Search results for ""springer verlag, singapore""

This book gathers selected papers presented at the International Conference on Deep Learning, Computing and Intelligence (ICDCI 2021), organized by Department of Information Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India, during January 7–8, 2021. The conference is sponsored by Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC) in association with University of California, UC Davis and SRM Institute of Science and Technology. The book presents original research in the field of deep learning algorithms and medical imaging systems, focusing to address issues and developments in recent approaches, algorithms, mechanisms, and developments in medical imaging.

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This edited book demonstrates a new multidimensional comprehension of the relationship between war, the military and civil society by exploring the global rise of paramilitary culture. Moving beyond binary understandings that inform the militarization of culture thesis and examining various national and cultural contexts, the collection outlines ways in which a process of paramilitarization is shaping the world through the promotion of new warrior archetypes. It is argued that while the paramilitary hero is associated with military themes, their character is in tension with the central principals of modern military organization, something that often challenges the state’s perceived monopoly on violence. As such paramilitization has profound implications for institutional military identity, the influence of paramilitary organizations and broadly how organised violence is popularly understood

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This volume includes selected technical papers presented at the Forum “Math-for-Industry” 2018. The papers written by eminent researchers and academics working in the area of industrial mathematics from the viewpoint of financial mathematics, machine learning, neural networks, inverse problems, stochastic modelling, etc., discuss how the ingenuity of science, technology, engineering and mathematics are and will be expected to be utilized. This volume focuses on the role that mathematics-for-industry can play in interdisciplinary research to develop new methods. The contents are useful for researchers both in academia and industry working in interdisciplinary sectors.

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This book highlights the importance of outdoor thermal comfort for improving urban living quality in the context of urban planning and urban geometry design. It introduces readers to a range of assessment methods and applications of outdoor thermal comfort and addresses urban geometry and thermal environment at the neighbourhood scale using real-world examples and parametric studies. In addition, the subjective evaluations by urban dwellers and numerical modelling tools introduced in this book provide not only a comprehensive assessment of outdoor thermal comfort but also an integrated approach to using thermal comfort indicators as a standard in high-density cities. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for urban climate researchers, urban planners, and designers, and policymakers pursuing more liveable urban environments.

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This book explores cultural polarization resultant decline in social cohesion in society and how information and communication technologies exacerbate the cultural polarization through phenomenon such as “echo chambers” of information that damage the quality of online discourse. This book examines the nature of the information that is shared. Further this book identifies how the quality of online discourse and polarization induced through it leads to offline harm and negative outcomes in our society. This book discusses how wide-ranging information exchange on digital media can lead to two scenarios, namely, the formation of the public sphere or the formation of echo chambers. While the public sphere, which promotes greater diversity, is a well-researched domain, substantially less research has been conducted on echo chambers in relation to sociocultural activities, products or services. This book states that polarization induced by the formation and evolution of echo chambers in sociocultural realm such as around epidemic outbreaks, vaccination, healthcare, education, and climate change is an emerging avenue of research due to its enormous impact in the shaping of our society. Therefore, this book argues that understanding the characteristics of sociocultural products related controversies is critical and valuable in developing interventions to reduce unhealthy societal and organizational polarisations. The development of systematic knowledge is required to understand and address such a large scale and complex societal challenge so as to facilitate a deeper understanding and offer solutions to the growing issue of polarization in sociocultural context driven primarily through echo chambers. This book examines how technology enabled social media usage increases, and the complex structural outcomes such as echo chambers are likely to have an increasingly important role in shaping public opinion. This book appeals to readers with interest in developing a deeper and broader understanding of issues and initiatives related to the polarization of opinions on cultural products. These include readers and scholars from various disciplines, along with engaged organizational leaders, activists, policy makers, and common citizens.

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This book gathers selected papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications (ICWCA 2020), held at Hainan University, China. The first volume of the proceedings will focus on the newest methods and algorithms in smart wireless communications in the areas of multimedia communications over wireless; smart antenna and space-time signal processing; antenna, wireless propagation, and channel modeling; OFDM and multi-carrier techniques; localization and navigation techniques; software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV); knowledge-defined networking (KDN) and the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in future networks; future data-center networks; resource allocation and orchestration in future networks and many others.

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This book gathers selected papers presented at the International Conference on Sentimental Analysis and Deep Learning (ICSADL 2021), jointly organized by Tribhuvan University, Nepal; Prince of Songkla University, Thailand; and Ejesra during June, 18–19, 2021. The volume discusses state-of-the-art research works on incorporating artificial intelligence models like deep learning techniques for intelligent sentiment analysis applications. Emotions and sentiments are emerging as the most important human factors to understand the prominent user-generated semantics and perceptions from the humongous volume of user-generated data. In this scenario, sentiment analysis emerges as a significant breakthrough technology, which can automatically analyze the human emotions in the data-driven applications. Sentiment analysis gains the ability to sense the existing voluminous unstructured data and delivers a real-time analysis to efficiently automate the business processes. Meanwhile, deep learning emerges as the revolutionary paradigm with its extensive data-driven representation learning architectures. This book discusses all theoretical aspects of sentimental analysis, deep learning and related topics.

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This book brings together writing from activists and scholars that examine leftist and decolonial forms of resistance that have emerged from Hong Kong’s contemporary era of protests. Practices such as labor unionism, police abolition, land justice struggles, and other radical expressions of self-governance may not explicitly operate under the banners of leftism and decoloniality. Nevertheless, examining them within these frameworks uncovers historical, transnational, and prefigurative sightlines that can help to contextualize and interpret their impact for Hong Kong’s political future. This collection offers insights not only into Hong Kong's local struggles, but their interconnectedness with global movements as the city remains on the frontlines of international politics.

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This book gathers high-quality papers presented at the Second International Conference on Sustainable Technologies for Computational Intelligence (ICTSCI 2021) held at Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India, during May 22–23, 2021. It covers emerging topics in computational intelligence and effective strategies for its implementation in engineering applications.

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This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Futuristic Communication and Network Technologies (CFCNT 2020) conducted at Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai. It covers various domains in communication engineering and networking technologies. This volume comprises of recent research in areas like optical communication, optical networks, optics and optical computing, emerging trends in photonics, MEMS and sensors, active and passive RF components and devices, antenna systems and applications, RF devices and antennas for microwave emerging technologies, wireless communication for future networks, signal and image processing, machine learning/AI for networks, internet of intelligent things, network security and blockchain technologies. This book will be useful for researchers, professionals, and engineers working in the core areas of electronics and communication.

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The book includes a selection of the best papers presented at the Third International Conference on Sustainable Computing (SUSCOM 2021), held in Jaipur, India, during 19 – 20 March 2021. It covers topics like Internet of things (IoT); artificial system of security; smart storage and knowledge retrieval using data cloud; intelligent transport management; intelligent cognitive and bio-inspired computing and management science. The book is useful for peoples from academia, government bodies, healthcare and industry to discuss their future scope.

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This highly informative and clearly written book presents the basic science and the latest data on hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) to provide an up-to-date and holistic overview of the disease. It starts off by presenting the molecular mechanisms, genetic testing and counseling, and variants of unknown significance (VUS) to help readers understand the contemporary interpretation of the disease. Further chapters focus on the surveillance, diagnosis and treatment, including chemoprevention, risk reduction and drug development based on molecular mechanisms. It also includes a chapter on the latest findings from the HBOC database, ethical issues and the parp inhibitors, and discusses innovative thinking to manage and understand the disease. Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer - Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Practice offers breast surgeons, medical oncologists, gynecological oncologists and genetic counselors a comprehensive overview of the disease. Providing insights into recent scientific findings and further avenues for investigation, it is also a thought-provoking and informative read for researchers and scholars.

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This book describes the growing clinical and healthcare relevance of nano-therapeutics in treating respiratory diseases. It begins with a brief introduction on the different types of nanoparticles in respiratory disease conditions. It further discusses the current trends in understanding the disease pathology using different in vitro and in vivo models, which are important towards the onsite clinical applications and development of new therapeutics. The book includes exciting topics such as formulation of these nanoparticles, targeting various organelles etc. It also describes the future prospects and challenges in the field. Different chapters are written by researchers actively working in the area of pulmonary diseases. This book is designed to address the requirements of both beginners and specialized scientists involved in pulmonary research. The contents include basic concepts followed by advanced state-of-art monitoring and treatment of diseases. The book is meant for researchers and industry experts in nanotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences and drug design.

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This book is an essential guide on surrogacy, discussing various legal issues that arise in surrogacy cases. It provides a comprehensive coverage to various issues pertaining to surrogacy arrangements due to failure to meet the needs of those involved in surrogacy, be it the intended parents or the surrogate mother, with special emphasis on the most vulnerable party -- the surrogate child. In the wake of this existing imbalance, the call to reform the practice of surrogacy has also increased. The book provides a comprehensive coverage to various laws and policy regulations in existence dealing with surrogacy, and unravels the latest trends and developments happening around the world as surrogacy gains importance. The international perspectives highlight policies and practices being adopted and followed by various nations with regard to surrogacy regulation and associated parenthood rules. This book also analyses some of the significant cross-border disputes revolving around surrogacy, and explores briefly the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on matters of parentage and citizenship for children born of trans-national surrogacy with special reference to the prospects of a convention on international surrogacy currently being studied by The Hague Conference on Private International Law. Further, it highlights the issues and questions relating to surrogacy arrangements that are so far unresolved and unanswered and suggests measures for improvements to the existing proposed surrogacy legislation in India and need for uniform international regulation. The book is a great resource for legal practitioners, academics, students, policy-makers, infertility clinics, and charitable organizations working on this issue.

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This book looks at open data practices historically and from the perspective of those currently involved in advocating for making government data freely available. Based on interviews with practitioners, users and evangelists across three Australian-based case studies illustrating contemporary open data practices, this book discusses how open data has evolved, why certain barriers to openness exist and what the future of open data might look like. It highlights both the challenges and approaches to ‘best practice’ in government departments and agencies as they adapt to changing data ecosystems and public expectations around access, transparency, risk and responsible stewardship.

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This book presents select proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Computational and Experimental Methods in Mechanical Engineering (ICCEMME 2021). It gives an overview of recent developments in the field of fluid dynamics and thermal engineering. Topics covered include case studies in thermal engineering, combustion engines, computational fluid dynamics (cfd), cooling systems, energy conservation, energy conversion, renewable energy, bio fuels, gas turbines, heat exchangers and heat transfer systems, heat pipes and pumps, heat transfer augmentation, refrigeration and HVAC systems, fluids engineering, energy and process, and thermal power plants. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the area of thermal engineering and allied fields.

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This book provides rare insight into how real children/adolescents’ lives unfold as a result of health inequity. The authors present the findings of empirical research into the health and social circumstances of 61 Australian children/adolescents, as reported by healthcare professionals who attended to their medical needs, revealing how healthcare professionals deal with health inequity on the ground. Profound inequities in the health and wellbeing of children/adolescents worldwide have been the focus of intense research for decades. The extent to which children/adolescents’ health and wellbeing is impacted by violence, poverty, their inability to access integrated healthcare services, parental and adolescent substance abuse, unemployment, poor living conditions, poor nutrition, a fractured social support network, disrupted education, and lack of transportation, is widely recognized. While essential, statistical analyses alone cannot reveal the faces of those experiencing health inequity. This work highlights the need for urgent coordinated action to address health inequity so that children and young people have a chance to lead a full life in good health. It is relevant to researchers and practitioners whose work relates to improving children and young people’s lives.“This book should be required reading for those who influence policies developed by all the sectors mentioned above and their funding and administrative bodies – and politicians in particular” (Anonymous Reviewer).

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This book provides a unique assessment of the Nigerian healthcare system's different professions. It begins by examining the fundamentals of health professions to contextualize the issues explored in the book in more detail. It goes on to present the hierarchy of occupations, professionalization, and the evolutionary path and socialization milestones that occupations attempting to attain true professions' status and power transcend. It also analyses the differences between professional autonomy, direct access, and independent practice. The latter parts identify Nigeria's primary healthcare professions and vocational careers and discuss their central roles, each discipline's specialty; including the biography of 35 notable pioneer Nigerian healthcare professionals during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The book concludes by analyzing the causes and adverse impacts of interprofessional conflict and industrial action within the Nigerian healthcare system and proposes the interdisciplinary team concept as a panacea for both conundrums.

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This edited book provides a comprehensive account of the sustainable intensification process through various forms of case studies and scientific approaches studied across the globe. It also focuses on the agroecosystem services and their subsequent management for ecological integrity. The book helps to understand the interconnection of food, nutrition, economic growth, and environmental security on the planet. It provides comprehensive information with photographic illustration and various other forms of scientific databases on sustainable intensification of agroecosystems. The book also supports decision-making, strategies, and policy formulation for effective implementation of sustainable intensification towards higher productivity along with maintenance and management of agroecosystem services. Proper sustainable intensification of agroecosystem services and their management by maintaining ecological harmony is the future prospect for sustainable development. High input agriculture gives rise to a high-energy footprint, agricultural pollution, resource depletion, loss of agro-biodiversity, and decline of human health. Through this connection, the sustainable intensification approach addresses the advanced food security, sustainability, and overall prosperity of humankind. The book is helpful for both undergraduate and postgraduate students, policymakers, the farming community, as well as the scientific community across the globe to understand the concept of sustainable intensification and its application in relevant fields for proper management of agroecosystems services.

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The book is a collection of academician Yanzhong Zhang’s research papers published in English. It represents the development of aerospace systems engineering and information technology in China over the past 4 decades. Regarded as the crucial reference materials of related disciplines, it falls into three categories, namely, information technique, aeronautical engineering strategy issue of development, as well as PhD thesis.

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This book is a timely report of the state-of-the-art analytical techniques in the domain of quantum algorithms related to Boolean functions. It bridges the gap between recent developments in the area and the hands-on analysis of the spectral properties of Boolean functions from a cryptologic viewpoint. Topics covered in the book include Qubit, Deutsch–Jozsa and Walsh spectrum, Grover’s algorithm, Simon’s algorithm and autocorrelation spectrum. The book aims at encouraging readers to design and implement practical algorithms related to Boolean functions. Apart from combinatorial techniques, this book considers implementing related programs in a quantum computer. Researchers, practitioners and educators will find this book valuable.

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This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Technologies (ICAST 2020), organized by Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India. It gives an overview of recent developments in the field of fluid dynamics and thermal engineering. Some of the topics covered in this book include HVAC systems, alternative fuels, renewable energy, nano fluids, industrial advancements in energy systems, energy storage, multiphase transport and phase change, conventional and non-conventional energy theoretical and experimental fluid dynamics, numerical methods in heat transfer and fluid mechanics, different modes of heat transfer, fluid machinery, turbo machinery, and fluid power. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the field of fluid dynamics and thermal engineering.

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This book offers new ideas for thinking about how more equitable outcomes might be achieved in New Zealand so that all students are well-equipped to live and work in contemporary society. It addresses a social justice concern about access to the unique affordances of subject knowledge which comprises two forms of knowledge - propositional (knowledge-that) and applied knowledge (know-how-to).The book provides perspectives on curriculum design by grounding arguments in a theory of knowledge. It describes the different knowledge forms of the theory, and argues that understanding these differences is significant for curriculum design and enactment. It explains why the current imbalance between knowledge forms is a problem, and offers suggestions for change. Understanding about knowledge itself enables more just and equitable outcomes for all students. This book illustrates how different knowledge types and forms can be used together productively to help students develop adaptive expertise for the 21st century, making it a valuable contribution to the field of education.

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This comprehensive book presents the latest evidence-based data on pancreatobiliary malignancies, including the epidemiology, examination, treatment and endoscopic management. It explores a range of topics, such as risk factors, detection strategies, and novel treatment approaches like precision medicine and immunotherapy.Although there have been rapid improvements in the management of these diseases, the survival period has not yet reached a satisfactory level. This book will help those doctors needing to share the latest information with the patients and their families. It provides a wealth of practical information to help surgeons, endoscopists and oncologists as well as physicians, basic researchers and professionals at medical device and pharmaceutical companies broaden their understanding of the current treatment and management strategies for pancreatobiliary malignancies.

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This two-volume book provides an insight into the 10th International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving (SocProS 2020). This international conference is a joint technical collaboration of Soft Computing Research Society and Indian Institute of Technology Indore. The book presents the latest achievements and innovations in the interdisciplinary areas of soft computing. It brings together the researchers, engineers and practitioners to discuss thought-provoking developments and challenges, in order to select potential future directions. It covers original research papers in the areas including but not limited to algorithms (artificial immune system, artificial neural network, genetic algorithm, genetic programming and particle swarm optimization) and applications (control systems, data mining and clustering, finance, weather forecasting, game theory, business and forecasting applications). The book will be beneficial for young as well as experienced researchers dealing across complex and intricate real-world problems for which finding a solution by traditional methods is a difficult task.

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This book gathers selected papers presented at the 6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Computations in Engineering Systems, held at the Anna University, Chennai, India, from 20 to 22 April 2020. It covers advances and recent developments in various computational intelligence techniques, with an emphasis on the design of communication systems. In addition, it shares valuable insights into advanced computational methodologies such as neural networks, fuzzy systems, evolutionary algorithms, hybrid intelligent systems, uncertain reasoning techniques, and other machine learning methods and their application to decision-making and problem-solving in mobile and wireless communication networks.

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A major objective of this monograph is to present an agent-based simulation of artificial populations. The focus is on possible unexpected or catastrophic events that may spontaneously appear in simulations. A short recall of the tenets of the theory of catastrophes is given. Several examples of artificial society simulations are provided as the main topic of the book. With agent-based modeling, possible catastrophes and unexpected events in artificial populations are simulated. The book presents a new modeling and simulation tool, applied to social system simulation. The models are coded in the object- and agent-oriented language Bluesss (Blues Simulation System), related to the C++ language. The program code consists of a series of generic declarations of processes. Each of them includes a number of events that are coded in C++. At the runtime, a population of objects is generated. All the objects (agents) start to execute their own events, and interact with one another. During the simulations it is possible to observe the macro-behavior of the population, where some unexpected or "catastrophic" events occur. The examples include a stock market crash, catastrophes in extended prey–predator systems, growing organisms and cancer, epidemics, social inequality and economic decay, mass-service systems, and more. Remarks on possible simultaneous events are also included.

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The tourism and hospitality industry of Bangladesh as a South Asian country has potential. Sustainable development of this industry in this country is on the move. Still, there are some hindrances which appear to be stymieing this industry’s overall development potential. Overcoming such hindrances can be partly enabled by applying digital innovation and introducing more Internet based platforms in the country’s tourism and hospitality industry. The country is believed to have emphasized innovative technology application in this industry, but technology applications in this industry in Bangladesh have so far attracted very few researchers, resulting in insufficient contributions and very limited knowledge.This book, therefore, can make a significant contribution towards the very limited knowledge in this identified research area. On the specific ground of technology application in the tourism and hospitality industry, the book covers concepts and context, the present scenario, product and service offers, and an analysis of the roles of public and private institutions. On related issues, the book also covers social media, networking and connectivity; sustainability practices and climate change effects; tourist experiences; developments; and challenges, suggestions, and future research directions. The book is expected to appeal to general readers, as well as researchers with an interest in technology applications in the tourism and hospitality industry. This book is also an essential read for the relevant policy planners and industry professionals.

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This volume is fourth part of the five-part set on bioenergy research. This volume covers biomass to bioenergy production concept. The book is focused on the possible and versatile biomass options available for the generation of bioenergy. Additionally, the book also explores different types of biomass for bioenergy generation at a commercial level. Further, the book elaborates on different kind of cellulose and sugar rich waste which can also be utilized for bioenergy production. It covers other relevant issues such as recent technological advancement in biomass to bioenergy conversion, waste management in the context of biomass to biofuels production technologies, green methods of energy production, alternates of fossil fuels in the near future. It also explores biomass waste valorization, utilizing microbial processes in bioenergy production. This is a useful reading material for students, researchers, industry and policy experts.Other four volumes of this set explore basic concepts, latest progress, commercial opportunities and integrated solution for bioenergy concerns.

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This book highlights the concordance between signaling pathways that are involved in obesity and cancer cross-talks. It describes the role of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, insulin, and adipokines in the development of obesity-associated cancers. The book reviews the role of inflammatory signaling pathways such as estrogen-mediated signaling, mTOR and AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and the involvement of adaptive and innate immunity, oxidative stress, gene polymorphism, dietary phytochemicals, and miRNAs in obesity and cancer. In addition, it covers the latest research on the drugs and natural therapeutic agents that target obesity-induced cancers and discusses various in vivo models for studying obesity and obesity-associated cancer. Lastly, it analyses the role of genetic polymorphisms in the obesity-related genes that influence cancer development. The book is a useful resource for researchers in the field of cancer, pharmacology, food chemistry, and clinical biochemistry.

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This book presents the select proceedings of the 1st International 13th National Conference on Industrial Problems on Machines and Mechanism (IPRoMM 2020) and examines issues in the design, manufacture, and performance of mechanical and mechatronic elements and systems that are employed in modern machines and devices. The topics covered include robotics, industrial CAD/CAM systems, mechatronics, machinery associated with conventional and unconventional manufacturing systems, material handling and automated assembly, mechanical and electro-mechanical systems of modern machinery and equipment, micro-devices, compliant mechanisms, hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle mechanisms, acoustic and noise control. This book also discusses the recent advances in the integration of IoT and Industry 4.0 in mechanism and machines. The book will be a valuable reference for academicians, researchers, and professionals interested in the design and development of industrial machines.

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This book gathers the proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, held in Qingdao, China in July 2019. It provides the latest research results on techniques for pulverized coal combustion and fluidized bed combustion, low-carbon energy and emission controls, and industrial applications. Highlighting research areas that are of great importance in promoting collaboration between related subjects and the technical development of coal-related fields, the book offers a valuable reference guide for researchers and engineers alike.

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This edited book is focused on antioxidant compounds and their biosynthesis, up-regulation, mechanism of action for selective bioactivity, targeted role and the advancement of their bioactive potential during plant-microbe interaction and other stress conditions. This book also emphasizes on the role of antioxidants in recruiting beneficial microbes in plant surroundings. Antioxidants have multiple biological roles in plants especially in the signalling pathway. These compounds are secondary metabolites produced besides the primary biosynthetic pathway and are associated with growth and development. Besides they also have special role to play during oxidative stress produced via abiotic stimulants or pathogen attack. This understanding of the biosynthesis, signaling and function of antioxidant compounds in plants during stress condition is helpful in restoring plant ecosystem productivity and improve plant responses to a wide range of stress conditions. This book is a useful compilation for researchers and academicians in botany, plant physiology, plant biochemistry and stress physiology. Also the book serves as reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of environmental sciences, agricultural sciences and other plant science courses.

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This book discusses a number of intelligent algorithms which are being developed and explored for the next-generation communication systems. These include algorithms enabled with artificial intelligence, machine learning, artificial neural networks, reinforcement learning, fuzzy logic, swarm intelligence and cognitive capabilities. The book provides a comprehensive and insightful understanding of these algorithms, in context with their applications developed recently and also for immediate future communication technologies. It also covers the topics on how to develop intelligent algorithms for computing functionality in the end-to-end networking platforms. Moreover, the book also covers the recent developments, open technological challenges and future directions in the areas of data analysis, applications of the game theory, autonomous entities, evolutionary computation, smart ubiquitous computing and intelligent architectures with major focus on communication technologies and computing platforms.

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This book presents the outcome of two-day 2nd International e-Conference on Sustainable and Innovative Solutions for Current Challenges in Engineering and Technology (ICSISCET 2020) held at Madhav Institute of Technology & Science (MITS), Gwalior, India, from December 18–19, 2020. The book extensively covers recent research in artificial intelligence (AI) that knit together nature-inspired algorithms, evolutionary computing, fuzzy systems, computational intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, etc., which is very useful while dealing with real problems due to their model-free structure, learning ability, and flexible approach. These techniques mimic human thinking and decision-making abilities to produce systems that are intelligent, efficient, cost-effective, and fast. The book provides a friendly and informative treatment of the topics which makes this book an ideal reference for both beginners and experienced researchers.

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This volume is third part of the five-part set on bioenergy research. This book provides insights into commercial advantages of commonly running bioenergy options. It explores various opportunities present at technical scale to produce biofuels. Moreover, the additional practical feasibility of the commercialization of existing biofuels including existing challenges and sustainable solutions to overcome from these technical hurdles. This Volume also focuses on the durability and long run sustainability on the new arrival of biofuels options which can be a suitable and easy replacement of currently available biofuels at pilot scale. Other four volumes of this set explore basic concepts, latest progress, bio-waste to energy conversion and integrated solution for bioenergy concerns.

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This book presents the first broad reflection on the challenges, opportunities, and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Unique results and insights are derived through case studies from diverse disciplines, including engineering, economics, data science, policy-making, governance, and humanscience. Particularly related to these ‘softer’ disciplines, we make some unexplored yet topical contributions to the literature, with a focus on the GCC (but by no means limited to it), including AI and implications for women, Islamic schools of thought on AI, and the power of AI to help deliver wellbeing and happiness in cities and urban spaces. Finally, the readers are provided with a synthesis of ideas, lessons learned, and a path forward based on the diverse content of the chapters. The book caters to the educated non specialist with interest in AI, targeting a wide audience including professionals, academics, government officials, policymakers, entrepreneurs, and non-governmental organizations.

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The book is a collection of essays written since 2010, and dealing, in one way or another, with the place of values in economic analysis. The centrality of values in the collection is not surprising, given that the thematic concerns informing the essays in the book relate principally to methodological issues in economic enquiry, to the normatively constrained aggregation of personal preferences into collective choice, and to problems of logical coherence and ethical appeal in the axiom systems underlying the measurement of economic and social phenomena such as poverty, inequality and literacy. While many of the essays are more or less technical in nature, they are all explicitly motivated by considerations that go beyond the formalisms of presentation to an involvement with the role of moral reasoning in economic analysis. In particular, the essays emphasize the importance of ‘ought propositions’ in a science which is all too often regarded as being wholly and exclusively ‘positive’ in its orientation. The book should be of particular interest to researchers, students, and public policy makers.

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This book contains the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainability in Civil Engineering, ICSCE 2020, held on 26–27 November 2020, in Hanoi, Vietnam. It presents the expertise of scientists and engineers in academia and industry in the field of bridge and highway engineering, construction materials, environmental engineering, engineering in industry 4.0, geotechnical engineering, structural damage detection and health monitoring, structural engineering, geographic information system engineering, traffic, transportation and logistics engineering, water resources, estuary and coastal engineering.

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This book cover all types of microbe based polymers and their application in diverse sectors with special emphasis on agriculture. It collates latest research, methods, opinion, perspectives, and reviews dissecting the microbial origins of polymers, their production, design, and processing at industrial level, as well as improvements for specific industrial applications. Book also discusses recent advances in biopolymer production and their modification for amplifying the value. In addition, understanding of the microbial physiology and optimal conditions for polymer production are also explained. This compilation of scientific chapters on principles and practices of microbial polymers fosters the knowledge transfer among scientific communities, industries, and microbiologist and serves students, academicians, researchers for a better understanding of the nature of microbial polymers and application procedure for sustainable ecosystem

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This book contains an up-to-date survey and self-contained chapters on contact slant submanifolds and geometry, authored by internationally renowned researchers. The notion of slant submanifolds was introduced by Prof. B.Y. Chen in 1990, and A. Lotta extended this notion in the framework of contact geometry in 1996. Numerous differential geometers have since obtained interesting results on contact slant submanifolds. The book gathers a wide range of topics such as warped product semi-slant submanifolds, slant submersions, semi-slant ξ┴ -, hemi-slant ξ┴ -Riemannian submersions, quasi hemi-slant submanifolds, slant submanifolds of metric f-manifolds, slant lightlike submanifolds, geometric inequalities for slant submanifolds, 3-slant submanifolds, and semi-slant submanifolds of almost paracontact manifolds. The book also includes interesting results on slant curves and magnetic curves, where the latter represents trajectories moving on a Riemannian manifold under the action of magnetic field. It presents detailed information on the most recent advances in the area, making it of much value to scientists, educators and graduate students.

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This book covers recent advances of the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method, consisting of 5 parts and a total of 30 chapters written by FMO experts. The FMO method is a promising way to calculate large-scale molecular systems such as proteins in a quantum mechanical framework. The highly efficient parallelism deserves being considered the principal advantage of FMO calculations. Additionally, the FMO method can be employed as an analysis tool by using the inter-fragment (pairwise) interaction energies, among others, and this feature has been utilized well in biophysical and pharmaceutical chemistry. In recent years, the methodological developments of FMO have been remarkable, and both reliability and applicability have been enhanced, in particular, for non-bio problems. The current trend of the parallel computing facility is of the many-core type, and adaptation to modern computer environments has been explored as well. In this book, a historical review of FMO and comparison to other methods are provided in Part I (two chapters) and major FMO programs (GAMESS-US, ABINIT-MP, PAICS and OpenFMO) are described in Part II (four chapters). dedicated to pharmaceutical activities (twelve chapters). A variety of new applications with methodological breakthroughs are introduced in Part IV (six chapters). Finally, computer and information science-oriented topics including massively parallel computation and machine learning are addressed in Part V (six chapters). Many color figures and illustrations are included. Readers can refer to this book in its entirety as a practical textbook of the FMO method or read only the chapters of greatest interest to them.

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This book examines the nature, extent and implications of rapid strides digitalization has made in India since the turn of the millennium. These have been examined not merely in the sphere of information and communication technology (ICT) but its multifarious applications spreading across almost all aspects of production, services and institutions which have profound repercussions for the transformation of the society and economy at the micro, meso and macro levels. With contributions from both ICT scholars and social scientists, this book presents diverse scenarios and unravels challenges faced in the process of technical applications, access by the users of these disruptive technologies (automation, e-commerce, big data analytics & algorithms, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, etc.) which, unlike heavy machines (embodied technology), mostly defy physical space, pace of mobility and inoperability between technologies. Chapters in this volume address challenges and possibilities in establishing and operating intricate engineering infrastructure, technical and societal constraints encountered in broad-basing digitalization across layers of educational and social skills conducive to difficult geographies. Issues dealt within this book include farming, healthcare, education, food processing, e-commerce, labour, rural community development, open source data and information democracy. The chapters also reflect upon implications on local economy and society, of the very global nature of these seamless technologies where inter-operability remains the quintessential advantage of digitalization whether promoted or spearheaded through the state, private sector or global capital. The book critiques policy inadequacies and suggests plausible policy approaches to reduce the adverse impacts of fast digitalization and broad-base potential benefits across space and levels of socio-economic development of regions and society. This book would be of interest to scholars, practitioners, technocrats, industry analysts, policy makers and civil society agencies.

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Machine Learning, a vital and core area of artificial intelligence (AI), is propelling the AI field ever further and making it one of the most compelling areas of computer science research. This textbook offers a comprehensive and unbiased introduction to almost all aspects of machine learning, from the fundamentals to advanced topics. It consists of 16 chapters divided into three parts: Part 1 (Chapters 1-3) introduces the fundamentals of machine learning, including terminology, basic principles, evaluation, and linear models; Part 2 (Chapters 4-10) presents classic and commonly used machine learning methods, such as decision trees, neural networks, support vector machines, Bayesian classifiers, ensemble methods, clustering, dimension reduction and metric learning; Part 3 (Chapters 11-16) introduces some advanced topics, covering feature selection and sparse learning, computational learning theory, semi-supervised learning, probabilistic graphical models, rule learning, and reinforcement learning. Each chapter includes exercises and further reading, so that readers can explore areas of interest. The book can be used as an undergraduate or postgraduate textbook for computer science, computer engineering, electrical engineering, data science, and related majors. It is also a useful reference resource for researchers and practitioners of machine learning.

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This book provides a systematic description and analysis of laser heat-mode lithography, addressing the basic principles, lithography system, manipulation of feature size, grayscale lithography, resist thin films, and pattern transfer, while also presenting typical experimental results and applications. It introduces laser heat-mode lithography, where the resist thin films are essentially an opto-thermal response to the laser beam with changeable wavelength and are not sensitive to laser wavelength. Laser heat-mode lithography techniques greatly simplify production procedures because they require neither a particular light source nor a particular environment; further, there are no pre-baking and post-baking steps required for organic photoresists. The pattern feature size can be either larger or smaller than the laser spot by adjusting the writing strategy. The lithographic feature size can also be arbitrarily tuned from nanoscale to micrometer without changing the laser spot size. Lastly, the line edge roughness can be controlled at a very low value because the etching process is a process of breaking bonds among atoms. The book offers an invaluable reference guide for all advanced undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and engineers working in the fields of nanofabrication, lithography techniques and systems, phase change materials, etc.

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This book discusses numerical methods for solving partial differential and integral equations, as well as ordinary differential and integral equations, involving fractional differential and integral operators. Differential and integral operators presented in the book include those with exponential decay law, known as Caputo–Fabrizio differential and integral operators, those with power law, known as Riemann–Liouville fractional operators, and those for the generalized Mittag–Leffler function, known as the Atangana–Baleanu fractional operators. The book reviews existing numerical schemes associated with fractional operators including those with power law, while also highlighting new trends in numerical schemes for recently introduced differential and integral operators. In addition, the initial chapters address useful properties of each differential and integral fractional operator. Methods discussed in the book are subsequently used to solved problems arising in many fields of science, technology, and engineering, including epidemiology, chaos, solitons, fractals, diffusion, groundwater, and fluid mechanics. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for graduate students of mathematics and engineering, and researchers in virtually all fields of science, technology, and engineering, as well as an excellent addition to libraries.

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This pivot considers the emergence and functioning of the migration industry and commercialization of migration pathways in Asia. Grounded in extensive fieldwork and building on empirical data gathered through interactions and interviews with brokers, agents and other facilitators of migration, it examines the increasing co-dependence on, entanglement of and overlap between migrants, industry and state. It considers how for low-skilled migrants, migration is often not even possible without the involvement of the industry. As the opportunity to migrate has opened up to an ever-widening group of potential migrants, receiving nations have fine-tuned their migration infrastructure and programs to facilitate the inflow (and timely outflow) of the migrants it deems desirable. The migration industry plays an active role as mediator between migrants’ desires and states' requirements. This pivot focuses on what unites sending and receiving sides of migration, going beyond presupposed established networks, and offering a clear conceptualization of the contemporary migration industry in Asia.

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This book systematically classifies the mathematical formalisms of computational models that are required for solving problems in mathematics, engineering and various other disciplines. It also provides numerical methods for solving these problems using suitable algorithms and for writing computer codes to find solutions. For discrete models, matrix algebra comes into play, while for continuum framework models, real and complex analysis is more suitable. The book clearly describes the method–algorithm–code approach for learning the techniques of scientific computation and how to arrive at accurate solutions by applying the procedures presented. It not only provides instructors with course material but also serves as a useful reference resource. Providing the detailed mathematical proofs behind the computational methods, this book appeals to undergraduate and graduate mathematics and engineering students.The computer codes have been written in the Fortran programming language, which is the traditional language for scientific computation. Fortran has a vast repository of source codes used in real-world applications and has continuously been upgraded in line with the computing capacity of the hardware. The language is fully backwards compatible with its earlier versions, facilitating integration with older source codes.

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