Search results for ""edward elgar""

With social inequity in urban spaces becoming an increasing concern in our modern world, A Companion to Transport, Space and Equity explores the relationships between transport and social equity. Transport systems and infrastructure investment can lead to inequitable travel behaviours, with certain socio-demographic groups using particular parts of the transport system and accessing particular activities and opportunities. Employing international case studies to scrutinise the spatial and social equity impacts of transport systems and infrastructure, the contributors bring together wide-ranging empirical research to fill in the lacunae on social equity. This nuanced and comprehensive Companion examines transport investments, and related changes in accessibility, urban form and development, house prices and gentrification to better understand the complex relationships between transport and social equity. Drawing together competing perspectives, this book highlights the range and dimensions of the debate, the complexity and tensions, and the progression of the argument over time. Provocative and comprehensive, this book will serve as an impressive guide for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as offering a detailed reference point for researchers and academics working on urban social equity. Consultants and policy makers overseeing transport infrastructure, city planning and wider public policy will also benefit from this book's rigorous empirical approach to transport impacts.

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This unique book examines whether there is sufficient human rights accountability for undertakings supported by bilateral state development and export credit agencies. In contrast to leading international development and financial actors such as the World Bank, the accountability of bilateral development and export credit agencies has, to date, remained widely unexplored. This book analyses the effectiveness of the human rights system in allowing affected individuals to claim accountability for human rights violations resulting from bilateral development and export credit agency supported undertakings. It provides a comprehensive examination of development and export credit agencies' legal nature and explores three legal pathways open to claimants: host state responsibility, home state responsibility and corporate responsibility. Furthermore, it includes empirical data on the corporate responsibility process in seven agencies. Barbara Linder concludes that there is a significant human rights accountability gap with regards to bilateral development and export credit agency supported undertakings. The final chapters make recommendations for strengthening human rights accountability and improving access to justice for adversely affected individuals. Academics and professional lawyers working at the intersection of human rights, development cooperation and investment will find this a compelling body of work. The book provides information on existing case law, highlights human rights accountability gaps and outlines illustrative case studies that will act as a valuable point of reference.

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This research review discusses some of the most essential papers encompassing agglomeration economies. Agglomeration economies are manifested in cities and industry clusters shaping the neighborhoods and the regions that contain them. The review analyses econometric methods and data improvements, geographic scales at which agglomeration economies operate, micro-neighborhoods and mega-regions. The author also uncovers the forces driving the field including labor markets, input markets and dynamic phenomena such as innovation, technology change and growth.

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This comprehensive volume of the Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law provides an overview of the major elements of energy law from a global perspective. Based on an in-depth analysis of the energy chain, it offers insight into the impacts of climate change and environmental issues on energy law and the energy sector. This timely reference work highlights the need for modern energy law to consider environmental impacts and promote the use of clean energy sources, whilst also safeguarding a reliable and affordable energy supply.Featuring 65 entries written by leading international scholars and practitioners in the field, the volume is organised into eight thematic parts, each focusing on a specific area of the energy sector. Topics covered include international energy cooperation, the regulation and governance of energy markets, legal regimes governing renewable energy sources, regulation of the transport and supply of energy, consumer protection, and energy savings mechanisms.Providing an authoritative analysis of key developments in this significant area of law, this volume will be an invaluable resource for researchers, academics and students. Its insights into governance and regulation in the sector will also prove useful to practitioners and policymakers.

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All Fall Down traces the ways in which changes in financial structure and regulation eroded monetary control and led to historically high levels of debt relative to GDP in both developed and emerging economies. Rising stocks of debt drove the global financial system into crisis in 2008 when households, businesses, financial institutions and the public sector in some countries strained to generate sufficient income for debt service. The stagnation and fall in asset prices that followed began the process of unwinding that led to a run on the financial sector by the financial sector. This engaging examination describes critical developments that changed the structure of US financial markets as well as developments and innovations in US credit markets that created the context for crisis. It discusses the advent of dollar hegemony, the critical role of international reserves in generating credit, the emergence of the debt bubble in the 1980s and the mounting risks of debt in the new millennium. The author also proposes a systemic approach to monetary control, offering two new reform proposals. The analysis concludes that reforms are needed in order to support sustainable economic activity in the US and global economies. This volume will appeal to students and scholars of economics interested in international finance and banking, financial regulation and monetary policy implementation. It will also be of interest to business economists, lawyers, policymakers and journalists concerned with the effects of financial instability and involved in ongoing debates on financial and monetary reform.

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Urban planners in developed countries are pushing hard for closer integration of land use and transport. At the same time, gaps in knowledge and understanding are becoming more apparent, as the traditional focus has been on the shape of the city, rather than how it functions as a place to live and visit. How Great Cities Happen addresses this challenge by developing a wider, all-encompassing agenda for more productive, inclusive and sustainable cities. This book's innovative approach to land use and transport planning covers such issues as: urban planning for productivity growth; social inclusion and wellbeing (including what makes a great city for children); and environmental sustainability. Extensive discussions of affordable housing and analyses of funding opportunities for increased investment in urban public transport are also provided. In addition, the book offers a review of the governance frameworks that can best integrate top-down strategic thinking and bottom-up approaches into a more holistic strategy. The authors adopt a meticulous yet non-technical approach, grounded in a blend of academic and real-world experience of cities. The work will appeal to students in urban planning, policy, economics, transport economics and social and environmental policy. Professional planners and urban policymakers will also benefit from the strong policy orientation.

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Amidst rapid and fundamental shifts in the economic, geo-political, technological, and societal landscape, this cutting-edge book makes the timeless case that research can be informed by problems in the 'real world' and make important contributions to theory and practice.Throughout the book, the authors argue that there is a 'sweet spot' where both scholarly and practical research can be done simultaneously. It offers readers insightful and rich examples of how this can be achieved, including frameworks, examples, ideas, and tools which will guide researchers in the lifelong task of defining themselves as researchers and crafting their own unique research practice. It also features critical insights into careers oriented toward having impact on practice, reflective questions that make the principles personal and relevant, and a framework to help develop the network of connections required for research to impact practice.Speaking to the graduate student in all of us, How to Do Relevant Research will greatly benefit Ph.D. students and early career academics who gravitate towards this kind of research but worry about its feasibility and instrumentality, mid-to-late career scholars who do research for practice and teach young scholars how to do it, and to researchers in a think-tank or consultancy who want their work to be scientifically sound and practically useful.

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This thoroughly revised and extended second edition of the groundbreaking Rethinking Leadership builds on Donna Ladkin's entirely new approach to understanding leadership as a lived experience rather than a checklist of traits or behaviors. Alongside selected expert contributors, the author makes complex ideas accessible by illustrating them with practical examples drawn from a broad experience of both academic leadership and management across a range of commercial, political and not-for-profit organizations. New chapters explore the lived experience of women leaders, how leaders might make responsible judgments, how power works within leadership relations, how business leadership differs from political leadership, and the need for leaders to be more 'human'. Featuring up-to-date examples of how its ideas can be applied, the book offers a way to engage with the complexity and unpredictability of leadership as a phenomenon, at a time when effective, wise leadership is needed more than ever. Leadership scholars and doctoral level students will benefit from this book's novel philosophical perspective on leadership theorizing. Its discussion of a variety of accessible case studies that illustrate key ideas will also prove useful to all postgraduate leadership students. Contributors: R.A. Gardiner, D. Ladkin, C. O'Neill, P. Salovaara, T. Switzer

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Global Private International Law is a groundbreaking casebook, combining the expertise of over sixty international and interdisciplinary contributors who analyze key legal proceedings in order to provide a comprehensive study of the impact of globalisation on the law.Providing a unique and clearly structured tool, this book presents an authoritative collection of carefully selected global case studies. Some of these are considered global due to their internationally relevant subject matter, whilst others demonstrate the blurring of traditional legal categories in an age of accelerated cross-border movement. The study of the selected cases in their political, cultural, social and economic contexts sheds light on the contemporary transformation of law through its encounter with conflicting forms of normativity and the multiplication of potential fora.Key Features: the specific global scope allows the reader to gain a contextualised understanding of legal transformation each case has two commentaries from different viewpoints, ensuring a nuanced perspective on the implications of the global turn in private international law and its importance for adjudication an astute combination of theory and practice ensures readers gain an understanding of the relevance of innovative legal theories in interpreting concrete cases in a changing world comparative material and ground-breaking analysis make this book eminently suitable for use with students and a useful tool for researchers and courts confronted with novel topics or issues.

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Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. Presenting cutting-edge thoughts on media economics, its history and development, and looking forward to its future, this timely book investigates the changing face of the field. With contributions from some of the most prominent media economics scholars in the world, this provocative and visionary Research Agenda covers theory development, consumer and audience demand, information and cultural goods, and technological dimensions. Chapters explore globalization, industry organization, social and ethical aspects of media firms, new media viability and the historical eras of media economics. Presenting a range of streams of inquiry and topics needing more study and development, this Research Agenda looks at new and innovative ways to stimulate thought around key research questions and designs. PhD students and scholars of media studies and media economics will benefit from the expansion of basic concepts, theories and methods found in this key book. It will also be critical reading for media professionals looking to understand more about the impact and importance of contemporary media relations. Contributors include: A.B. Albarran, Á. Arrese, M. Barrett, A.J. Coffey, C.A. Hollifield, W.-y. Hsu, C. Kolo, Y.-l. Liu, M. Medina, B.I. Mierzejewska, M.E. Gutiérrez-Rentería, U. Rohn, A. Sánchez-Tabernero, C. Shao, X. Zhang

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Analysing the aural background of everyday spaces, this book explores the role and processes of sound in daily life in a range of contexts. Sounding Places questions how sound comes to be a meaningful ingredient in the microgeographies of place-making, how it contributes to shaping a variety of embodied and spatially situated experiences, and how such aspects can be harnessed methodologically. These topics contribute to broader debates on the relations between representation and the non- or more-than-representational that are taking place across the social sciences and humanities in the wake of the cultural turn. Using creative approaches, this multidisciplinary book brings together the work of international scholars to enrich our understanding of the more-than-representational registers of sound and sonic experiences. Social science scholars focusing on human geography, social psychology, music and cultural studies will find this to be a beneficial read. It will also prove to be a useful tool for urban planners and policy-makers interested in the use of sound and music in public environments.

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Dependent self-employment is widely perceived as a rapidly growing form of precarious work conducted by marginalised lower-skilled workers subcontracted by large corporations. Unpacking a comprehensive survey of 35 European countries, Colin C. Williams and Ioana Alexandra Horodnic map the lived realities of the distribution and characteristics of dependent self-employment to challenge this broad and erroneous perception. Featuring rigorous empirical research, Dependent Self-Employment moves beyond the reliance on anecdotal evidence to fill in gaping lacunae in our understanding of employment. Reporting on the European Working Conditions Survey of 2015, this impressive book provides a crucial contribution to our understanding of dependent self-employment in the 21st century, challenging not only academic perceptions, but also depictions of work in the media and political discourse. The authors expertly navigate the 'grey zone' of defining dependent self-employment, embracing the spectrum of employment relationships and outlining the limits to the rights and authority of the dependently self-employed. Bold and comprehensive, this timely book offers critical insight for researchers at all levels exploring the nature and distribution of employment in Europe. Given the current public debates on the platform economy, this book will also prove useful for practitioners and policy-makers in labour inspectorates, tax administrations and social security institutions worldwide.

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This comprehensive Research Handbook provides insights into entrepreneurship across a range of country contexts, migration corridors and national policies to provide a collection of conceptual, empirical and policy-focused findings addressing transnational diaspora entrepreneurship. Chapters illustrate the phenomenon, considering what it is, how it works and how it is regulated.Contributions from top scholars in the field underline the view that transnational diaspora entrepreneurship is a socio-cultural as well as an economic phenomenon of increasing worldwide relevance in shifting economic, technological and political landscapes. Conceptual and methodological developments are presented from multiple perspectives, embedding unique country- and- context-based empirical research. Split into four key thematic sections, this Research Handbook first provides readers with an overview of the topic, before delving into country-specific case studies, migration corridors and their impacts, and then finally exploring the policy implications.Entrepreneurship scholars and students—particularly those with a focus on global entrepreneurship, diasporas, migration and international entrepreneurship—will find this a timely and important read. It will also be of value to administrators of entrepreneurial and migration programs, business developers, investment and startup agencies, diaspora organisations, NGOs and think-tanks.

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There has been an exponential growth in international environmental treaty-making over the past fifty years, to the point of 'treaty congestion' - with a total of more than 1,300 multilateral (global and regional) agreements on the topic and close to 3,000 bilateral ones currently in force. This research review addresses this phenomenon from a variety of disciplinary perspectives: international law, political science, and 'ecological economics'. The objective is comparative analysis, with a view to identifying common features and common problems of transnational environmental regimes, in light of their historical evolution, their application and effectiveness in practice, and possible lessons learned in their institutional 'interplay' with each other.

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Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. Over the past 20 years, the concept of creative industries has become a widely recognised policy paradigm adopted in numerous countries, agencies and educational institutions around the world. A Research Agenda for Creative Industries probes the key issues that will help to advance research into creative industries as a productive and innovative intervention in public policy. Issues addressed include how much should a research agenda for creative industries be policy-oriented? How workable is the so-called triple bottom line rationale for creative industries? What innovative theories, research approaches and methods are called for in advancing a creative industries agenda? With contributions from leading scholars, policy and industry specialists, this interdisciplinary Research Agenda will be a vital resource for students and academics working in the fields of communication, culture, film and media, geography, business and policy studies, and Internet and social media studies.

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'Whereas the existing literature generally studies small-scale commons, this challenging book boldly - and successfully - engages in extrapolating this cooperation-based governance model to global resources. From democratic perspectives to institutional construction, its many contributions, written by prominent scholars in the field of commons or international law, critically introduce and renew the radical notion of commons and collective action by citizens, as vehicles for democratization, in global governance and international public law.'- Séverine Dusollier, Sciences Po Law School, France'Can we devise new systems of law and governance to support commons at the global level? This thoughtful collection of essays explores how we might address this vital challenge for humanity in the years ahead.'- David Bollier, Schumacher Center for a New Economics, USGiven the new-found importance of the commons in current political discourse, it has become increasingly necessary to explore the democratic, institutional and legal implications of the commons for global governance today. This book analyses and explores the ground-breaking model of the commons and its relation to these debates. Featuring original contributions from renowned scholars across the globe and analysis of Elinor Ostrom's fundamental work, this interdisciplinary book is organized into three main areas of inquiry: the commons as vehicles for the democratization of global governance, the role played by commons-based institutions in global governance and a more normative interrogation around what international law ought to look like to support the commons. Provocative and critical ideas about the current system of global governance act as a stimulus to explore further research and activism in the commons.The first of its kind to offer a specific focus on the commons and global governance, this much-needed book will prove invaluable for academics in the humanities and social sciences including economists, political philosophers, political scientists and legal scholars. It will also appeal to policy-makers, concerned members of civil society and commons activists.Contributors include: M. Bauwens, M. Beerkens, C. Boonen, N. Brando, J. Brunnée, S. Cogolati, C. Crombez, P. Dardot, T. De Moor, H. De Schutter, O. De Schutter, M. Deleixhe, T.R. Eimer, M. Groff, R. Hagen, S. Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen, U. Mattei, P. Sauvêtre, J. Wouters

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This book explores questions of transnational private legal theory in the context of the external dimension of EU private law. The interaction between existing theories of transnational ordering and the external reach of European Regulatory Private Law is articulated through the examination of what are found to be the three major proxies of transnational private ordering: private standards, contracts and codes. Chapters survey the absence of jurisdictional restrictions in the transnational space and how the EU is arguably shaping transnational private governance to pursue regulatory aims. These regulatory endeavours span not only institutional structures and substantive rules but also the values that inform them. Leading contributors provide insights into a broad range of transnational governance considerations, from the standardization of the internet and contracts in energy exchanges to private food safety standards. The Role of the EU in Transnational Legal Ordering will be of interest to students and scholars working in the areas of EU law, regulatory law, international law, transnational governance, and private law. EU law practitioners and policy-makers will also find the analysis of key elements of EU regulation beneficial. Contributors include: C. Busch, M. Cantero Gamito, L. de Almeida, T. Juutilainen, A. Marcacci, M. Mataija, H.-W. Micklitz, M. Paz de la C. de los Mozos, K. Pijl, G. Spindler, R. Vallejo, R. van Gestel, P. van Lochem, P. Verbruggen, B. Warwas

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What is effective legislation? Can lawmakers around the world improve the effectiveness of their laws? And if yes, how? Designing Effective Legislation analyses legislative effectiveness in theory and practice and concludes that effective laws can be engineered through the use of particular design and drafting techniques. Employing a clear and logical structure, the author demonstrates that four elements, that exist in every law, are paramount to effectiveness: purpose, content, context and results. A clear purpose sets a benchmark for what a law aims to achieve; well designed and communicated content ensures that the law has the mechanics required to achieve the desired results; laws that integrate harmoniously the legal system ensure coherence and the lack of contradiction; and results determine what has been achieved and whether this corresponds to initial intentions. By examining these four elements in unity and addressing the particular challenges involved in their design and drafting, lawmakers can secure the basic foundations of an effective law. Providing an in in-depth analysis of the concept of legislative effectiveness this book will be relevant to academics and researchers working in the fields of legislative studies, theory of law, regulation and the sociology of law but also to legal practitioners, policy makers and legislative drafters involved in the design or reform of legislation worldwide.

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Democratic governments are increasingly under pressure from populists, and distrust of governmental authority is on the rise. Economic causes are often blamed. Making a 21st Century Constitution proposes instead that constitutions no longer provide the kind of support that democracies need in today's conditions, and outlines ways in which reformers can rectify this.Frank Vibert addresses key sources of constitutional obsolescence, identifies the main challenges for constitutional updating and sets out the ways in which constitutions may be made suitable for the the 21st century. The book highlights the need for reformers to address the deep diversity of values in today's urbanized societies, the blind spots and content-lite nature of democratic politics, and the dispersion of authority among new chains of intermediaries.This book will be invaluable for students of political science, public administration and policy, law and constitutional economics. Its analysis of how constitutions can be made fit for purpose again will appeal to all concerned with governance, practitioners and reformers alike.

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Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary.This incisive Research Agenda for Governance draws together unique contributions from leading scholars to examine the two distinct models of governance: the traditional model, based on the state and exercise of control through law and bureaucracy, and an alternative model centred on the collaboration of public and private sector actors.Introducing the essential principles and rationale of these alternative models of governance, both of which can be seen operating at all levels of government in democratic as well as non-democratic regimes, the chapters evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the two systems. Drawing conclusions from critical areas of inquiry, including multi-level governance, the nature of governance in democratic and authoritarian regimes, and digital innovations in governance, the book offers a richly detailed insight into the respective workings of the models of governing by control and by collaboration.This Research Agenda will be an invaluable resource for academics and graduate students of public policy, regulation and governance, and public administration management. Its measured consideration of the possibilities for enhancing public innovation via alternative models of governance will also be of significant interest to employees within the public sector.

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This timely book reveals how policies of childcare and early childhood education influence children's circumstances and the daily lives of families with children. Examining how these policies are approached, it focuses particularly on the issues and pitfalls related to equal access. Chapters explore early childhood education and care policies in different social and geographical contexts, highlighting the different ways in which stakeholders - including parents, administrators and policy makers - approach issues of equality. The book further analyses what is meant by, and expected of, early childhood education and care in society and how this varies between nations. Key case studies in the context of liberal, conservative and universal approaches to welfare are used to show the broad differences between them, problematizing the notion of equal access. Social policy, family studies and sociology scholars will appreciate the new insights into the question of the equality of societies offered in this book. It will also prove incisive for researchers looking at the family and early childhood education, as well as for politicians and administrators working in the field.

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The Handbook of Research on Identity Theory in Marketing features cutting-edge research that delves into the origins and consequences of identity loyalty and organizes these insights around five basic identity principles that span nearly every consumer marketing subdomain. The Handbook explores [1] what makes an identity come to mind [2] what creates strong associations between identities and products [3] how consumers use brands to verify who they are or want to become [4] how consumption enhances or resolves conflict amongst identities and [5] how marketing and consumption becomes particularly relevant to particular identities. Each of these five principles are fully analyzed by a who's who of world-class international marketing scholars. This Handbook is a comprehensive and state of the art treatment of identity and marketing: An authoritative and practical guide for academics, brand managers, marketers, public policy advocates and even intellectually curious consumers. Contributors include: J. Angle, K. Aquino, J.J. Argo, A. Barasch, D.A. Briley, L.N. Chaplin, S. Chen, N.V. Coleman, S. Connors, S.W. Dagogo-Jack, D.W. Dahl, S. Danziger, K.G. DeMarree, K. Diehl, S.L. Dommer, L. Dunn, K.M. Durante, J. Edson Escalas, I. Gallo, T. Gaustad, M. Graso, L. Grewal, V. Griskevicius, G.R. Henderson, T. Hill, K.C. Husemann, G.V. Johar, A.C. Jones, K. Jung, K.L. Kettle, C. Lamberton, J. Laran, C. Lelchuk, E. Leung, T.M. Lowrey, B. McFerran, R. Mehta, A.C. Morales, H. Nikolova, E. Ok, J.G. Olson, G. Paolacci, A.W. Perkins, S. Puntoni, T. Rank-Christman, R. Scott, J. Shang, L.J. Shrum, B. Simpson, K. Spangenberg, A.T. Stephen, L. Weiss, S.C. Wheeler, K. White, K. Wilcox, K.P. Winterich, L. Xu, G. Zauberman

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Based on a survey of more than 6,700 top civil servants in 17 European countries, this book explores the impacts of New Public Management (NPM)-style reforms in Europe from a uniquely comparative perspective. It examines and analyses empirical findings regarding the dynamics, major trends and tools of administrative reforms, with special focus on the diversity of top executives' perceptions about the effects of those reforms. Resulting from research funded by the European Commission, this book is an ambitious, comprehensive portrait of public administration in the central European bureaucracies after more than three decades of NPM reforms and in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. The chapters present extensive data on single countries but invaluably take a comparative approach, presenting a broad, explorational perspective.Public Administration Reforms in Europe is an indispensable resource for researchers, practitioners and students in a variety of social science areas, especially public administration, public policy and public management.Contributors include: J. M. Alonso, R. Andrews, P. Bezes, R. Boyle, M.E. Cardim, J. Clifton, D. Díaz-Fuentes, J. Downe, N. Ejersbo, F. Ferrè, D. Galli, C. Greve, V. Guarneros-Meza, G. Hajnal, G. Hammerschmid, K. Huxley, G. Jeannot, S. Jilke, P. Lægreid, S. Leixnering, F. Longo, R.E. Meyer, L. Mota, V. Nakrosis, S.A. Öberg, E. Ongaro, A. Oprisor, L. Pereira, T. Randma-Liiv, R. Rauleckas, L.H. Rykkja, K. Sarapuu, L. Sarkute , R. Savi, A. Schikowitz, R. Snapstiene, T. Steen, V. Stimac, S. Van de Walle, J. van der Voet, T. Virtanen, U. Weske, H. Wockelberg

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Groundwater amounts to 97% of available global freshwater resources. Emphasising the crucial importance of this in the context of increasing population, climate change and the overall global water crisis, Francesco Sindico offers a comprehensive study of the emerging body of international law applicable to transboundary aquifers.Adopting a scenario-based approach, this much-needed book analyses a diverse set of transboundary aquifer agreements and arrangements. With just a handful of such agreements and arrangements around the world, it demonstrates how identifying a normative roadmap for countries that want to begin jointly managing a transboundary aquifer is of paramount importance. Offering an in-depth exploration into the ILC Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers, it provides insight into how this body of law is evolving, and discusses its relation to customary international law.Academics and researchers interested in international water law, environmental law and public international law more widely will find this a unique and compelling work, whilst the book’s practical approach will also make it a useful tool for transboundary aquifer professionals and wider stakeholders working in governments and public bodies dealing with water management around the world.

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This groundbreaking book analyzes how the ecology of taxation is fundamental for the success or failure of tax systems. It specifically focuses on the role of the ecological environment on taxation; the factors that determine the ecology of taxation; and how the ecology of taxation has changed and may continue to evolve. Income taxes operate well in highly industrialized countries, characterized by large enterprises, modern accounting, thousands of workers and tangible products. There are great difficulties, however, when they operate in countries with higher levels of informality. Vito Tanzi addresses this effect and the influence of economic structure; the income distribution; globalization; technology; and various other main elements that determine the ecology of taxation. The implicit, important conclusion is that there are no permanent or universal optimal tax theories: all theories are related to this ecology. Students of taxation from various fields and economists interested in taxation and public finance will appreciate this book's new perspective on success and failure of taxes and tax systems. It will also serve as a useful resource for tax historians, policy experts, teachers, and tax theorists.

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The rapid and formative rise in research on social innovation and entrepreneurship means that theoretical frameworks are still being created, while traditional notions of economic efficiency and social welfare are tested. The field is progressing fastest in the measurement and measuring of social entrepreneurial effectiveness. Social innovators, who draw from philanthropy, as well as capital markets, for financial resources, have adopted the lean start up as a paradigm for their organization logics. This collection showcases the myriad emerging philosophical, methodological, and theoretical approaches, many of which are led by practitioners. It is organized into five sections. The first section reports on theoretical approaches to researching sustainable entrepreneurship that are less familiar. The second section reports on research focusing on the entrepreneurial responses to problems of climate change. The third and fourth sections report on research investigating social entrepreneurial processes, and how opportunities are formed and exploited. The fifth section reports on the ethical dimensions of social innovation.Researchers, scholars, educators and policymakers will find this book a useful reference, with novel ideas for future research and discourse.Contributors include: S.G.S. Abdelgawad, P. Bruner, R. Cortina-Cruz, M. Cortina-Mercado, R. Defiebre-Muller, P.F. Diochon, A.G. Earle, H.D. Fountaine, R. Harrison, R.T. Herko, K. Joensuu, K. Kaesehage, L. Katz, M. Leyshon, S. Lopez-Palau, M. Mäkelä, S.D. Ocampo, T. Onkila, M. Pasquini, B. Rivera-Cruz, M.A. Tietz, Y.W. Turell, D. van der Horst, F.I. Viola, D. Windsor, M. Zhang

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Thinking Differently about Leadership asks why and how we have come to understand leadership in the way we now do, and the consequences which arise from these understandings. Its critical interrogation of Classical Greek, Medieval and modern social scientific ideas reveals that troubling assumptions and problematic expectations are key features of leadership theorizing both in the past and today. By tracing developments in leadership thought over time, this book reveals the influence of ideas from the past on current thinking, inviting reflection on what we now seek from leaders and followers. Its unique, multi-faceted analysis identifies non-scientific factors which have profoundly influenced the development of leadership science in the modern era. Arguing that conventional understandings of leadership today are deeply problematic, the book examines why we ought to think differently about leadership and offers an approach for so doing. The book offers a framework for leadership theory-building which readers can use to apply to their own context, making it an ideal resource for critical management and leadership scholars as well as students and practitioners who will value its novel focus and perspective.

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'El libro de S.I. Strong, Katia Fach Gómez y Laura Carballo Piñeiro sigue la estructura de algunos textos clásicos de Derecho Comparado, como los de Rudolf Schelsinger y John Henry Merryman, cotejando los elementos generales de los dos grandes sistemas jurídicos del Derecho Civil y el Common Law, analizando las semejanzas y diferencias de ambos sistemas con un fin eminentemente práctico: atender a las necesidades de aquellos que trabajan cruzando las fronteras lingüísticas para analizar un análisis comparado.'- Rodrigo Polanco Lazo, Universidad de Chile and Universidad de Berna, Suiza Comparative Law for Spanish-English Lawyers (Derecho Comparado para Abogados Anglo- e Hispanoparlantes) provides lawyers and law students who are conversationally fluent in both Spanish and English with the information and skills needed to undertake comparative legal research in their second language and facilitate communication with colleagues and clients in that language.Key features include: fully Spanish-English bilingual enables lawyers to develop the broad practical skills critical to success in today's increasingly international legal market covers a variety of substantive and procedural areas of law and includes information on legal and business practices in a number of English- and Spanish-speaking jurisdictions contextualizes information about foreign legal systems and develops readers' linguistic and legal skills through both immersion and instruction. Suitable for use by both individuals and groups, helping practitioners, academics and law students at any stage of their professional development, this book is perfect for anyone who wishes to move from conversational fluency in a second language to legal fluency.Comparative Law for Spanish English Lawyers / Derecho comparado para abogados anglo- e hispanoparlantes, escrita en inglés y español, persigue potenciar las habilidades lingüísticas y los conocimientos de derecho comparado de sus lectores. Con este propósito, términos y conceptos jurídicos esenciales son explicados al hilo del análisis riguroso y transversal de selectas jurisdicciones hispano- y angloparlantes. El libro pretende con ello que abogados, estudiantes de derecho y traductores puedan trabajar en una segunda lengua con solvencia y consciencia de las diferencias jurídicas y culturales que afectan a las relaciones con abogados y clientes extranjeros. La obra se complementa con ejercicios individuales y en grupo que permiten a los lectores reflexionar sobre estas divergencias.

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A Guide to State Succession in International Investment Law is the first work of its kind to provide a comprehensive analysis of State succession issues arising in the context of international investment law. The book examines the legal consequences in the field of investor-State arbitration arising from the disappearance or the creation of a State, or from a transfer of territory between States. Specifically, it analyses whether a successor State is bound by the investment treaties (bilateral and multilateral) and the State contracts which had been signed by the predecessor State before the event of succession.Key features include:? Much-needed examination of the practice of States in the context of succession to bilateral, multilateral treaties and State contracts? comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of international arbitration cases involving issues of State succession? practical guidance on the application of Rules of State succession in investment arbitration cases, including when succession occurs during arbitral proceedings ? assessment of the theoretical reasoning behind previously unexplored issues in State succession. Actors who are called upon to apply Rules of State succession in investment arbitration cases will find this book a valuable source of practical guidance. Researchers in the field of international investment law will also find this to be a compelling text, with strong theoretical foundations.

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Acclaim for previous editions: 'The International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics 2011 provides comprehensive statistical data on world manufacturing. . . The Yearbook represents a massive effort in data collection, data harmonization, and tabular presentation - well beyond the constraints of time and resources available to the average researcher or investigator. Therefore, the Yearbook presents a vast amount of information in a convenient form.'- William C. Struning, American Reference Books Annual 2012'The UNIDO International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics is now a classic reference. . . The different editions of the Yearbook provide a unique statistical tool for analyzing the world industry.'- Revue d'Economie Industrielle / Industrial Economics Review'This annual publication seems to be the only international publication providing worldwide statistics on current performance and trends in the manufacturing sector. In terms of comprehensiveness, accuracy, and cross-country comparisons this volume is unparalleled . . . If you are looking for an authoritative source for comparative international statistics on industrial information, this is it.'- Andrea Meyer, Business Information Alert'This is a unique and massive effort by UNIDO providing comparative statistics on current performance and trends in the manufacturing sector worldwide . . . There is no doubt that the volume is a most important source book for economists, planners and policymakers.'- Pradosh Nath, Journal of Science and Industrial Research'UNIDO has done well to bridge gaps in information noticed so far in industrial statistics worldwide and its companionship and usefulness will be realised by all users of this documentation in governmental, industrial and academic circles, as a must on every working desk. Its reliability is fully backed up by authoritative analysis.'- Rajinder Kunmar, Marketing and Management NewsA unique and comprehensive source of information, this book is the only international publication providing economists, planners, policymakers and business people with worldwide statistics on current performance and trends in the manufacturing sector.The Yearbook is designed to facilitate international comparisons relating to manufacturing activity and industrial development and performance. It provides data which can be used to analyze patterns of growth and related long term trends, structural change and industrial performance in individual industries. Statistics on employment patterns, wages, consumption and gross output and other key indicators are also presented.

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This cutting-edge Handbook offers fresh perspectives on the key topics related to the unequal use of digital technologies. Considering the ways in which technologies are employed, variations in conditions under which people use digital media and differences in their digital skills, it unpacks the implications of digital inequality on life outcomes.International contributors assess a variety of key contexts that impact access to digital technologies, including contextual variations related to geography and infrastructure, as well as individual differences related to age, income, health and disability status. Chapters explore how variations emerge across the life course, illustrating the effects of digital disparities on personal wellbeing. Intervening in critical debates relating to the digital divide, this Handbook offers key insights into privacy and trust issues that affect technological usage.Employing both quantitative and qualitative investigations into the relationship between social inequality and the Internet, this Handbook is crucial reading for scholars and researchers in both communication and sociology, particularly those focusing on digital inequalities and human-computer interaction. It will also benefit policymakers in need of innovative approaches to understanding, challenging and addressing the digital divide.

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Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary.Presenting state-of-the-art reviews on classical and novel research fields in economic psychology, this Research Agenda studies the fundamentals, perceptions and understanding of economic phenomena and behaviour. Internationally renowned experts as well as the next generation of researchers summarize the field and outline promising avenues of future research. Research topics are addressed from an interdisciplinary perspective, providing a broad spectrum of thought on economic psychology. Exploring important gaps in research, chapters include theoretical as well as applied themes and cover novel research fields, to keep the reader abreast of contemporary developments. These include the psychology of money, product design, financial capabilities, sustainable consumption, diet, ethical conduct, gender inequality, the sharing economy, basic income, happiness, and tax psychology. Researchers and advanced students of economics and psychology looking to update their knowledge and refresh their thinking on future research will greatly benefit from this timely book.Contributors include: S. Asbach, J.M. Bauer, J. Bosak, S. Diefenbach, K. Gangl, A. Gasiorowska, B. Hartl, M. Hassenzahl, D. Hilton, E. Hofmann, J. Khan, E. Kirchler, C. Kulich, C. Loibl, T.L. Milfont, K. Patel, L.A. Reisch, G. Rivers, D. Schwartz, M. Sommer, D. Stimmler, O. Stravrova, C. Tanner, I. Vlaev

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Examining the ways and extent to which systemic factors affect health outcomes with regard to quality, affordability and access to curative healthcare, this explorative book compares the relative merits of tax-funded Beveridge systems and insurance-based Bismarck systems. The Law and Policy of Healthcare Financing charts and compares healthcare system outcomes throughout 11 countries, from the UK to Colombia. Thematic chapters investigate the economic and legal explanations for the relevant similarities, variations and trends across the globe. Concluding that systemic factors may be less significant than previously believed, this comprehensive book notes that no one system consistently outperforms the others, yet incentives and funding improvements may lift performances across all curative healthcare systems. Analytical and comparative, this book will be of interest to academics working in the fields of health law and health economics. Public authorities including health ministries, policymakers and international health organisations will also find this to be an invaluable resource. Contributors include: F. Bachner, J. Bobek, J. Boertjens, P. Bogetoft, J.M. Burke, F. Dewallens, I. Durand-Zaleski, A. Geissler, C. Góngora Torres, M. Guy, T. Haanperä, J. Janus, S. Jerabkova, L. Lepuschütz, J. Lombard, M. Mikkers, G. O'Nolan, M.J. Perez-Villadoniga, H. Platou, K. Polin, W. Quentin, W. Sauter, V. Shestalova, K.H. Søvig, V. Stephani, A. van den Heever, J. van Manen, J. Vermeulen

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Essentials of Entrepreneurship examines all phases of the entrepreneurial process: generating ideas for something new and better than what currently exists, determining whether these ideas suggest viable business opportunities, identifying and obtaining the financial and human resources required, securing intellectual property protection, launching the new venture, developing strategies for gaining and maintaining competitive advantage, and building a customer base. In discussing these and other topics, the text draws on research findings that help identify variables that play a role in entrepreneurs? effective performance of these tasks, and so?ultimately?in their success. New to the second edition: ? Two brand new chapters, addressing the issues facing the next generation of entrepreneurs: ? how to achieve long-term success through maintaining growth with sustainable business goals the emerging trends to look out for, including the gig economy and technological advances.? New updated case studies place entrepreneurial theory into practice, identifying how others can take inspiration from them. Updated cases and examples include Pets.com; aeroponic farming; Martha Stewart Living; the amphicar and social networks New discussion of non-traditional forms of support such as crowd funding and social media, and their effect on the modern entrepreneur Updated chapter on opportunity recognition; why some people are better at it than others and the role of self-regulatory theory, including signal detection theory New coverage of the effects of business failure, including the role of psychological capital and how successful serial entrepreneurs learn from their failures and mistakes Updated coverage of the government regulation and legislation affecting new ventures. Presenting a concise and current overview of entrepreneurship and assuming no previous knowledge, this text is ideal for use in any undergraduate or MBA level entrepreneurship course, whether within a business school or any other discipline.

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In the face of current confusion regarding the use of articles 290 and 291 TFEU, there is a need to further develop the theory of legislative delegation in the EU Commission. This timely book approaches this question from a practical perspective with a detailed examination of how the legislator uses delegated and implementing mandates in different fields of EU law.Offering an analysis of legislative practice and providing concrete evidence of how articles 290 and 291 TFEU are actually handled, the expert contributors offer new insights into potential developments in EU administrative law. From this emerges a tentative categorisation that separates delegated rule-making from implementing rule-making according to the differentiation of substantive and procedural matters. However, as difficulties in the categorisation continue to remain, the book explores their systemic reasons, deeply rooted in the unclear constitutional shape of the EU.The Legislative Choice Between Delegated and Implementing Acts in EU Law will be essential reading for law academics and course leaders as well as practitioners in national and EU administration interested in this ongoing debate central to EU administrative law. Contributors include: M. Chamon, J. Karsten, F. Lafarge, M. Ortino, A. Ott, S. Röttger-Wirtz, E. Tauschinsky, A. Vincze, W. Weiß, D. Zdobnõh

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'Decision-makers and academics interested in the politics of the Arctic should have this book to hand. It is a fascinating collection of well-researched chapters on the geopolitics, international law and institutions of the Arctic and national Arctic strategies. The authors, drawn from a wide range of backgrounds, cover subjects reflecting their expertise in this superbly edited volume.'- Clive Archer, Advisory Council, Arctic Forum FoundationThe Arctic has again become one of the leading issues on the international foreign policy agenda, in a manner unseen since the Cold War. Drawing on the perspectives of geopolitics and international law, this Handbook offers fresh insights and perspectives on the most pressing issues, grouped under the headings of political ascendancy, climate and environmental issues, resources and energy, and the response and policies of affected countries.With the combined expertise of leading scholars in international relations and international law of the Arctic, the book covers key topics such as climate change, energy, indigenous issues, jurisdiction, marine resources, pollution and preparedness, and emergency response.Students, academics, political scientists and international lawyers working on Arctic affairs will find this ground breaking Handbook to be of essential reading. It will also be of interest to other social scientists, such as geographers, sociologists, and anthropologists.Contributors: P. Aalto, A. Bambulyak, N. Bankes, W.A. Berbrick, A. Bergman Rosamond, R.G. Bertelsen, L.-A. Broadhead, R. Churchill, D. Depledge, K. Dodds, N.C. Fabbi, P. Graczyk, A.H. Hoel, G. Hønneland, I. Jaakkola, L.C. Jensen, Ø. Jensen, J.C. Justinussen, E.C.H. Keskitalo, T. Koivurova, P.W. Lackenbauer, M. uszczuk, T.L. McDorman, J. Manicom, E. Mason, T.L. Mcdorman, H.N. Nicol, M. Nuttall, T. Palosaari, D.R. Rothwell, C. Schofield, C. Smits, O.S. Stokke, A.K. Sydnes, M. Sydnes, M. Tennberg, N. Tynkkynen, D.L. Van Der Zwaag, N. Wegge, E. Whitsitt, M. Willis, B. Scott Zellen, K. Zysk

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Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is the testing ground for investment arbitration in Europe: the majority of the cases against EU Member States are proceedings launched against countries from within the region. Despite their relevance, CEE experiences have not previously been analysed in a comprehensive manner. This book takes a systematic country-by-country approach covering all the CEE jurisdictions. Each chapter provides detailed information and insight into the respective jurisdiction, setting out the policy and treaty landscape, the legal status of investor-state arbitration and alternative remedies. This is supplemented by a detailed analysis of the investor-state arbitration decisions in each country. Key features include: the first comprehensive survey of investment arbitration in CEE countries written by leading practitioners and academics in their respective jurisdictions an insider perspective into CEE investment cases consideration of political, economic and regulatory factors a practical case-law oriented approach to investment arbitration within CEE. Arbitrators and investment practitioners will benefit greatly from the comprehensive survey and detailed case analysis. The book will be invaluable for firms advising businesses with operations in the region, and for anyone involved in arbitral proceedings involving CEE countries. Contributors include: A. Andhov, I. Bimbilovski, K. Brockova, M. Cáp, Y. Cottrill, A.-M. Culjak, R. Daujotas, I. Druviete, P. Flere, R. Griguolaite, G. Hajdu, J. Heyduk, V. Korom, M. Olík, A. Petrov, W. Sadowski, E.K. Selga, K. Simalova, E. Spiroska, C.-G. Stanescu, Ü. Talviste, P. Treder, Z. Víg, P. Zivkovi , M. Zupan

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Compiling extensive research findings with real insights from the business world, this must-read book on performance appraisal explores its evolution from the classic appraisal to its current form, and the methodology behind its progression. Looking forward, Aharon Tziner and Edna Rabenu emphasize that well-conducted appraisals combine a mixture of classic and current, and are here to stay. The book first presents a primer to performance appraisals, covering the role of management, the appraisers, and external and political influences. The authors then present ways to improve the appraisal system through training, methodology and diversification. Consequently, they outline the key questions and opportunities facing the research and business communities, including the rapidly developing technological and democratic workforce. In particular, the authors highlight the need for the creation of a ''climate of performance'' and innovation in research, for the betterment of both the individual employee and society as a whole. Improving Performance Appraisal at Work is a comprehensive guide for researchers in business and management, human resource management and organizational behavior. The authors cover an extensive array of issues relating to the role of employee performance appraisal, making this book an excellent advisory text for those in professional human resource roles.

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At the end of the Cold War, international law scholars engaged in furious debate over whether principles of democratic legitimacy had entered international law. Many argued that a "democratic entitlement" was then emerging. Others were skeptical that international practice in democracy promotion was either consistent or sufficiently widespread and many found the idea of a democratic entitlement dangerous. Those debates, while ongoing, have not been comprehensively revisited in almost twenty years. This research review identifies the leading scholarship of the past two decades on these and other questions. It focuses particular attention on the normative consequences of the recent "democratic recession" in many regions of the world.

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This comprehensive research review discusses an array of distinguished papers from within the sphere of comparative labour law, covering the subject's most compelling and thought-provoking questions. Topics include the uses and limits of comparative labour law, the enforcement of labour rights and the methods of comparative labour law. Prefaced with an original introduction by the editor, this collection promises to be a useful research tool for scholars and practitioners, as well as a fascinating read for those interested in the field.

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This insightful research review discusses some of the most influential papers in the economics field of global value chains. Focusing on globalization, fragmentation and coordination of production across geographical as well as enterprise boundaries. It pays particularly close attention to how businesses in developing countries are incorporated into global production and distribution networks. The review analyses many of the texts that framed the global value chain approach together with in-depth case-studies of particular sectors and policy-oriented research concerned with reducing poverty and accelerating growth in poorer countries. This review would be of great interest to students and researchers working in the fields of globalisation, geography and international business.

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Teaching Environmental and Natural Resource Economics is a significant contribution to the literature of economics education. Theory and practice, teaching activities and exercises, and pro teaching tips are clearly and expertly presented.The editors begin by presenting a bit of the historical thought on the study of environmental and natural resource economics. Once the editors establish context, they provide a full exploration of both paradigms and pedagogy. The paradigm section provides models for teaching the variety of courses offered at the university level. The chapters bridge the gap between environmental and natural resource economics textbooks and the classroom, with guidance for how to approach course topics. The pedagogy section is an excellent contribution to the teaching of environmental and natural resource economics, covering both particular topics and teaching methods.University instructors will find this guide to teaching environmental and natural resource economics invaluable in helping students gain a better understanding of the theory and practice of environmental and natural resource economics.

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The concept of green business originated recently, but the phenomenon has a longer history which offers many lessons for today and the future. This book provides rich new empirical evidence on green business as it examines its variation between industries and nations, and over time. It demonstrates the deep historical origins of endeavors to create for-profit businesses that were more responsible and sustainable, but also how these strategies have faced constraints, trade-offs and challenges of legitimacy. Based on extensive interviews and archives from around the world, the book asks why green business succeeds more in some contexts than others and draws lessons from failure as well as success.This book emphasizes the importance of context for explaining the choices which explain the varieties of green business. Government policies, both local and national, cultural and religious values, and national images, are amongst the contextual factors which are identified. The book's distinctiveness lies in the use of original empirical data and the fact that it considers both successful and unsuccessful cases. An unusually wide geographical scope means that it covers not only the United States and Europe, but also less studied settings, including Chile, Costa Rica, New Zealand and Japan. Scholars and students interested in environmental management; corporate social responsibility; business ethics and trust; and business and environmental history will find this an important and fascinating read.

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Growing social and environmental concerns have exerted pressure on businesses to act responsibly. This timely book is the result of systematic, integrated and concerted efforts by prominent scholars to contribute new ideas and original research on social responsibility issues in international business. Offering an insightful collection of global investigations of critical and thought-provoking issues, the chapters investigate unique social responsibility issues across different countries and international business contexts. Bringing together renowned researchers in the field, this book provides state-of-the-art knowledge on a wide array of issues relating to social responsibility and highlights future trajectories for the development of socially-responsible international business strategies. Featuring innovative research and incisive conclusions, this book is critical for international business researchers seeking new avenues for investigation. Postgraduate students at all levels will also benefit from this book's strong inventory of contemporary knowledge, as well as its wide variety of research methods.

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'This timely book offers not only richly textured studies of European trade union responses to the influx of immigrant workers across the continent, but also an insightful comparative analysis. Building on an earlier volume that the editors published at the turn of the 21st century, this one focuses on the new challenges posed by growing economic globalization, trade union decline, and the surge of xenophobia among European workers. It deserves a prominent spot on the bookshelf of anyone interested in labor movements and migration, not only in Europe but worldwide.'- Ruth Milkman, The Graduate Center, City University of New York'Trade Unions and Migrant Workers updates the classic ''three-dilemmas'' thesis of Penninx and Roosblad, demonstrating its continuing relevance in today's shifting migration context. Drawing on national case studies of union responses to labour migration, it shows that while the balance of power and incentive structures unions face have shifted, the fundamental strategic dilemmas posed to unions by labour migration remain the same. This book will be a go-to citation for me in the coming years.'- Nathan Lillie, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland This timely book analyzes the relationship between trade unions, immigration and migrant workers across eleven European countries in the period between the 1990s and 2015. It constitutes an extensive update of a previous comparative analysis - published by Rinus Penninx and Judith Roosblad in 2000 - that has become an important reference in the field. The book offers an overview of how trade unions manage issues of inclusion and solidarity in the current economic and political context, characterized by increasing challenges for labour organizations and rising hostility towards migrants. The qualitative analysis of trade union strategies towards immigration and migrant workers is based on a common analytical framework centred on the idea of 'dilemmas' that trade unions have to face when dealing with immigration and migrant workers. This approach facilitates comparative analysis and distinguishes patterns of union policies and actions across three groups of countries, identifying some explanations for observed similarities and differences. In addition, the book also includes theoretical chapters by expert scholars from a range of disciplinary fields including industrial relations, migration studies and political economy. This comprehensive comparative analysis is an essential resource for academics across a range of disciplines as well as policy-makers, practitioners and organizations involved in trade unions and migrant inclusion and integration.Contributors include: M. Bernaciak, L. Berntsen, M. Canek, H. Connolly, S. Contrepois, A. Gachter, A. Giorgi, R. Gumbrell-McCormick, T. Hastings, J. Heyes, M. Hyland, R. Hyman, J. Kubisa, S. Marino, M. Martinez Lucio, A. Neergaard, R. Penninx, M. Rinaldini, J. Roosblad, B. Sellers, T. Vitale, I. Wagner, C. Woolfson

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Augustine posed two questions that go to the heart of the nature of law. Firstly, what is the difference between a kingdom and a band of robbers? Secondly, is an unjust law a law at all? These two questions force us to consider whether law is simply a means of social control, distinguished from a band of robbers only by its size, or whether law is a social institution justified by its orientation towards justice.The End of Law applies Augustine's questions to modern legal philosophy as well as offering a critical theory of natural law that draws on Augustine's ideas. McIlroy argues that such a critical natural law theory is realistic but not cynical about law's relationship to justice and to violence, can diagnose ways in which law becomes deformed and pathological, and indicates that law is a necessary but insufficient instrument for the pursuit of justice. Positioning an examination of Augustine's reflections on law in the context of his broader thought, McIlroy presents an alternative approach to natural law theory, drawing from critical theory, postmodern thought, and political theologies in conversation with Augustine.This insightful book will be fascinating reading for law students and legal philosophers seeking to understand the perspective and commitments of natural law theory and the significance of Augustine. Readers with an interest in interdisciplinary approaches to legal theory will also find this book a stimulating read.

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At a time when the planet's wildlife faces countless dangers, international environmental law continues to overlook its evolving welfare interests. This thought-provoking book provides a crucial exploration of how international environmental law must adapt to take account of the growing recognition of the intrinsic value of wildlife.Animal Welfare and International Environmental Law offers compelling and timely arguments in favour of wildlife's inherent worth and proposes a progressive development of the law in response to its needs and interests. Taking into account recent trends in bioethics and conservation, these critical discussions of wildlife welfare have dramatic implications for the future of sustainable development and sustainable use. The book challenges assumptions by taking a perspective which decentres the needs of humans and instead emphasises the growing need to protect wildlife with compassion and care.This book will prove invaluable to both students and scholars of environmental law, animal law and international law more widely. It will also appeal to policymakers, legal scholars and NGOs dealing with the imminent needs of the earth's wildlife.Contributors include: D. Bilchitz, M. Bowman, S. Riley, J. Schaffner, W. Scholtz, K. Sykes, S. White

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The notion of endogenous innovation as the outcome of the creative response of firms to out-of-equilibrium conditions is the cornerstone of the new evolutionary complexity. In this book, Cristiano Antonelli elaborates, applies and tests, with his colleagues, the Schumpeterian framework established in the author?s previous work Endogenous Innovation: The Economics of an Emergent System Property.The author carefully explores the role of the reactivity of firms to out-of-equilibrium conditions with a unique mix of econometric tools and simulation techniques. He examines the central role of knowledge externalities in shaping the likelihood of creative responses, and hence the generation of new knowledge and the introduction of innovations, as an alternative to adaptive responses that lead the system to equilibrium with no growth. In so doing, he confirms that innovation is the outcome of the interaction between individual decision-making and the endogenous and path-dependent properties of the system into which firms are embedded.This original and insightful work will be required reading for all those working on evolutionary economics, complexity economics, and the economics of innovation and knowledge.

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