting vibration problems. Dynamic actions are considered from the following sources of vibration: - human body motions, - rotating, oscillating and impacting machines, - wind flow, - road traffic, railway traffic and construction work. The main section of the book presents tools that aid in decision-making and in deriving simple solutions to cases of frequently occurring "normal" vibration problems. Complexer problems and more advanced solutions are also considered. In all cases these guidelines should enable the engineer to decide on appropriate solutions expeditiously. The appendices of the book contain fundamentals essential to the main chapters.

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After the book "Basic Operator Theory" by Gohberg-Goldberg was pub­ lished, we, that is the present authors, intended to continue with another book which would show the readers the large variety of classes of operators and the important role they play in applications. The book was planned to be of modest size, but due to the profusion of results in this area of analysis, the number of topics grew larger than ex­ pected. Consequently, we decided to divide the material into two volumes - the first volume being presented now. During the past years, courses and seminars were given at our respective in­ stitutions based on parts of the texts. These were well received by the audience and enabled us to make appropriate choices for the topics and presentation for the two vol­ umes. We would like to thank G.J. Groenewald, A.B. Kuijper and A.C.M. Ran of the Vrije Universiteit at Amsterdam, who provided us with lists of remarks and corrections. We are now aware that the Basic Operator Theory book should be revised so that it may suitably fit in with our present volumes. This revision is planned to be the last step of an induction and not the first.

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When Leonhard Euler first arrived at the Russian Academy of Sciences, at the age of 20, his career was supported and promoted by the Academy’s secretary, the Prussian jurist and amateur mathematician Christian Goldbach (1690-1764). Their encounter would grow into a lifelong friendship, as evinced by nearly 200 letters sent over 35 years.This exchange – Euler’s most substantial long-term correspondence – has now been edited for the first time with an English translation, ample commentary and documentary indices. These present an overview of 18th-century number theory, its sources and repercussions, many details of the protagonists’ biographies, and a wealth of insights into academic life in St. Petersburg and Berlin between 1725 and 1765.Part I includes an introduction and the original texts of the Euler-Goldbach letters, while Part II presents the English translations and documentary indices.

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When Leonhard Euler first arrived at the Russian Academy of Sciences, at the age of 20, his career was supported and promoted by the Academy’s secretary, the Prussian jurist and amateur mathematician Christian Goldbach (1690-1764). Their encounter would grow into a lifelong friendship, as evinced by nearly 200 letters sent over 35 years.This exchange – Euler’s most substantial long-term correspondence – has now been edited for the first time with an English translation, ample commentary and documentary indices. These present an overview of 18th-century number theory, its sources and repercussions, many details of the protagonists’ biographies, and a wealth of insights into academic life in St. Petersburg and Berlin between 1725 and 1765.Part I includes an introduction and the original texts of the Euler-Goldbach letters, while Part II presents the English translations and documentary indices.

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This monograph provides an exhaustive treatment of several classes of Noetherian rings and morphisms of Noetherian local rings. Chapters carefully examine some of the most important topics in the area, including Nagata, F-finite and excellent rings, Bertini’s Theorem, and Cohen factorizations. Of particular interest is the presentation of Popescu’s Theorem on Neron Desingularization and the structure of regular morphisms, with a complete proof. Classes of Good Noetherian Rings will be an invaluable resource for researchers in commutative algebra, algebraic and arithmetic geometry, and number theory.

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This volume provides an in-depth overview of the current state of psoriasis and its management. It reviews the clinical manifestations of psoriasis as well as psoriatic arthritis and emphasizes the evolving paradigm of therapy. Coverage includes topical and ultraviolet therapies as well as traditional systemic therapy. In addition, a major focus of the volume is on biologic therapies. New agents in development are also reviewed.

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The common cold is unlike any other human disease because of two f- tors: firstly, it is arguably the most common human disease and, secondly, it is one of the most complex diseases because of the number of viruses that cause the familiar syndrome of sneezing, sore throat, runny nose and nasal congestion. These two factors have made a ‘cure’ for the common cold one of the most difficult scientific and clinical endeavours (a topic often d- cussed in the popular media, where comparisons are made with the ease of putting a man on the moon). The present book brings together a wide range of experts from epidemiologists to virologists and pharmacologists to look at recent advances in our knowledge of the common cold. In some respects the book is unique, as it focuses on the common cold, a syndrome so familiar to the layperson but one that receives little attention from the scientist and clinician. The common cold can be viewed from many different aspects as illustrated in Figure 1. The core knowledge for understanding the common cold must first come from virology and this is discussed in several chapters of the book. There have been major advances in this field because of the use of new methods of detecting viruses such as polymerase chain reaction techniques that have greatly aided our understanding of the epidemiology of viruses associated with common cold.

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This book is dedicated to study the inverse problem of ordinary differential equations, that is it focuses in finding all ordinary differential equations that satisfy a given set of properties. The Nambu bracket is the central tool in developing this approach. The authors start characterizing the ordinary differential equations in R^N which have a given set of partial integrals or first integrals. The results obtained are applied first to planar polynomial differential systems with a given set of such integrals, second to solve the 16th Hilbert problem restricted to generic algebraic limit cycles, third for solving the inverse problem for constrained Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanical systems, fourth for studying the integrability of a constrained rigid body. Finally the authors conclude with an analysis on nonholonomic mechanics, a generalization of the Hamiltonian principle, and the statement an solution of the inverse problem in vakonomic mechanics.

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This is an exercises book at the beginning graduate level, whose aim is to illustrate some of the connections between functional analysis and the theory of functions of one variable. A key role is played by the notions of positive definite kernel and of reproducing kernel Hilbert space. A number of facts from functional analysis and topological vector spaces are surveyed. Then, various Hilbert spaces of analytic functions are studied.

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This textbook focuses on the study of different kinds of elementary functions ubiquitous both in high school Algebra and Calculus. To analyze the functions ranging from polynomial to trigonometric ones, it uses rudimentary techniques available to high school students, and at the same time follows the mathematical rigor appropriate for university level courses.Contrary to other books of Pre-Calculus, this textbook emphasizes the study of elementary functions with rigor appropriate for university level courses in mathematics, although the exposition is confined to the pre-limit topics and techniques. This makes the book useful, on the one hand, as an introduction to mathematical reasoning and methods of proofs in mathematical analysis, and on the other hand, as a preparatory course on the properties of different kinds of elementary functions.The textbook is aimed at university freshmen and high-school students interested in learning strict mathematical reasoning and in preparing a solid base for subsequent study of elementary functions at advanced level of Calculus and Analysis. The required prerequisites correspond to the level of the high school Algebra. All the preliminary concepts and results related to the elementary functions are covered in the initial part of the text. This makes the textbook suitable for both classroom use and self-study.

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​This book presents a compact personal biography and a collection of works by Gabriele F. Giuliani - a distinguished condensed matter theorist who made important contributions to our understanding of collective effects in electronic materials. In 2012 he passed away after a long battle with cancer. In addition, the book features scientific contributions from some of Prof. Giuliani's former students and collaborators and a number of personal recollections by friends and colleagues which shed light on the complex, multifaceted personality of a physicist who was also a passionate soccer player and formula Ford pilot.

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Since 2001 the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa has organized the "Colloquio De Giorgi", a series of colloquium talks named after Ennio De Giorgi. The Colloquio is addressed to a general mathematical audience, and especially meant to attract graduate students and advanced undergraduate students. The lectures are intended to be not too technical, in fields of wide interest. They must provide an overview of the general topic, possibly in a historical perspective, together with a description of more recent progress. The idea of collecting the materials from these lectures and publishing them in annual volumes came out recently, as a recognition of their intrinsic mathematical interest, and also with the aim of preserving memory of these events.

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Defining and computing a greatest common divisor of two polynomials with inexact coefficients is a classical problem in symbolic-numeric computation. The first part of this book reviews the main results that have been proposed so far in the literature. As usual with polynomial computations, the polynomial GCD problem can be expressed in matrix form: the second part of the book focuses on this point of view and analyses the structure of the relevant matrices, such as Toeplitz, Toepliz-block and displacement structures. New algorithms for the computation of approximate polynomial GCD are presented, along with extensive numerical tests. The use of matrix structure allows, in particular, to lower the asymptotic computational cost from cubic to quadratic order with respect to polynomial degree.

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This volume explores, from a mathematical and a philosophical perspective, the virtuous circle connecting logic and rationality. While logic lends its methods, techniques and ideas to the investigation of rationality, the practical problems which arise in modelling rational behaviour, especially in the social sciences, motivate logicians to develop more refined logical formalisms. This is why non classical logics - a unifying theme of this volume - play a fundamental role in the construction of formal models of rationality.

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The book is devoted to study the relationships between Stochastic Partial Differential Equations and the associated Kolmogorov operator in spaces of continuous functions. In the first part, the theory of a weak convergence of functions is developed in order to give general results about Markov semigroups and their generator. In the second part, concrete models of Markov semigroups deriving from Stochastic PDEs are studied. In particular, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck, reaction-diffusion and Burgers equations have been considered. For each case the transition semigroup and its infinitesimal generator have been investigated in a suitable space of continuous functions. The main results show that the set of exponential functions provides a core for the Kolmogorov operator. As a consequence, the uniqueness of the Kolmogorov equation for measures has been proved.

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This book is taken from the lectures given at the ENSAE in March 1998 and at the Scuola Normale Superiore in May 1998. At the beginning of the 70's, the set of mathematical methods of finance were reduced to actuarial calculus. The modern approach uses the stochastic calculus theory and evidences the duality between problems of arbitrage and valorisation and a set of martingale probabilities.

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Since neutrinos interact so weakly with matter, most of their basic properties are still largely unknown. One of the most important issues to be settled concerns their rest mass. We have no idea why neutrinos are so much lighter than their charged lepton partners; no fundamental symmetry in nature requires massless neutrinos. Massive neutrinos are demanded to explain the anomalous counting rate of experiments measuring the solar and the atmospheric neutrino fluxes. The discrepancy between experimental data and theoretical predictions can be accounted for in terms of neutrino oscillations, which would take place only in the case of massive neutrinos. The subject of this thesis is the search for neutrino oscillations in CHOOZ, the first long baseline experiment to explore a neutrino mass region where hints at neutrino oscillations came from the atmospheric neutrino anomaly.

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Neuronal plasticity is the term generally used to describe a great variety of changes in neuronal structure and functions, in particular activity-dependent, prolonged functional changes, accompanied by corresponding biochemical and possibly morphological alterations. The first insights about neuronal plasticity have been obtained on simple forms of life. Today, many areas in the mammalian central nervous system are under investigation, in particular the cortex and the hippocampus. In these areas, neuronal plasticity is considered to be at the basis of learning and memory. The study of brain plasticity in sensory systems has been particularly fruitful, because these systems can be experimentally manipulated in a very precise manner by changes in the sensory imput.

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This volume collects two articles by Christine Laurent-Thiébaut and Jürgen Leiterer which were submitted to, and accepted by the Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze: The q-convex case; the q-concave case. Owing to the character of the systematic exposition of the new scientific results achieved and to the size of the work, the authors agreed to have the two papers published in a separate volume.

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These notes contain lectures on the theory of group representations and its applications to the physics of atoms, molecules and crystals, given at Purdue University, Scuola Normale Superiore (Pisa, Italy) and Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria (Valparaiso, Chile) on and off over a period of over 25 years. The topics selected reflect my special interests and their scope is limited by the time available to the students. The style is somewhat concise and will require careful attention on the part of the reader.

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The birth of condensed matter physics in Italy is linked to a small number of very distinguished scientists. Mario Tosi, Professor of Physics of Matter at the Scuola Normale Superiore, is unquestionably among the leading figures, a true founder of the theoretical activity in the country and a true catalyst of novel research directions internationally. This volume collects the proceedings of a symposium held at Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, designed to show Mario Tosi's broad, deep influence in very diverse areas of the quantum theory of condensed matter. The topics covered in the volume represent the breadth of his interests and the highlights in the quantum theory of condensed matter: liquids, electronic states in complex structures, quantum degenerate gases, many-body physics.

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