Search results for ""author various authors"

These essays examine papal teaching authority from Thomas Aquinas in the thirteenth century to the Dominican School of Salamanca in sixteenth century Spain. Fr. Ulrich Horst, O.P., an internationally renowned authority in historical theology, describes the various debates between the Dominicans and other orders over papal teaching authority, especially whether there should be limits placed on papal authority and, if so, what they might be. Horst reviews in a brief and masterful fashion the teaching of medieval and Catholic Reformation Dominican theologians about the teaching authority of the pope. He succinctly shows the differences within the order on the topic and makes clear how Dominicans tended to differ on the matter from theologians of other orders such as the Franciscans and, later, the Jesuits, whose views would eventually lead to the proclamation at Vatican I. In the first chapter, Horst discusses the canonization of St. Thomas, the lecture on the gospel of St. Matthew, and Summa Theologiae II-II 1, 10. Horst then examines the road to conflict under Pope John XXII and the position of a number of the Dominican theologians such Hervaeus Natalis, John of Naples, and Guido Terreni. In the last chapter, Horst brings to light the contributions of Francisco de Vitoria, Dominicus Sots, Melchior Cano, and Juan de la Peña, among others. Despite his distinguished career as a medievalist, little of Horst's imposing scholarly corpus has been translated into English. These lectures, then, mark an introduction of this formidable scholar to a wider audience.

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A revealing look at the changing role of churches in the decades after the American Revolution.Most Americans today would not think of their local church as a site for arbitration and would probably be hesitant to bring their property disputes, moral failings, or personal squabbles to their kin and neighbors for judgment. But from the Revolutionary Era through the mid-nineteenth century, many Protestants imbued local churches with immense authority. Through their ritual practice of discipline, churches insisted that brethren refrain from suing each other before "infidels" at local courts and claimed jurisdiction over a range of disputes: not only moral issues such as swearing, drunkenness, and adultery but also matters more typically considered to be under the purview of common law and courts of equity, including disputes over trespass, land, probate, slave warranty, and theft. In Law in American Meetinghouses, Jeffrey Thomas Perry explores the ways that ordinary Americans—Black and white, enslaved and free—understood and created law in their local communities, uncovering a vibrant marketplace of authority in which church meetinghouses played a central role in maintaining their neighborhoods' social peace. Churches were once prominent sites for the creation of local law and in this period were a primary arena in which civil and religious authority collided and shaped one another. When church discipline failed, the wronged parties often pushed back, and their responses highlight the various forces that ultimately hindered that venue's ability to effectively arbitrate disputes between members. Relying primarily on a deep reading of church records and civil case files, Perry examines how legal transformations, an expanding market economy, and religious controversy led churchgoers to reimagine their congregations' authority. By the 1830s, unable to resolve doctrinal quibbles within the fellowship, church factions turned to state courts to secure control over their meetinghouses, often demanding that judges wade into messy ecclesiastical disputes. Tracking changes in disciplinary rigor in Kentucky Baptist churches from that state's frontier period through 1845, and looking beyond statutes and court decrees, Law in American Meetinghouses is a fresh take on church-state relations. Ultimately, it highlights an oft-forgotten way that Americans subtly repositioned religious institutions alongside state authority.

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The intent of any discography is comprehensiveness, aiming to include every recording within its chosen area, and to list all the important details of each. The discography, New York Philharmonic: The Authorized Recordings, 1917-2005 is no exception. Author James H. North has compiled more than 1500 commercial recordings made by the New York Philharmonic from 1917 to 2005. A fifteen-page Introduction serves as a general history of New York Philharmonic recordings, discussing issues such as the importance of recordings, the orchestra's relationships with various recording companies, the venues used, recordings of interest which were not made (and why they were not), and the record-labeling systems used by Columbia/CBS/Sony, the Philharmonic's long-term business partner. The entries are presented in chronological order of recording sessions and contain important details such as music played, performers, session dates and venues, recording companies and producers, first release dates, and all issues of the recording, including 78- and 45-rpm discs, Long-Playing records, and Compact Discs. Three appendixes catalog the entries by composer, conductor, and soloists respectively, referring the reader to the appropriate entry in the main listing. Two additional appendixes further illustrate the New York Philharmonic's history, one by describing the 78-rpm records made for class use by Ginn and Company during the mid-1920s, the other listing the twenty-five "Young People's Concerts," written and conducted by Leonard Bernstein and broadcast worldwide on television from 1958 to 1970, now available on VHS and DVD.

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The people of the late ancient Mediterranean world thought about and encountered gods, angels, demons, heroes, and other spirits on a regular basis. These figures were diverse, ambiguous, and unclassified and were not ascribed any clear or stable moral valence. Whether or not they were helpful or harmful under specific circumstances determined if and what virtues were attributed to them. That all changed in the third century C.E., when a handful of Platonist philosophers—Plotinus, Origen, Porphyry, and Iamblichus—began to produce competing systematic discourses that ordered the realm of spirits in moral and ontological terms. In Spiritual Taxonomies and Ritual Authority, Heidi Marx-Wolf recounts how these Platonist philosophers organized the spirit world into hierarchies, or "spiritual taxonomies," positioning themselves as the high priests of the highest gods in the process. By establishing themselves as experts on sacred, ritual, and doctrinal matters, they were able to fortify their authority, prestige, and reputation. The Platonists were not alone in this enterprise, and it brought them into competition with rivals to their new authority: priests of traditional polytheistic religions and gnostics. Members of these rival groups were also involved in identifying and ordering the realm of spirits and in providing the ritual means for dealing with that realm. Using her lens of spiritual taxonomy to look at these various groups in tandem, Marx-Wolf demonstrates that Platonist philosophers, Christian and non-Christian priests, and gnostics were more interconnected socially, educationally, and intellectually than previously recognized.

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In her eighteenth-century medical recipe manuscript, the Philadelphia healer Elizabeth Coates Paschall asserted her ingenuity and authority with the bold strokes of her pen. Paschall developed an extensive healing practice, consulted medical texts, and conducted experiments based on personal observations. As British North America’s premier city of medicine and science, Philadelphia offered Paschall a nurturing environment enriched by diverse healing cultures and the Quaker values of gender equality and women’s education. She participated in transatlantic medical and scientific networks with her friend, Benjamin Franklin. Paschall was not unique, however. Women Healers recovers numerous women of European, African, and Native American descent who provided the bulk of health care in the greater Philadelphia area for centuries. Although the history of women practitioners often begins with the 1850 founding of Philadelphia’s Female Medical College, the first women’s medical school in the United States, these students merely continued the legacies of women like Paschall. Remarkably, though, the lives and work of early American female practitioners have gone largely unexplored. While some sources depict these women as amateurs whose influence declined, Susan Brandt documents women’s authoritative medical work that continued well into the nineteenth century. Spanning a century and a half, Women Healers traces the transmission of European women’s medical remedies to the Delaware Valley where they blended with African and Indigenous women’s practices, forming hybrid healing cultures. Drawing on extensive archival research, Brandt demonstrates that women healers were not inflexible traditional practitioners destined to fall victim to the onward march of Enlightenment science, capitalism, and medical professionalization. Instead, women of various classes and ethnicities found new sources of healing authority, engaged in the consumer medical marketplace, and resisted physicians’ attempts to marginalize them. Brandt reveals that women healers participated actively in medical and scientific knowledge production and the transition to market capitalism.

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The "inquisition" (Mihnah) unleashed by the seventh Abbasid caliph, 'Abdallah al-Ma'mun (r. 813-833), has long attracted the attention of modern scholars of the intellectual, political, and religious history of the early Abbasid era. Historians have seen it as the key to a wide array of puzzles and problems in early Islamic history. In this incisive study, John Nawas subjects the various proposed explanations of these events to a sober and searching analysis and, in the process, presents a new interpretation of al-Ma'mun's political and religious policies, contextualized against the background of early Abbasid intellectual and social history. Appended to the volume is a reprint edition of Walter M. Patton's Ahmed ibn Hanbal and the Mihna (Leiden 1897), which still has much that is useful for modern scholarship, including one enormous additional benefit; it contains most of the relevant passages in Arabic from the primary sources

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Analyzing ongoing changes in the design of regulatory and supervisory authorities over the banking and financial industry in Europe, this comprehensive Handbook pays particular attention to the role of national central banks, the new financial supervisory authorities and the European Central Bank (ECB). The contributors, all experts in their fields, begin by presenting the current situation in Europe, focusing on the role of the central banks, before going on to illustrate the supervisory architecture reforms of the late 1990s. The Handbook also highlights the emerging role of new integrated financial authorities through an analysis of different national case studies. This new original reference book concludes with a review of the various options now available for the design of supervisory architecture at the European level, considering also the possible involvement of the ECB.The Handbook tackles a number of controversial issues including: why financial supervision architecture is important and why the issue has arisen at the present time the roles of national central banks and national policymakers in alternative financial supervisory structures the advantages and potential hazards of single financial authorities unified or integrated agencies. This essential Handbook is a major multidisciplinary work and will be of great value to scholars and academics - principally in economics, finance and European studies but also politics and law - as well as regulators and supervisory institutions.

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This collection of studies examines the various types and uses of ideas of ”the other” and othering in Joseph Conrad’s fiction. It offers examinations of different aspects of the colonial other both in Africa and Latin America, including a personal reminiscence of American imperialism by a descendant of a character mentioned in Conrad’s fiction.The first three papers offer insights into Conrad’s artistic presentation of both the historical and concrete side of capitalism and imperialism as well as the universal aspects of these social-political-economic formations. The next four studies theorize the colonial other, from European/Western perspectives and from Third World perspectives. The final four papers concern otherness in seamanship, in terms of the imperial other and alterity, and the female as other, othering by gender.The dimensions of the other in Conrad’s fiction that the collection examines are mainly colonial, imperial, and civilizational, set in the realities of geographical space of Africa, Latin America, and the Far East, the reality at sea, and the reality of gendered humanity. They are grounded in various contexts significant for Conrad’s epoch: both domestic and pertaining to English and European colonial-imperial overseas expansion, and illuminated from both English/Western and Third World perspectives.Various Dimensions of the Other in Joseph Conrad’s Fiction features both general theoretical arguments and distinctive methodological approaches to Conrad’s oeuvre, such as historical contextualization and source studies, postcolonial theory, imagology, Levinas’s theory of alterity, the Lacanian theory of jouissance, literary feminism, and personal narrative.The book is volume 29 of the series Conrad: Eastern and Western Perspectives: within this series it offers the first complex and direct treatment of multifarious incarnations of the other in Joseph Conrad’s fiction.The studies included create a truly international constellation of criticism, with authors at universities in the United States of America, France, Switzerland, Ukraine, Algeria, Iran, Japan, and Poland. Owing to their unique national and cultural-literary backgrounds and perspectives upon Joseph Conrad’s oeuvre, Various Dimensions of the Other in Joseph Conrad’s Fiction continues and strengthens the transnational profile of the series Conrad: Eastern and Western Perspectives.

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How the authority of medicine is continuously shaped by relationships among physicians, industry, colleagues, and organizations Exploring how the authority of medicine is controlled, negotiated, and organized, Managing Medical Authority asks: How is knowledge shared throughout the profession? Who makes decisions when your heart malfunctions—physicians, hospital administrators, or private companies who sell pacemakers? How do physicians gain and keep their influence? Arguing that medicine’s authority is managed in collegial competition across venues, Daniel Menchik examines the full range of stakeholders driving the direction of the field: medical trainees, clinicians, researchers, administrators, and even the corporations that develop groundbreaking technologies enabling longer and better lives.Menchik takes us into Superior Hospital to witness surgeries and executive negotiations. He moves outside the hospital to watch professional committees craft standards for treatments, case management, and professional ethics. At industry-sponsored meetings, he observes company representatives who train some experienced doctors on their technologies, while deterring others who they think might injure patients. Using an innovative ethnographic approach tying individual actions and their collective consequences, he considers how stakeholders ally across the various venues of medicine, even as they are sometimes pressed into competition within those venues. Menchik finds that these alliances and rivalries strengthen the authority of medicine as a whole. From place to place, and group to group, we see how a medical specialty renews and reinvigorates itself.Beginning within the walls of the hospital, and moving to the professional and commercial venues that shape it, Managing Medical Authority offers an agenda-setting take on the social organization of medical authority.

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How the authority of medicine is continuously shaped by relationships among physicians, industry, colleagues, and organizations Exploring how the authority of medicine is controlled, negotiated, and organized, Managing Medical Authority asks: How is knowledge shared throughout the profession? Who makes decisions when your heart malfunctions—physicians, hospital administrators, or private companies who sell pacemakers? How do physicians gain and keep their influence? Arguing that medicine’s authority is managed in collegial competition across venues, Daniel Menchik examines the full range of stakeholders driving the direction of the field: medical trainees, clinicians, researchers, administrators, and even the corporations that develop groundbreaking technologies enabling longer and better lives.Menchik takes us into Superior Hospital to witness surgeries and executive negotiations. He moves outside the hospital to watch professional committees craft standards for treatments, case management, and professional ethics. At industry-sponsored meetings, he observes company representatives who train some experienced doctors on their technologies, while deterring others who they think might injure patients. Using an innovative ethnographic approach tying individual actions and their collective consequences, he considers how stakeholders ally across the various venues of medicine, even as they are sometimes pressed into competition within those venues. Menchik finds that these alliances and rivalries strengthen the authority of medicine as a whole. From place to place, and group to group, we see how a medical specialty renews and reinvigorates itself.Beginning within the walls of the hospital, and moving to the professional and commercial venues that shape it, Managing Medical Authority offers an agenda-setting take on the social organization of medical authority.

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The evolution and reception of the Renaissance was mediated by developments in various other spheres of early modern life and culture. Foremost among these were the religious changes initiated by the Protestant Reformation, which are discussed in the opening chapters of this book. Religious and cultural developments in Germany are contrasted with sixteenth-century Spain and are further explored through the study of the picaresque novel Lazarillo de Tormes. The place of Renaissance science or natural philosophy is also the subject of critical evaluation in this book. Case studies on the anatomical revolution, Galileo and court patronage, and Paracelsus illustrate new approaches in the field. Subsequent chapters explore the Renaissance fascination with witchcraft and demonology in both learned discourse (Pico’s Strix) and popular drama (The Witch of Edmonton). The volume concludes with a study of one of the most influential and provocative writers of the sixteenth century, Michel de Montaigne, whose Essays provide stimulating material for a reassessment of the impact of the Renaissance on contemporary thought. This volume is the third in a series of three texts designed for the Open University course The Renaissance in Europe: A Cultural Enquiry.

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John-Christian Eurell studies how Peter's authority is portrayed to create legitimacy in Christian texts. Peter emerges as a central figure in the diverse early Christian movement and is used to discuss theological legitimacy. The main divide is between those who argue that legitimate theology should have a conservative point of departure based on traditional material handed down from the earthly Jesus and an apostolic succession based on interpersonal relations and those who argue in favour of a more progressive point of departure which places emphasis on contemporary charismatic experiences. These perspectives are utilised by groups of various theological persuasions to argue their own position. Peter is seen as a positive and negative example for both these ways of creating legitimacy.

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As Cardinal Hugo and as pope, Gregory was one of the dominant figures in the history of the papacy of the High Middle Ages. Coming to prominence under Pope Innocent III, Hugo played an important political role, particularly as legate on various occasions, as well as being a major promoter of the new religious orders. As pope, his battle with Emperor Frederick II is one of medieval history’s most absorbing conflicts. But he also acted as peacemaker, promoter of the Crusades, instigator of mission for the sake of conversion, refomer of the Curia, patron of arts and liturgy, and as a passionate advocate of Church reform. His decretal collection, the Liber Extra, was the most influential of the Middle Ages. A full examination of Gregory’s pontificate is very long overdue. The current volume brings together a team of international scholars, each of them expert in dealing with a particular aspect of the pontificate, and provides what will be a collection of studies of lasting scholarly value on a central figure of the medieval papacy.

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A revised edition the perennial international bestseller that has helped millions achieve physical and mental healing, rejuvenation and balance from Deepak Chopra, the undisputed master of modern spirituality.'A brilliant and exhilarating book' -- Sunday Telegraph'I could not put this book down, beautifully and clearly written' -- ***** Reader review'Inspirational' -- ***** Reader review'Deepak is the ultimate guru' -- ***** Reader review'Absolutely love this book!' -- ***** Reader review************************************************************************************Instead of considering it as something solid, Chopra sees the body as interweaving systems of energies that are constantly being consumed and renewed - the balance of these energies determines the mind-body type. Combining ancient Ayurvedic healing practices with modern Western medicine, this unique book offers a step-by-step program of mind - body medicine that can be tailored to the individual's needs, based on the individual's mind-body type.A comprehensive guide, explaining the various body types, Perfect Health explains how we can heal the mind and reduce stress via meditation, healing sounds, music and aromatherapy and how we can nurture the body by optimising diet and exercise.Originally published in 1990, this revised edition - complete with questionnaires and the latest scientific and medical research studies - is destined to appeal to the millions of Chopra devotees around the world and all those in search of balance, harmony and perfect health.

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From children's books to Germanyer covers, fashion to philosophical musings, this first retrospective book on the beloved illustrator, author, and designer Maira Kalman is an inventory of imaginative genius certain to delight her many fans. The world as seen through Kalman's eyes is a quirky, slightly off-kilter place as colourful and varied as a kaleidoscope. For decades this brilliant artist has captured our hearts with her whimsical illustrations and engaged our minds with her trenchant observations. A companion to a travelling exhibition, this monograph on Kalman's work features hundreds of paintings, drawings, sketchbook pages, and journal entries as well as rarely glimpsed photographs, stills from performance pieces, and examples of her newest project, embroidery. Kalman was born in Tel Aviv in 1949 and moved to Germany at the age of four. Among her varied body of work are illustrated books for children and adults, clocks she designed with her late husband Tibor Kalman, columns f

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The setting of Little Pig Robinson is based on various English seaside towns where she spent holidays when she was young. It tells the charming story of an adventurous pig who sets off on an incredible voyage aboard the 'Pound of Candles'.The Tale of Little Pig Robinson is number nineteen in Beatrix Potter's series of twenty-three little books, the titles of which are as follows:1. The Tale of Peter Rabbit 2. The Tale of Squirrel Nutkin3. The Tailor of Gloucester4. The Tale of Benjamin Bunny5. The Tale of Two Bad Mice6. The Tale of Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle7. The Tale of Mr. Jeremy Fisher8. The Tale of Tom Kitten9. The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck10. The Tale of the Flopsy Bunnies11. The Tale of Mrs. Tittlemouse12. The Tale of Timmy Tiptoes13. The Tale of Johnny Town-Mouse14. The Tale of Mr. Tod15. The Tale of Pigling Bland16. The Tale of Samuel Whiskers17. The Tale of The Pie and the Patty-Pan18. The Tale of Ginger and Pickles19. The Tale of Little Pig Robinson20. The Story of a Fierce Bad Rabbit21. The Story of Miss Moppet22. Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes23. Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes

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This is a crisp, practical, and hands-on guide to moving mission-critical workloads to Azure. This book focuses on the process and technology aspects of Azure security coupled with pattern-oriented, real-world examples. You will implement modernized security controls, catering to the needs of authentication, authorization, and auditing, thereby protecting the confidentiality and integrity of your infrastructure, applications, and data.The book starts with an introduction to the various dimensions of cloud security, including pattern-based security and Azure's defense security architecture. You will then move on to identity and access management with Azure Active Directory. Here, you will learn the AAD security model, application proxy, and explore AAD B2B and B2C for external partners. Network security patterns and infrastructure security patterns are discussed next, followed by application and data security patterns. Finally, you will learn how to set up security policies and work with Azure Monitor and Azure Sentinel, and to create leadership support and training for a rigorous security culture.After completing this book, you will understand and be able to implement reusable patterns for mission critical workloads, standardizing and expediting the move of those workloads to Azure.What Will You Learn Understand security boundaries required to implement Azure's defense-in-depth security architecture Understand Azure Active Directory security model Master design patterns relating to network, infrastructure, and software Automate security monitoring with advanced observability and gain practical insights on how this can be implemented with Azure Monitor and Azure Sentinel Who Is This Book ForDevelopers and IT consultants/architects who are working on Azure.

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This is the third of three volumes from the project 'Authority and Persuasion: the Role of Commonplaces in Western Europe (c.1450-c.1800)'. The project was launched by the universities of Copenhagen, Durham and Groningen and involved scholars from a range of disciplines who researched the use of commonplaces as a means of persuasion in the early modern world. Commonplace as a technical term refers to the loci communes collected in late medieval and early modern commonplace books. In the project, however, the notion of commonplace was broadened to include means of persuasion in all kinds of texts as well as the visual arts, theatre, music and other media. This broader notion embraces metaphors, proverbs, figures, and expressions that enjoyed both a history of use in a given society or language community and a wide currency in that society. This third volume, subtitled 'Legitimation of Authority', focuses on the eighteenth century, an era in which many new political groups appeared, challenging and confronting existing rulers and elites, who in turn were forced to find alternative ways of legitimating their authority. Although the traditional commonplace books went out of fashion, the ten contributions in this volume demonstrate that practices of quotation as well as persuasive uses of stock material did not disappear. As in the previous two volumes, the authors represented in the present one have studied the use of generalised commonplaces in different sources and genres and in various media, such as political rituals and symbols, news sources, reference books, literature and also theatre and music. The first volume concerns 'Reformation, Counter-Reformation and Revolt, and the second volume deals with 'Consolidation of God-given Power'.

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In his praise for Part I of Upbuilding Discourses in Various Spirits, the eminent Kierkegaard scholar Eduard Geismar said, "I am of the opinion that nothing of what he has written is to such a degree before the face of God. Anyone who really wants to understand Kierkegaard does well to begin with it." These discourses, composed after Kierkegaard had initially intended to end his public writing career, constitute the first work of his "second authorship." Characterized by Kierkegaard as ethical-ironic, Part One, "Purity of Heart Is to Will One Thing," offers a penetrating discussion of double-mindedness and ethical integrity. Part Two, "What We Learn from the Lilies in the Field and from the Birds of the Air," humorously exposes an inverted qualitative difference between the learner and the teacher. In Part Three, "The Gospel of Sufferings, Christian Discourses," the philosopher explores how joy can come out of suffering.

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This book is about the policy-practice praxis in English language education, and draws on research from a diverse range of under-explored international settings to showcase the importance of contextual realities on how policy and practice interact. The case studies covered in the volume come from five continents (Africa, Europe, Asia, and South and North America) and cover 11 countries in total. The authors cover a wide range of themes and identify a number of issues at the interface between policy and practice. In some cases they also highlight local initiatives for navigating these issues, providing contextually-grounded guidance and experience which will be of use to teachers and teacher trainers in other settings. This book will be of interest to policy makers, EMI researchers, ELT practitioners, teacher trainers and trainees, and the broader Applied Linguistics research community.

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There is no doubt that Thomas Aquinas, together with Augustine, is among the most influential authorities in the history of Western Christian theology. Through the centuries, theologians and philosophers have interpreted Aquinas and (re-)constructed his thought in various ways. As a result of this, a very rich variety of theological and philosophical positions have appeared that claim to be inspired by the thought of Thomas Aquinas. Positions like these are often labelled as a form of 'Thomism'. Although this can be helpful in bringing some order into the history of thought, there is also a deceptive side to it. Any classification runs the risk of obscuring the multiplicity of interests that have inspired the use of Aquinas as authority. On closer investigation many questions arise. What aims did Aquinas' recipients have in mind and how did an appeal to Aquinas function in their attempts to reach these aims? To what extent has their adoption of Aquinas' ideas and approaches been successful or unsuccessful in answering new questions, and in meeting the problems of their times? And, finally, what can we learn from these divergent forms of 'Thomism'? To these questions the Thomas Institute at Utrecht devoted its second conference, which was held from Thursday December 14 to Saturday December 16, 2000. This book collects a selection of the studies that were presented.

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The Relationship Between Various Types of Teachers' Language and Comprehension exposes new research on the methods of successfully teaching Japanese as a second language. It breaks down the comprehension process into immediate comprehension, delayed memory of two to three weeks, and perceived comprehension. These different areas of comprehension were measured in response to speech adjustments, extralinguistic information such as contextualized pictures, and the use of the students' first language to explain grammar. Understanding the various phases of language comprehension so that teaching structure and style can be adjusted will assist teachers in reaching maximum efficiency in the classroom. The author specifically details the necessary methods of instruction that most thoroughly enhance every aspect of understanding for students.

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In the third volume of his groundbreaking series on rabbinic authority in English, Rabbi Warburg discusses the ramifications of a Jewish divorce. In this well-composed monograph, Rabbi Warburg primarily focuses on the case of the modern day agunah, a wife who is unable to get divorced due to her husband’s recalcitrance. He addresses the various techniques, such as obligating the giving of a get (Jewish divorce document), finding relief for an agunah who signed an exploitative agreement, and listing different avenues to void a marriage (bitul kiddushin) used by the rabbinical court. This issue is of some controversy in the Jewish community, and there is heated debate about it.

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The most trusted names in workouts and turnarounds share their valuable strategies Compiling insights and methods from industry experts, this authoritative and practical guide cuts through the maze of corporate restructuring jargon to give corporate leaders and professionals the proven techniques and clear advice needed to understand today's corporate turnarounds and workouts. Workouts & Turnarounds II: Global Restructuring Strategies for the Next Century gives detailed coverage of the key issues involved in this process-from both the creditor and company positions. You'll learn how to identify a troubled company and determine the chances of turnaround, and what management should focus on before it's too late. One of the leading authorities in financial and operational restructuring services, Dominic DiNapoli has assembled experts from around the country who have provided their insights and years of experience in the various topics covered in this book. From business regeneration tactics, to managing corporate communications, to the roles of lawyers and lender services, you'll find a wealth of information in this comprehensive reference. In addition, this guide contains case studies of turnarounds in progress, illustrating many of the techniques and strategies currently available. Whether you are a CEO, an attorney, or a lender restructuring or investing in distressed companies, Workouts & Turnarounds II: Global Restructuring Strategies for the Next Century gives you the crucial information you need to make the right decisions today.

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In an attempt to initiate a demotic "Sammelbuch", the author collects over 230 demotic texts from a wide variety of mostly votive objects: coins, cups and bowls, bronze tables, censers, statuettes, statues, non-funerary stelas, and offering tables. All texts are presented in facsimile drawings together with transliterations and translations, and the Greek versions of bilingual texts are also provided. Photographs are appended for 16 never-before published objects, as well as for some 20 more never-before published with photographs. For each item, a succinct bibliography points out the relevant text editions, highlighting published plates, dates and provenances. Brief notes discuss the various readings that have been proposed, and the possible readings that the author has been able to establish. Full indexes complete the volume. In an attempt to initiate a demotic "Sammelbuch", the author collects over 230 demotic texts from a wide variety of mostly votive objects: coins, cups and bowls, bronze tables, censersn statuettes, statues, non-funerary stelas, and offering tables. All texts are presented in facsimile drawings together with transliterations and translations, and the Greek versions of bilingual texts are also provided. Photographs are appended for 16 never-before published objects, as well as for some 20 more never-before published with photographs. For each item, a succinct bibliography points out the relevant text editions, highlighting published plates, dates and provenances. Brief notes discuss the various readings that have been proposed, and the possible readings that the author has been able to establish. Full indexes complete the volume.

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This book contains selected papers delivered during the 22nd Congress of L'Union Europeenne des Arabisants et Islamisants, held in Poland, from 29th September to 4th October 2004. The proceedings have been arranged into four thematic sections: (1) Theology and Philosophy, (2) Literature, (3) History of State and Society, and (4) Philology and Linguistics, though quite a number of the papers were of an interdisciplinary character. The authors of the 37 publications presented in this volume represent the international academic community and present in their articles the results of the latest research and studies into the areas touching on history, culture, literature, religion and art to mention a few. They constitute various attempts to answer the following questions: What is the meaning of Authority? and What is the place of the individual in Society? The book is essential source reading for specialists and students. This book is also recommended to all those who wish to become better acquainted with the problems and issues of the Arab-Muslim world.

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The Relationship Between Various Types of Teachers' Language and Comprehension exposes new research on the methods of successfully teaching Japanese as a second language. It breaks down the comprehension process into immediate comprehension, delayed memory of two to three weeks, and perceived comprehension. These different areas of comprehension were measured in response to speech adjustments, extralinguistic information such as contextualized pictures, and the use of the students' first language to explain grammar. Understanding the various phases of language comprehension so that teaching structure and style can be adjusted will assist teachers in reaching maximum efficiency in the classroom. The author specifically details the necessary methods of instruction that most thoroughly enhance every aspect of understanding for students.

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In response to the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, central banks have used all available instruments in their monetary policy tool-kit to avoid financial market disruptions and a collapse in real economic activities. These actions have expanded the size of their balance sheets and altered the composition of the asset-side. This edited book highlights how these assets are managed, providing an intellectual and practical contribution to an under-researched field of central bank responsibilities. It first reviews the sources and uses of domestic and international assets and how they complement—or possibly conflict with—the implementation of monetary policy goals. Next, the book examines the asset management mandate in a balance sheet context before turning to the investment decision-making process from strategic and tactical asset allocation to investment strategies, risk management, governance, reporting and control. Finally, it presents new developments in the field of managing assets at central banks. The individual chapters are written by central bankers, academics, and representatives from International Financial Institutions, each representing a particular aspect of the asset management practice.Practical and powerful insights from a hall of fame of investors, central bankers and scholars, are packed into this one volume. If you could have only one book on central bank asset management, this would be it. —Peter R. Fisher, Clinical Professor, Tuck School of Business at DartmouthJacob Bjorheim draws on his long experience in sovereign asset management to pull together a rich collection of insights from a broad range of expertise. Asset management at central banks has evolved and expanded considerably over the past decade. This book is a timely source of information and guidance. —Guy Debelle, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of AustraliaCentral bank balance sheets have grown at a tremendous pace over the last decade and a half. Drawing on contributions from scholars and experienced central bankers from around the world, this timely and insightful book sheds light on how central banks are, and should be, managing their growing balance sheets. —Kjell G. Nyborg, Chaired Professor of Finance, University of Zurich, Author of Collateral Frameworks: The Open Secret of Central BanksCentral banks and monetary authorities are charged with, and being held accountable for, managing portfolios of foreign currency assets of unprecedented size. The essays in this admirable book, written by some of the worlds most highly experienced officials, cover the full range of why and how this is currently being done and how new developments are affecting old practices. Interesting conceptually and immensely useful practically. —William White, Senior Fellow at the C.D. Howe Institute, former Head of the Monetary and Economic Department with the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) and chairman of the Economic and Development Review Committee at the OECDAn excellent and timely review of modern international reserve management, which ought to be read by everyone working with, or simply interested in, international asset management and finance as well as monetary and economic policy. The spectrum of authors is broad and their combined insight is very valuable. —Tom A. Fearnley, Investment Director, Norwegian Ministry of FinanceWith “Asset Management at Central Banks and Monetary Authorities”, Jacob Bjorheim has achieved an editorial tour de force. The book assembles the insightful views of the leading experts in the field, both from an academic and practitioners’ perspective. It bridges the gap between the macroeconomics of central banks and the financial management of their reserves. A must read to understand how central banks are special in the group of institutional investors. —Eric Bouyé, Head of Asset Allocation and Quantitative Strategies, Treasury Department, The World BankThe balance sheet is a large and important toolbox for any central bank and specifically the foreign exchange reserves constitute one the more powerful of these tools. This book provides excellent insight in the various perspectives of managing reserves at a central bank. —Heidi Elmér, Director of Markets Department, Severiges RiksbankThe world of international reserves has changed since the global financial crisis. In this volume, Jacob Bjorheim has assembled a stellar cast of experts to explain how and what that means for reserves management. With chapter authors like Andrew Ang, Jennifer Johnson-Calari, Robert McCauley, Ravi Menon, Simon Potter and Philip Turner, it is a book that every reserve manager must read. —Eli Remolona, Professor of Finance and Director of Central Banking, Asia School of Business in collaboration with MIT SloanJacob Bjorheim has succeeded in bringing together a first-class team of experts, and organising their contributions in an articulated journey from the central banks’ policy mandate to their asset management practices. An indispensable post-crisis update of the subject and a a required reading for anyone professionally involved with central bank’s asset management, or simply curious about a topic benefitting otherwise from limited research. —Louis de Montpellier, Former Global Head, Official Institutions Group, SSGA, and former Deputy Head, Banking Department, Bank for International Settlements (BIS), BaselAt last, a book that shares with a wider audience, deep insight in a unique, challenging and ethical approach of asset management developed and implemented in the secretive world of central banks. If you wonder how to manage funds that stand ready for use at short notice in times of stress then this book is for you. Two features make it such a valuable read and a must-have reference: First, the very comprehensive list of themes covered from a rich diversity of angles. Second, the very impressive list of prominent institutions and authors that have contributed and shared their analysis and practical approaches of the issues presented. What is better than to get the information directly from first-hand practitioners, experts and managers themselves in their own words? —Jean-Pierre Matt, Former Head of Financial Analysis at the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) and founder of QuanteisThis book holds the promise to become the go-to guide for anyone wishing to learn more about the management of official foreign exchange reserves. Central bankers in particular, but also those providing services to central banks, will find benefit from the broad scope in subject matter and varied perspectives being presented. I am yet to see a compendium on official reserve management with similar reach in subject matter. —Leon Myburgh, Former Head Financial Markets Department, South African Reserve Bank (SARB), PretoriaThis is an immensely timely book at a time when central bank operations, and their balance sheets, remain “larger for longer”. Following the Financial Crisis 10 years ago, and with the Covid-19 Recession about to break, central bank balance sheets are at the forefront of the authorities’ response to economic issues as never before. Yet the management of their now large-scale assets remains a little known and little studied area. The authors of this book combine extensive technical and practical experience, and their observations will fill an important gap in the literature at a critical time. —Freyr Hermannsson, Former Head of Treasury, Central Bank of Iceland, Reykjavík

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This volume illustrates lamps from the Byzantine period excavated in the Holy Land and demonstrates the extent of their development since the first enclosing/capturing of light (fire) within a portable man-made vessel. Lamps, which held important material and religious functions during daily life and the afterlife, played a large role in conveying art and cultural and political messages through the patterns chosen to decorate them. These cultural, or even more their religious affinities, were chosen to be delivered on lamps (not on other vessels) more than ever during the Byzantine period; these small portable objects were used to ‘promote’ beliefs like the ‘press’ of today. Each cultural group marked the artifacts / lamps with its symbols, proverbs from the Old and New Testaments, and this process throws light on the deep rivalry between them in this corner of the ancient world. The great variety of lamps dealt with in this volume, arranged according to their various regions of origin, emphasizes their diversity, and probably local workshop manufacture, and stands in contrast to such a small country without any physical geographic barriers to cross, only mental ones (and where one basket of lamps could satisfy the full needs of the local population). The lamps of the Byzantine period reflect the era and the struggle in the cradle of the formation of the four leading faiths and cultures: Judaism (the oldest), Samaritanism (derived from the Jewish faith), newly-born Christianity – all three successors to the existing former pagan culture – and the last, Islam, standing on a new threshold. Unlike during the former Greek and Roman periods of rule, the land of Israel during the Byzantine period did not really have a central government or authority. The variety of the oil lamps, their order and place of appearance during the Byzantine period can be described as a ‘symphony played by a self-conducted orchestra, where new soloists rise and add a different motet, creating stormy music that expresses the rhythm of the era’. This volume, like the author’s earlier books on this subject, is intended to create a basis for further study and evaluation of the endless aspects that lamps bring to light and which are beyond the capacity of any single scholar.

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An illustrated manual showing how a medieval tournament was organised, here presented in three volumes with essays on various aspects of the manuscript. This 3 volume set contains the full text of René d'Anjou's Livre des tournois. This is famous as the most substantial account of the organisation of a medieval tournament that has come down to us. It survives in eight manuscripts, most of which have an almost identical layout; the best of these is a magnificent work of art in its own right. But these manuscripts have a further interest to the historian of culture, because they represent in effect the evidence for one of the first illustrated manuals, in which text and image are complementary, and form a single whole. The copyists understood this, and followed the original because the mise en page was an essential part of the whole. Justin Sturgeon's interdisciplinary study reveals the patterns and relationships which give the manual its very specific character. The study begins by exploring the relationship between the work's images and text, and brings into focus the author's identity as an authority on the subject matter. Next, the use and depiction of heraldry as essential to the construction of an embedded visual narrative within the work is explored. We then turn to the subject matter and to René's sources for the work and the form of tournament he describes, are examined and the author shows that René was drawing on specific precedents to construct his idealized version of such an event. Analysis of the visual presentation uses spatial and ritual theory to engage with a series of spectacles surrounding the punishment and review of the noble tourneyers. The last section of the book concentrates on the physical manuscripts.The codicological, textual and visual evidence from all eight known medieval manuscript copies is used to construct a new understanding of the provenance and transmission of the work, before turning to scrutinize the reception of two copies in detail. The conclusion draws together threads of identity, authority, and the importance of the Livre des tournois as a product of the culture and circumstances of its production. A series of appendices forms the second volume and directly supports the book. These appendices include the first scholarly edition of the source manuscript to make use of all eight medieval manuscripts,with full supporting data. The third volume contains 300 images of vital comparisons in high resolution close-ups using a special technique developed by the author which highlights important details within images while showing the detail in the context of the whole picture. Three Volume set.

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Sifting through the numerous guidelines on physical activity and health published by government agencies, professional organizations, and associations can be a daunting task. Information exists in all types of formats and locations—including government documents, press releases, and Web sites—so simply finding those guidelines can be an ordeal. PhysicalActivity and Health Guidelines puts the current information in one place—at your fingertips. Physical Activity and Health Guidelines compiles the latest recommendations from various leading sources and organizations into a single text. This one-of-kind resource provides quick reference to physical activity and health recommendations for healthy people and for those with chronic conditions across all age groups. All readers—physicians, physical therapists, fitness professionals, and general fitness enthusiasts—will be able to locate individualized recommendations regarding appropriate levels and types of physical activity. Specific activity recommendations for people with diabetes, asthma, osteoarthritis, and cerebral palsy are detailed in this text. Other guidelines for the prevention of common chronic diseases such as cancer, coronary artery disease, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome are also shared. This text also includes the following information: • The components of exercise program design, which will assist readers in preparing to implement individual and group exercise programs • How physical activity recommendations can help people meet weight-management guidelines • Information on purchasing and using exercise equipment such as treadmills, heart rate monitors, weight training machines, and exercise videos • Guidelines for cardiac testing and other exercise testing to assist in the implementation and evaluation of physical activity programs as well as the assessment of the safety of these programs for people with chronic conditions For ease of use, Physical Activity and Health Guidelines presents information in a consistent format for each entry, including the date issued or most recently updated, the issuing organization, appropriate population, and location of the guidelines (with Web sites when available). Recommendations are given for aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training; further specifications regarding the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of activity are included. An appendix lists additional resources divided by topic and includes Web addresses of key organizations, statements, and other physical activity and health-related tools. Physical Activity and Health Guidelines is the first text to gather the wealth of information regarding physical activity, exercise, and health needs and recommendations into a single source. Convenient and easy to use, this unique text will help readers understand the requirements for safe and effective physical activity for all people regardless of health conditions, and it offers the basic knowledge and tools for designing and implementing appropriate physical activity programs.

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In 1773, Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral became the first book of poetry by an African-American author to be published. At the tender age of seven, Phillis had been brought to Massachusetts as a slave and sold to the well-to-do Wheatley family. There, she threw herself into education, and soon she was devouring the classics and writing verse with whatever she had to hand – odes in chalk on the walls of the house. Once her talent became known, there was uproar, and in 1772 she was interrogated by a panel of ‘the most respectable characters in Boston’ and forced to defend the ownership of her own words, since many believed that it was an impossible that she, an African-American slave, could write poetry of such high quality. As related in the 1834 memoir by an outspoken proponent of antislavery, B.B. Thatcher, also included in this volume, the road to publication was not straight, and while it became clear that such a volume could not be published in America at the time, Phillis was recommended to a London publisher, who brought out the book – albeit with an attestation as to her authorship, as well as a ‘letter from her master’ and a short preface asking the reader’s indulgence. This edition includes the attestation, the ‘letter from her master’ and notes from the original publishers as an appendix, so that the twenty-first-century reader can discover Phillis Wheatley as she should have been read – as a poet, not property.

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Refer to this definitive and authoritative book to understand the Jakarta EE Security Spec, with Jakarta Authentication & Authorization as its underlying official foundation. Jakarta EE Security implementations are discussed, such as Soteria and Open Liberty, along with the build-in modules and Jakarta EE Security third-party modules, such as Payara Yubikey & OIDC, and OmniFaces JWT-Auth.The book discusses Jakarta EE Security in relation to SE underpinnings and provides a detailed explanation of how client-cert authentication over HTTPS takes place, how certifications work, and how LDAP-like names are mapped to caller/user names. General (web) security best practices are presented, such as not storing passwords in plaintext, using HTTPS, sanitizing inputs to DB queries, encoding output, and explanations of various (web) attacks and common vulnerabilities are included.Practical examples of securing applications discuss common needs such as letting users explicitly log in, sign up, verify email safely, explicitly log in to access protected pages, and go direct to the log in page. Common issues are covered such as abandoning an authentication dialog halfway and later accessing protected pages again.What You Will Learn Know what Jakarta/Java EE security includes and how to get started learning and using this technology for today's and tomorrow's enterprise Java applications Secure applications: traditional server-side web apps built with JSF (Faces) as well as applications based on client-side frameworks (such as Angular) and JAX-RS Work with the daunting number of security APIs in Jakarta EE Understand how EE security evolved Who This Book Is ForJava developers using Jakarta EE and writing applications that need to be secured (every application). Basic knowledge of Servlets and CDI is assumed. Library writers and component providers who wish to provide additional authentication mechanisms for Jakarta EE also will find the book useful.

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The author is dead, long live the author! This paradox has shaped discussions on authorship since at least the 1960s, when the dominant notion of the individual author-genius was first critically questioned. The ongoing discussion has mainly focused on literature and the arts, but has ignored nearly any artistic practice beyond these two fields. “Constructions of Media Authorship” aims to fill this gap: the volume’s interdisciplinary contributions reflect historical and current artistic practices within various media and attempt to grasp them from different perspectives.The first part sheds a new light on different artistic and design practices and questions the still dominant view on the individual identifiable author. The second part discusses creative practices in literature, emphasizing the interrelation of aesthetic discourses and media practices. The third part investigates authoring in audiovisual media, especially film and TV, while the final part turns to electronic and digital media and their collective creativity and hybrid mediality. The volume is also an attempt to develop new methodological approaches, focusing on the interplay between various human and non-human actors in different media constellations.

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During the nineteenth century, women authors for the first time achieved professional status, secure income, and public fame. How did these women enter the literary profession; meet the demands of editors, publishers, booksellers, and reviewers; and achieve distinction as "women of letters"? Becoming a Woman of Letters examines the various ways women writers negotiated the market realities of authorship, and looks at the myths and models women writers constructed to elevate their place in the profession. Drawing from letters, contracts, and other archival material, Linda Peterson details the careers of various women authors from the Victorian period. Some, like Harriet Martineau, adopted the practices of their male counterparts and wrote for periodicals before producing a best seller; others, like Mary Howitt and Alice Meynell, began in literary partnerships with their husbands and pursued independent careers later in life; and yet others, like Charlotte Bronte, and her successors Charlotte Riddell and Mary Cholmondeley, wrote from obscure parsonages or isolated villages, hoping an acclaimed novel might spark a meteoric rise to fame. Peterson considers these women authors' successes and failures--the critical esteem that led to financial rewards and lasting reputations, as well as the initial successes undermined by publishing trends and pressures. Exploring the burgeoning print culture and the rise of new genres available to Victorian women authors, this book provides a comprehensive account of the flowering of literary professionalism in the nineteenth century.

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Discusses film adaptations of Russian classics since the 1960s Introduces the notion of a literary-cinematic space a modern-day cultural phenomenon, characterised by a synergetic (rather than hierarchical) relationship between its components Traces the development of this synergy in the art of cinematic translation, attained by way of dialogism with and co-authorship in relation to the source text Explores the filmmaker as a creative mediator between two cultures The volume examines several screen adaptations of works written by mid- and late nineteenth-century authors, who constitute the hallmark of the Russian cultural brand, finding favour with audiences in Russia and in the West. It considers reimagining of Goncharov, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Chekhov and Tolstoy in different contexts. The book examines various types of adaptation, including transposition, commentary, and analogy. It focuses on established Russian and western filmmakers' dialogue with the classics taking place in the last 60 years. The book shows how the ideological and/or philosophical concerns of the day serve as a lens for a specific reading of the novel, the story, or the play. By foregrounding a synergetic literary-cinematic space, the book demonstrates how the director becomes a creative mediator between his audiences and the author, taking account of contemporary epistemological imperatives and the particularities of the reception by viewers.

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This book sheds light on the complexity of medieval German literary culture as it evolved in the course of the thirteenth century (c. 1220-1290) by analysing the attitudes of narrative poets towards the issue of authorship. It describes the various ways in which vernacular writers could address the theme of their own authorship within their literary works, and explores the tensions that arose between such authorial strategies on the one hand and their subsequent manuscript transmission on the other. The first part of the book deals with the presentation of authorship in the works of two poets who stand at the heart of literary tradition (Rudolf von Ems; Konrad von Würzburg), and involves discussion of such topics as authorial signature, acrostics, author portraits, and patronage; the second part deals with two genres (heroic epic; short story) that evince a rather more problematic relationship with the figure of the author.

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This study examines the way that the modernization and incorporation of the American publishing industry in the early twentieth century both helped to foment the emerging late industrial cultural hierarchy and capitalized on that same hierarchy to increase readership and profits. More importantly, however, it attempts to trace the ways in which recently-introduced marketing techniques, reconceived ideas of audience, and new paradigms in author-publisher relations affected American writers of the 1930s and the literature they produced. Using case studies of authors chosen from various points on the spectrum of so-called high-, middle-, and lowbrow literature, the author demonstrates that, contrary to popular critical opinion, this new publishing landscape--dominated by big-business practices and strict categorizations of audiences, writers, and works--did not ruin or corrupt literature but in fact enriched our literary heritage by providing authors with inspiration and opportunity that they may not otherwise have had.

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The present volume addresses dynamic and collective authorship by examining how authors and scribes in the Persianate parts of the Islamic world produced, copied, and interpreted texts during the manuscript age within specific cultural contexts, out of political necessity and as a result of professional choices. The processes of scribal adaptation faced by scholars studying the Islamic world in the pre-modern period took many different forms, most of which are still unexplored. The changes applied consist of minor corrections and amendments, as well as full-fledged reworkings of a text and modifications to its core ideological components. Under the label "ideological variations", this volume intends to discuss any deliberate changes in content, rather than form, made by authors, copyists, and readers intervening at various stages in the process of textual production and transmission. Ce volume a pour but d'étudier le caractère collectif et dynamique de la notion d'auteur en évoquant la production, la copie et l'interprétation des textes réalisée par auteurs et copistes du monde musulman persanophone à l'ère des manuscrits. S'inscrivant dans des contextes culturels spécifiques et marqués par nécessités politiques et choix professionnels, ces procédés d'adaption se présentent sous différentes formes, dont la plupart demeurent insuffisamment étudiées. Les changements effectués vont des corrections mineures à la réécriture complète d'un texte dont les fondements idéologiques se trouvent modifiés. Sous le terme de «variantes idéologiques», ce volume se propose ainsi d'étudier toute transformation délibérée du fond plutôt que de la forme d'un texte effectué par auteurs, copistes et lecteurs intervenant à différentes étapes du processus de production et de transmission de celui-ci.

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Who Wrote That? examines nine authorship controversies, providing an introduction to particular disputes and teaching students how to assess historical documents, archival materials, and apocryphal stories, as well as internet sources and news. Donald Ostrowski does not argue in favor of one side over another but focuses on the principles of attribution used to make each case. While furthering the field of authorship studies, Who Wrote That? provides an essential resource for instructors at all levels in various subjects. It is ultimately about historical detective work. Using Moses, Analects, the Secret Gospel of Mark, Abelard and Heloise, the Compendium of Chronicles, Rashid al-Din, Shakespeare, Prince Andrei Kurbskii, James MacPherson, and Mikhail Sholokov, Ostrowski builds concrete examples that instructors can use to help students uncover the legitimacy of authorship and to spark the desire to turn over the hidden layers of history so necessary to the craft.

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Who Wrote That? examines nine authorship controversies, providing an introduction to particular disputes and teaching students how to assess historical documents, archival materials, and apocryphal stories, as well as internet sources and news. Donald Ostrowski does not argue in favor of one side over another but focuses on the principles of attribution used to make each case. While furthering the field of authorship studies, Who Wrote That? provides an essential resource for instructors at all levels in various subjects. It is ultimately about historical detective work. Using Moses, Analects, the Secret Gospel of Mark, Abelard and Heloise, the Compendium of Chronicles, Rashid al-Din, Shakespeare, Prince Andrei Kurbskii, James MacPherson, and Mikhail Sholokov, Ostrowski builds concrete examples that instructors can use to help students uncover the legitimacy of authorship and to spark the desire to turn over the hidden layers of history so necessary to the craft.

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Roman Letters offers a rich selection of original translations of ancient Roman letters spanning from the 1st century BCE to the 2nd century CE. Chronologically arranged and grouped according to author or collection, the letters cover various topics and themes selected from a broad range of authors. A unique single volume text that makes classical letters accessible and readable to undergraduates and the non-specialist reader Presents a wide range of authors and material, with over 200 selected texts Includes selections that illustrate a complete cycle of correspondence, as well as letters written by the same author and covering the same topic/theme but sent to different recipients Letters are arranged chronologically, with letters grouped according to author or collection An accompanying website offers additional, complementary letters Topical index highlights various topics and themes represented by the letters

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Roman Letters offers a rich selection of original translations of ancient Roman letters spanning from the 1st century BCE to the 2nd century CE. Chronologically arranged and grouped according to author or collection, the letters cover various topics and themes selected from a broad range of authors. A unique single volume text that makes classical letters accessible and readable to undergraduates and the non-specialist reader Presents a wide range of authors and material, with over 200 selected texts Includes selections that illustrate a complete cycle of correspondence, as well as letters written by the same author and covering the same topic/theme but sent to different recipients Letters are arranged chronologically, with letters grouped according to author or collection An accompanying website offers additional, complementary letters Topical index highlights various topics and themes represented by the letters

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Reports of the miraculous abound in early Christian literature, in early Jewish texts and in the works of various Greco-Roman authors. In this collection of essays, largely the product of a symposium held at the University of Regensburg in June 2011, scholars specializing in a wide range of areas involving the ancient Mediterranean explore the representation of miracles in ancient literature. The central questions addressed include the following: How do ancient authors express their attitude toward the miracles they report? What value do they place in miraculous accounts? Which literary techniques do authors use to indicate whether or not they take a particular miraculous occurrence as true? How do they qualify, cast doubt on, or deny the validity of a report? Against this backdrop, a further question comes to the fore: What are the relationships between the multiple literary genres and religious contexts within which miraculous stories are told? These questions are raised and variously answered in essays treating the Hebrew Bible, New Testament, rabbinic sources, Christian apocrypha, martyrdom stories, and the works of Greek and Roman authors, including Galen and Lucian of Samosata. The contribution of this volume lies in the juxtaposition of various perspectives: Jewish, Christian and pagan authors are all brought into play; texts in which accounts of miracles are narrated are discussed alongside texts in which authors reflect on such accounts - either positively or negatively.

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The book "A closer look at proteolysis" is conceived as a review of modern knowledge from various fields related to proteolytic processes. Due to the simple approach to explaining various aspects of the topics related to proteolysis, it will be of interest to a wide audience, as well for the scientific community. The first chapter provides an overview of basic concepts related to proteolysis, and the classification of proteases with an emphasis on proteases that have been identified as key in various pathophysiological conditions. After that, in the second chapter, the reader is introduced to proteases that participate in the development of malignancy. The proteases that are perceived as potential candidates for the development of anticancer treatments are highlighted. The third chapter provides an insight into the basics of intracellular proteolysis, with an emphasis on proteolysis of the intrinsically disordered proteins and the consequences that proteolysis of these proteins has in plant cells particularly. In the fourth chapter, the authors provide the latest knowledge on the possibility of using a standard protease for mass spectrometry to determine post-translational modifications of proteins, which is the most recent challenge in proteomics-based research. Although often used as therapeutics, peptides and proteins are susceptible to proteolysis under physiological conditions, so the design of drugs that mimic the action of proteins and peptides is a big challenge for medicinal chemists. In the fifth chapter, the authors elaborate on the ways to overcome proteolysis in potential therapeutic agents, using the rational design of modern peptidomimetics. The authors of the sixth chapter look at the correlation between the stability to proteolytic digestion and the allergenicity of food proteins. Chapters seven and eight are devoted to microbial proteases. The author of the seventh chapter gives an overview of the yeast proteases characterized so far, while the authors of the eighth chapter consider the possibilities for the production of purification of Bacillus proteases and their application in various biotechnological processes. In the last, ninth chapter, the technological significance of proteolytic processes in the food industry is emphasized. The authors presented methodologies that can be used to determine different bioactive peptides produced during cheese ripening.

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JOHN HILL is Professor of Media at Royal Holloway, University of London. He is the author of Sex, Class and Realism: British Cinema 195663 (1986), British Cinema in the 1980s (1999) and Cinema and Northern Ireland: Film, Culture and Politics (2006), the co-author of Cinema and Ireland (1987) and the co-editor of various collections, including The Oxford Guide to Film Studies (1998).

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Featuring completely updated chapters, additional authors, and an increased emphasis on alternatives to traditional pesticides, the second edition of Ecological Entomology is the field's leading reference on the role of insects in ecosystems. The authors cover insect growth and development, what they eat, how they reproduce, and how they move in various environments. The book also examines how insects interact with the plant community and how to control insect populations naturally.

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The author has gathered together over 200 nostalgic images of various modes of transport in his home county of Devon.

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