Search results for ""nova science publishers inc""

William Hickling Prescott's History of the Conquest of Mexico presents the conquest of Mexico between 1519 and 1521 in four volumes. Although blind and having never traveled to the Americas, Prescott's account of the conquest of the Aztecs is as highly respected by historians today as it was in the 19th century.

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Advances in Medicinal Chemistry Research is a book addressed to undergraduate and postgraduate students, where recent advances in the discovery and development of effective agents against the most remarkable wide-reaching diseases are presented, divided into seven chapters. This first edition of Advances in Medicinal Chemistry Research offers insights into medicinal chemistry that arguably have the most significant impact on our lives than any other. It draws together research on therapeutic agents from natural, synthetic, and virtual screening sources as starting points for the design of drugs against obesity, multidrug-resistant bacteria, neglected tropical diseases, Alzheimer, and cancer. From the prediction of promising hits and identification of active compounds to the extraction of more complex molecules, this book explores a range of essential topics to support the development of novel, economical, and efficacious therapeutics for these diseases, which currently affect a billion people worldwide. Beginning with an overview of obesity, showing the current research landscape, the books shows the importance of natural and synthetic products as promising anti-obesity agents. Subsequently, the medicinal chemistry of modulation of bacterial resistance is presented, focusing on the MFS, RND, ABC, and MATE superfamilies. The book goes on to discuss such topics as antituberculosis, antileishmanial, and anti-hepatitis thiophene-containing compounds, under the medicinal chemistry point of view. Also, potent human glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors are deeply discussed and displayed as hopeful anti-Alzheimer's agents. The last three chapters are focused on the development of researches involving new anticancer agents, initializing with LBDD, SBDD, QSAR, and QM/MM methods applied to the identification of novel promising anticancer compounds. Moreover, IDO1 inhibitors are exhaustively explored and analyzed as a new promise for the immunotherapy of cancer. Finally, a great update on Eg5 kinesin inhibitors is provided, exploring different chemical classes of synthetic and natural compounds, including miscellanea as a new approach for Eg5 inhibition. Combining the expertise of researchers from around the world, this volume aims to support and encourage researches for the development of novel, safe, and active agents against lipase enzyme, bacteria, neglected tropical diseases, Alzheimer, and cancer. The clear narrative truly engages the reader, holding their attention right from the opening of a chapter, and maintaining interest and understanding as a chapter leads into more complex material. Advances in Medicinal Chemistry Research is a book that reviews ongoing developments and recent cutting-edge advances in medicinal chemistry of the most relevant diseases found nowadays, underlining how medicinal chemistry research continues to make significant contributions to the discovery and development of new therapeutic entities. Key Features Chapters written by active specialists and leading experts deeply engaged in the research field of most deadly and limiting diseases for drug discovery. Draws together cutting-edge research advances in medicinal chemistry focused at the obesity, multidrug-resistant microorganisms, Alzheimer, and cancer in a single volume. Highlights the future potential of researches for the medicinal chemistry of most impactful diseases today. Contents addressed to medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, biology, and pharmacy students, professors, and researchers.

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The System of Nature is a 2 volume book on philosophy written by Paul-Henri Thiry in 1770 and published in French. Most importantly, the author denies the existence of God, arguing that belief in a higher being is the product of fear, lack of understanding, and anthropomorphism. It is the most comprehensive description of Atheism in the history of philosophy.

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This book is a comprehensive compilation of all reports, testimony, correspondence and other publications issued by the Congressional Research Service on International Relations during the month of May.

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The study presented in the opening chapter of Progress in Education. Volume 61 examines Common Core State Standards teacher preparation through professional development opportunities for elementary school teachers in rural areas of the South Eastern Region of the United States. The study posits the question, "Were teachers in the rural South properly and equitably prepared to teach both the English Language Arts and Math Common Core Standards?" The following chapter focuses on the use of the computational thinking process for problem solving and, in particular, for case-based reasoning and mathematical modelling. The former is a method of solving problems based on the solutions of previously solved analogous problems, while the latter deals with the mathematical formulation and solution of problems connected to real word, science and technology applications. Next, some learning activity patterns are identified from a thorough qualitative study of students' behaviors recorded in a major Massive Open Online Courses platform. Then, two recently developed learning-based models for modeling students' learning behaviors which are motivated by such observations are described. The authors go on to study the inclusive approach to the conducting-choral training of future teachers of musical art. It considers the essence of the concept of "inclusiveness". The inclusive approach to conducting-choral training involves both the use of the traditional teaching principles and the specific principles we have developed. In academic fields, both teachers and students are likely to suffer technology anxiety. As such, one chapter focuses on the main factors behind this type of anxiety according to the currently available literature on computer anxiety: age, gender and experience. The process of choosing a university degree involves uncertainties for the students referred to their personal abilities, interests, and social and professional expectations. The main objective of the penultimate chapter is determining whether their expectations of a particular university degree differ significantly according to gender. Flipped classrooms have been considered to be a form of innovative teaching and learning in university education for a few years. The purpose of the final study is to explore how flipped classrooms with learning communities affected university students' self-regulated learning and teachers' professional development.

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Using contemporary empirical research data, this book takes the stance that purposeful self-regulation actively contributes to promoting deeper learning approaches and generally improves teaching and learning. The underlying aim is to help students become strategic, motivated, and independent learners, capable of controlling themselves by themselves. Such self-control may range over a host of variables (behavioural, psychological, emotional, etc.). This book comes at a time when connectivity has exponentially improved worldwide so that more and more individuals have real time information at their fingertips. The fundamental shift in information accessibility from tedious searching through books and manuscripts to on-demand click of a mouse has had phenomenal impacts of the way we do business. Whereas previously, self-regulation may not have been a priority for many persons, increasingly it has now assumed preeminence with the proliferation of laptop computers, tablets, smart phones and numerous other handheld devices that allow easy access to the Internet. In fact, researchers continue to develop software for helping students self-regulate as well as getting the most out of their studies. Needless to say, self-regulated learning (SRL) is mandatory not only for employability but also for lifelong learning since it enables learners to construct knowledge (constructivism) by identifying their own learning goals; self-managing their learning processes; and self-evaluating their performance against goals. Additionally, SRL is very important when often times it is observed that several individuals who have noticeably lower cognitive abilities are able to better self-regulate and consequently achieve more than they should be able to according to their cognitive ranking. Improving teaching and learning through self-regulation therefore has far reaching implications for the kind of individuals we send out to society and the nature of the contributions they make. Quotations from well known persons in the public domain serve to anchor the reader in preparation for the contents of the corresponding section. Such quotations have been found to serve as an effective form of motivation and accordingly may be successfully echoed to students when appropriate. The shareware graphics interspaced in the text not only break the possible monotony usually experienced by many readers, especially in today's online age, but serve to engage and stimulate thought and, in many instances, bring comic relief. These exhibits help to capture the attention of readers and help them to focus on the contents of the various sections at hand. Reinforcing ideas is another powerful function served by the apparent preponderance of exhibits. Hence, what may well be easily misconstrued as too many exhibits, would be much better interpreted as a unique and unusual presentation, with a variation of format, that is meant to have the reader truly appreciate the common saying, 'a picture is worth a thousand words'!

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Exploring the Opportunities and Challenges of International Students opens with a focus on Taiwanese international students by defining the Taiwanese within historical and political context, providing an overview of the trends in studying abroad, as well as a literature review on Taiwanese international students' adjustment process. Following this, the authors present an argument for integrating psychological, social and academic perspectives, highlighting the interrelation between these domains in empirical data collected using a new, integrated measure of students' academic, social and psychological adjustment. Using a multi-university sample, the subsequent chapter presents a study of how types of emotional support play a role in how young Chinese international students' experience academic stresses. In the penultimate study, in order to investigate students' expectations and experiences when studying abroad, a group of outbound exchange students at Umeå University, Sweden, were surveyed before and after the experience of studying in a foreign country. In the concluding paper, the authors examine the challenges faced by international students in integrating into computer science programs at various institutions, identifying differences in student and faculty perceptions.

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Chemiluminescence is a fascinating and mesmerizing phenomenon, which consists on the generation of light as the result of a chemical reaction. This process has been gaining attention in the last decades, being now a standard tool in analytical, bioimaging, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. This book provides a detailed overview of the basic mechanisms and principles of the most relevant chemiluminescent systems, as well as describing the most recent advances and applications. Written by experts, this is a reference text suitable both for researchers focused on chemiluminescence and for those wanting to start working on this field. In Chapter One, the progress and evolution of the chemiluminescent studies in imidazopyrazinone-based compounds are reviewed, with emphasis on their potential as diagnosis tools. Chapter Two addresses the spectral changes associated with firefly bioluminescence by focusing on the tautomeric equilibria of the light emitter. Chapter Three reviews, for the first time, the liquid-phase chemiluminescence of fullerene and derivatives. Chapter Four is devoted to studies of chemiluminescence with the participation of lanthanide ions. Chapter Five summarizes the mechanism behind the chemiluminescence of acridinium esters, while discussing their current applications. Chapter Six explains the potential of phenothiazine derivatives as enhancers in analytic chemiluminescent assays. Chapter Seven collects the available information of both well-known and lesser-known examples of squid bioluminescence. Chapter Eight discusses the enhancement of chemiluminescent emission by using metal-nanoparticles near a luminescent molecule, which is known as metal-enhanced chemiluminescence. In Chapter Nine it is explained how model molecules can make the study of complex bioluminescence reaction mechanisms accessible, as well as allowing for chemiluminescence on macroscopic molecular crystals. Chapter Ten describes experimental and computational approaches used for enhancing the thermostability of firefly luciferase. Chapter Eleven demonstrates the usefulness of theoretical studies for better understanding chemiluminescent reactions. Chapter Twelve describes the fundamental theoretical aspects of state-of-the-art multiconfigurational methods and shows illustrative examples of their application to the study of chemiluminescence. Finally, Chapter Thirteen discusses chemiluminescent experiments that are simple, inexpensive and can be performed by students.

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The opening chapter of Horizons in Neuroscience Research. Volume 37 suggests a definition and temporal origin of languages that emerge naturally-without linguistic assumptions or preconceptions-from an analytic and predictive theory of mental evolution. A significant number of Alzheimer's disease patients present with low circulating plasma leptin levels. As such, studies expressed in the following chapter have shown that leptin treatment reduces amyloid and phosphorylated tau accumulation in cultured cells and animal models, with beneficial effects. A systematic review of the structure and function of the cerebellum in normal brain and surveys the distribution of the pathology in a major molecular group of neurodegenerative disease is presented, inclduing Alzheimer's disease, argyrophilic grain disease, corticobasal degeneration, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, guam parkinsonian dementia complex, primary age-related tauopathy, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The application of Fourier analysis is illustrated with reference to the spatial distribution of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of six cases of Alzheimer's disease, and it is suggested as a useful statistical method for studying the patterns of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Additionally, the structure and function of the basal ganglia in normal brain are described, and the role that differential pathology in these regions may have in determining the clinical symptoms in neurodegenerative disease is explored. The authors describe the structure and function of the superior colliculus in the normal brain, as well as the pathological changes in the superior colliculus which may explain eye movement problems in two neurodegenerative disorders: progressive supranuclear palsy and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The results obtained in the penultimate chapter corroborate the toxic effects at cellular and molecular levels that the administration of L-DOPA has, even in a healthy system, affirming the need to find a Parkinson disease treatment alternative. The final study investigates the relationship between the number of flow experiences in daily life and brain activation by near-infrared spectroscopy.

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Although the discussion is general, this book focuses on the problem of macroscopic quantum phenomena using systems of spintronics. The spintronics considered are ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spintronics. To represent the macroscopic quantum phenomena in spintronics, transitions from one state to another of the magnetization of ferromagnetic spintronics are considered, and of the Néel vector of antiferromagnetic spintronics. The authors have studied transitions from a metastable state to a more stable one, as well as quantum coherence between two degenerate stable states. Quantum and classical rates of transitions are presented as functions of temperature, magnetic field and the spin-polarized current flowing through the spintronics. With this method, one can immediately observe the effect of the spin-polarized current on the transitions of the magnetization and the Néel vector when comparing the results to those of the earlier ones on magnetic systems that did not have spin-polarized current. Specifically, while dissipations in magnetic system are intrinsic, the book shows how the total dissipation in spintronics can be controlled and eliminated by varying the spin-polarized current appropriately that depends on the temperature. The study of transitions from a metastable state to a more stable one in ferromagnetic spintronics shows that the rate of transitions of the magnetization at low temperatures is low and vanishes at zero temperature, so that the magnetization is relatively more stable than that in ferromagnetic materials without existence of spin-polarized currents. In the case of antiferromagnetic spintronics, the behavior and characteristics of transitions of the Néel vector is in contrast to those of ferromagnetic spintronics, where the low-temperature rate of transitions in antiferromagnetic spintronics varies exponentially small in temperature, and is finite and non-vanishing at zero temperature. In addition to the theoretical aspects, the book also discusses experimental and technological aspects that one may obtain. Measurements of the rate of transitions can be used to provide an independent method to determine certain parameters being involved, such as the anisotropy parameter Kc of tetragonal crystals, which is an important parameter but usually difficult to obtain. Eliminating dissipation in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spintronics would be desired so as not to have unnecessary loss of energy. Low rate of transitions corresponds to the initial state that is relatively stable. Technologically, the stability of the states of the magnetization and Néel vector in spintronics are important, for example, for memory storage.

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This book comprises a total of 14 chapters contributed by experts from different countries worldwide. It is a comprehensive collection of articles to illustrate an overview of microbial catalysts that include enzymes widely contribute to many fields infood and industrial products. Microorganisms have served and continue to serve as one of the largest and most useful sources of many enzymes used in foods and the food industry. Microbial catalysts are environmentally friendly and consume lower energy. A particular aim of this book is focused on applied and industrial microbiology, agricultural microbiology, and food microbiology. All sections discuss microbial catalysts viz., enzymes with respect to their function and its benefit to human kind especially, and to biotechnology as a subject of which enzymology is an integral part. The book also deals with structure and function of some microbial enzymes. Microbial catalysts are generally preferred than plant and animal as sources of industrial enzymes because their production cost is low. In addition, enzymes are more predictable and controllable, and more so because of the easy availability of raw materials with constant composition for their cultivation.

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Community banks ... generally small and locally focused institutions ... are important sources of credit to small businesses. Since the 2007 ... 2009 financial crisis, regulators have made significant changes to the regulatory environment. Chapter 1 examines the data regulators use to measure small business lending, as well as the extent of any regulatory effects on the amount of community banks' small business lending and their lending processes, changes in bank populations, and financial performance. Chapter 2 examines (1) the regulations community banks and credit unions viewed as most burdensome and why, and (2) efforts by depository institution regulators to reduce any regulatory burden. GAO analyzed regulations and interviewed more than 60 community banks and credit unions (selected based on asset size and financial activities), regulators, and industry associations and consumer groups.

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This book is intended for undergraduate and graduate researchers and practitioners in computational sciences and as a reference book for an advanced computational methods course. We have included new results for iterative procedures in abstract spaces general enough for handling inverse problems in various situations related to real-life problems through mathematical modeling. The book contains a plethora of updated bibliography and provides comparison between various investigations made in recent years in the field of computational mathematics in the wide sense. Iterative processes are the tools used to generate sequences approximating solutions of equations describing the real-life problems stated above and others originating from Biosciences, Engineering, Mathematical Economics, Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Chemistry, Mathematical Physics Medicine, Mathematical Programming, and other disciplines. The book also provides recent advancements on the study of iterative procedures and can be used as a source from which one can obtain the proper method to use in order to solve a problem. The book requires a fundamental background in Mathematical Statistics, Linear Algebra and Numerical Analysis. It may be used as a self-study reference or as a supplementary text for an advanced course in Biosciences, Engineering and Computational Sciences.

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In the opening chapter the method of statistical geometry, based on the construction of a Voronoi polyhedral, is applied to the pattern recognition of atomic environments and to the investigation of the local order in molecular dynamics-simulated materials. Next, the authors discuss the methodology of bimolecular simulations and their advancements, as well as their applications in the field of nanoparticle-biomolecular interactions. The theory of molecular dynamics simulation and some of the recent molecular dynamics methods such as steered molecular dynamics, umbrella sampling, and coarse-grained simulation are also discussed. The use of auxiliary programs in the cases of modified cyclodextrins is discussed. Additionally, results from molecular dynamics studies on cases of inclusion compounds of molecules of different sizes and shapes encapsulated in the same host cyclodextrin have been examined and compared. In closing, the authors discuss the methodology of molecular dynamics simulation with a non-constant force field. In the context of molecular simulations, the term "force field" refers to a set of equations and parameters for the calculation of forces acting on the particles of the system and its potential energy.

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The life of Washington reveals to us the state of society in our land, the manners and customs of the people, their joys and griefs, one hundred years ago. As a statesman, as a general, as a thoroughly good man, he stands pre-eminent. He was so emphatically the Father of his country that it may almost be said that he created the Republic.

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In this 10-Volume Set, the Encyclopedia of Asia describes in detail the political, economic, social and business issues affecting Asia today. Current trends and challenges within each country and their relationship among their neighbors, as well as with the US, are explored. Some of the countries examined in this encyclopedia include but is not limited to: China North Korea India Japan Indonesia Vietnam Bangladesh Malaysia South Korea Bangladesh Thailand Sri Lanka

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Through the research examined in the opening chapter the authors determine that it is necessary for elementary teacher candidates to be strengthened in the pedagogical level related to culturally responsive teaching during the undergraduate education process, and graduate as culturally responsive elementary teachers. Next, a study is presented which investigates the effects of multiple intelligence practices on secondary school students' environmental literacy levels. The results reveal that a learning environment enriched by multiple intelligence activities significantly improved the participants' environmental literacy levels. The final study explores three Andalusia universities (that are part of the 17 autonomous regions making up Spain) and how they regard the knowledge of prospective primary teachers in the area of metric geometry.

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Diverticular disease is one of the most common problems encountered by gastroenterologists, emergency physicians and surgeons, with a higher prevalence in elderly patients and a dramatic rising of incidences in young people, which involve an increase in health care costs, according to ambulatory visits and hospital admissions. Acute diverticulitis, the most important complication of diverticular disease, has a broad spectrum of severity, which involves many treatment options, ranging from outpatient-based antibiotic treatment, or even isolated nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, to parenteral antibiotic regimen, percutaneous drainage or surgery (lavage and drainage, Hartmann procedure or resection with anastomosis with or without a diverting stoma). The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons recommended in their guidelines a routine follow-up colonoscopy after recovery from an acute episode to rule out malignancy, which is being re-evaluated in recent studies, including the alternative CT-colonography, especially in cases of incomplete colonoscopy or in high-risk patients. After an episode of acute diverticulitis, there is a significant risk of recurrence and a negative impact on quality of life. In order to decrease it, there are many treatments that are being evaluated such as fiber-rich diet, mesalazine, rifaximin, probiotics and elective colon resection, which should be decided individually. The aim of this book is to revise the current evidence about the diverticular disease and acute diverticulitis.

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These books are intended for undergraduate, graduate researchers and practitioners in computational sciences, and as reference books for an advanced computational methods course. We have included new results for iterative procedures in abstract spaces general enough for handling inverse problems in various situations related to real life problems through mathematical modeling. These books contain a plethora of updated bibliography and provide comparison between various investigations made in recent years in the field of computational mathematics in the wide sense. Iterative processes are the tools used to generate sequences approximating solutions of equations describing the real life problems stated above and others originating from biosciences, engineering, mathematical economics, mathematical biology, mathematical chemistry, mathematical physics medicine, mathematical programming, and other disciplines. These books also provide, recent advancements on the study of iterative procedures, and can be used as a source from which one can obtain the proper method to use in order to solve a problem. The books require a fundamental background in mathematical statistics, linear algebra and numerical analysis. It may be used as a self-study reference or as a supplementary text for an advanced course in biosciences, engineering and computational sciences.

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The aim of the opening chapter of Agricultural Research Updates. Volume 27 is to discuss the role of phenolic compounds in the interactions of plants with abiotic stress, with special attention paid to their antioxidant properties. The second chapter attempts to assess the sustainability level of different types of agro-ecosystems in Bulgaria. A holistic hierarchical framework for measuring the integral, economic, social and ecological sustainability of agro-ecosystems in Bulgaria is proposed. Following this, a study is presented with the goal of identifying and evaluating social and economic sustainability indices in corn production. Statistical regression models were derived to estimate summer precipitation in a single location derived using lineal backward regression techniques, and the different efficiency between the derived models was analyzed. Next, an analytical Fourier series solution to the equation for heat transfer by conduction in a spherical shell with an internal stone consisting of insulating material is presented, and an internal heat source linearly reliant on temperature is considered as a model of conduction of heat in stone fruits. The subsequent study analyses the effects of certain parameters on the baking properties of wheat in years with different weather conditions. The results indicate statistically significant correlation coefficients between protein content, wet gluten content, alveograph properties, exstensograph properties and bread loaf volume. Lastly, a summary of recent knowledge is evaluated in order to contribute to a better understanding of how farming practices affect berry composition and consequently, the sensory characteristics of raspberries.

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This book Drylands: Biodiversity, Conservation and Management, edited by Victor R. Squires, Mahesh K. Gaur and Salah Attia Ismail, fills a gap in the literature admirably. It gets away from 'species lists' and designation of species and habitats as 'endangered' or 'at risk'. Instead, it opens up discussion on a range of issues relating to the important matters of biodiversity, land management and efforts at conservation (wise use) of natural resources that support an area's biodiversity. Dryland ecologists, land use change specialists, policy makers from UN agencies or from bilateral and multilateral donors and other natural resource management agencies will find the book very useful. It is also a valuable reference book for university students in ecology, geography, environmental studies and development studies in general. Key points â¶Provides a synoptic overview of the current problems and prospects for biodiversity conservation in a changing world based on a focus on selected ecosystems across Africa, Asia and the Middle East â¶Discusses the path forward to maintain and improve dryland ecosystems, conserve biodiversity and achieve land protection This edited volume is devoted to the examination of the implications of the inevitable changes wrought by global change on the welfare and livelihoods of tens of millions of people who live in dryland-dominated regions on all continents except Antarctica. Global change is more than just climate change. The shift to the market economy and demographic factors (population growth, urbanization and resettlement) receive attention here. The implications of change (including an analysis of the drivers of change) and the role of humans as agents of these changes are canvassed. Chapters by leading experts who live and work in lands focus on examples that are drawn from a number of sources including previously unpublished studies. The key purpose is to provide an up to date and in-depth global overview of drylands and give readers insights into the status of these vulnerable biomes and to alert readers to the consequences of a loss of biodiversity to the tens of millions of people, their livestock and the myriad of plants and animals that make up dryland ecosystems across the globe. Maintenance of biodiversity ensures the continued flow of ecosystems' goods and services on which most of us depend!

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