Search results for ""Author United Nations""

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.Conformément à l'article 102 de la Charte et aux résolutions pertinentes de l'Assemblée générale, tous les traités et accords internationaux enregistrés ou classés auprès du Secrétariat depuis 1946 sont publiés dans le Recueil des traités. Actuellement, la collection comprend environ 30.000 traités reproduits dans leur langue d'origine, avec des traductions en anglais et en français, si nécessaire.

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In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.

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In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary. The Treaty Series, where treaties are published in the chronological order of registration, also provides details about their subsequent history (i.e., participation in a treaty, reservations, amendments, termination, etc.). Comprehensive Indices covering 50-volume-lots are published separately. A Standing Order service is available for the Series and out-of-print volumes are available on microfiche.

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Official Records of the Resolutions and Decisions of the Economic and Social Council for Organizational and Resumed Organizational and Substantive and Resumed Substantive Sessions of 2017. The UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) discusses global economic, social and environmental challenges. It coordinates the related work of UN entities and regional commissions, as well as of its subsidiary bodies, particularly its functional commissions. Its annual, month-long substantive session in July is held in alternate years in New York and Geneva.

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Issued three times a year, the Bulletin provides cogent and timely information on issues related to the Convention on the Law of the Sea - 'the constitution for the ocean' and contains the most recent legal materials relevant to the law of the sea. It includes national legislation, bilateral agreements and multilateral treaties, as well as, information on decisions of the International Court of Justice, arbitral tribunals and other dispute settlement procedures.

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Issued three times a year, the Bulletin provides cogent and timely information on issues related to the Convention on the Law of the Sea - 'the constitution for the ocean' - and contains the most recent legal materials relevant to the law of the sea. It includes national legislation, bilateral agreements and multilateral treaties as well as information on decisions of the International Court of Justice, arbitral tribunals and other dispute settlement procedures.

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The Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Water Convention), hosted by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), requires Parties to establish and implement joint programmes for monitoring transboundary waters, to carry out joint or coordinated assessments of the conditions of transboundary waters and to exchange data and information to enable sustainable management and protection of shared water resources. The Updated Strategies for Monitoring and Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters provide strategic guidance on monitoring, assessment and data sharing in a transboundary context, building on the global experience on these issues. The publication is intended to assist policy and decision makers, representatives of joint bodies for transboundary water cooperation, and water managers responsible for establishing and carrying out cooperation between riparian countries, in operationalising cooperation over transboundary waters. It aims to contribute to the effective implementation of the Water Convention and improved transboundary water cooperation worldwide

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Energy underpins the development of economies and most of the goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda). The energy sector plays a critical role in finding solutions for both sustainable development and climate change mitigation. Since the universal agreement on the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including the goal on sustainable energy SDG 7 in 2015, countries have commenced with the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. However, at this stage, there is a gap between the agreed energy and climate targets and the strategies and systems that are being put in place today to achieve them. Accelerated and more ambitious strategies and policies will be needed to fill the persistent gaps to achieve the 2030 Agenda, and in particular, energy will need to play an increasing role across various SDGs. If gaps are not addressed urgently, more drastic and expensive action will be required to avoid extreme and, potentially, unrecoverable adaptation measures. Currently, there are many different interpretations of what is “sustainable energy”. Countries in the region of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) have not yet agreed on a collective pathway to achieve energy for sustainable development. For the ECE region there is an important opportunity to explore the implications of different sustainable energy pathways and to work together on developing and deploying policies and measures to attain the 2030 Agenda. This is why the Committee on Sustainable Energy (the Committee) initiated this flagship project “Pathways to Sustainable Energy” (the project). The objective of the project is the development of strategies and actions to ensure the attainment of sustainable energy in the ECE regionThe project's goal is to strengthen the knowledge and capacities of countries to develop, implement and track national sustainable energy policies aligned with their commitments on climate change and sustainable development, and to understand the objectives and actions of other countries. The project aims to contribute concretely to climate change mitigation and sustainable development

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The safety guidelines and good practices aim to support governments, competent authorities and operators in minimizing the risk of fire and safely retaining firefighting water. They are intended to enhance existing practices and promote harmonized safety standards for firefighting water management and retention, in order to prevent accidental pollution of soil and water, including pollution that could cause transboundary effects. The guidelines were developed by the Joint Expert Group on Water and Industrial Accidents - a joint group between the Water and Industrial Accidents Conventions – in cooperation with the Expert Group on Fire-water Retention and supported by the UNECE secretariat.

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People in danger have received protection in communities beyond their own from the earliest times of recorded history. The causes — war, conflict, violence, persecution, natural disasters, and climate change — are as familiar to readers of the news as to students of the past. It is 70 years since nations in the wake of World War II drew up the landmark 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. People Forced to Flee marks this milestone. It is the latest in a long line of publications, stretching back to 1993, that were previously entitled The State of the World's Refugees. The book traces the historic path that led to the 1951 Convention, showing how history was made, by taking the centuries-old ideals of safety and solutions for refugees, to global practice. It maps its progress during which international protection has reached a much broader group of people than initially envisaged. It examines international responses to forced displacement within borders as well as beyond them, and the protection principles that apply to both. It reviews where they have been used with consistency and success, and where they have not. At times, the strength and resolve of the international community seems strong, yet solutions and meaningful solidarity are often elusive. Taking stock today - at this important anniversary – is all the more crucial as the world faces increasing forced displacement. Most is experienced in low- and middle-income countries and persists for generations. People forced to flee face barriers to improving their lives, contributing to the communities in which they live and realizing solutions. Everywhere, an effective response depends on the commitment to international cooperation set down in the 1951 Convention: a vision often compromised by efforts to minimize responsibilities. There is growing recognition that doing better is a global imperative. Humanitarian and development action has the potential to be transformational, especially when grounded in the local context. People Forced to Flee examines how and where increased development investments in education, health and economic inclusion are helping to improve socioeconomic opportunities both for forcibly displaced persons and their hosts. In 2018, the international community reached a Global Compact on Refugees for more equitable and sustainable responses. It is receiving deeper support. People Forced to Flee looks at whether that is enough for what could – and should – help define the next 70 years.

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The nascent movement to enact a nuclear ban treaty has reframed the problem of nuclear weapons from defense strategies to the issues of humanitarian and environmental consequences. This volume of Civil Society Engagement in Disarmament Processes presents a case for the nuclear ban treaty as a vital first step in nuclear weapons' ultimate abolition.

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The Model Regulations cover the classification of dangerous goods and their listing, the use, construction, testing and approval of packagings and portable tanks, and the consignment procedures (marking, labelling, placarding and documentation). They aim at ensuring a high level of safety by preventing accidents to persons and property and damage to the environment during transport and, providing at the same time, a uniform regulatory framework which can be applied worldwide for national or international transport by any mode.

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The Manual of Tests and Criteria contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). As a consequence, it supplements also national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS. At its ninth session (7 December 2018), the Committee adopted a set of amendments to the sixth revised edition of the Manual as amended by Amendment 1. This seventh revised edition takes account of these amendments. In addition, noting that the work to facilitate the use of the Manual in the context of the GHS had been completed, the Committee considered that the reference to the “Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods” in the title of the Manual was no longer appropriate, and decided that from now on, the Manual should be entitled “Manual of Tests and Criteria"".

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Les simulations de modèle Nations Unies (MONU) sont des exercices de grande popularité pour ceux qui souhaitent en savoir plus sur les Nations Unies. Des centaines de milliers d'étudiants dans le monde participent chaque année à des simulations, à tous les niveaux, de l'école à l'université. De nombreux dirigeants actuels dans les domaines du droit, du service public, des affaires, des sciences humaines et des arts ont participé à de telles simulations en tant qu'étudiants. Certains Modèles ONU cependant ne suivent pas toujours le règlement intérieur et les pratiques de l'ONU. Ce livre est conçu pour aider les futurs étudiants et enseignants lors de simulations MONU concernant les aspects pratiques de l'organisation et de la participation à des MONU qui soient proches et conformes au fonctionnement réel de l'ONU.

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This report, planned to be released annually, is about working through the real-life choices and practical constraints that make it difficult to address hunger effectively. It is aimed at policy makers in developing and developed countries, and attempts to fill an important gap in existing reports on hunger. While other reports monitor trends towards international goals or serve primarily as advocacy tools, the World Hunger Series (WHS) focuses on practical strategies to achieve an end to hunger. It examines themes related to three types of risks—social and health; markets and trade; and political and environmental—that perpetuate hunger and stymie development. Each report in the new series will present state-of-the-art thinking on that year's theme, combined with an analysis of the practical challenges to implementing solutions. Based on this context, the reports will identify realistic steps to address hunger. This edition of the report examines the relationship between hunger and learning. It takes a long-term perspective: what happens at one stage of life affects later stages, and what happens in one generation affects the next. The Series has four parts. Part one, the Global Hunger Situation, surveys the current state of hunger in the world. Part two, Hunger and Learning, explores the two-way relationship between hunger and learning through the life cycle. Part three is an Agenda for Action, identifying concrete interventions to promote hunger reduction and learning. Finally, part four, a Resource Compendium, contains technical annexes and supporting data.

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The Yearbook contains the official records of the Commission and is an indispensable tool for the preservation of the legislative history of the documents emanating from the Commission, as well as for the teaching, study, dissemination and wider appreciation of the efforts undertaken by the Commission in the progressive development of international law and its codification. Volume II (Part One) reproduces the edited versions of the official documents considered by the Commission at the respective annual session

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Hunger and Markets is the third volume of the UN World Food Programme's World Hunger Series - created to help promote a better understanding of the choices confronting leaders as they work to fight hunger. It appears at a crucial time, with food prices at high levels, a severe global financial crisis and vulnerable households around the world endangering their future health, education and productivity by reducing both the quality and the quantity of their food intake. Hunger and Markets explores the complex and multifaceted interactions between the availability of and access to food and the operations of markets. The structure and dynamics of food markets and the threats and opportunities markets generate are crucial for the access to food for billions of people. Markets are also critical in averting or mitigating food shortages and hunger by adjusting to shocks, reducing vulnerability and coping with crises. Whether markets help or harm the hungry poor is a function of markets' institutions, infrastructure and policies. This volume analyzes the workings of markets in order to identify the sources of market failures in addressing hunger and malnutrition, and to highlight the ways in which they can be improved. The report sets out the ways in which programme design and policy formulation can build on the strengths of markets to prevent possible negative effects, and will be essential reading for all those involved in the fight against world hunger. Published with World Food Programme

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This is the official report submitted annually to the General Assembly by the Conference on Disarmament on its 2020 session.

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As a response to the growing concern of States regarding the nexus between transnational organised crime (TOC) and terrorism (often referred to as simply: the Nexus), the United Nations Inter-regional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) has been working in partnership with the Netherlands under the umbrella of the Global Counter-terrorism Forum (GCTF) Nexus between Transnational Organized Crime and Terrorism Initiative (Nexus Initiative), to support the international community on this matter. This Nexus Policy Toolkit marks the culmination of the process of research and consultation, and was designed to further support practitioners, policymakers as well as other governmental experts, to formulate responses and to translate the Good Practices into concrete actions. More specifically, the Toolkit will help States to better understand this evolving phenomenon; and, provide States with guidance on how to respond to the links between organised crime and terrorism. The Toolkit also provides definitions and watch points that facilitate its 'monitoring'.

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This report provides an overview of the estimated and projected trends in mortality at the world level, for development groups and major areas; the analysis also focuses on country and regional data for selected mortality indicators. In addition to examining the summary indicator of life expectancy at birth, the report analyzes levels and trends in mortality for key age groups in childhood and provides a snapshot of adult and “old age” mortality levels. It examines the socio-economic determinants of child hood mortality at the aggregate level across countries, and on disparities within countries in 50 low-and middle-income countries based on Demographic and Health Surveys data

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First launched in 1967 this handbook has evolved to incorporate new statistics to ensure that readers have access to the best possible information available. This edition continues in this tradition and introduces 'nowcasted' estimates for total merchandised trade, total services trade and GDP on a worldwide basis

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UNCTAD's Guidance on a limited number of core SDG indicators for companies reporting has been developed based on elaborations on the SDG reporting issues during the ISAR annual sessions and at the intersessional forums, including Consultative Group meetings, since 2016. The core SDG indicators consider the economic, environmental, social and institutional areas. They were identified based on key reporting principles, selection criteria, main reporting frameworks and companies reporting practices. The GCI represents an entry point that builds on communalities of the ESG reporting field. The Guidance provides practical information on how the core indicators could be measured in a consistent manner and in alignment with countries' needs on monitoring the implementation of the SDG Agenda

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This report looks at the prospects for foreign direct investment and international production during and beyond the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. It not only projects the immediate impact of the crisis on investment flows, but also assesses how it could affect a long-term structural transformation of international production. It reviews the evolution of international production networks over the past three decades and examines the configuration of these networks today. It then projects likely course changes for the next decade due to the combined effects of the pandemic and pre-existing megatrends, including the new industrial revolution, the sustainability imperative and the retreat of laissez faire policies

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The 2018 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons (Booklet 1) provides a comprehensive analysis of the crime of trafficking in persons and how countries are responding to it. On the basis of the mandate from the 2010 Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons, UNODC is collecting data on patterns and flows of trafficking in persons at the national, regional and international levels, and using this data to produce the biennial Global Report. The Trafficking in Persons in the Context of Armed Conflict (Booklet 2) provides an extensive desk review of available literature, court cases from the international criminal courts and tribunals and expert interviews with United Nations peacekeeping personnel. The result is an overview of trafficking in persons and its direct and indirect links to armed conflict.

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The World Investment Report 2023 provides the latest trends and prospects for foreign direct investment. It documents a challenging year for cross-border investment flows, looking at greenfield investment in industry, project finance in infrastructure, and international production activities of the largest multinationals. Dedicated sections provide data on international investment in the SDGs and in sustainable energy. The Report further reviews recent policy developments, including trends in national investment policy measures and international investment agreements. It presents an overview of investment policy measures aimed at supporting the energy transition. The Report also documents sustainability trends in global capital markets, including sustainability-linked financial products, sustainable stock exchanges, institutional investor commitments and financial regulations - all with a special focus on the mobilization of funds for the energy transition. Finally, the theme chapter of the Report discusses ways and means to increase international private sector investment - in particular foreign direct investment and international project finance - in the energy sector in developing countries, taking into account both the energy transition imperative and SDG7 on affordable and reliable access to energy for all

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In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.Conformément à l'article 102 de la Charte et aux résolutions pertinentes de l'Assemblée générale, tous les traités et accords internationaux enregistrés ou classés auprès du Secrétariat depuis 1946 sont publiés dans le Recueil des traités. Actuellement, la collection comprend environ 30.000 traités reproduits dans leur langue d'origine, avec des traductions en anglais et en français, si nécessaire.

Read more less

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.Conformément à l'article 102 de la Charte et aux résolutions pertinentes de l'Assemblée générale, tous les traités et accords internationaux enregistrés ou classés auprès du Secrétariat depuis 1946 sont publiés dans le Recueil des traités. Actuellement, la collection comprend environ 30.000 traités reproduits dans leur langue d'origine, avec des traductions en anglais et en français, si nécessaire.

Read more less

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.

Read more less

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.

Read more less

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.

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This publication provides a historic overview of the efforts within the United Nations to reduce military spending. It examines how the discussions on reducing military budgets have evolved in disarmament forums over the last decades. This includes early efforts to pursue the reduction of military spending throughout the Cold War period as a distinct objective of general and complete disarmament, the emergence of efforts related to promoting transparency on military matters, and the various workstreams carried out under the banner of the relationship between disarmament and development.

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Issued three times a year, the Bulletin provides cogent and timely information on issues related to the Convention on the Law of the Sea - 'the constitution for the ocean' and contains the most recent legal materials relevant to the law of the sea. It includes national legislation, bilateral agreements and multilateral treaties, as well as, information on decisions of the International Court of Justice, arbitral tribunals and other dispute settlement procedures.

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Effective and efficient housing management is important to support the implementation of key UN agreements, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the New Urban Agenda and the Geneva UN Charter on Sustainable Housing. Efficient housing management results in economic benefits and decent housing conditions for inhabitants of condominiums. Housing management, through housing refurbishment programmes, protects the environment and contributes to decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, which supports the efforts of governments and stakeholders to address climate change.

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This publication capitalizes on the findings and lessons learned so far from the work on equitable access to water and sanitation under the UNECE / WHO Regional Office for Europe Protocol on Water and Health. It features the experiences of eleven countries from the pan-European region that have established baseline measures of their situation with regard to equitable access to water and sanitation. This was achieved through multi-stakeholders' self-assessment processes by looking at geographical disparities, specific barriers faced by vulnerable and marginalized groups, affordability concerns, as well as the governance framework.

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The Africa Sustainable Development Report 2018 reviews Africa's performance on five goals, and related targets and indicators of the 2030 Agenda, taking into account their correspondence with Agenda 2063. The report uses the latest data from international sources to track performance and highlight lessons learned in the implementation of the two agendas. In line with the theme of the 2018 High-level Political Forum (HLPF), this year's report is aligned with the theme, 'Transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies' and Goals 6, 7, 11, 12 and 15 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In addition, the report examines trends in science, technology and innovation in Africa and its role in advancing implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals on the continent.

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Exploitation of natural resources has dominated economic activity in Africa but the benefits have accrued only to a privileged few. The continent’s most common strategy of exporting commodities in their raw (non-valued added) form has led to disappointing results, reflected in unsustainable and non-inclusive economic growth, marginal improvements in the well-being of the population, and low levels of economic diversification and transformation. This edition examines efforts to improve the governance of Africa’s abundant natural resources, emphasising the need to strengthen natural resource governance institutions and frameworks to enhance domestic revenue, the promotion of economic diversification, and structural transformation.

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Issue no. 35 of the National Accounts Studies of the Arab Region includes available data and ESCWA estimates of GDP at both current and constant prices, in addition to the consolidated national accounts for each ESCWA member country during the period 2011-2015, and the estimated real GDP growth for 2016. Data was compiled from national statistical sources and by using questionnaires prepared by ESCWA. This publication is intended for economists, social researchers and planners.

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The Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be Used for such Carriage (ATP) is intended to ensure that deep-frozen and chilled foodstuffs are transported efficiently, safely and hygienically and do not pose a danger to human health. It also helps countries avoid the wastage of food through spoilage caused by poor temperature control during carriage. The ATP Agreement provides common standards for temperature-controlled transport equipment such as road vehicles, railway wagons and sea containers (for sea journeys under 150 km) and the tests to ensure the insulating capacity of the equipment and the effectiveness of thermal appliances. New ATP equipment is required to undergo a test of its K coefficient, to prove that the heat escape from the inside to the outside of the body meets the values defined by ATP. All 50 Contracting Parties to the Agreement - including non-UNECE countries (Morocco, Tunisia and Saudi Arabia) - are required to recognize ATP certificates for equipment that conforms to the standards issued by the competent authorities of other Contracting Parties. The ATP lists the products that can be carried under ATP and sets the warmest possible temperature of the load. Fruit and vegetables unless processed are as yet outside the scope of ATP. ATP applies if the point at which the goods are loaded and unloaded are in two different States and the point at which they are unloaded is situated in the territory of a Contracting Party. In other words it applies even if the State where the goods are loaded is not a Contracting Party. Some countries also use the ATP as the basis for their domestic legislation for temperature-controlled transport.

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This publication presents data and statistical indicators on external and intraregional trade in goods in the Arab region. Data are presented in time series until 2015 and were drawn primarily from national sources, and from secondary sources when needed. The Bulletin aims to assist policymakers, analysts, researchers and other users at the national, regional and international levels. It delves into external trade and contains tables on annual trade growth rates in the region; imports and exports of each ESCWA member country and intraregional imports and exports as a share of total imports and exports by country.

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This report addresses the development challenges facing young people in the Arab region. The current young generation is the largest this region has had over the past 50 years, making up 30% of its population. In light of the youth-led movements during and after the 2011 uprisings, the report argues for a renewed policy focus on youth development in the region. It deals with the pillars of human development (income, education and health) with the attainment, achievement and equitable distribution of education, and with the challenges of finding stable and decent jobs. With protracted conflict in several Arab countries, young Arabs have become victims or perpetrators of violence, challenged by difficulties of mobility and migration. AHDR 2016 aims to engage youth in building a better future.

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In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.

Read more less

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.

Read more less

In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter and the relevant General Assembly Resolutions, every treaty and international agreement registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat since 1946 is published in the United Nations Treaty Series. At present, the collection includes about 30,000 treaties reproduced in their authentic languages, together with translations into English and French, as necessary.Conformément à l'article 102 de la Charte et aux résolutions pertinentes de l'Assemblée générale, tous les traités et accords internationaux enregistrés ou classés auprès du Secrétariat depuis 1946 sont publiés dans le Recueil des traités. À l'heure actuelle, la collection comprend environ 30.000 traités reproduits dans leur langue d’origine, avec des traductions en anglais et en français, si nécessaire.

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Taxation plays a critical role in promoting sustainable development and developing countries face significant challenges in mobilising domestic resources. This publication analyses a number of topics which are of particular interest and relevance to developing countries in raising revenues and protecting the tax base. It aims at providing practical assistance to these countries in assessing and addressing the relevant issues in an effective way. Primary audiences are officials of national tax authorities and ministries of finance in developing countries, other professionals dealing with tax matters, the general public, media and universities.

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The ATP Handbook comprises the ATP Agreement itself and its Annexes with comments added where appropriate for clarification or additional explanation of the text. Comments contained in the ATP Handbook are not legally binding for Contracting Parties of the ATP. They are, however, important for the interpretation, harmonization and application of the Agreement as they reflect the opinion of the Working Party on the Transport of Perishable Foodstuffs of the Inland Transport Committee of the Economic Commission for Europe

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