Search results for ""Author Maryann C. Wythers""

Advances in Materials Science Research. Volume 44 provides an overview of the emerging field of phosphorescent nanomaterials, including synthesis protocols and characterization issues. The authors discuss the synthesis methods and characterization of synthesized compounds by X-ray powder diffraction analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The carefully designed techniques for engineering process-induced strain to enhance carrier mobility or transform the band-gap from indirect to direct nano-devices are described. A compilation of investigations related to the formation of cerium coatings on an AZ91D Mg alloy are examined in an effort to improve its corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid. Following this, an article reports on an insightful portable microfluidic experimental setup for the fast and ultraselective detection of Hg2+ ions in a picomolar range using a cantilever-based piezoresistive sensor. The concluding study explores the behavior of the order parameter and the magnetization of antiferromagnetic solids subjected to mutually parallel staggered and magnetic fields.

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This compilation reports on the use of chemical modification as a complementary methodology in the study of various organic compounds by matrix-activated laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, particularly focusing on results obtained since the last decade of the 20th century. The influence of a three-phase contact line on extrinsic-substrate-induced nucleation is discussed in detail, and various geometric configurations corresponding to certain scenarios are also identified. The authors explore the synthesis and phase transitions in hexaferrites of Y-type, and emphasis is placed on the magnetic phase transition leading to the observation of magneto-electric effects. Features of the structure, properties and synthesis of various modifications of vanadium dioxide are discussed, and the effects of doping with hydrogen by means of plasma-immersion ion implantation are explored. Additionally, the structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of BiFeO3 and its doped sister compounds are studied experimentally using density functional theory calculations.

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This edited monograph includes five chapters, each detailing recent advancements in materials science research. Chapter One discusses various processes to manufacture lithium alloys and salts as well as fabricated pebbles of lithium-based ceramics with desired properties for their use as tritium breeder materials. Chapter Two examines how the mechanical performance of glass fibre reinforced hybrid composites changes according to glass fibre type, glass fibre end form, other reinforcing non-fibrous or fibre-based materials and composite manufacturing method. Chapter Three describes studies concerning the properties of synthesised organometallics. Chapter Four investigates the correlation between the surface chemistry and the corrosion resistance of silanised samples of AZ91D magnesium alloy. Lastly, Chapter Five describes the control methods of brittle intermetallic compounds in the welding process of titanium and other alloys.

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Advances in Materials Science Research. Volume 40 first summarizes the recently published literature regarding modern applications of lignocellulosic materials. Lignocellulosic materials were conventionally treated as wastes for disposal, but are gaining recognition for their role in the supply of renewable resources. The authors discuss in detail the material attributes of pullulan and their correlation with the quality attributes of finished formulation, including: assay, dissolution, related substances and content uniformity. Additionally, this compilation presents the development of a dip-coating instrument and its applications in the thin film deposition of colloidal nanocrystals. The instrument was based on an Arduino microcontroller, a stepper motor and a mechanical structure using a belt and pulley connection from motor to substrate holder. Silicone oil emulsions stabilized by various emulsifiers, such as surfactants, polymers, and solid particles (with and without pre-adsorbed surfactants or polymers) are also reviewed. Emulsion stability, interfacial properties, and rheological properties as a function of the emulsifier concentration in the complete emulsification of silicone oil are discussed. Next, the wet-chemical method was used to prepare various ZnO coated carbon nanotube nanocomposites, ZnO coated carbon black, ZnO coated graphene oxide, and ZnO nanoparticles in higher pH mediums. This approach was used to detect and quantify the xanthine in real samples. The concluding chapter highlights the results of studies on structure transformations in amorphous Fe-based alloys induced by laser irradiation, the kinetics and mechanisms of structure phase transitions, and the irradiation influence on magnetic and mechanical properties of the alloy.

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This volume includes seven chapters that present recent updates in materials science research. Chapter One reviews recent theoretical investigations on designing single-atom catalysts as efficient electrocatalysts in key energy conversion reactions including the oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and carbon dioxide reduction reaction. Chapter Two investigates the potential of zirconium-based adsorbents for the sequestration of dyes and heavy metals from water bodies. Chapter Three highlights the active centers of catalytic synthesis of ammonia on a sequence of single-atom catalysts, metal alloys and clusters using density functional theory calculations, semi-empirical calculations, microkinetic modeling and experimental data. Chapter Four deals with the application of zirconium and zirconium alloys in the biomedical field. Chapter Five summarizes the latest commercially available strategies for reducing and replacing the use of toxic and polluting sanitizing agents in the food industry while still allowing for a long-lasting effect against bacterial contamination. Chapter Six includes the results of a study of metal matrix composites for identification of non-agglomerated nanodiamonds. Lastly, Chapter Seven shows that electron tunneling through a potential barrier that separates two colloidal quantum dots of germanium leads to the splitting of electron states localized over spherical interfaces.

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This volume includes six chapters and presents some of the latest advancements in materials science research. Chapter One describes the structural characterization, the polyelectrolyte properties and the proton dynamics of imidazole-based materials, with special emphasis on the application for proton conductors, gene delivery systems, pollutant adsorbents, fluorescent sensors and OLED technologies. Chapter Two details various characteristics of polyethylene terephthalate fiber. Chapter Three explains the foundation of photonic crystals from one-dimension to higher-order and introduces topological ideas in photonic crystals. Chapter Four includes research on production, properties and applications of polyethylene terephthalate. Chapter Five explores the potential application of antimonene as an anode material in sodium-ion batteries. Finally, Chapter Six summarizes recent advances on the role of fullerene additions for structural behaviors of thermoplastic matrices.

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This compilation includes six chapters that present various advancements in materials science research. Chapter One suggests new rigorous approaches to the mathematical modelling and electromagnetic analysis of 2D photonic crystals. Chapter Two details the results of a dynamical study of positron channelling in a (11, 9) chiral single-wall carbon nanotube. Chapter Three uses a deconvolution of IR spectra to attribute the spectra components to definite phases in multiphase proton exchange waveguides. Chapter Four describes the third-order nonlinear optical application of organometallic compounds. Chapter Five focuses on evaluating the behaviour of cementitious composites produced with different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes providing a relationship between mechanical properties, ultrasound pulse velocity and the frequency resonance method. Finally, Chapter Six deals with the design of a capillary electrophoresis sensor based on micro-structured fibres.

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This edited monograph presents five chapters, each detailing a recent advancement in materials science research. Chapter One focuses on several topics in the field of spintronics, including giant magnetoresistance observed in spin valves using various iron oxides and their interesting magnetisation reversals by interlayer exchange coupling and spin-polarised tunnelling in magnetic tunnel junctions using electrodes of half-metallic magnetite. Chapter Two describes the synthesis of eight coordination polymers by vial reaction method. Chapter Three introduces physical, thermal and electrochemical properties of ionic liquid-based polymer electrolytes and their applications in rechargeable lithium batteries. Chapter Four explores the aspects of opening of bandgap in graphene. Chapter Five describes the use of aluminium alloys, which are lightweight and high-strength materials, in the construction of the hull of a ship.

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