Search results for ""Author Lowell T. Duncan""

Advances in Health and Disease. Volume 16 first discusses iliopsoas, is a complex musculotendinous unit that acts primarily as a hip flexor, but it is also involved in pelvic stability and trunk balance. Although iliopsoas disorders are one of the most common causes of anterior hip pain in young athletes and active people, tendinopathy may also be described in elderly patients after total hip replacement. The authors go on to discuss, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), a significant enteric pathogen of public health concern that causes toxin-mediated diarrhea in humans. CDI is commonly reported among hospital in-patients undergoing prolonged antibiotic therapy, which disrupts normal gut microflora. Additionally, schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by trematodes of the genus Schistosoma, is examined. After malaria, schistosomiasis remains the most prevalent tropical disease in the world. Despite significant efforts to control schistosomiasis, the disease remains of considerable public health and economic importance in many developing countries. The authors describe the clinical and pathological manifestations of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza as experienced firsthand in over a decade of infection in West Africa, and emphasize effective control measures. A concise summary of pediatric post-laminectomy kyphosis is provided via a discussion of the following areas: the background and pathophysiology of how post-laminectomy kyphosis occurs in a pediatric population, risk factors for kyphosis, methods of prevention and eventual treatment if the kyphotic deformity progresses, and relevant studies of post-laminectomy kyphosis in post-tumor resection and post-spinal cord injury. A clinical and histopathological overview of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and genetic, is also provided. Later, the authors explore mucositis, inflammatory and/or ulcerative lesions of the oral and/or gastrointestinal system. It is one of the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy used in cancer treatment. Similarly explored is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a chronic inflammatory condition of the intestines with an incompletely understood pathophysiology. IBD encompasses gut inflammation which leads to changes in neutrally-controlled functions of the gut including abdominal pain, cramps, urgency to defecate, and diarrhea. The penultimate chapter focuses on flat foot, a common postural disorder of lower extremity in children. It may occur during the growth and developmental period of children, and has been found to normally reduce with age. The aim of the closing study is to investigate the occurrence of differences in flexible flatfoot in adolescents who have trained various sports (football, swimming, basketball, team handball, karate) in comparison to the untrained adolescents.

Read more less

Volume 15 explores the current knowledge relating extracellular calreticulin to human pathologies, focusing on cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, wound repair and the retroviral infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Following this, the authors provide an overview of the tumor markers and scoring systems as well as it's utilization for effective diagnosis of female adnexal masses. Appropriate discrimination between benign and malignant mass results in the correct choice between conservative and surgical management. This collection also presents the way in which two B-glucans play a vital role in innate immunity modulation, and are therefore predicted to be candidates for alternative therapies against inflammatory diseases. Subsequently, the authors present indications, techniques, complications and treatment regarding the use of polyacrylamide for facial wasting rehabilitation. Medical literature shows how facial wasting is recognized as a stigma of the infection for the patient-self, and as such facial features restoring is crucial to the social life of HIV positive patients. In conclusion, the major issues regard reduced nostril aperture and nasal fossae volume, and degree of sinus pneumatization are presented. Endoscopic sinus surgery and its main use in pediatric patients is decribed, as well as the advantages of this less invasive surgery.

Read more less

This book presents some recent updates in health and disease. Chapter One provides an overview of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Chapter Two summarizes the recent research findings related to the pathogenesis of E. histolytica. Chapter Three summarizes the literature concerning the role of fluoride in osteogenesis. Chapter Four investigates the utility of ultrasound elastography in detection of liver disease. Chapter Five evaluates the efficiency of health services of some countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Chapter Six describes treatment options for petroclival meningiomas. Chapter Seven explains the uses, mechanisms of actions and clinical outcomes of ibuprofen. Chapter Eight defines and describes limb-girdle muscular dystrophies, including its clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, and treatment options. Finally, Chapter Nine discusses the diagnosis of methamphetamine-related poisoning and death, including pathophysiological and toxicological findings, in forensic practices.

Read more less

This ten-chapter volume presents some recent advancements in health and disease. Chapter One explains the increased mortality rate owing to atherothrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. Chapter Two reviews the evidence for all current management strategies for recurrent hypoglycaemia in diabetes. Chapter Three provides information on the relationship between obesity and circulating levels of C-reactive protein. Chapter Four describes high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a biomarker of diabetes and hypertension. Chapter Five studies the combination of two self-associating biopolymers such as high-molar-mass hyaluronan and chitosan for treatment of skin wounds. Chapter Six outlines an integrated approach to address the issues of high levels of stress and burnout in the workplace. Chapter Seven examines pericoronary adipose tissue as a possible storage and supply site for lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in the human coronary artery. Chapter Eight deals with corneal collagen cross-linking protocols for the management of keratoconus. Chapter Nine discusses free radicals, their formation and catabolism, and their beneficial and adverse effects on cellular activities. Finally, Chapter Ten details various diagnostic tests for vasculitis.

Read more less

This compilation presents some of the latest research in health and disease. Chapter One provides insight into the ophthalmic manifestations of dyslipidemia and how they may be managed concomitantly, with particular reference to the statins and their efficacy. Chapter Two proposes the application of personalized medicine for the treatment of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Chapter Three summarizes the main studies in the field of psychological interventions for bariatric surgery patients exploring the advances on new online therapeutic and management strategies, and personalised medicine including stepped care approaches. Chapter Four examines the relationship between interpersonal stressors, coping with interpersonal stress, and sleep disorders focused on gender. Finally, Chapter Five describes the impact of exercises using a foam roller to reduce back pain in scoliosis patients.

Read more less

Volume 36 focuses on the latest research on medicine and health. The chapters cover managing kidney disease in gout; vancomycin encapsulated in nanocarriers as therapy for infections caused by resistant bacteria; the etiopathogenesis, evaluation and management outcomes for neutropenia; air pollution and bone mineral density and a review of the literature on health care access and health care utilization on infant mortality rates.

Read more less

Volume 23 begins with a focus on Sjogren's syndrome, a multisystem autoimmune disorder caused by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands and characterized by hypofunction of the exocrine glands. Signs and symptoms may include musculoskeletal, neurological, hematological, digestive and nephrological manifestations. The authors present the results of a study that suggest that infrequent and unsystematic supervision, as well as inadequate supervisory skills of in-charges, are critical challenges to effective supervision and leadership. This suggests a need for more frequent supervision and a focus on the importance of training supervisors in supervisory skills, including problem solving and feedback. The subsequent study analyses the engagement designs and management framework of maternal newborn health and HIV/AIDS services using Mkapa Fellows Program (MFP) II wave 1. The 2017 WHO Country Capacity Survey responses are studied to assess the global status of cervical cancer prevention and control through the availability of best buys packages service, population coverage and policy cohesion. A subsequent study attempts to verify whether there are differences in psychosocial risk among police officers from suburban towns and the city center, aiming to identify if localities play a role in the latter. Later, the current state of the art aspects of the C/D ratio is reviewed in conjunction with its possible clinical impacts, including practical considerations for clinicians. A focus on multidrug resistant tuberculosis is provided, and the authors propose that to improve treatment outcomes, a shorter and more economical 9 -- 12 month treatment regimen is necessary. The closing article discusses some current techniques used in dementia mitigation, presenting insight into future treatment trends.

Read more less

The aim of Volume 11 is to provide evidence on the indicators of fluid distribution and cellular integrity evaluated by nioelectrical impedance analysis in athletes of different performance levels and non-athletes. The second chapter presents a specific examination of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor among xenobiotic receptors, with a commentary on the preventive and therapeutic abilities of lignans against various diseases associated with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway, including cancers, teratogenesis, inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis, metabolic syndrome and diabetes, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, leukemias and lymphomas. Additionally, the authors discuss scrub typhus, a bacterial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi), and how it is recognized as an important cause of fever in Asia. The objective of the next section is to conduct a literature review to identify key risk factors that contribute to the risk of infection and transmission of disease in residential aged care and community care settings. The indications and complications of surgical management of Choanal atresia will be thoroughly illustrated in the followingchapter, mainly focusing on the role of the transnasal endoscopic approach. Recently, a great deal of emphasis has been placed on the creation of more effective drugs for prevention and management of obesity and obesity-related diseases. The penultimate chapter examines the peptide fraction derived from tissue of Antarctic hydrobiont and how it has beneficial effects on the diet induced obesity in rats through the influence on oxidative status, development of inflammation, and disorders of the serotonergic system, which are considered to be the key pathogenic mechanisms of obesity-associated metabolic disturbances. The focus of the final chapter is to describe the demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of S. maltophilia infections in pediatric patients during a two year period (2016 to 2018) in a tertiary-care hospital in southern Brazil.

Read more less