Search results for ""Author United Nations""

The MDG Gap Task Force Report systematically tracks existing international commitments and their fulfilment at the international level in the areas of official development assistance, trade, debt relief, and access to essential medicines and technology as defined by the targets and indicators of MDG 8. The MDG Gap Task Force Report 2014 will build on the 2013 Report, by drawing lessons learned from monitoring MDG 8 and analysing conceptual gaps created by how MDG was originally defined. This should provide insight to discussions on the post-2015 agenda. The Task Force consists of more than 30 UN entities, including participation from the World Bank and the IMF, as well as the OECD and WTO. The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat and UNDP and are the lead agencies in coordinating the work of the Task Force.

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This publication presents data and statistical indicators on external and intraregional trade in goods in the Arab region. Data are presented in time series until 2015 and were drawn primarily from national sources, and from secondary sources when needed. The Bulletin aims to assist policymakers, analysts, researchers and other users at the national, regional and international levels. It delves into external trade and contains tables on annual trade growth rates in the region; imports and exports of each ESCWA member country and intraregional imports and exports as a share of total imports and exports by country.

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This report addresses the development challenges facing young people in the Arab region. The current young generation is the largest this region has had over the past 50 years, making up 30% of its population. In light of the youth-led movements during and after the 2011 uprisings, the report argues for a renewed policy focus on youth development in the region. It deals with the pillars of human development (income, education and health) with the attainment, achievement and equitable distribution of education, and with the challenges of finding stable and decent jobs. With protracted conflict in several Arab countries, young Arabs have become victims or perpetrators of violence, challenged by difficulties of mobility and migration. AHDR 2016 aims to engage youth in building a better future.

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This issue of the Forum focuses on wildlife crime. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society presents policy-oriented articles on issues related to crime prevention and criminal justice, focusing on trends and practices in the field of criminal justice that are of special significance to the international community.

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This edition highlights how intra-African migration is of relevance to the agenda for regional and continental integration and shows that there are still many knowledge gaps, including on the relationship between migration, economic and trade policies. The report seeks to remedy these gaps by drawing on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, global datasets, household surveys and sectoral level data to derive stylized facts about patterns of intra-African migration and channels through which they affect socio-economic development outcomes in Africa. It adopts a human-centered narrative in identifying opportunities for absorption of extra labour in different sectors across the continent.

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This report analyses the state of the world economy, a year and half after the Covid-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The first part of the Report outlines key macro-financial aspects of the global economy, focusing, in particular, on the prospects for a growth recovery while analyzing possible threats from public and private debt, from inflationary spikes as well as from a return to the policies of the past. It pays particular attention to the situation of developing countries in the system of global finance, and discusses issues of debt sustainability. As this year marks its 40th anniversary, the Report also revisits the analyses provided in previous editions in response to shocks, setbacks, and crises that have hampered development during the era of hyper-globalization and underscores its abiding call for an inclusive global economic governance. The second part focuses on climate adaptation. It calls for a transformative approach to climate adaptation, with large-scale public investment programmes to adapt to future as well as current threats, and green industrial policies to drive growth and job creation. It also details reforms of the international financial system needed to get more climate adaptation funds flowing to developing countries

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The Model Regulations cover the classification of dangerous goods and their listing, the use, construction, testing and approval of packagings and portable tanks, and the consignment procedures (marking, labelling, placarding and documentation). They aim at ensuring a high level of safety by preventing accidents to persons and property and damage to the environment during transport and, providing at the same time, a uniform regulatory framework which can be applied worldwide for national or international transport by any mode.

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The publication presents and analyses the findings of the first pilot reporting exercise under the Water Convention, which was carried out in 2017. Progress made in the implementation of the Convention is reviewed and summarised, together with the identification of significant trends, success, challenges and opportunities concerning transboundary water cooperation. The reporting mechanism under the Convention was formally adopted (decision VII/2) by the Meeting of the Parties to the Water Convention at its seventh session (Budapest, 17-19 November 2015).

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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is the first international agreement setting out freedoms, rights and entitlements for all humanity to claim. It emphasizes the inextricable relationship between fundamental freedoms and social justice, and their connection with peace and security. The General Assembly of the United Nations proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping the UDHR constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.

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The Charter of the United Nations was signed in 1945 by 51 countries representing all continents, paving the way for the creation of the United Nations on 24 October 1945. The Statute of the International Court of Justice forms part of the Charter. The aim of the Charter is to save humanity from war; to reaffirm human rights and the dignity and worth of the human person; to proclaim the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small; and to promote the prosperity of all humankind. The Charter is the foundation of international peace and security.

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This publication explores various challenges and possibilities of disarmament education. With 37 years of experience in coordinating people-to-people exchange via voyages on a passenger ship, Peace Boat has implemented various disarmament education programmes over the past decades. As a steering group member organization of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), Peace Boat has been particularly active in engaging hibakusha- atomic-bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Together with hibakusha, Peace Boat has worked with youth from all backgrounds to think about why disarmament is important and how it works. This publication introduces Peace Boat's methodology for disarmament education, which directly stems from lessons learned through implementation of various disarmament education programmes. It also discusses how disarmament education should be implemented in relation to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and how digital technologies can be leveraged to provide a fruitful experience for participants

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The Yearbook collects, compiles and disseminates official statistics on a wide range of topics. Data have been collected from national statistical authorities since 1948 through a set of questionnaires dispatched annually by the United Nations Statistics Division to over 230 national statistical offices. The Yearbook disseminates statistics on population size and composition, births, deaths, marriage and divorce on an annual basis. This edition presents data as available for reference years up to and including 2019.

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Attaining equality between women and men and eliminating all forms of discrimination against women are fundamental human rights and United Nations values. Women around the world nevertheless regularly suffer violations of their human rights throughout their life, and realizing women's human rights has not always been prioritized. Achieving equality between women and men requires a comprehensive understanding of the ways in which women experience discrimination and are denied equality so as to develop appropriate strategies to eliminate such discrimination. This publication provides an introduction to women's human rights, beginning with the main provisions in international human rights law and going on to explain particularly relevant concepts for fully understanding women's human rights.

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The Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean, one of ECLAC's most important annual reports, analyzes in its 2017 edition the economic performance of the region throughout the year, the international context and macroeconomic policies implemented by countries, while also providing an outlook for 2018.

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This publication reviews the advances in frontier technologies including automation, robotics, renewable energy technologies, electric vehicles, biotechnologies and artificial intelligence and analyzes their economic, social and environmental impact. These technologies present immense potentials for the 2030 Agenda, fostering growth, prosperity and environmental sustainability. They also pose significant risks of unemployment, underemployment and rising income and wealth inequality and raise new ethical and moral concerns. The Survey identifies policy measures at national levels with the capacity to both maximize the potential of these technologies and mitigate their risks, thereby striking a balance among economic efficiency, equity and ethical considerations

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The Statistical Yearbook is an annual compilation of a wide range of international economic, social and environmental statistics on over 200 countries and areas, compiled from sources including UN agencies and other international, national and specialized organizations. The 2020 edition contains data available to the Statistics Division as of 31 July 2020 and presents them in 32 tables on topics such as: communication; crime; development assistance; education; energy; environment; finance; gender; international merchandise trade; international tourism; labour force; national accounts; population and migration; price and production indices; and science and technology. Most tables covering the period up to 2020. Accompanying the tables are technical notes providing brief descriptions of major statistical concepts, definitions and classifications.

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The 2019 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Volume II: Trade by Product: provides a condensed and integrated analytical view of the international merchandise trade, and trade in services up to the year 2019 by means of brief descriptive text, concise data tables and charts. The information presented in the publication give an insight into the latest trends of trade of around 260 commodity categories and 11 categories of services.

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The publication contains detailed official national accounts data for over 200 countries or areas of the World for the years 2001 to 2012. It is a valuable source of information on the state and structure of economies worldwide. The data for each country or area are presented in separate chapters with uniform table headings and classifications as recommended in the System of National Accounts 1993 (1993 SNA). Each country chapter also contains a write-up on the methodology and data sources which are used to compile the national accounts. A summary of the SNA conceptual framework, classifications, definitions, is also included in the publication. It contains statistics on gross domestic product by expenditure at current and constant prices and the relations among product, income, saving and net lending; value added by kind of activity at current and constant prices, and output, gross value added and fixed assets by industry; classification of consumption expenditure of general government, households, and non-profit institutions serving households according to purpose; production account through the financial account for the institutional sectors; and cross classification of gross value added by industry and institutional sector.

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The National Accounts Statistics: Analysis of Main Aggregates, 2017 is the forty-eighth issue of this publication which comprises in the form of analytical tables a summary of the principal national accounting aggregates based on official national accounts data for more than 200 countries and areas, covering 1970-2017. It also contains a section on the estimation methods used for compiling data. It is prepared by the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations in cooperation with national statistical offices. Tables include analysis of data on gross domestic product (GDP) by different structural components. They are classified into: 1) analysis of the level and real growth of total and per capita GDP; 2) analysis of the percentage shares of GDP by type of expenditure and gross value added by kind of economic activity; 3) analysis of economic development expressed in terms of real growth of GDP and its components by type of expenditure and gross value added by kind of economic activity, and 4) analysis of price development reflected by implicit price deflators of GDP.

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This publication assesses progress made by individual countries in reconciling their economic and social development with environmental protection, as well as in meeting international commitments on environment and sustainable development. It assists countries in improving their environmental policies by making concrete recommendations for better policy design and implementation. It helps integrate environmental policies into sector-specific policies such as those in agriculture, energy, transport and health. The present publication contains the third Environmental Performance Review of Uzbekistan. It takes stock of progress made by Uzbekistan in the management of its environment since it was reviewed for the second time in 2009–2010

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The 2018 World Drug Report will include an updated overview of recent trends on production, trafficking and consumption of key illicit drugs as well as highlighting a thematic area of concern. The Report contains a global overview of the baseline data and estimates on drug demand and supply and it provides the reference point of information on the drug situation worldwide. The thematic focus of the 2018 Report will present information and issues related to drugs and women, youth and older people.

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The Information Economy Report 2017 analyses the evolving digital economy and its implications for trade and development. While these are still early days of the digital economy, it is already clear that it will have globally transformative impacts on the way we live, work and develop our economies. As the world strives to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, harnessing the power of information and communications technologies (ICTs) is essential. Large parts of the developing world remain disconnected from the Internet, and many people lack access to high-speed broadband connectivity. Policymaking at the national and international levels needs to mitigate the risk that digitalisation could widen existing divides and create new gaps. Since increased reliance on digital technologies, such as cloud computing, three-dimensional printing, big data and "the Internet of things", it is essential to start assessing opportunities and pitfalls alike, and to prepare for what is coming. The analysis contained in the report contributes to this process and proposes ways in which the international community can reduce inequality, enable the benefits of digitalization to reach all people and ensure that no one is left behind by the evolving digital economy.

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One of the main value additions of the Survey 2023 is a proposal for an augmented Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) approach that duly incorporates SDG investment needs, potential socioeconomic and environmental gains, government's structural policies that go beyond financial considerations, and government's resource mobilisation strategies and financial capacity. The Survey 2023 also provides new insights on how to prevent potential public debt crises and resolve public debt distress in order to effectively pursue the SDGs. For example, in prevention of public debt crisis, governments will need to explore unconventional policy measures such as leveraging the potential of non-tax policy measures and public assets. In resolving public debt distress governments might need to bring the rising number of commercial debt creditors into discussions with the existing institutional investors, while fundamental policy actions to enhance fiscal resources are still needed, governments will also need to explore unconventional policy measures, such as leveraging the potential of non-tax policy measures and public assets amid rising public indebtedness. In resolving public debt distress, while the emergence of commercial creditors brings new opportunities as many of them are increasingly mindful about the importance of sustainable development, their participation in the existing global debt architecture is virtually missing. At the same time, several unconventional, SDG-aligned debt relief modalities have recently been proposed. Amid these and other changes in the global and Asia-Pacific debt landscapes and rising public indebtedness in the region, it is time to rethink public debt issues in support of the SDGs

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The average achievements the Asia-Pacific region has seen in education, employment and income reflect the role economic growth can play in helping people realize their potential. However, these achievements represent only that: an average. With an increasing gap between rich and poor and between those who have and those who do not have access to opportunities, Asia and the Pacific is also a region that is growing apart. This report adopts a rigorous approach to measuring and quantifying progress in the level of inclusion and empowerment of marginalised groups across countries in the region. It focuses on three main areas of direct link to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the SDGs, namely education, employment and income (SDG 4, SDG 8 and SDG 10). The purpose of the analysis is to assess to what extent disadvantaged groups have been included and empowered in these three areas. While there are various disadvantaged groups, the report focuses on women, rural residents, persons with disabilities, youth, older persons and migrants, as well as the furthest behind groups, which are shaped by various layers of circumstances. The aim of this report is to use analytical evidence to encourage policymakers to adopt policies that underpin inclusion and empowerment in their countries

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This Bulletin presents data and statistical indicators on external and intraregional trade in goods in ESCWA member countries. Data are presented in time series until 2015 and were drawn primarily from national sources, and from secondary sources when needed. The Bulletin aims to assist policymakers, analysts, researchers and other users at the national, regional and international levels.This bilingual publication contains information in Arabic and English.

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This report, developed by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific in cooperation Asian Development Bank, offers an evidence-based look at progress at the regional and country level, providing an overview of long-term trends since 1990, and focuses on progress achieved in the most recent period, 2012-2014. Furthermore, it examines the key drivers behind progress, as well as identifies major challenges to achieving energy access, efficiency, and renewable energy objectives. Evidence is drawn from the Global Tracking Framework (GTF) data, as well as other international sources to provide a comprehensive view of progress in light of regional and national contexts. A strong focus is also placed on examining national policy frameworks and offering case studies to illustrate national approaches to common challenges faced by countries advancing the sustainable energy agenda

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Expanding access to contraception is essential for achieving universal access to reproductive health-care services, as called for in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This Highlights presents estimates of contraceptive use and needs from 1990 to 2020, and projections to 2030 for 196 countries or areas of the world as well as regional and global trends. It describes the impact of population growth and changes in demand for family planning on the projected numbers of women who are contraceptive users or have unmet need for family planning. It also discusses global progress in meeting the demand for family planning with modern methods as called for in the 2030 Agenda (SDG indicator 3.7.1) and how satisfying the demand for family planning with modern methods can contribute towards progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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This publication contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). It also supplements national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS.

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El Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano 2020 (que celebra su 30º aniversario) constituye la última edición de la serie de Informes sobre Desarrollo Humano publicados a escala mundial por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) desde 1990. Estos informes ofrecen una explicación independiente, analítica y basada en datos empíricos sobre los principales problemas, tendencias y políticas en el ámbito del desarrollo. Este informe ofrece una alternativa necesaria y que invita a la reflexión frente a la parálisis ante un alarmante cambio planetario. Su publicación se produce en el momento en que la pandemia de COVID-19 ofrece una visión de lo que pudiera ser una ""nueva normalidad"" al mismo tiempo que abre la oportunidad de que la humanidad cambie de rumbo. El informe también plantea un nuevo Índice de Desarrollo Humano, de carácter experimental, ajustado por las presiones planetarias.

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The report presents key facts and messages regarding international migration globally and by region during 2000-2020, based on the 2020 revision of the international migrant stock data set, which provides updated estimates of numbers of persons living outside their country of birth, classified by age, sex and origin, for 232 countries and areas. The report also reviews policies and programmes to promote planned and well-managed migration and provides an overview of SDG indicator 10.7.2 on the number of countries with migration policies to facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, used for measuring progress toward the achievement of SDG target 10.7

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This publication outlines the region's economic performance in 2020 and analyses trends in the early months of 2021, as well as the outlook for the rest of the year. It examines the external and domestic factors that have influenced the region's economic performance, analyses the characteristics of growth, prices and the labour market, and draws attention to some of the macroeconomic policy challenges of the prevailing external conditions, amid mounting uncertainty stemming mainly from political factors. It analyses the dynamics of investment and its determinants, with a view to identifying the different variables on which public policy can act to influence the trajectory of investment. This edition also analyses the impact of the crisis caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the region's labour markets, with a comparison of historical trends, and particular emphasis placed on the disproportionate effect of the pandemic on female and youth employment

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This ECLAC annual report sets out and analyses the main foreign direct investment (FDI) trends in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. In the region, FDI inflows were up (by 13.2%) year on year for the first time in five years, at US 184.287 billion. This performance is explained by higher flows into just a few countries, however, mainly Brazil and Mexico. Moreover, it does not reflect equity investment, but higher inflows in the form of intercompany loans and, to a lesser extent, reinvestment of earnings. Manufactures and services were the sectors receiving most equity, although there was a slight rise in investment in natural resource sectors compared with 2018

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This publication is a summary of the principal national accounting aggregates based on official national accounts data for more than 200 countries and areas, covering the years from 1970 to 2012. Tables include analysis of data on gross domestic product (GDP) by different structural components, which are classified into: 1) analysis of the level of total and per capita GDP; 2) analysis of the percentage shares of GDP by type of expenditure and gross value added by kind of economic activity; 3) analysis of economic development expressed in terms of real growth of GDP and its components by type of expenditure and gross value added by kind of economic activity, and 4) analysis of price development reflected by implicit price deflators of GDP.

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These Recommendations have been developed by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods in light of technical progress, the advent of new substances and materials, the exigencies of modern transport systems and, above all, the requirement to ensure the safety of people, property and the environment. They are addressed to governments and international organizations concerned with the regulation of the transport of dangerous goods. They do not apply to the bulk transport of dangerous goods in sea-going or inland navigation bulk carriers or tank-vessels, which is subject to special international or national regulations.

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The Asset Recovery Handbook: A Guide for Practitioners has been updated in 2020 by the Stolen Asset Recovery (StAR) initiative, a joint initiative of the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime and the World Bank focused on encouraging and facilitating a more systematic and timely return of stolen assets. Designed as a how-to manual, the handbook guides practitioners as they grapple with the strategic, organizational, investigative, and legal challenges of recovering assets that have been stolen by corrupt leaders and hidden abroad. It provides common approaches to recovering stolen assets located in foreign jurisdictions, identifies the challenges that practitioners are likely to encounter, and introduces good practices. By consolidating into a single framework, information that is dispersed across various professional backgrounds, the handbook has enhanced the effectiveness of practitioners working in a team environment. After 10 years of serving as a recognized reference for practitioners and trainers since it was first published in 2011, the StAR initiative decided to develop this updated version by incorporating developments based on the experience collected during this decade, including new legislation and case examples. This 2020 second edition emphasizes the need to utilize innovative strategies and technical tools, including in the context of international cooperation

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The Yearbook comprises annual data for 230 countries and areas for 2015-2018 on production, trade and consumption of energy: solids, liquids, gaseous fuels, electricity and heat, covering both renewable and non-renewable sources of energy. Per capita consumption series are also provided for all energy products. Graphs illustrate historic trends and/or changes in composition of production and/or consumption of major energy products. Special tables include: international trade tables for coal, crude petroleum and natural gas by partner countries – providing information on direction of trade; statistics on renewables and wastes; refinery distillation capacity; and selected energy resources

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‘There are few historical developments more significant than the realisation that those in power should not be free to torture and abuse those who are not.’ – Amal Clooney On 10 December 1948, in Paris, the United Nations General Assembly adopted an extraordinarily ground-breaking and important proclamation: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This milestone document, made up of thirty Articles, sets out, for the first time, the fundamental human rights that must be protected by all nations. The full text of the document is reproduced in this book following a foreword by human rights lawyer Amal Clooney and a general introduction which explores its origins in the ‘Four Freedoms’ described by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the role his wife Eleanor Roosevelt took on as chair of the Human Rights Commission and of the drafting committee, and the parts played by other key international members of the Commission. It was a pioneering achievement in the wake of the Second World War and continues to provide a basis for international human rights law, making this document’s aims ‘as relevant today as when they were first adopted a lifetime ago.’

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This publication provides information on and independent analyses of trends and developments in: (a) intra- and inter-regional trade in goods and services; (b) foreign direct investment; (c) trade facilitation measures; (d) trade policy measures; and (e) preferential trade policies and agreements. It provides insights into the impacts of these recent and emerging developments on countries' abilities to meet the challenges of achieving inclusive and sustainable development. It identifies and studies emerging issues in all these areas and offers innovative policy options towards building capacities of governments in the region to meet the challenges of achieving inclusive and sustainable development. APTIR 2014 shows that, while the Asia-Pacific region remains the most dynamic pole of the global economy, growth in trade and investment has yet to return to pre-crisis levels. The Report is aimed at policymakers as well as practitioners and experts, academia, business, international agencies and non-governmental organizations working or interested in these issues in the Asia-Pacific region. It comes with separate country and subregional country briefs.

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The Forest Products Annual Market Review, 2015-2016 provides general and statistical information on forest products markets in 2015 and early 2016 in the UN Economic Commission for Europe region (North America, Europe, the CIS), as well as market influences from outside the UNECE region. The Review covers the range of products from the forest to the final end-user: from roundwood and primary processed products to value-added and innovative wood products. Statistic-based chapters of the Review analyse markets of wood raw materials, sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, wood-based panels, paper, paper board and woodpulp. Other chapters analyse policies, innovative wood products, markets of wood energy, value-added wood products and housing. A special section on pallets and wooden packaging is also included this year. Underlying the analysis is a comprehensive collection of data.

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The global business environment has undergone a major transformation that requires greater knowledge to address the social and environmental challenges of our time. Due to severe climate change and widening of gaps between socioeconomic groups, businesses are pressured to change normative management practices and operations towards development that is both inclusive and sustainable. While shareholders have a vested interest in financial economic returns, stakeholders are more broadly interested in business' objectives, policies and operations which may impact the global sustainability. In this context, the notion of socially responsible business (SRB) is gaining relevance. SRB is an approach in which for-profit businesses are proactively operating and undertaking projects that are aligned to achieving the long-term economic, social and environmental objectives of society. This book aims to increase the knowledge of policymakers and corporate leaders on SRB practices.

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Sustainable Development Goal 8 calls for promoting sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth. These three aspects of economic growth correspond to the three pillars of sustainable development: economic resilience, social inclusiveness and environmental sustainability. The region has made tremendous progress on the economic front. However, economic inequality within and among the region's economies has increased, and rapid expansion of economic output has contributed to untenable levels of environmental degradation. The Survey shows that this is an opportune time for governments to initiate policies that can make economies resilient, inclusive and sustainable. It contains analyses of such issues and explores policy options.

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