Search results for ""institution of engineering and technology""

This Code of Practice sets out the requirements for the design, specification, installation, commissioning, operation, and maintenance of grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Key safety considerations in the protection and earthing of PV systems mounted on buildings and on the ground is covered in detail. It also contains requirements for commissioning, monitoring and maintenance throughout the lifetime of an installation. It is an invaluable resource for technicians and supervisors who may be responsible for overseeing solar PV systems deployment. This second edition provides updated information to ensure that a solar PV system is designed, competently installed and safe to operate in compliance with current national and international standards - including alignment to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 and other relevant industry standards.

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Good maintenance regimes do not happen by accident: they need careful planning, proactive management and comprehensive reporting. This Guide has been prepared for all those involved in maintenance; electrical technicians, maintenance managers and also office-based design staff. The document provides updates to the original text where necessary and introduces additional items and areas for consideration as part of a maintenance programme. Appendix B in the original document now forms a new Section to provide greater focus on the practical aspects across a wide range of electrical installations. Additional topics have been added, and the format revised to make it a more practical tool for technicians and supervisors alike. A good maintenance regime has an increasingly significant role in a more sustainable world where correctly maintained electrical systems keep operating at their maximum energy efficiency for longer and are disposed of correctly at the end of their lifecycle.

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Guidance Note 5: Protection Against Electric Shock provides a core element of safety for specifiers, designers, contractors and inspectors. It includes clear guidance on how to apply the safety requirements of BS 7671 concerning electric shock and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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This Code of Practice provides a clear overview of EV charging equipment, as well as setting out the considerations needed prior to installations and the necessary physical and electrical installation requirements. It also details what needs to be considered when installing electric vehicle charging equipment in various different locations - such as domestic dwellings, on-street locations, and commercial and industrial premises. Key changes for the 4th Edition include: General requirements - updated in line with the very latest amendment to BS 7671 (specifically within Section 722) On street installations - section updated to reflect a range of situations Installations at dwellings - section updated to provide greater clarity on domestic installs Three phase installations - address in more detail within the commercial and industrial section of the code Vehicle to grid - section updated and expanded providing useful background to this emerging development as well as providing detail on installation issues Smart infrastructure integration - updated to cover installation considerations that are becoming increasingly complicated as EV charging needs to be compatible and integrated with a range of other systems and installations Wireless charging - expansion of coverage of this area as its potential begins to be established and realised

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This is the 5th edition of the IET's Code of Practice for In-service Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment. This Code of Practice provides guidance on in-service inspection and testing to determine whether electrical equipment is safe for continued use. Duty-holders are required by law to consider the risks associated with the use of electrical equipment. The Code underpins the need to conduct inspection and testing of electrical equipment by considering the risks the equipment is exposed to and the environment it is used in, in addition to the skill level of the user. It applies to all workplaces and also some types of rented accommodation. This 5th Edition reinforces the necessity to establish and conduct appropriate safety checks, taking into account current working practices and legal requirements. Among some of the changes in this edition are: the requirements for electrical safety management guidance on how to conduct a risk assessment testing needed to ensure safety in continued use changes to acceptable test result limits and a new hierarchy of tests inclusion of ES1 and ES2 to reflect the changes to product standards guidance on the new product classifications updated standard references revised model forms. The core purpose of this Code of Practice is to help achieve high standards of electrical safety and it is recommended reading for all duty-holders responsible for the management of electrical equipment.

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The Electrician's Guide to Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems, 3rd Edition is ideal for individuals involved in the design and installation of fire detection systems as part of electrical installations. It offers information, advice, and guidance on managing BS 7671 and BS 5839 requirements. This Guide is an essential publication for all fire alarm designers, installers, specifiers, electricians, electrical contractors, installation designers and students in further education and/or professional training. Key Features include: Ideal for individuals involved in the design and installation of fire detection systems as part of electrical installations Includes essential advice on special fire risk, systems design and integration, and installation competency Provides information, advice and guidance on managing BS 7671:2018 and BS 5839 requirements Updated to accommodate the changes, revisions and new information made to IET's 18th Edition, BS 7671:2018 regulations Updated to include changes, revision and new information added to the BS 5839-1 and BS 5839-6 requirements An essential publication for all fire alarm designers, installers, specifiers, electricians, electrical contractors, installation designers and students in further education and/or professional training

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Electrician's Guide to the Building Regulations includes the latest guidance on third-party certification schemes and covers relevant parts of the Building Regulations, including Fire Safety, Ventilation and Conservation of Energy. This guide has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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The Electrician's Guide to Emergency Lighting, 3rd Edition has been updated to take into account changes to the Code of Practice for the Emergency Lighting of Premises in BS 5266-1:2016. The Code of Practice has undergone extensive changes to keep the document aligned with associated national legislation and national and European Standards. The standard responds to the increasing recognition of the application of emergency lighting to assist the safety of occupants who may stay in a building during a mains supply failure. This guide is one of a number of publications prepared by the IET to provide guidance on specific areas of electrical installations in buildings. It takes into account the relevant parts of BS 7671 and BS 5266. This guide is essential for all designers of emergency lighting systems, electricians, electrical contractors and their managers, general electrical installation designers, and students in further education and professional training.

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Small craft have an ever-increasing amount of electrical equipment, systems, and associated power requirements. As a result, significantly more risks and safety concerns need to be considered in the design and testing of electrical installations on small recreational and commercial craft. This new On-Board Guide provides practical advice on the design, installation, testing, commissioning, and maintenance of electrical installations on small recreational and commercial craft. It summarises the existing standards and directives relevant to this sector and covers key areas such as electrical supplies (including batteries and AC power sources) as well as design guidance, cable requirements, electrical protection and testing. The full contents include: Working safely and general requirements. Types of electrical installations on-board small craft. Electric power sources for small craft. Protection against electric shock. Earthing. Distribution systems. Cable installation, conductor terminations and identification. Batteries. Design guidance. Inspection and testing of electrical installations. The primary readers of this guide are electrically skilled boat owners, marine electrical technicians, designers and installers of electrical systems, and small craft surveyors. The contents and coverage are applicable to the recreational and commercial small craft sectors.

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This guide provides practical information to all those involved in designing, installing, operating and maintaining heating systems focussing on how to correctly apply electrified heating on current and future projects. It focuses on all forms of electrified heat (including heat pumps) for heating, but also other related approaches and technologies such as heat recovery, renewables and energy storage. It also draws on other areas such as building fabric, thermal comfort, electrical system considerations and the complex issue of using electrified heat to generate domestic hot water.

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Guidance Note 6: Protection Against Overcurrent is a key guide to this important area of BS 7671. It is intended for all involved with specifying, designing, installing or verifying electrical installations and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Guidance Note 4: Protection Against Fire is a vital guide to an important safety aspect of working with electricity. It is aimed at everyone involved with fire safety in electrical installations, including consulting engineers, electrical installers, inspectors and technicians and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Guidance Note 3: Inspection & Testing is a fundamental guidance book for all those involved with the testing and inspection of electrical installations. It also contains essential guidance for those studying for inspection and testing qualifications and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Guidance Note 2: Isolation & Switching provides clear guidance on what can be a confusing aspect of BS 7671. It is ideal for those working in specification, testing and inspection and for consulting engineers, as well as electrical installers and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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The On-Site Guide is an essential guide to BS 7671. It incorporates the extensive changes in BS 7671:2018, making this a vital guide for keeping up to date. It enables the competent electrician to deal with installations (up to 100 A, 3-phase) providing essential information in a convenient, easy-to-use format. This publication has been further updated to include two subsequent amendments to the IET Wiring Regulations as BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Within the modern built environment, advanced engineering systems allow us to go about our daily lives in a relative degree of safety, comfort and security. Often, we do not give too much thought about what is happening behind the scenes. Every engineering system needs an energy source and control input to provide the service it is designed for. Without some degree of management, those engineering systems may not perform quite as intended. It is often unreliable to depend solely on building occupiers to satisfactorily control these engineering systems purely by manual means, and hence make the best use of the engineering systems for the benefit of all. The aim of this Code of Practice is to provide knowledge, understanding and good practice guidance on the design, evaluation, implementation and improvements on the use of automated controls used in mechanical and electrical engineering systems within the built environment. The Code of Practice also aims to provide clear and concise information on building automation and control systems that can be developed and applied to several different installations. There is often no single solution and therefore building controls must be specifically tailored to meet specific user needs, local technical requirements and the constraints of budget and resources.

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This book is an essential practice aid for the examinations required to complete the City & Guilds qualification, Initial and Period Electrical Inspection and Testing (2391), including the three available pathways. It sets out methods of studying; offers advice on exam preparation and provides details of the scope and structure of the exam. Learners will also find guidelines and advice about sitting the exam. The three pathways for this qualification are: Level 3 Award in Initial Verification of Electrical Installations (2391-50) Level 3 Award in Periodic Inspection and Testing of Electrical Installations (2391-51) Level 3 Award in Initial and Periodic Inspection and Testing of Electrical Installations (2391-52) This book is an invaluable tool to help learners successfully complete the qualification, including: Guidelines and advice about sitting the exam Practice examinations with 'model' answers Acts as a revision aid to help students prepare for the full exam Notes and tips from experienced electrical engineers

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Cognitive sensing systems combined with IoTs and smart technologies are used in countless applications such as industrial robotics, computer-aided diagnosis, brain-computer interface (BCI), human-computer interaction (HCI), telemedicine, driverless cars and smart energy systems. With contributions from an international team of experts from a wide range of research areas including sensing, computer vision, signal processing and device and control applications, this book highlights the emerging role of cognitive sensors in a growing number of real time applications including smart health, smart cities, smart transportation and smart agriculture. The volume will be suitable for a broad audience of researchers in the fields of smart sensing, signal processing, automation and robotics, environmental engineering, energy engineering, biomedical engineering and allied disciplines where smart sensors are part of the curriculum.

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This greatly expanded, co-authored, two-volume text provides a comprehensive introduction and explanation of both the theory and practice of modern antenna measurements, from their most basic postulates and assumptions, to the intricate details of their applications in various demanding modern measurement scenarios. Starting with an initial examination of the properties of antennas that allow them to enhance the free-space interaction of electronic systems, the authors then introduce direct far-field and indirect far-field forms of antenna measurements and their various implementations. Detailed descriptions are given of the direct far-field measurement technique CATR (Compact Antenna Test Ranges), Body-Centric measurements, and detailed developments of standard planar, cylindrical, spherical and non-canonical near-field techniques; and includes a through treatment of near-field range error budgets which are an indispensable part of antenna metrology. The books conclude with recent advances in measurement techniques such as aperture diagnostics, phase-less antenna metrology, error correction, and range multi-path suppression techniques. Extensive examples illustrate the concepts and techniques covered. This second edition is thoroughly expanded and now includes new chapters on near-field to far-field transforms from non-canonical surfaces, electromagnetic modelling of CATRs and near-field antenna measurement systems. In addition, there is an expanded chapter on coordinate systems, polarization basis and antenna pattern plotting and new sections on more specialized topics such as 5G and Radome measurements.

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The need to improve the reliability and robustness of power systems and smart grids makes protection of sensitive equipment and power transmission and distribution lines against lightning-related effects a primary concern. Renewable electricity generation capacity has been increasing all over the world, and lightning can cause failures either by hitting the turbines or panels directly or inducing transients on the control systems that lead to equipment failure, malfunction or degradation. This two-volume set assesses how global lightning may respond to global climate change, provides thorough coverage of the lightning phenomenon and its interaction with various objects, and covers methods for the effective protection of structures and systems. It is a valuable reference for researchers in the fields of lightning and power systems, for transmission and distribution line engineers and designers, and is a useful text for related advanced courses. Volume 1 covers fundamentals and modelling of lightning interaction with power systems, including lightning and climate change; lightning phenomenon and parameters for engineering applications; lightning return stroke models for electromagnetic field calculations; lightning geolocation information for power system analyses; lightning attachment to overhead power lines; field-to-transmission line coupling models; lightning response of grounding electrodes; surge protective devices; modelling of power transmission line components; and modelling of power distribution components. Volume 2 addresses various applications including power substations, transmission lines, overhead distribution systems and networks, smart grids, and wind and photovoltaic systems.

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This book has been written as an exam practice aid to complete the City & Guilds Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Electrotechnical Technology (5357).It sets out methods of studying, offers advice on exam preparation and provides details of the scope and structure of the examinations.This qualification is for learners who want to work as an electrician and those installing electrical systems and equipment in buildings and structures. It helps acquire the necessary knowledge regarding the design, installation and commissioning of electrical systems.The book:Includes guidelines and advice about sitting the examIncludes practice examinations, with fully worked and ''model'' answersActs as a valuable revision aid, to help students prepare for the full exam

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This well established and authoritative IET Code of Practice provides a clear explanation of electric vehicle charging equipment and installation. It sets out the considerations and planning needed in advance and the necessary physical and electrical requirements during the installation process. It also details what needs to be considered when undertaking electrical work on charging equipment in various different locations - such as domestic dwellings, on-street locations, and commercial and industrial premises. Key changes to the code for the 5th edition include: full alignment with BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 and the latest guidance in ENA Engineering Recommendation G12/4. a substantially updated section on "Vehicle as Storage" including prosumer's electrical installations. legislative changes reflecting: new regulations covered in the Smart Charging Regulations 2021. changes to Part S of the Building Regulations 2022. physical installation requirements and accessibility for Part M of the Building Regulations and PAS 1899 guidance. changes made within the latest amendment to BS7671. new guidance on the installation of telecommunications and auxiliary cabling. revising the requirements of a simultaneous contact assessment to accommodate a mix of earthing arrangements. considerations for Fire Safety in EV charging installations (recognizing RiscAuthority publication RC59) for domestic and commercial properties. new and updated appendices covering: installation practices for earth electrodes. Mode 4 charging equipment including details of pantograph connectivity systems for HGV and PSV. guidance regarding the minimum depth of buried cables and minimum height of overhead suspended cables in different environments. extended guidance covering earth fault loop impedance and RCD testing, including use of vehicle simulators for Mode 3 charging equipment, and testing in prosumer's electrical installations. an expanded DNO Notification section to include for V2G and V2H applications. updated guidance on inductive charging installations. Developed by a technical committee of industry experts the Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installation - Code of Practice is essential reading for all installers of EV charging units and will also be of real value to all those involved in decisions regarding the rapidly developing EV charging infrastructure landscape.

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Electrical Installation Design Guide: Calculations for Electricians and Designers provides step-by-step guidance on the design of electrical installations. The guide will be useful for apprentices and trainees carrying out the calculations necessary for a basic installation and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new section on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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The Student's Guide to the IET Wiring Regulations is designed for students studying for a career in the electrotechnical industry. The content will enhance the reader's understanding of the IET Wiring Regulations and how to interpret them, as well as integrating with current qualifications being delivered. The simple format, using diagrams and examples, provides students with guidance to navigate their way through the information available in BS 7671 while studying electrical courses. The book provides information on various acts and regulations that students will need to know throughout their studies and into their careers, including easy to understand guidance designed to develop practical abilities and understanding of simple circuits. This publication has been further updated to include two subsequent amendments to the IET Wiring Regulations as BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Guidance Note 8: Earthing & Bonding includes information from BS 7430 Code of Practice for Earthing. It covers key guidance for all involved with specifying, designing, installing or verifying electrical installations and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Guidance Note 1: Selection & Erection is a fundamental guide for specifiers, installers and those inspecting and testing installations. It contains clear guidance on how to apply the relevant sections of BS 7671 and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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Emerging healthcare networks are interconnected physical systems that use cyber technologies for interaction and functionality. The proliferation of massive internet-of-things (IoT) devices enables remote and distributed access to cutting-edge diagnostics and treatment options in modern healthcare systems. New security vulnerabilities are emerging due to the increasing complexity of the healthcare architecture, in particular, threats to medical devices and critical infrastructure pose significant concerns owing to their potential risks to patient health and safety. In recent times, patients have been exposed to high risks from attacks capable of disrupting critical medical infrastructure, communications facilities, and services, interfering with medical devices, or compromising sensitive user data.This book seeks to present cyber risk and vulnerability models, considering a number of threats and examining how effective regulations could help guarantee medical device fidelity and trust.

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Being surface-mounted and chip-like in nature, the antenna booster fits seamlessly in an electronic printed circuit board the same way as any other electronic component such as an amplifier, filter or switch. It can be assembled with a conventional pick-and-place machine, making the manufacture and design of the new generation of IoT and mobile or wireless devices much simpler, faster and more effective.Starting with the theory and fundamentals behind the design of antenna boosters and matching networks, the authors present several architectures and show the readers how to put the theory into practice to design antenna systems on wireless platforms and multiband design for wireless device operations with optimized matching networks either passive or active.Written by two experts in the field, Antenna Booster Technology for Wireless Communications offers key insights into the principles and applications of antenna boosters for researchers from academia and industry, as well as lecturers

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An electronic device is a physical component of an electronic circuit or system, which is used to affect electrons and their associated fields in accordance with the function of that system. Such systems have a very broad range of applications, the main ones being, Industrial automation and motion control, information processing, telecommunication, and signal processing. Understandable Electronic Devices: Key concepts and circuit design provides a concise, easily understandable and convenient guide to electronics circuits. Coverage includes diodes, bipolar junction transistors, field effect transistors, amplifiers, oscillators, and voltage regulators. Each chapter includes worked examples of theorems, and clear summaries of procedures, methods and equations. Reviewing key concepts in modern electronics, this book is a valuable resource for anyone needing an overview of the principles of electronic devices and circuits, or to review or update their knowledge in this field. Written by a highly experienced instructor in the field, the book provides early-career professionals and college and university students with the necessary foundation in electronics. The book is also a useful resource for researchers and research professionals whose main field is not electronics but whose research requires a working knowledge of electronic circuits and devices.

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A telecommunications network is an electronic system of links, nodes and the controls that govern their operations to allow voice and data transfer among users and devices. Examples of telecommunications networks are the telephone networks, computer networks and the Internet. Understanding Telecommunications Networks provides a comprehensive explanation of how various systems and technologies link together to construct fixed and mobile telecommunications networks and provide services. It uses straightforward language supported by block-schematic diagrams so that non-engineers and engineers alike can learn about the principles. This fully revised, updated and expanded second edition covers all aspects of today's networks, including how they are planned, formed and operated. After an introductory chapter on telephony, the book describes all of today's networks and considers how they link. Individual chapters then consider the principles, technologies and network structures relating to network components; transmission systems and networks; circuit switching systems and networks; signalling and control; data (packet) switching and routeing; and mobile systems and networks. The book concludes with a chapter designed to pull everything together, considering architecture, quality of service and performance, operations, network evolution and next generation networks. This is a companion volume to Understanding Telecommunications Business authored by Andy Valdar & Ian Morfett (ISBN: 9781849197458).

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Energy provision for low income or remote communities is a difficult challenge, with many still depending on polluting and costly fossil fuels. Transporting energy is a further problem since some communities are only accessible during brief periods of the year. Local energy generation is a key solution, but technical challenges need to be overcome.This hands-on treatise explores technologies and approaches for accelerating deployment of accessible clean energy and discusses obstacles hindering that deployment. The primary focus is on engineering topics, although contributions from non-engineering application experts are also included. Chapters cover principal aspects of energy provision for low-income communities, low cost and energy-efficient housing designs, solar energy for low-income communities, solar PV integration in residential buildings, rural electrification in low-income communities and in remote communities using wind and solar energy, advances in biofuels production, and a

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A metaheuristic is a higher-level procedure designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic or partial search algorithm that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity. Metaheuristics can often find good solutions with less computational effort than other algorithms. Modern and emerging power systems, with the growing complexity of distributed and intermittent generation and EV charging, are an application for such methods.The new edition of Metaheuristic Optimization in Power Engineering in two volumes uses a MATLAB-based software package for testing and comparing methods, and includes several new and substantially revised and updated chapters.Volume 1 covers principles and key algorithms, such as genetic and swarm algorithms, gravitational and metaheuristic algorithms, power flow and power dispatch under consideration of renewable generation.Volume 2 focuses on power distribution netwo

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Radar is a key technology in the safety system of a modern vehicle. Automotive radars are the critical sensors in advanced driver-assistance systems, which are used in adaptive cruise control, collision avoidance, blind spot detection, lane change assistance, and parking assistance. The book covers all the modern radars used in automotive technology. A long-range radar mounted in the front of the vehicle is usually for adaptive cruise control. The medium range radars mounted in the front and rear provide wider coverage than the long-range radars and they can be used for cross traffic alert and lane change assistance. The corner mounted short range radars support parking aid, obstacle/pedestrian detection and blind spot monitoring. In real applications, these radars usually work together to provide more robust detection results. In this book, we also recognize that the future of automotive radars should not only address conventional exterior applications, but also play important roles for interior applications, such as gesture sensing for human-vehicle interaction and driver/passenger vital signs and presence monitoring. The book is aimed at those radar engineers who are working on automotive applications.

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The key theme of this book is an exploration of how recent advances across three related scientific fields are intertwined - the developments in metamaterials, the automated optimal design of innovative electronic, electromagnetic and mechatronic devices, and 3D printing. Developments in the field of automated optimal design have enabled the design of innovative electronic, electromagnetic and mechatronic devices, but there is a risk that design uncertainties and fabrication tolerances dictated by conventional manufacturing techniques will limit the practical synthesis and industrial realisation of these novel designs. The solution might be found in new manufacturing possibilities offered by 3D printing technologies and techniques for the fabrication of conductive layers in low and high frequency applications. The book approaches the topic from several perspectives, including the design of 3D fields, advances in shape synthesis, the role of additive manufacturing in synthesising metamaterials and manipulating ferromagnetic materials, and the steps from numerical models to printed mechatronic devices. A final chapter discusses design challenges and opportunities in industrial settings. Led by two expert editors, with contributions from authors with a range of backgrounds across academia and industrial research, this book provides key information for researchers, advanced students and industry professionals in advanced manufacturing, mechatronics, and electrical and electronic engineering.

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The revised and updated second edition of this textbook teaches students to create modeling codes used to analyze, design, and optimize structures and systems used in wireless communications, microwave circuits, and other applications of electromagnetic fields and waves. Worked code examples are provided for key algorithms using the MATLAB technical computing language. The book begins by introducing the field of numerical analysis and providing an overview of the fundamentals of electromagnetic field theory. Further chapters cover basic numerical tasks, finite difference methods, numerical integration, integral equations and the method of moments, solving linear systems, the finite element method, optimization methods, and inverse problems. Developing and using numerical methods helps students to learn the theory of wave propagation in a concrete, visual, and hands-on way. This book fills the missing space of current textbooks that either lack depth on key topics or treat the topic at a level that is too advanced for undergraduates or first-year graduate students. Presenting the topic with clear explanations, relevant examples, and problem sets that move from simple algorithms to complex codes with real-world capabilities, this book helps its readers develop the skills required for taking a mathematical prescription for a numerical method and translating it into a working, validated software code, providing a valuable resource for understanding the finite difference method, the method of moments, the finite element method, and other tools used in the RF and wireless industry.

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Recent technological advances have made possible the creation of a chain of non-geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) communications systems. Such systems offer the advantages of ubiquity, relatively low costs, and upgradable infrastructure that enables the use of innovative on-board technologies. This evolution opens up a plethora of opportunities for massive self-organized, reconfigurable and resilient NGSO constellations, which can operate as a global network. Ambitious low-orbit constellation types are currently being developed, motivated by advanced communication technologies and cheaper launch costs. These emerging architectures require accurate system orchestration involving different research domains including wireless communications, spectrum management, dynamic antenna and tracking systems, inter-satellite links and routing strategies. This edited book presents a broad overview of the research in NGSO constellations for future satellite communication network design including key technologies and architectures and specific use-case-oriented communications design and analysis. The book will be of interest to academic researchers and scientists, communication engineers and industrial actors in satcom, satellite networking and mobile and wireless communication. It will also serve as a useful reference for advanced students and postdocs and lecturers in satellite communication and networking and mobile and wireless communication.

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Over the last ten years, the numbers of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) or “drones” have changed from being just a few specialist systems, used for scientific data gathering and military purposes, to them proliferating in huge numbers. They are used across a broad range of different leisure, commercial and military activities. UAVs can be used for: movement of items in factories for manufacturing, passenger and freight transportation, can take various roles in the agriculture and forestry industries (dispensing seeds, watering and monitoring crops), remote sensing for the oil and gas industries, traffic flow monitoring, support of emergency services, hobbies, security, military and many other applications. The expansion in the use of unmanned air vehicles has come about due to the development of low cost, high performance stable platforms, employing equally low-cost communication and navigation systems supplemented by simple to use software and interfaces. Therefore, there is a need to be able to monitor the rapidly changing use of airspace, especially at low and normally neglected altitudes to ensure UAVs do not compromise safety or are used for malicious purposes. Radar is the only sensor able to perform this function on a 24-hour, all weather, wide-area basis. This book, concerned with radar surveillance of UAVs, has been compiled using contributions from the leading experts around the world to create a single body of knowledge on this important, yet still emerging, topic. It is aimed at advanced students and researchers with an interest in radar systems.

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Electrical Energy Storage Systems (EESS) provide storage of electrical energy so that it can be used later. EESS may be installed for a variety of reasons, for example increasing the ''self-consumption'' of buildings fitted with renewable energy systems; arbitrage services; ancillary services and providing a back-up or alternative power supply.This Code of Practice looks at EESS applications and provides information for practitioners to specify safely and effectively, design, install, commission, operate and maintain a system.The scope of this Code of Practice includes EESS intended for fixed installation applications including:individual dwellings,commercial applications, including multi-occupancy buildings and multi-occupancy residential buildings,industrial applications,and covers:electrochemical energy storage systems in electrical installations,integration into low voltage (LV) power systems (AC and DC) and,systems aligned with existing standards, regulations, and guidance.This th

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This guide provides definitive guidance on electrical installations in medical locations, including earthing and bonding arrangements. It expands the information in Guidance Note 7: Special Locations. This guide is aimed at consultants and designers of medical installations, manufacturers and suppliers of related medical equipment, medical electrical equipment service technicians and electrical contractors working in healthcare.

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Guidance Note 7: Special Locations provides a comprehensive guide to the various special locations and installations for which additional measures are required to comply with BS 7671. It is designed for anyone working in special locations where guidance may vary, including consulting engineers, electricians, electrical installers, inspectors and technicians and has been fully updated to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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The IET Wiring Regulations is the national standard to which all domestic and industrial wiring must conform. It is essential to all those concerned with the design, installation and maintenance of electric wiring in buildings. The 18th Edition is a major update to this title and contains extensive changes to many areas of BS 7671. The 18th Edition has been further updated to include two subsequent amendments as BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 incorporates changes from the first amendment, published in 2020, regarding Electric Vehicle Charging Installations to provide greater guidance on embracing changing technology within this sector. Additional changes within the second amendment include protection against thermal effects and fire caused by electrical equipment, protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances, and a new chapter on prosumer's low-voltage electrical installations covering energy efficiency measures, the interface with the smart grid, the management of electricity consumption, the management of renewable sources of electricity, and energy storage.

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The IET Wiring Regulations are of interest to all those concerned with the design, installation and maintenance of electric wiring in buildings. This includes electricians, electrical contractors, consultants, local authorities, surveyors and architects. This book will also be of interest to professional engineers, as well as students at university and further education colleges. The 18th Edition of the IET Wiring Regulations published in July 2018 and came into effect in January 2019. Changes from the previous edition include requirements concerning Surge Protection Devices, Arc Fault Detection Devices and the installation of electric vehicle charging equipment as well as many other areas.

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Today, more than half the global population lives in cities, and two thirds are expected to do so by 2050. Cities need technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from energy, transport and heating, which requires distributed renewable electricity, from rooftop solar, small wind and other sources, in order to cleanly generate enough electricity to meet cities'' needs. However, most urban electricity grids were not designed to manage distributed energy generation and the benefits of smart grids. Distribution systems therefore need to be strengthened and updated with the new technology offered by the hardware and software available, in order to maintain power quality and meet the requirements of reliability requested by regulatory bodies.The book opens with an introductory chapter, outlining the topic and explaining the importance of and motivations for upgrading urban power grids. Further chapters cover modelling, load management and demand response, reliability and fault location i

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A metaheuristic is a higher-level procedure designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic or partial search algorithm that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity. Metaheuristics can often find good solutions with less computational effort than other algorithms. Modern and emerging power systems, with the growing complexity of distributed and intermittent generation and EV charging, are an application for such methods.The new edition of Metaheuristic Optimization in Power Engineering in two volumes uses a MATLAB-based software package for testing and comparing methods, and includes several new and substantially revised and updated chapters.Volume 1 covers principles and key algorithms, such as genetic and swarm algorithms, gravitational and metaheuristic algorithms, power flow and power dispatch under consideration of renewable generation.Volume 2 focuses on power distribution netwo

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This greatly expanded, co-authored, two-volume text provides a comprehensive introduction and explanation of both the theory and practice of modern antenna measurements, from their most basic postulates and assumptions, to the intricate details of their applications in various demanding modern measurement scenarios. Starting with an initial examination of the properties of antennas that allow them to enhance the free-space interaction of electronic systems, the authors then introduce direct far-field and indirect far-field forms of antenna measurements and their various implementations. Detailed descriptions are given of the direct far-field measurement technique CATR (Compact Antenna Test Ranges), Body-Centric measurements, and detailed developments of standard planar, cylindrical, spherical and non-canonical near-field techniques; and includes a through treatment of near-field range error budgets which are an indispensable part of antenna metrology. The books conclude with recent advances in measurement techniques such as aperture diagnostics, phase-less antenna metrology, error correction, and range multi-path suppression techniques. Extensive examples illustrate the concepts and techniques covered. This second edition is thoroughly expanded and now includes new chapters on near-field to far-field transforms from non-canonical surfaces, electromagnetic modelling of CATRs and near-field antenna measurement systems. In addition, there is an expanded chapter on coordinate systems, polarization basis and antenna pattern plotting and new sections on more specialized topics such as 5G and Radome measurements.

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With the rapid growth of wind energy worldwide, challenges in the operation and control of wind turbine systems are becoming increasingly important. These affect all parts of the system, and require an integrated approach to optimize safety, cost, integrity and survivability of the system, while retaining the desired performance quality. This book conveys up to date theoretical and practical techniques applicable to the control of wind turbine systems. Topics covered include wave loads on monopole-supported offshore wind turbines; numerical and experimental tools for small wind turbine load analysis; structural control concepts for load reduction of offshore wind turbines; towards farm-level health management of wind turbine systems; data-based approaches to the monitoring of wind turbines; fault diagnostics for electrically operated pitch systems in offshore wind turbines; an emulator prototype design for vibration control of magnetic bearings for wind turbine power generator shafts; condition monitoring and diagnostics of wind turbine power trains; and robust fuzzy fault tolerant control wind energy systems subject to actuator and sensor faults.

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This is the first of a two-volume work covering the electrical principles syllabuses of all of the major examining bodies including the City & Guilds of London Institute's electrical craft courses. It is also suitable for a wide range of other courses, including the first three years of the BTEC electrical series. Great care has been taken to ensure that the text fully covers the content of the syllabuses concerned, both as published and as interpreted by the examiners in the past. The book is well illustrated with almost 200 line diagrams and photographs. Theories are explained with the help of almost 100 worked examples, an important aid to understanding the practical applications, and there are more than 300 graded exercises for which numerical answers are provided as well as nearly 250 multiple choice questions with solutions. These features make the book ideal as a class text as well as being particularly suitable for private study. A complete list of symbols, abbreviations and units is included, along with eight tables of relevant data and introduction to SI units, this system being used throughout. Each chapter concludes with a summary of the formulas introduced in it. The book will also be useful to practicing technicians wishing to extend their grasp of electrical principles to meet the rapidly expanding requirements of the industry.

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Plots, spies and inventors abound in an epic adventure set between London and Paris ... Mischief is afoot, and Queen Victoria is not amused. Her stalker must be stopped. Forget the cavalry – this is a job for Her Majesty’s League of Remarkable Young Ladies! The League’s newest recruit is Winifred Weatherby, a feisty girl-genius and gadget-maker. Winnie’s creations are remarkable, but is she clever enough to protect the Queen – and achieve her own dream of winning the top prize in Paris for young inventors . . . ? A debut Victorian romp and the winner of the Times/Chicken House Institution of Engineering and Technology Prize, 2021 A celebration of girls in STEM – and the hurdles they overcome Combines fact and fiction: the novel draws on real-life historical inventions and events Perfect for readers aged 9 and up

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