Search results for ""Diffusion""

Im Zentrum des Bandes steht die Frage nach der Diffusion des Humanismus. Von Italien ausgehend, wurde der Humanismus als intellektueller Habitus zu einem gesamteuropäischen Bildungsphänomen der Renaissance. Johannes Helmrath wirft in seinen Aufsätzen Schlaglichter auf zentrale Tätigkeitsfelder der Humanisten - Rhetorik, Geschichtsschreibung und die entstehenden Altertumswissenschaften. Eine Schlüsselfigur ist Enea Silvio Piccolomini (1405 - 1464). Über zwanzig Jahre lebte der Italiener in Deutschland, wirkte auf dem Basler Konzil und dann bis 1455 am Habsburgischen Kaiserhof. Seine lateinischen Briefe und Geschichtswerke wurden modellhaft, so dass man ihn als "Vater des Humanismus" diesseits der Alpen bezeichnet hat. Zurück in Italien wurde er Kardinal und Papst (Pius II, 1458 - 1464).

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By now, planners everywhere know - more or less - what the ingredients of a sustainable city are, in theory. The problem is that only bits of solutions are being implemented in the cities that most need them, the majority of which are located in the Global South. This book examines issues related to policy transfer in urban transport planning in Southeast Asia. The metropolitan regions of four major capitals - Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, and Bangkok - are considered. The book assesses the in-bound and out-bound transfer of sustainable transport planning policies, concepts, and tools. The investigation focuses on who transfers policy and why, what elements of policy are transferred, in what direction and to what degree, and what barriers does transfer face. It also discusses how policy transfer processes in the transportation planning arena can be improved.

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The Asia Pacific has emerged as one of the most dynamic regions in the world, presenting a variety of social and economic experiences and responses to global pressures. In this book twelve country case studies explore the ways in which national science, technology and innovation policies are evolving in response to globalization. The editors argue that the national innovation system (NIS) perspective is driving policy regimes toward new approaches in policy intervention. Underlying the new policy agenda is a concern with reframing the role for science, technology and innovation institutions including higher education and integrating local community, national and global technology objectives.Presenting a broad analysis, the book will be of great interest to policy analysts and practitioners concerned with science, technology and innovation policy. It will also appeal to academic and postgraduate students concerned with innovation and industrial development, as well as scholars and practitioners engaged in regional development and international business in the Asia pacific region.

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This groundbreaking volume examines the rise and spread of suicide attacks over the past decade. Sorting through 1,270 terror strikes between 1981 and 2007, Assaf Moghadam attributes their recent proliferation to the mutually related ascendance of al Qaeda and its guiding ideology, Salafi Jihad, an extreme interpretation of Islam that rejects national boundaries and seeks to create a global Muslim community. In exploring the roots of the extreme radicalization represented by Salafism, Moghadam finds many causes, including Western dominance in the Arab world, the physical diffusion of Salafi institutions and actors, and the element of opportunity created by the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. He uses individual examples from the Middle East, Southwest Asia, and Europe to show how the elite leaders of al Qaeda and affiliated groups and their foot soldiers interact with one another and how they garner support-and a growing number of converts and attackers-from the Muslim community. Based on over a decade of empirical research and a critical examination of existing thought on suicide attacks, Moghadam distinguishes the key characteristics separating globalized suicide strikes from the traditional, localized pattern that previously prevailed. This unflinching analysis provides new information about the relationship between ideology and suicide attacks and recommends policies focused on containing Salafi Jihadism.

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The tale of the combat between the Storm-god and the Sea that began circulating in the early second millennium BCE was one of the most well-known ancient Near Eastern myths. Its widespread dissemination in distinct versions across disparate locations and time periods - Syria, Egypt, Anatolia, Ugarit, Mesopotamia, and Israel - calls for analysis of all the textual variants in order to determine its earliest form, geo-cultural origin, and transmission history. In undertaking this task, Noga Ayali-Darshan examines works such as the Astarte Papyrus, the Pišaiša Myth, the Songs of Hedammu and Ullikummi, the Baal Cycle, Enūma eliš, and pertinent biblical texts. She interprets these and other related writings philologically according to their provenance and comparatively in the light of parallel texts. The examination of this story appearing in all the ancient Near Eastern cultures also calls for a discussion of the theology, literature, and history of these societies and the way they shaped the local versions of the myth.

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The international conference organized by the College of France on April 6-7, 2009, addressed a major theme within Near Eastern ideology: the "Young Hero." Different from those "elders" who were given power by traditionalistic Near Eastern civilizations and whose anthroponymy proudly underlined their eldership, the young hero nonetheless succeeds most of the time, or at least for a time, through his personal gifts as much as the inconstancy of gods who do not always favor the same men. Illustrations are multiform. We chose to show that the theme's typology matched precise criteria within time periods. Over a millennium and a half, each of the different ways of apprehending this figure corresponds to a specific attestation type. It was not possible, even at a regional level, to establish a complete "young hero" typology. Various forms pertaining to romanced myth, most often through epic form, but also to historical discourse, have been studied by our contributors.After a general introduction, the first part deals with historical and literary accounts of the young hero's (un)successful rise to kingship: Samsî-Ãrah, Idrimi, David, Saul and Esarhaddon. The authors then find a section on non-royal young heroes yet depicted by means of royal categories: Samson, Moses and Daniel. Two contributions on Athaliah and Esther deal with the theme of feminine heroism, and a last section focuses on heroic friendships: GilgameÅ and Enkidu, David and Jonathan, Achilles and Patroclus.

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The murder of the Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Becket in 1170 at the hands of trusted men of King Henry II of England had a huge impact on twelfth-century Europe. His violent death was the tragic outcome of a far-reaching conflict between the secular power of European feudal monarchies and the spiritual power of the Church. Following the events, the figure of Becket achieved great notoriety and his cult spread everywhere, also in the Iberian Peninsula, where we find texts and works of art commemorating his martyrdom and sanctification, like the wall paintings of Santa Maria de Terrassa (c. 1180). A painted tragedy unfolds the dissemination of the Thomas Becket cult and illustrates the relations between England and the Iberian Peninsula eight hundred and fifty years ago. Why did Ramon Beren-guer IV entrust his children?s guardianship to the King of England? Did Eleanor Plantagenet, daughter of Henry II, play an active role in promoting the Becket cult in the kingdom of Castile? Was t

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In times of economic turbulence, an organization's ability to learn from its environment and adopt innovations enhances its competitive advantage as well its ability to improve its performance. This book focuses specifically on the contribution learning and innovation in management accounting can contribute to the success of the organization. However, all management accounting innovations may not be successful. The success of an innovation is contingent upon whether the learning and implementation processes have been properly integrated. When they are not, an innovation that has been successful in one organization may fail in another. An integrative framework is developed for studying management accounting process innovations. The framework draws on theories from organizational sociology. It focuses on the impact of the innovation on the organization along two important dimensions. First, to what degree does the innovation alter the organization's management accounting system (labeled as extent)? Second, what portion of the organization is affected by the change (labeled as scope)? We classified these dimensions on a continuum ranging from high or low. This yields a 2x2 contingency framework. The book examines each of the resulting four situations using both Argyris's typology of single and double loop learning as well as the variety of theories used to explain the adoption, or failure to adopt, a particular innovation, e.g., Rogers, Sandberg, in an organization. Recent management accounting innovations such as Activity Based Costing (ABC) and Balanced Scorecard (BSC) are used to illustrate the concepts and examples drawn from organizational practices. ABC and BSC are used as examples of management accounting innovations to illustrate why they are more successful in some organizations but not in others.

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Matt loves going to the pub to watch football and drink with his mates. Actually being in the stadium when the action kicks off is even better. But after a match the crowd can get violent, and soon Matt will have to decide between his love for the game and his love for his daughter. SERIES INFORMATION This page-turning story is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for older teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to improve their reading confidence and tackle longer stories. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Jerry is excited about taking his young son Stevie to watch the big match. But when trouble breaks out between the fans, Jerry and Stevie can’t escape the shouting, fighting and flying glass. And then Stevie gets lost in the crowd. What will Jerry do next? And what will happen to Stevie? SERIES INFORMATION This inspiring story from award-winning author Niall Griffiths is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to practice their reading skills and build up their reading confidence. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Ben and his family are walking in the woods when they are blinded by a dazzling light. Ben wakes up to find they have been abducted by aliens. He and his wife Anne are in a space zoo! But there is no sign of their son Jack, who is in even greater danger from the aliens. Will Ben and Anne be able to escape from the zoo and rescue Jack before it is too late? SERIES INFORMATION This action-packed story from popular author Rob Childs is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to practice their reading skills and build up their reading confidence. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Across the centuries and throughout the world, the Apostles’ Creed has united Christians in affirming the basic beliefs of the faith. Even though it was not actually written by the apostles, the Apostles’ Creed summarises the apostolic teaching about the gospel. This study guide invites you to use the creed to explore the Bible’s central teachings and discover the gospel in a new way.

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Liam loves visiting the local pet shop and is desperate to have his own snake. Then one day, Mr Nash, the owner of the shop, disappears. What has happened to Mr Nash? And how far will Liam go to get what he wants? SERIES INFORMATION This fast-paced story from Carnegie Medal-nominated author Matt Dickinson is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to practice their reading skills and build up their reading confidence. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Barry is trying to get used to life on the outside. All he wants it to make up with his sister and lead a normal life. But with no money, no job and the local drug dealer after him, will Barry be able to keep out of trouble? Bare Freedom, is the sequel to Forty-six Quid and a Bag of Dirty Washing also by Andy Croft. SERIES INFORMATION This page-turning story is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to improve their reading confidence and tackle longer stories. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Barry is looking forward to his first weekend out of prison. Free at last! He has nothing to lose but his £46 discharge grant, a bag of dirty washing, and all the promises he has made to himself when he was inside . . . If you enjoy this book, you can find out what happens to Barry next in the sequel, Bare Freedom. SERIES INFORMATION This page-turning story is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to improve their reading confidence and tackle longer stories. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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This is part of the Prison Literacy Series.Dan has got his life together. He's training as a plumber and he's the star of the local boxing club. But his life wasn't always so good.When Dan is given the chance to get revenge on his abusive dad, will he take it? After all, he'll only get one shot. Can he make it count?

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Josh has everything worked out. He’s got a great scam for ripping off old ladies, he’s still living with his mum, and he can afford all the latest gear. But when he meets the lovely Lisa, she starts asking questions that don’t have good answers. And when the police start nosing around too, Josh begins to realise that a life of crime may not pay after all. SERIES INFORMATION This page-turning story about finding a better path in life is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for teenagers and adults who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to improve their reading confidence and tackle longer stories. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. The books also include discussion and reflection questions that help readers to understand the story and to reflect on their own lives and relationships. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Jason’s life is not going well. He doesn’t have a job and he’s been chucked out of his girlfriend’s flat. When he gets the chance to work on an oil rig, Jason hopes his luck has changed. But there he meets someone from his past who could get him into a whole new world of trouble. Can Jason get his head together and keep out of danger? Or will everything flare up around him and burn down his hopes and dreams? SERIES INFORMATION This inspiring story from Carnegie Medal-nominated author Matt Dickinson is part of the Diffusion books range, written especially for adults and teenagers who want to improve their reading skills. Easy-to-read, with short chapters, the books in the series enable learners to practice their reading skills and build up their reading confidence. They are also a brilliant choice for anyone learning English as an additional language. Flare Up also includes discussion and reflection questions that help to promote mental well-being. It encourages readers to look after their mental health by, for example, thinking positively, exercising, setting themselves goals and sharing problems with someone they trust. It also includes simple mindfulness activities and a calming breathing exercise to help reduce stress and anxiety. Buying this book will support our project to help people in prison improve both their reading skills and their life chances. To find out more visit https://spckpublishing.co.uk/diffusion-books

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Large language models (LLMs) and diffusion models such as ChatGPT and Stable Diffusion have unprecedented potential. With this book, you'll gain a solid foundation in generative AI, including how to apply these models in practice.

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Open Source Software Reliability.- Stochastic Differential Equation Model for OSS Reliability Analysis.- Dimensional Stochastic Differential Equation Model for OSS Reliability Analysis.- Jump Diffusion Process Model for OSS Reliability Analysis.- Cyclically Two Dimensional Stochastic Differential Equation Modeling.- Cyclically Two Dimensional Jump Diffusion Process Modeling.- Three Dimensional Tool Based on Noisy Model.- Deep Learning Method Based on fault big data Analysis for OSS Reliability Assessment.- Deep Learning Approach for OSS Reliability Assessment Considering Wiener Process.- Deep Learning Approach for OSS Reliability Assessment Considering Jump Diffusion Process.- Performance Illustrations of the Developed Application Tool Based on Deep Learning.- Exercise.

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INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR REACTOR PHYSICS is the most comprehensive, modern and readable textbook for this course/module. It explains reactors, fuel cycles, radioisotopes, radioactive materials, design, and operation. Chain reaction and fission reactor concepts are presented, plus advanced coverage including neutron diffusion theory. The diffusion equation, Fisk’s Law, and steady state/time-dependent reactor behavior. Numerical and analytical solutions are also covered. The text has full color illustrations throughout, and a wide range of student learning features.

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Random evolution denotes a class of stochastic processes which evolve according to a rule which varies in time according to jumps. This is in contrast to diffusion processes, which assume that the rule changes continuously with time. Random evolutions provide a very flexible language, having the advantage that they permit direct numerical simulation-which is not possible for a diffusion process. Furthermore, they allow connections with hyperbolic partial differential equations and the kinetic theory of gases, which is impossible within the domain of diffusion proceses. They also posses great geometric invariance, allowing formulation on an arbitrary Riemannian manifold. In the field of stochastic stability, random evolutions furnish some easily computable models in which to study the Lyapunov exponent and rotation numbers of oscillators under the influence of noise. This monograph presents the various aspects of random evolution in an accessible and interesting format which will appeal to a large scientific audience.

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This book redresses the under-representation in existing English-language literature, of the global formation and development of global cities which have been informed by the diffusion of Western ideas and building principles beyond the Western world The modes of diffusion of ideas that shape planned environments, and the ways these ideas are realized, have been gaining prominence as subjects of study and discussion among planning historians and others. Recently, some researchers have begun to approach the relations between actors and stakeholders in the processes of planning diffusion in increasingly complex and ambiguous ways. The natives in developing countries, whether colonial or post-colonial, are now being recognized as full-fledged participants in the shaping of the built environment, with a variety of roles to play and means to play them, even if they frequently face many constraints to their actions. The specific traits of the indigenous are even in question: ultimately, who are the ‘locals’? The research presented here recognises the importance of both provider and recipient as essential and influential entities within this diffusion process. This book raises important conceptual questions as to the identities and roles of the actors involved and looks at the methodological implications for historians and the new challenges that arise from this questioning of a long-standing traditional view.

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Publishing houses are nearly invisible in modernist studies. Looking beyond little magazines and other periodicals, this collection highlights the importance of book publishers in the diffusion of modernism.

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This book argues that Internet diffusion and use in the Middle East enables meaningful micro-changes in citizens lives, even in states where no Arab Spring revolution occurred.

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Recent research on the economics of innovation has acknowledged the importance of path dependence and networks in the evolution of economies and the diffusion of new techniques, products, and processes. These are topics pioneered by Paul A. David, one of the world's leading scholars in the economics of innovation. This outstanding collection provides a fitting tribute to the diversity and depth of Paul David's contributions. The papers included range from simulation models of the evolution of market structure in the presence of innovation, through historical investigations of knowledge networks and empirical analysis of contemporary networks, to the analysis of the diffusion of innovations using simulation and analytic models and of the diffusion of knowledge using patent data.With an emphasis on simulation models, data analysis, and historical evidence, this book will be required reading for researchers in innovation economics and regional development as well as economists, sociologists, and historians of innovation and intellectual property.

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Recent research on the economics of innovation has acknowledged the importance of path dependence and networks in the evolution of economies and the diffusion of new techniques, products, and processes. These are topics pioneered by Paul A. David, one of the world's leading scholars in the economics of innovation. This outstanding collection provides a fitting tribute to the diversity and depth of Paul David's contributions. The papers included range from simulation models of the evolution of market structure in the presence of innovation, through historical investigations of knowledge networks and empirical analysis of contemporary networks, to the analysis of the diffusion of innovations using simulation and analytic models and of the diffusion of knowledge using patent data.With an emphasis on simulation models, data analysis, and historical evidence, this book will be required reading for researchers in innovation economics and regional development as well as economists, sociologists, and historians of innovation and intellectual property.

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Interest in nuclear energy has surged in recent years, yet there are risks that accompany the global diffusion of nuclear power—especially the possibility that the spread of nuclear energy will facilitate nuclear weapons proliferation. In this book, leading experts analyze the tradeoffs associated with nuclear energy and put the nuclear renaissance in historical context, evaluating both the causes and the strategic effects of nuclear energy development. They probe critical issues relating to the nuclear renaissance, including if and how peaceful nuclear programs contribute to nuclear weapons proliferation, whether the diffusion of nuclear technologies lead to an increase in the trafficking of nuclear materials, and under what circumstances the diffusion of nuclear technologies and latent nuclear weapons capabilities can influence international stability and conflict. The book will help scholars and policymakers understand why countries are pursuing nuclear energy and evaluate whether this is a trend we should welcome or fear.

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The main purpose of this book is to remind new engineers in silicon foundry, the fundamental physical and chemical rules in major Front end treatments: oxidation, epitaxy, ion implantation and impurities diffusion.

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Rheology is applied extensively in polymer, chemical, food processing, and related industries. This book combines the basic concepts and applications by presenting a balanced overview of the principles. With simplified analysis of complex problems, the textbook format provides easy understanding for both students and practicing professionals. There is no competing book with such a wide scope, including unique topics such as diffusion, flows about particles, and liquid mixing. This second edition is abundantly updated throughout. Highlights include elongational flow measurements, POM-POM modeling, diffusion and rheology of polymer nanocomposites, new results based on CFD simulations, and much more.

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Recent decades have witnessed a dramatic expansion of management education and practice. At the same time, the formalization of management practice has allowed for a widespread diffusion of management ideas across sectors and continents. This book provides an up-to-date summary of the development, refinement, and diffusion of managerial ideas, adding detail and explanation to commonly held conceptions about the explosion of management knowledge. The contributors contend that management ideas do not flow automatically but are actively shaped and transformed by knowledge carriers—business schools, consultancies, and the media. Drawing on data from worldwide empirical studies, the chapters analyze how such carriers are organized, how they act and react, and how they shape and reshape knowledge. The book places the development and diffusion of management knowledge in a wider environmental and historical context and offers stimulating comparisons of European and American management traditions. The combination of theory and practice will make this book a valuable resource for courses dealing with management, organizational and institutional theory, and globalization.

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For the student and general reader, a tour of the digital universe that offers critical observations and new perspectives on human communication and intelligence. Traces the development and diffusion of digital information and communication technologies, providing an analysis of trans-cultural effects among developed and developing nations Provides a balanced analysis of the pros and cons of the adoption and diffusion of digital technologies Explores privacy, censorship, the digital divide, online games, and virtual and augmented realities Follows a thematic structure, allowing readers to access the text at any point, based on their interests Accompanying resources provide a wealth of related online content Selected by Choice as a 2013 Outstanding Academic Title

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Written by an international team of leading scholars, this groundbreaking reference work explores the nature of language change and diffusion, and paves the way for future research in this rapidly expanding interdisciplinary field. Features 35 newly-written essays from internationally acclaimed experts that reflect the growth and vitality of the burgeoning area of historical sociolinguistics Examines how sociolinguistic theoretical models, methods, findings, and expertise can be used to reconstruct a language's past in order to explain linguistic changes and developments Bridges the gap between the past and the present in linguistic studies Structured thematically into sections exploring: origins and theoretical assumptions; methods for the sociolinguistic study of the history of languages; linguistic and extra-linguistic variables; historical dialectology, language contact and diffusion; and attitudes to language

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A new edition of the lavishly illustrated guide to brain structure and function This atlas is an outstanding single-volume resource of information on the structure and function of specific areas of the brain. Updated to reflect the latest technology using 3 Tesla MR images, this edition has been enhanced with new functional MRI studies as well as a new section on diffusion tensor imaging with three-dimensional reconstructions of fiber tracts using color coding to demonstrate neural pathways. Highlights: Glossary of neuroanatomic structures and definitions provides the reader with a foundation in structures, function, and functional relationships High-quality images are divided into five sections, including Sagittal MRI views, Axial MRI views, Coronal MRI views, Fiber-Tracking Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and Three-Dimensional MRI views Icons rapidly orient the reader with the location of each view or the diffusion pathway This book eliminates the need to sift through multiple books for the current information on the structure and function of the brain. It is invaluable for clinicians in radiology, neuroradiology, neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry, psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroanatomy. The atlas is also ideal for medical students, nursing students, and individuals seeking to gain a firm understanding of human brain anatomy and function.

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Generative AI is the hottest topic in tech. This practical book teaches machine learning engineers and data scientists how to use TensorFlow and Keras to create impressive generative deep learning models from scratch, including variational autoencoders (VAEs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), Transformers, normalizing flows, energy-based models, and denoising diffusion models. The book starts with the basics of deep learning and progresses to cutting-edge architectures. Through tips and tricks, you'll understand how to make your models learn more efficiently and become more creative. Discover how VAEs can change facial expressions in photos Train GANs to generate images based on your own dataset Build diffusion models to produce new varieties of flowers Train your own GPT for text generation Learn how large language models like ChatGPT are trained Explore state-of-the-art architectures such as StyleGAN2 and ViT-VQGAN Compose polyphonic music using Transformers and MuseGAN Understand how generative world models can solve reinforcement learning tasks Dive into multimodal models such as DALL.E 2, Imagen, and Stable Diffusion This book also explores the future of generative AI and how individuals and companies can proactively begin to leverage this remarkable new technology to create competitive advantage.

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Laurence Broers shows how more than 20 years of dynamic territorial politics, shifting power relations, international diffusion and unsuccessful mediation efforts have contributed to the resilience of the Armenian Azerbaijani conflict for control of the mountainous territory of Nagorny Karabakh.

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Introduction to Percolation.- One-dimensional Percolation.- Infinite-dimensional Percolation.- Finite-dimensional Percolation.- Geometry of Clusters.-  Finite Size Scaling.- Renormalization.- Subset Geometry.- Flow in Disordered Media.- Elastic Properties of Disordered Media.- Diffusion in Disordered Media.- Dynamic Processes in Disordered Media.- References.- Index.

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ScaleDreamer: Scalable Text-to-3D Synthesis with Asynchronous Score Distillation.- SINDER: Repairing the Singular Defects of DINOv2.- SEA-RAFT: Simple, Efficient, Accurate RAFT for Optical Flow.- Learning Differentially Private Diffusion Models via Stochastic Adversarial Distillation.- General and Task-Oriented Video Segmentation.- VISAGE: Video Instance Segmentation with Appearance-Guided Enhancement.- LiFT: A Surprisingly Simple Lightweight Feature Transform for Dense ViT Descriptors.- ControlNet++: Improving Conditional Controls with Efficient Consistency Feedback.- TF-FAS: Twofold-Element Fine-Grained Semantic Guidance for Generalizable Face Anti-Spoofing.- Prompting Future Driven Diffusion Model for Hand Motion Prediction.- Defect Spectrum: A Granular Look of Large-scale Defect Datasets with Rich Semantics.- Unveiling Advanced Frequency Disentanglement Paradigm for Low-Light Image Enhancement.- RAPiD-Seg: Range-Aware Pointwise Distance Distribution Networks for 3D LiDAR Segment

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Written by an international team of leading scholars, this groundbreaking reference work explores the nature of language change and diffusion, and paves the way for future research in this rapidly expanding interdisciplinary field. Features 35 newly-written essays from internationally acclaimed experts that reflect the growth and vitality of the burgeoning area of historical sociolinguistics Examines how sociolinguistic theoretical models, methods, findings, and expertise can be used to reconstruct a language's past in order to explain linguistic changes and developments Bridges the gap between the past and the present in linguistic studies Structured thematically into sections exploring: origins and theoretical assumptions; methods for the sociolinguistic study of the history of languages; linguistic and extra-linguistic variables; historical dialectology, language contact and diffusion; and attitudes to language

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