Search results for ""associated""

Migration has long been associated with the social sciences. However, as a phenomenon that provides windows into possibly new forms of oppression and, at the same time, paths toward human liberation a systematic theological look at contemporary migration is long overdue. Building on the emerging interest on migration in theology this book presents an intercultural theology of migration drawn from the experience of Filipino women domestic workers in Hong Kong in dialogue with theological ethics and liberationist theologies. The result is a new look at the phenomenon of contemporary migration.

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Practical and highly organized, The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2025 provides rapid access to the diagnosis, treatment, medications, follow-up, and associated conditions for more than 500 disease and condition topics to help you make accurate decisions at the point of care. Organized alphabetically by diagnosis, it presents brief, bulleted points in a templated format, and contains more than 100 diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms. This up-to-date, bestselling reference delivers maximum clinical confidence as efficiently as possible, allowing you to focus your valuable time on providing high-quality care to your patients.

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Selected as a Doody's Core Title for 2022!Make the most effective diagnostic and therapeutic decisions quickly and efficiently!Find answers fast with The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult Premium, 8th Edition – your go-to resource for the effective medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. Using the proven 5-Minute format, it provides rapid access to information on diagnosis, treatment, medications, follow-up, and associated factors for more than 500 diseases and conditions. The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult is designed to help you make quick, accurate decisions every day … helping you save time and offer every patient the best possible care. Get quick access to all-new topics , including Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Vaccine Refusal, Zika Virus, Chikungunya Virus, Transgender Youth, and Follow-up of NICU Graduates. Reorganized and updated appendix includes unique identifiers for dozens of genetic conditions, associated inheritance patterns, specific gene(s) involved, mechanism of a disease, descriptions of the associated clinical findings, and a Glossary of Genetic Syndromes important for the care of children. Find the answers you need quickly thanks to an intuitive, at-a-glance format, with concise, bulleted text; ICD-10 codes; FAQs; and much more. Consult “The 5-Minute Educator” appendix for instruction of trainees at all levels. Access valuable clinical guidance in the book as well as 24/7 online access for three years! Written by experts in the field of pediatrics and associated subspecialties and published by the leader in medical content, The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult Premium: 3-Year Enhanced Online Access + Print, 8th Edition includes 3-year access to 5MinuteConsult.com.5MinuteConsult.com is a quicker, more valuable, evidence-based, online workflow tool easily integrated at the point-of-care. 5MinuteConsult.com provides online-exclusive content, including: Additional 1,500+ diseases and conditions Semantic search – for targeted results from reliable resources including 5-Minute Clinical Consult Online-only treatment and diagnostic algorithms More than 3,500 patient handouts in Spanish and English Over 200 step-by-step procedure and physical therapy videos to enhance procedural skills The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult Premium, 8th Edition provides the luxury of a traditional print product and delivers quick access to the continually updated online content – an ideal resource when you’re treating patients.

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A wide-ranging exploration of the science and practice of food frying Frying is one of the world’s most popular methods of food preparation. Whether using oils or fats, it is valued for the particular flavors and textures it can bring, and represents a multibillion-dollar sector of the global economy. Food Frying: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Safety explores this important cooking technique in its scientific dimensions, charting the relationships between the chemical reactions produced during frying, the changes in food quality that these engender, and associated digestive and health-related issues. By outlining these connections, the author provides an aid to a safer, healthier approach to food frying. Topics covered range from culturally specific forms of frying to detailed analyses of the chemical and biochemical processes involved in its practice. Delivering these insights in a practical and easy-to-follow manner, this unique text includes: A complete survey of food frying, encompassing cultural, chemical, biochemical, and toxicological concerns Guidance on the accurate assessment of health, quality, and safety issues associated with food frying Coverage of the latest technologies and methods involved with frying Information on the possible future development of fried foods Food Frying: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Safety is an invaluable resource for all those who work with fried foods, whether they be food industry professionals, food scientists, or workers in the oil and fat industries.

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How have traditional Chinese ways of thinking affected problem solving in this century? The traditional, imperial style of inquiry is associated with the belief that the universe is a coherent, internally structured unity understandable through the similarly structured human mind. It involves a reliance on antecedent and authoritarian models, coupled with an introspective focus in investigations, at some cost to objective fact gathering. In contrast, emergent forms of inquiry are guided by the values of individual autonomy and new perspectives on objectivity. In the 1930s and 1940s, some liberal educators held the model of Western science in great esteem, and some scientists practicing objective inquiry helped to create an awareness in the urban areas of inquiry not directed by political values. Drawing on philosophical, social science, and popular culture materials, Donald Munro shows that the two strains coexisted in twentieth century China as mixed motives. Many important figures were motivated by a desire to act consistently with the social values associated with the premodern or received view of knowledge and inquiry. At the same time, these people often had other motives, such as utilitarian values, efficiency, and entrepreneurship. Munro argues that while many competing positions can coexist in the same person, the seeds of the positive, instrumental value of individual autonomy in Chinese inquiry are beginning to compete in both scholarly and popular culture with other, older approaches.

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A cutting-edge look at the emerging distributional theory of sorting Research on distributions associated with sorting algorithms has grown dramatically over the last few decades, spawning many exact and limiting distributions of complexity measures for many sorting algorithms. Yet much of this information has been scattered in disparate and highly specialized sources throughout the literature. In Sorting: A Distribution Theory, leading authority Hosam Mahmoud compiles, consolidates, and clarifies the large volume of available research, providing a much-needed, comprehensive treatment of the entire emerging distributional theory of sorting. Mahmoud carefully constructs a logical framework for the analysis of all standard sorting algorithms, focusing on the development of the probability distributions associated with the algorithms, as well as other issues in probability theory such as measures of concentration and rates of convergence. With an emphasis on narrative rather than technical explanations, this exceptionally well-written book makes new results easily accessible to a broad spectrum of readers, including computer professionals, scientists, mathematicians, and engineers. Sorting: A Distribution Theory: * Contains introductory material on complete and partial sorting * Explains insertion sort, quick sort, and merge sort, among other methods * Offers verbal descriptions of the mechanics of the algorithms as well as the necessary code * Illustrates the distribution theory of sorting using a broad array of both classical and modern techniques * Features a variety of end-of-chapter exercises

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Why is effective communication important in health, and what does this involve? What issues arise when communicating with particular populations, or in difficult circumstances? How can the communication skills of health professionals be improved? Effective health communication is now recognised to be a critical aspect of healthcare at both the individual and wider public level. Good communication is associated with positive health outcomes, whereas poor communication is associated with a number of negative outcomes. This book assesses current research and practice in the area and provides some practical guidance for those involved in communicating health information. It draws on material from several disciplines, including health, medicine, psychology, sociology, linguistics, pharmacy, statistics, and business and management. The book examines: The importance of effective communication in health Basic concepts and processes in communication Communication theories and models Communicating with particular groups and in difficult circumstances Ethical issues Communicating with the wider public and health promotion Communication skills training Health Communication is key reading for students and researchers who need to understand the factors that contribute to effective communication in health, as well as for health professionals who need to communicate effectively with patients and others. It provides a thorough and up to date, evidence-based overview of this important topic, examining the theoretical and practical aspects of health communication for those whose work involves communication with patients, relatives and other carers.

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Fundamentals of DRUG DEVELOPMENT Enables readers to understand the process of pharmaceutical research, its regulatory basis, and how it fits into the global healthcare environment This book discusses how to conduct pharmaceutical research and the context for how the industry fits into global healthcare. Holistically, the well-qualified author helps readers and students of drug development appreciate the time and expense of the process. Specifically, the work identifies the emerging trends shaping the future of drug development, along with important related topics like generic drugs, data sharing, and collaboration. To aid in seamless reader comprehension, the book includes a glossary of terms and a self-assessment quiz for each chapter at the end. PowerPoint slides are also available as an online ancillary for adopting professors. Sample topics covered in the book include: Drug development and its phases Decision-making processes, drug development milestones, and compound progression metrics The various disciplines involved along with an assessment of the complexity and risks associated across the stages of development Differences in the nature and scope of development programs due to the therapeutic area of interest Associated costs and resources required Graduate students and professors teaching courses in drug development, drug discovery, pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemistry, and drug synthesis will be able to use this book as a complete resource for understanding all the complexities and nuances involved in the drug development process.

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A comprehensive review of non-ionizing radiation and its public health and environmental risks, for researchers, policy makers, and laymen This book explains the characteristics of all forms of electromagnetic non-ionizing radiation (NIR) and analyzes the relationship between exposure and its biological effects, as well as the known dose-response relationships associated with each. Taking a uniquely holistic approach to the concept of health that builds upon the WHO definition to include not only absence of disease, but the physical, mental and social well-being of individuals and the population, it reviews established and potential risks and protections, along with regulatory issues associated with each. The risks to public health of NIR, whether in the form of UV light, radio waves from wireless devices, or electric and magnetic fields associated with electrical power systems, is currently a cause of great concern among members of the public and lawmakers. But in order to separate established science from speculation and make informed decisions about how to mitigate the risks of NIR and allocate precious resources, policymakers, manufacturers, and individuals need a comprehensive source of up-to-date information based on the current scientific evidence. Written by a team of experts in their fields, this book is that source. Among other things, it: Summarizes scientific findings on the safety of different forms of NIR and the rationale behind current standards Describes devices for monitoring NIR along with the established and potential hazards of each form Explores proper protections against UV light and lasers, RF radiation, ELF fields and other forms of NIR Discusses how to avoid injuries through occupational training or public awareness programs, and how to perform medical assessments in cases of suspected NIR injuries Considers how to decide whether or not to spend money on certain mitigation measures, based on cost-benefit analyses Offering expert reviews and analyses of the latest scientific findings and public policy issues concerning the risks to public health and the environment of NIR, Non-ionizing Radiation Protection is an indispensable source of information for manufacturers, government regulators, and regulatory agencies, as well as researchers, concerned laypersons, and students.

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A comprehensive guide dealing in detail with every imaginable aspect associated with the design, modification and construction of radio-controlled sports model aircraft powered by internal combustion or electric motors. The text helps the modeller who has built one or two kit model aircraft to progress from simple modifications to the creation of unique designs. The author deals with basic materials, essential aerodynamic considerations, the various constructional methods, the wide range of model configurations and size as well as a broad choice of power plants. The book finishes with tips on drawing plans, getting them published and safely completing the early test flights.

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This report publishes the 1937–8 excavations in Colliton Park, Dorchester, Dorset, which revealed one of the best preserved late Roman town houses so far discovered in Roman Britain. Extensively decorated with mosaics, the building has recently been re-displayed in a new cover building by Dorset County Council. In addition to the town house and its mosaics, the report publishes the surrounding buildings in the north-west quarter of the town, also mostly of late Roman date, and associated occupation along with an extensive collection of artefacts, including outstanding finds of coins, glass, iron and Kimmeridge shale.

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With its wide variety of topics and up-to-date coverage, Landscape Planning Fifth Edition is an excellent resource for students in a variety of disciplines including landscape planning, geography and environmental studies. It focuses on environmental problems associated with land planning, landscape design, and land use. New coverage is included on adaptive planning as an approach necessary to build a sustainable landscape. Greater emphasis is placed on systems and updated case studies are integrated throughout the chapters. This edition also arms the student with a collection of the best management practices, which can be applied in the field.

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This book presents a new search paradigm for solving the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The intrinsic difficulty of the TSP is associated with the combinatorial explosion of potential solutions in the solution space. The author introduces the idea of using the attractor concept in dynamical systems theory to reduce the search space for exhaustive search for the TSP. Numerous examples are used to describe how to use this new search algorithm to solve the TSP and its variants including: multi-objective TSP, dynamic TSP, and probabilistic TSP. This book is intended for readers in the field of optimization research and application.

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Children with ADD or ADHD can be a parenting nightmare. They can be disruptive and destructive and do not respond to guidance like other children. Medication may reduce symptoms, but disruptive behaviour often persists. Is there anything that the parent can do?Parenting the ADD Child brings together for the first time a variety of tried and tested methods in a unique, comprehensive and accessible format that will not be found elsewhere. It goes beyond the identification of the symptoms to tackle the changes parents can make, ensuring that behaviour problems associated with ADD and ADHD are managed and reduced.

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Bound in genuine Fraser Modern Red tartan cloth made in Britain and supplied with the authority of Kinloch Anderson, this pocket hardback notebook is 14 x 9cm, with 176 pages - each spread has left blank, right ruled pages. With stained edges, ribbon marker, a bookmark and inner note holder this notebook is part of the real cloth tartan notebooks from Waverley Scotland. Made with acid-free paper from sustainable forests. The Fraser Modern Red tartan is red with blue, green and white. Septs associated with the clan include Brewster, Mactavish, Twaddle, Simpson, Kimm, Cowie, Oliver, Bisset, Frissell, Frew, Cowie.

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This book presents the fundamental principles of mechanics to re-establish the equations of Discrete Mechanics. It introduces physics and thermodynamics associated to the physical modeling. The development and the complementarity of sciences lead to review today the old concepts that were the basis for the development of continuum mechanics. The differential geometry is used to review the conservation laws of mechanics. For instance, this formalism requires a different location of vector and scalar quantities in space. The equations of Discrete Mechanics form a system of equations where the Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition plays an important role.

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Locomotive kit building remains the best route to achieving a varied range of motive power in most scales but it also retains a mystique, being associated with expert modellers and expensive tools. However, in this invaluable, richly illustrated volume, George Dent demonstrates how anyone can successfully assemble working kits with only a modicum of inexpensive equipment and experience. All aspects of assembly are covered in detail including working in plastics, resin and metal; the very basics of working and joining materials; installing ready-made power units and performing more complex operations, such as assembling etched metal chassis frames and intricate valve gear.

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From a well-known authority, this comprehensive yet accessible book shows how state-of-the-art research can be applied to help people with nonprogressive memory disorders improve their functioning and quality of life. Barbara Wilson describes a broad range of interventions, including compensatory aids, learning strategies, and techniques for managing associated anxiety and stress. She reviews the evidence base for each clinical strategy or tool and offers expert guidance on how to assess patients, set treatment goals, develop individualized rehabilitation programs, and conduct memory groups. The book also provides essential background knowledge on the nature and causes of memory impairment.

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Instrumentation, Measurements, and Experiments in Fluids, Second Edition is primarily focused on essentials required for experimentation in fluids, explaining basic principles, and addressing the tools and methods needed for advanced experimentation. It also provides insight into the vital topics and issues associated with the devices and instruments used for fluid mechanics and gas dynamics experiments. The second edition adds exercise problems with answers, along with PIV systems of flow visualization, water flow channel for flow visualization, and pictures with Schlieren and shadowgraph—from which possible quantitative information can be extracted. Ancillary materials include detailed solutions manual and lecture slides for the instructors.

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This book will address key organizational issues that must be considered and addressed when implementing Lean business practices. The book offers solutions for many of the challenges, provides a resource that leaders can use in addressing cultural and regulatory issues, provides means to address the associated people issues and the challenging task of knowledge retention and succession planning. Vignettes are used to illustrate and provide examples of potential issues and solutions that can be considered for resolving issues and a case study demonstrating ways to address the technical and people aspects of implementing Lean to ensure project success.

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This innovative book examines the changing relationship between communities, citizens and the notion of the archive. Archives have traditionally been understood as repositories of knowledge and experience, remote from the ordinary people who fund and populate them, however digital resources have led to a growing plurality of archives and the practices associated with collecting and curating. This book uses a broad range of case studies which place communities at the heart of this exciting development, to illustrate how their experiences are central to our understanding of this new terrain which challenges traditional histories and the control of knowledge and power.

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Sustainable Surface Water Management: a handbook for SUDS addresses issues as diverse as flooding, water quality, amenity and biodiversity but also mitigation of, and adaptation to, global climate change, human health benefits and reduction in energy use. Chapters are included to cover issues from around the world, but they also address particular designs associated with the implementation of SUDS in tropical areas, problems with retrofitting SUDS devices, SUDS modelling, water harvesting in drought-stricken countries using SUDS and the inclusion of SUDS in the climate change strategies of such cities as Tokyo, New York and Strasbourg.

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It was once assumed that mitochondrial diseases were rare and that few people were affected. As knowledge has grown about these organelles and their function, it became clear that mitochondrial malfunction could be linked to several chronic diseases. Diabetes has been associated with DNA mutation and can cause mutation itself. This text discusses findings involving the effects of disease on mitochondrial number, mitogenesis, and the base sequence of mitochondrial DNA. Experts discuss their study of mitochondria and what happens when it malfunctions. This book also explores the idea that mutated mitochondrial DNA can result in disease, and vice versa.

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Offering one of the field's most thorough treatments of material design principles, including a concise overview of fastener design, the Handbook of Mechanical Alloy Design provides an extensive overview of the effects of alloy compositional design on expected mechanical properties. This reference highlights the design elements that must be considered in risk-based metallurgical design and covers alloy design for a broad range of materials, including the increasingly important powder metal and metal matrix alloys. It discusses the design issues associated with carbon, alloy, and tool steels, microalloyed steels, and more. The Handbook of Mechanical Alloy Design is a must-have reference.

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The phenomenal rise of Yiddish language and culture is one of the most interesting and colorful sagas of modern Jewish history. In this significant book, Dr. Goldsmith relates the growth of Yiddish to the explosion of Jewish literature, the surge of Zionism, and the popularity of Socialism that impacted upon the Jews of Europe, America, and Israel. Including a study of the major personalities associated with the first Yiddish Language Conference (1908,) this is the first comprehensive work to explore a movement that affected the lives of millions of Jews before the Holocaust and continues to influence Jewish life throughout the world.

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Key Terms in Language and Culture is a new collection of 75 short original essays written by leading scholars in linguistic anthropology and related fields, and covering the major issues in the contemporary study of language and culture. Together these essays provide a lexicon of language from an anthropological perspective. Each essay includes a brief description of a key concept, the issues associated with the concept, and the major contributions to its study. There is a set of suggested readings at the end of each essay that provides readers with a good starting point for a further study.

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Written by leading thinkers in the field, this text provides an in-depth analysis of the economic and policy issues associated with individual and population aging. The text has a strong policy focus based on demographic and economic analysis, making this book both accessible and challenging to readers with limited mathematical background. Written by leading thinkers in the field of the economics of aging. Employs a strong policy focus based on demographic and economic analysis. Provides a comprehensive international picture of the consequences of aging. Engages the reader through side boxes, relevant website addresses, and practice questions.

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The role of private companies in violent conflicts has gained increasingly more attention in recent years. Although the private sector is often associated with sustaining conflicts, companies are also assumed to be self-interested as well as able to support the prevention, settlement and transformation of violent conflicts. This book explores the role of the private business sector during the civil war and the peace process in Guatemala. It examines and analyses the corporate positions during this period, aiming to add to a better understanding on the potentials and limits of integrating private business actors in conflict transformation.

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This volume is a study of ceramic change in a stratified settlement at Kom Rabia, Memphis, during the New Kingdom. Ceramic chronology of this period has traditionally relied on pottery associated with dated individuals, usually from burials. In contrast, this study presents quantified evidence from a random sample taken from all contexts. A corpus has been made up for each level or phase. Appendices show the distribution of pottery within single contexts and of types within the sequence. Dating, fabric, surface treatments and shape are described in detail and there is a critical appraisal of the methodology used.

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This full length study provides a basic account of the rationale and content of victimization surveys; it examines the value of crime/victim surveys and deals with the shortcomings of official statistics gathered by the police. Unlike police figures, victimization surveys are able to study the effects of crime and the social variables which are associated with a high risk of victimization. Crime patterns, repoorting trends, the use and abuse of statistics, attitudes towards the police, fear of crime, and lessons for crime prevention are all examined within this text. Both nationwide and regional surveys are analysed.

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Students often have difficulty learning anatomy and physiology because they cannot see how the material relates to their chosen health profession. Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions unites the science with the clinical pathologies that students will experience in their chosen field, giving them the insight and added drive to be successful in this course. Along with the added clinical content, utilizing MindTap allows the students to interact with 3D models of both normal and pathologic anatomy and the associated physiology. This ability to control the models and explore the different anatomical structures helps to enhance their learning and ability to conceptualize the structures.

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Jane Austen, one of the nation’s most beloved authors, whose face adorns our currency, surely needs no introduction, but while many are familiar with her groundbreaking novels, and despite lending its name to a film adaptation of Lady Susan in 2016, her burlesque Love and Freindship is an unjustly neglected gem of satirical comedy. Written when she was still in her teens, Love and Freindship is a fascinating, light-hearted epistolary work that shows Austen’s wit developing into the satirical prowess she is remembered for, and casts the novels with which her name is so associated in a new light.

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A landmark in Sibelius scholarship, this is the first book that presents all of Sibelius's solo art songs in their musical and aesthetic context. Indispensable for scholars and performers alike. This is the first book to discuss the complete solo art songs of Jean Sibelius and to locate them in their musical, literary and artistic context. The book is organized around the poets Sibelius set to music and the literary themes associated with them, thus providing invaluable information for the scholar, student and performer. The musical and aesthetic contextualisation of the songs will help to enable new interpretations on the performance stage.

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A concise guide to the Gods and Goddesses of pagan Ireland, their history, mythology, and symbols. Rooted in the past but still active in the world today, the Gods and Goddesses of Ireland have always been powerful forces that can bless or challenge, but often the most difficult thing is to simply find information about them. This short introductory text looks at a variety of different Irish deities, common and more obscure, from their ancient roots to the modern practices associated with honoring them in, an encyclopedia-style book with entries in easy-to-use sections.

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This impressive research collection discusses the most important contributions by some of the leading scholars in the field of poverty measurement. It analyses what constitutes poverty and associated poverty measures, as well as conceptual and empirical approaches to set poverty lines for both national and international settings. The research collection also discusses national and international income poverty measures, multidimensional poverty indices, and ways to capture poverty dynamics.

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This book showcases the insights and findings of a series of distinct, independent studies undertaken by early career researchers associated with the ESRC funded Welfare Conditionality project. Each chapter presents a new empirical analysis of data generated in fieldwork conducted with practitioners charged with interpreting and delivering policy and welfare service users who are at the sharp end of welfare services shaped by behavioural conditionality.

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With topics ranging from language death to sign language, Language, Frogs and Savants offers a glimpse into the fascinating world of linguistics. Written by one of the most senior figures in linguistics. Features fascinating topics ranging from language death to sign language. Includes an introduction to the current vision of linguistics most closely associated with Noam Chomsky. Contains a glossary of all technical terms and interpretations.

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Addresses health and safety issues associated with workplace Nanoparticle exposures• Describes methods to evaluate and control worker exposures to engineered nanoparticles• Provides guidance for concerned EHS professionals on acceptable levels of exposure to nanoparticles• Includes documentation on best practices to be followed by all researchers when working with engineered nanoparticles• Describes current knowledge on toxicity of nanoparticles• Includes coverage on Routes of Exposure for Engineered Nanoparticles

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To commemorate the 45th anniversary of Gilbert Baker's original eight coloured Pride flag, current students and Alumni of the University of Suffolk were inspired to create short prose, poetry and non-fiction writing influenced by the themes Baker associated with each colour. A powerful collection that emphasises the importance of queer voices in rural settings, such as Suffolk, and the human desire to be heard or seen.

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Plaid has always been a pattern that crosses lines. Closely associated with Scottish clan tartans, plaid material has been unearthed in Central Asian tombs from as far back as 1500 BC. The plaid shown on our Kensington journal cover was collected in France in the 1800s, but looks as though it could have come from last year’s runway collection. So goes the cheeky versatility of plaid!

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A history of the wide range of general and specialist hospitals associated with the University of Birmingham Medical School, set in the broader context of health care in Birmingham. In the middle of the eighteenth century, hospitals were unfamiliar institutions to the inhabitants of most English towns and cities. As early as the late nineteenth century, however, hospitals had become central to both the provision of health care and medical education in most large urban population centres. Drawing on hospital records, the publications of associated medical staff and a wealth of other local documents, Health Care in Birmingham carefully maps the evolution of nine voluntary hospitals, and their associated medical specialities in Birmingham, England over the century and a half before the introduction of the National Health Service, a period that witnessed significant social, economic and cultural change. From the emergence of the town's first General Hospital in 1779, the wealth of this key industrial centre in particular encouraged the development of a full range of medical institutions, including those established to treat afflictions of the bones and joints, eye, ear, teeth and skin, as well as ailments peculiar to women and children. Besides charting the local development of a wide range of specialist fields, Health Care in Birmingham firmly situates each hospital in its local and national contexts. Though greatly reorganised on the eve of the Second World War, these institutions influenced considerably the history and landscape of the city, and continue to do so today. This is the first time their history has been considered collectively in a single volume. Jonathan Reinarz is Director of the Centre for the History of Medicine at the University of Birmingham.

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A complete and practical guide to WCDMA/UMTS cellular network deployment. After introducing the network architecture of such a system, the WCDMA (UMTS) Deployment Handbook defines the coverage and capacity concepts associated with the dimensioning and design phases. Progressing to a discussion of the main system parameters associated with network optimization and detailing optimization techniques for the main services supported by UMTS, and includes the specifics of indoor deployment and HSDPA networks evolution. Covers all stages from planning to optimization with sufficient details as required on a day-to-day basis, and thorough reference information for the reader who wants to understand the concepts in more detail Relevant for daily tasks: The approach taken in this book is similar to the work flow of network planner and optimization engineers, allowing such personnel to easily find the relevant information Written by the company which made CDMA a household name: QUALCOMM was the first company to use CDMA technology for cellular application and is a technical leader in this domain Based on industry feedback: All the contributors to this book have been working in direct interaction with WCDMA operators, throughout the world, since the early days of WCDMA commercial deployment Looking to the future: This book addresses the next level of challenge that WCDMA operators will face - deployment of indoor systems and HSDPA Providing a complete introduction and reference guide to everything associated with the life cycle of a WCDMA/UMTS cellular network, from initial dimensioning through to the successful deployment of indoor solutions, or migration to HSDPA, this book is a must-have for network planners and optimization engineers as well as Telecommunication Engineering students.

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The earliest finds of wheeled vehicles in northern and central Europe date to 3900-3600 BC. However finds (3400–3300 BC) from the Boleráz sites of Arbon/Bleiche 3 and Bad Buchau/Torwiesen II, linked to pile-dwelling settlements, indicate methods of transport typical for higher altitudes (slides, sleds, etc.). The Boleráz and Baden cultures overlap in the Carpathian Basin between 3300–3000 BC and this period seems to have produced transport models that parallel finds in today’s Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, and other regions. These suggest that generally the Boleráz settlers inside the Carpathian Basin did not know, or use, the wheel in the fullest sense. Cart and wheel forms are indicated only from Grave 177 at Budakalász (2800–2600 BC). The Hungarian Baden finds follow the Danube and to the East there are no certain vehicle remains. It is difficult to tell whether the Boleráz finds are linked to the wider Alpine zone, and the Baden finds are perhaps associated with the mixed-culture sites along the eastern slopes of the Carpathians. The four-wheeled wagon was a development linked to the plains and the Steppes (Cucuteni–Tripolje, Pre-Yamnaja, Yamnaja). The nature of the finds relating to vehicles associated with lake and riverine settlements reveal technical and material features: there is evidence of a high degree of carving, if not decoration, and these communities pointed the way for future skills and developments in wheel and cart/wagon manufacture.

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This open access book analyses barriers and challenges associated with the financing of clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa. By considering various economic, financial, political, environmental and social factors, it explores the consequences of energy poverty across the region and maps the real and perceived investment risks for potential capital providers, both domestic and international. Furthermore, it analyses risk mitigation strategies and innovative financing structures available to the public and private sectors, which are aimed at leveraging capital in the clean energy sector at scale and fostering the creation of an enabling business and investment environment.More specifically, the present book analyses how to (i) enhance capital allocation in projects and organisations that foster clean energy access in the region, (ii) mobilize private capital at scale and (iii) decrease the cost of financing through risk mitigation strategies. Going beyond traditional approaches, the book also considers socioeconomic and cultural aspects associated with investment barriers across the subcontinent. Moreover, it urges the public and private spheres to become more actively involved in tackling this pressing development issue, and provides policy recommendations for the public sector, including proposals for business model evolution at multilateral agencies and development institutions. It will appeal to a wide readership of both academics and professionals working in the energy industry, the financial sector and the political sphere, as well as to general readers interested in the ongoing debate about energy, sustainable development and finance.

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Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.New institutional economics (NIE) is a powerful tool for understanding real world phenomena. This Advanced Introduction explores NIE’s answers to fundamental questions about the organization, growth and development of economies, such as why are some countries rich and others poor? Why are activities organized as firms or markets or through alternative organizational solutions? When are shared resources overexploited? Key Features: Elucidates the essence of NIE’s main branches, focusing on thegovernance of transactions and organizations (identified with OliverWilliamson), the fundamental institutional environment (DouglassNorth), and the role of communal institutions and collective action (ElinorOstrom) Explores how NIE has transformed perspectives on collective action, stateand legal institutions, public policy and regulation, and economic growth Extensive references to allow interested readers to dive deeper into specific topics Authored by scholars associated early on with leading figures in NIE and the development of NIE’s research agenda. This Advanced Introduction is an ideal read for advanced students of economics, political science, management, law and sociology interested in learning about new institutional economics. Policy makers, especially those responsible for business and utility regulation and development policy and assistance, will also benefit from this concise yet detailed book.

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Computer Network Simulations Using NS2 provides a solid foundation of computer networking knowledge and skills, covering everything from simple operating system commands to the analysis of complex network performance metrics.The book begins with a discussion of the evolution of data communication techniques and the fundamental issues associated with performance evaluation. After presenting a preliminary overview of simulation and other performance evaluation techniques, the authors: Describe a number of computer network protocols and TCP/IP and OSI models, highlighting the networking devices used Explain a socket and its use in network programming, fostering the development of network applications using C and socket API Introduce the NS2 network simulator, exhibiting its internal architecture, constituent software packages, and installation in different operating systems Delve into simulation using NS2, elaborating on the use of Tcl and OTcl scripts as well as AWK scripting and plotting with Gnuplot Show how to simulate wired and wireless network protocols step by step, layer by layer Explore the idea of simulating very large networks, identifying the challenges associated with measuring and graphing the various network parameters Include nearly 90 example programs, scripts, and outputs, along with several exercises requiring application of the theory and programming Computer Network Simulations Using NS2 emphasizes the implementation and simulation of real-world computer network protocols, affording readers with valuable opportunities for hands-on practice while instilling a deeper understanding of how computer network protocols work.

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In terms of raw numbers, the amount of world urban dwellers have increased four-fold, skyrocketing from 740 million in 1950 to almost 3.3 billion in 2007. This ongoing urbanization will continue to create major security challenges in most countries. Based on contributions from academics and practitioners from countries as diverse as Nigeria, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, and the US, Urbanization, Policing, and Security: Global Perspectives highlights the crime and disorder problems associated with urbanization and demonstrates police and private security responses to those problems.The book draws on the practical experiences of police officials and the academic insights of researchers from around the world to detail the consequences of urbanization — crime, terrorism, disorder, drugs, traffic crashes — as well as modern responses to those problems. Covering studies on major cities in more than 18 countries, this text explores topics such as the role of urbanization in security and global concerns including transnational crime, racial profiling, and information sharing. The book also examines responses to urban problems associated with police and security, including human rights activism and police reform. The problems confronting policing in these times are quite daunting, providing plenty of challenges for police leaders and requiring them to devise increasingly sophisticated solutions. With more than 100 photos and illustrations, the book tackles issues from a different angle. It examines the resources required to solve problems and those necessary to build a knowledge base of policing and the professionalism for police forces.

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Switching in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems presents the issues and technological solutions associated with switching in power systems, from medium to ultra-high voltage. The book systematically discusses the electrical aspects of switching, details the way load and fault currents are interrupted, the impact of fault currents, and compares switching equipment in particular circuit-breakers. The authors also explain all examples of practical switching phenomena by examining real measurements from switching tests. Other highlights include: up to date commentary on new developments in transmission and distribution technology such as ultra-high voltage systems, vacuum switchgear for high-voltage, generator circuit-breakers, distributed generation, DC-interruption, aspects of cable systems, disconnector switching, very fast transients, and circuit-breaker reliability studies. Key features: Summarises the issues and technological solutions associated with the switching of currents in transmission and distribution systems. Introduces and explains recent developments such as vacuum switchgear for transmission systems, SF6 environmental consequences and alternatives, and circuit-breaker testing. Provides practical guidance on how to deal with unacceptable switching transients. Details the worldwide IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) standards on switching equipment, illustrating current circuit-breaker applications. Features many figures and tables originating from full-power tests and established training courses, or from measurements in real networks. Focuses on practical and application issues relevant to practicing engineers. Essential reading for electrical engineers, utility engineers, power system application engineers, consultants and power systems asset managers, postgraduates and final year power system undergraduates.

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