Search results for ""Author Douglas""

A standard track gauge - the distance between the two rails - enables connecting railway lines to exchange traffic. But despite the benefits of standardization, early North American railways used six different gauges extensively, and even today breaks of gauges at national borders and within such countries as India and Australia are expensive burdens on commerce. In "Tracks across Continents, Paths through History", Douglas J. Puffert offers a global history of railway track gauges, examining early choices and the dynamic process of diversity and standardization that resulted. Drawing on the economic theory of path dependence, and grounded in economic, technical, and institutional realities, this innovative volume traces how early historical events, and even idiosyncratic personalities, have affected choices of gauges ever since, despite changing technology and understandings of which gauges are optimal. Puffert also uses this history to develop new insights in the theory of path dependence. "Tracks across Continents, Paths through History" will be essential reading for anyone interested in how history and economics inform each other.

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In the wake of the tragedy and destruction that came with Hurricane Katrina in 2005, public schools in New Orleans became part of an almost unthinkable experiment--eliminating the traditional public education system and completely replacing it with charter schools and school choice. Fifteen years later, the results have been remarkable, and the complex lessons learned should alter the way we think about American education. New Orleans became the first US city ever to adopt a school system based on the principles of markets and economics. When the state took over all of the city's public schools, it turned them over to non-profit charter school managers accountable under performance-based contracts. Students were no longer obligated to attend a specific school based upon their address, allowing families to act like consumers and choose schools in any neighborhood. The teacher union contract, tenure, and certification rules were eliminated, giving schools autonomy and control to hire and fire as they pleased. In Charter School City, Douglas N. Harris provides an inside look at how and why these reform decisions were made and offers many surprising findings from one of the most extensive and rigorous evaluations of a district school reform ever conducted. Through close examination of the results, Harris finds that this unprecedented experiment was a noteworthy success on almost every measurable student outcome. But, as Harris shows, New Orleans was uniquely situated for these reforms to work well and that this market-based reform still required some specific and active roles for government. Letting free markets rule on their own without government involvement will not generate the kinds of changes their advocates suggest. Combining the evidence from New Orleans with that from other cities, Harris draws out the broader lessons of this unprecedented reform effort. At a time when charter school debates are more based on ideology than data, this book is a powerful, evidence-based, and in-depth look at how we can rethink the roles for governments, markets, and non-profit organizations in education to ensure that America's schools and fulfill their potential for all students.

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In 1655, the philosopher Thomas Hobbes claimed he had solved the centuries-old problem of "squaring of the circle" (constructing a square equal in area to a given circle). With a scathing rebuttal to Hobbes's claims, the mathematician John Wallis began one of the longest and most intense intellectual disputes of all time. This book presents an account of the controversy, from the core mathematics to the broader philosophical, political and religious issues at stake. Hobbes believed that by recasting geometry in a materialist mold, he could solve any geometric problem and thereby demonstrate the power of his materialist metaphysics. Wallis, a prominent Presbyterian divine as well as an eminent mathematician, refuted Hobbes's geometry as a means of discrediting his philosophy, which Wallis saw as a dangerous mix of atheism and pernicious political theory. Hobbes and Wallis's "battle of the books" illuminates the intimate relationship between science and crucial 17th-century debates over the limits of sovereign power and the existence of God.

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Markets are artifacts of language - so Douglas R. Holmes argues in this deeply researched look at central banks and the people who run them. Working at the intersection of anthropology, linguistics, and economics, he shows how central bankers have been engaging in communicative experiments that predate the financial crisis and continue to be refined amid its unfolding turmoil - experiments that do not merely describe the economy, but actually create its distinctive features. Holmes examines the New York District Branch of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, Deutsche Bundesbank, and the Bank of England, among others, and shows how bank officials have created a new monetary regime that relies on collaboration with the public to achieve the ends of monetary policy. Central bankers, Holmes argues, have shifted the conceptual anchor of monetary affairs away from standards such as gold or fixed exchange rates and toward an evolving relationship with the public, one rooted in sentiments and expectations. Going behind closed doors to reveal the intellectual world of central banks, Economy of Words offers provocative new insights into the way our economic circumstances are conceptualized and ultimately managed.

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On the fringes of the music scene in a Southern college town, a lonely young student driven to fl ee a troubled adolescence pursues and forms a life-altering relationship with an acclaimed artist-musician. Their understanding develops in a pattern of sex and reticence, soon impacting both their paths and greatly shifting expectations. Written “as if telling the truth was a matter of survival” (Andrew O’Hagan), it is a queer bildungsroman.

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Of Angie Estes, the poet and critic Steph Burt has written that she “has created some of the most beautiful verbal objects in the world.” In The Allure of Grammar, Doug Rutledge gathers insightful responses to the full range of Estes’s work—from a review of her first chapbook to a reading of two poems appearing in her 2018 book, Parole—that approach these beautiful verbal objects with both intellectual rigor and genuine awe. In addition to presenting an overview of critical reactions to Estes’s oevre, reviews by Langdon Hammer, Julianne Buchsbaum, and Christopher Spaide also provide a helpful context for approaching a poet who claims to distrust narrative. Original essays consider the craft of Estes’s poetry and offer literary analysis. Ahren Warner uses line breaks to explore a postmodern analysis of Estes’s work. Mark Irwin looks at her poetic structure. Lee Upton employs a feminist perspective to explore Estes’s use of italics and to look at the way she uses dance as a poetic image. Doug Rutledge considers her relationship to Dante and to the literary tradition through her use of ekphrasis. An interview with Estes herself, in which she speaks of a poem as an “arranged place . . . where experience happens,” adds her perspective to the mix, at turns resonating with and challenging her critics. The Allure of Grammar will be useful for teachers and students of creative writing interested in the craft of non-narrative poetry. Readers of contemporary poetry who already admire Estes will find this collection insightful, while those not yet familiar with her work will come away from these essays eager to seek out her books.

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Traditionally, scholars study ancient Near Eastern royal inscriptions to reconstruct the events they narrate. In recent decades, however, a new approach has analyzed these inscriptions as products of royal ideology and has delineated the way that ideology has shaped their narration of historical events. This ideologically-sensitive approach has focused on kings' accounts of their military campaigns. This study applies this approach to the narration of royal domestic achievements, first in the Neo-Assyrian inscriptional tradition, but especially in nine West Semitic inscriptions from the 10th to 7th centuries B.C.E. and describes how these accounts also function as the products of royal ideology.

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The fourteenth century witnessed a late medieval arms race; an era that began with knightly combatants armed in mail—and ended with them dressed head-to-toe in the complete plate armour that is commonly associated with knights. Although well documented in art and effigies, only a very few examples of this early plate armour survive. In this series of four planned volumes, Douglas Strong brings together three decades of research to offer a lavishly illustrated catalogue of these surviving pieces with a detailed record of their provenance, characteristics, construction details, and current whereabouts. Filled with colour and black-white photos, line-drawings, this book is a piece of artwork in its own right. Volume One focuses on the bascinet, the ubiquitous helmet of the period. Developing out of a small skull-cap worn beneath the great helm, it quickly evolved into a complete head defence of its own, becoming the helmet that defines the knightly harness of the second half of the fourteenth century and which survived in common usage into the early decades of the fifteenth century. Organizing the surviving examples into broad, morphological categories for both helmets and visors, Douglas Strong not only creates a catalogue of surviving pieces, but presents a basic typology, the first of its kind, into which future discoveries can be placed. Colour and b&w illustrations. Forthcoming volumes include: Volume II: Additional Head Defenses Volume III: Limb Defenses Volume IV: Body Defenses

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When the young composer Douglas Cohen first secured the musical rights to the novel No Way to Treat a Lady by William Goldman—the acclaimed author of The Princess Bride and Marathon Man—he hoped it would be his big break, the first step on a gilt path to artistic triumph and commercial success in the form of a hit Broadway musical.What happened after that, while memorable, was anything but.How to Survive a Killer Musical chronicles Cohen's decade-long quest to bring that musical to the stage—writing, re-writing, and shepherding it across the US and Europe amidst all manner of adversity and plain rotten luck. It's a fascinating portrait of passion, persistence, and resilience—a coming-of-age story populated with famous mentors and formidable adversaries, told with refreshing honesty and humor. On Cohen's journey, he introduces us to an indelible cast of characters including a two-time Academy Award-winning screenwriter who invites Cohen to his personal screening room for a marathon midnight brainstorming session; a Tony Award-winning director making his comeback after a horrific accident renders him a quadriplegic; and a celebrated, volatile British director who inspires a fruitful collaboration in London, only to later leave carnage in his wake. Catastrophes abound, including the near-fatal stabbing of a female lead in rehearsal and an onstage accident incapacitating another leading lady—leaving only the author to go on in her place! Throughout, Cohen’s attempts to keep his optimism and his cool are offset by the cynical, cheerfully profane Goldman, who regards the show’s travails with bemusement even as he remains one of the composer’s most reliable supporters.Whether you’re a fan of musicals or just someone who’s suffered trying to bring a passion project into the world, this tale of fortitude in the face of obstacles, personalities, and egos will make for an eye-opening and frequently hilarious journey.

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A surprise attack on the nation’s military bases and power stations sends the Armed Forces scrambling. When impoverished, disheartened, poorly educated, but well-armed aboriginal young people find a modern revolutionary leader, they rally with a battle cry of "Take Back the Land!" Theirs is a fight to right the wrongs inflicted on them by "the white settlers."They know they are too small to take on the entire country, but they don’t need to. Over a few tension-filled days as the battles rages over abundant energy resources, the frantic prime minister can only watch as the insurrection paralyzes the country. But when energy-dependent Americans discover the southward flow of Canadian hydroelectricity, oil, and natural gas is halted, they do not remain passive.Although none of the country’s leaders see it coming, the shattering consequences unfold with the same plausible harmony by which quiet aboriginal protests decades ago became the eerie premonitions of today’s stand-offs and "days of action."

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MEDICAL DECISION MAKING Detailed resource showing how to best make medical decisions while incorporating clinical practice guidelines and decision support systems Sir William Osler, a legendary physician of an earlier era, once said, Medicine is a science of uncertainty and an art of probability. In Osler's day, and now, decisions about treatment often cannot wait until the diagnosis is certain. Medical Decision Making is about how to make the best possible decision given that uncertainty. The book shows how to tailor decisions under uncertainty to achieve the best outcome based on published evidence, features of a patient's illness, and the patient's preferences. Medical Decision Making describes a powerful framework for helping clinicians and their patients reach decisions that lead to outcomes that the patient prefers. That framework contains the key principles of patient-centered decision-making in clinical practice. Since the first edition of Medical Decision Making in 1988,

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Lang Rongrien Rockshelter was the first site excavated in Thailand to produce a clearly stratified, charcoal-dated late Pleistocene deposit beneath a well-defined Early Holocene Hoabinhian deposit. This volume presents in detail the excavations at Lang Rongrien Rockshelter in the mid-1980s. Anderson uses the evidence excavated as a starting point to reevaluate several issues with respect to Pleistocene/Early Holocene human habitation in Southeast Asia. University Museum Monograph, 71

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The Arts & Crafts Movement began as a response to the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century, first in England and then in the United States. It idealized the craftsman and embraced simple, strong designs executed by hand. The art, metalwork, pottery, textiles, and furniture of the Arts & Crafts Movement are enormously popular in today's antique market, and the designs are inspiring a whole new wave of creativity. This new book explores the Movement on both sides of the Atlantic. It focuses on furniture, which Gustav Stickley called the "clearest concrete expression of the Craftsman idea," and also includes large representations of all the decorative arts. It covers a broad range of items, from the rarest to the common. All of the pieces have been on the market and are accessible to collectors at various levels. The pieces are illustrated in over 500 full-color photographs. Each is carefully described and an estimate of its current value is given. Many English and nearly all American manufacturers are represented, as are the hundreds of forms that evolved during this period of design. This new addition to the literature on Arts and Crafts will be of great interest to collectors and dealers alike, helping them to appreciate and evaluate their cherished treasures.

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From the years of slavery through the years of civil rights, images of black people have taken many forms. Some of these images were positive and some negative and stereotypical. Together they help us see and measure the history of racial attitudes in America, and make up the growing field of what is called Black Collectibles. These collectibles help to chronicle an important aspect of American history. Hundreds of these items are gathered together for Images in Black: 300 Years of Black Collectibles, and are illustrated in full color. The text helps the reader understand the history, and the price guide makes the volume useful for evaluating the market in black collectibles.

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Ideal for network engineers involved in building a data center, this practical guide provides a comprehensive and technical deep-dive into the new Juniper QFX5100 switching family. You'll learn how the Juniper QFX5100 enables you to create simple-to-use data centers or build some of the largest IP Fabrics in the world. This book is chock-full of helpful technical illustrations and code examples to help you get started on all of the major architectures and features of Juniper QFX5100 switches, whether you're an enterprise or service provider. With this book, you'll be well on your way to becoming a Juniper QFX5100 expert. All of the examples and features are based on Junos releases 13.2X51-D20.2 and 14.1X53-D10. Fully understand the hardware and software architecture of the Juniper QFX5100 Design your own IP Fabric architecture Perform in-service software upgrades Be familiar with the performance and scaling maximums Create a data center switching fabric with Virtual Chassis Fabric Automate networking devices with Python, Ruby, Perl, and Go Build an overlay architecture with VMware NSX and Juniper Contrail Export real-time analytics information to graph latency, jitter, bandwidth, and other features

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This 12-week study helps readers study some of Scripture's most famous narrative parables and understand their place in the storyline of Scripture.

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Glutton, demon of destruction, symbol of slaughter, mightiest of wilderness villains...The wolverine comes marked with a reputation based on myth and fancy. Yet this enigmatic animal is more complex than the legends that surround it. With a shrinking wilderness and global warming, the future of the wolverine is uncertain. The Wolverine Way reveals the natural history of this species and the forces that threaten its future, engagingly told by Douglas Chadwick, who volunteered with the Glacier Wolverine Project. This five-year study in Glacier National Park -- which involved dealing with blizzards, grizzlies, sheer mountain walls, and other daily challenges to survival -- uncovered key missing information about the wolverine's habitat, social structure and reproduction habits. Wolverines, according to Chadwick, are the land equivalent of polar bears in regard to the impacts of global warming. The plight of wolverines adds to the call for wildlife corridors that connect existing habitat that is proposed by the Freedom to Roam coalition.

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The charm of milk glass has captured the hearts of thousands of collectors around the world. Though its name implies a milky whiteness, milk glass is now a term that encompasses opaque glass in a whole range of colors, from white to an almost solid black. This new book explores the world of milk glass in over 575 beautiful color photos. It contains items from the major manufacturers, ranging from hens on nests to miniature bank buildings and from plates to pigs, with examples of most of the colors and forms. Manufactured from the 19th to the late 20th century, they demonstrate the continuing popularity of milk glass. Designed for the new as well as the more experienced collector , the book is organized by manufacturers, with a brief history of each followed by a selection of their products. Current values are included for each piece. This book will delight and inform.

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Knowing who God is – his character, his plans and why he wants us to pray – are essentials in building our understanding of prayer. Douglas Kelly is a distinguished theologian – he is well qualified to guide us both as a teacher and a fellow traveller, sharing his own setbacks and blessings. One of the biggest questions about prayer is not ‘How do you do it?’ but rather ‘Do we know who we are speaking to?’

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There is so much in the past, present and future that we do not understand. The book of Revelation helps us understand who is in full and sovereign control, the victorious Lamb on his throne. And what a great unveiling of the glorious Saviour is revealed in this apocalyptic book! In 65 expositional chapters, Douglas Kelly draws our attention to the central theme of this profound book – the Lord Jesus Christ himself. The Mentor Expository Series holds to an inerrant view of Scripture. The series is thoroughly researched with helpful practical application. This is a resource for pastors and Bible teachers who want to draw on Christ–centered expository teaching and for the lay reader who wants to delve more deeply into the riches of the Word of God.

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You can breathe a little easier knowing there's a proven way to master respiratory pharmacology! For over 30 years, Rau's Respiratory Care Pharmacology has been considered the preeminent text on the subject. With easy to grasp terminology, relatable explanations, and reader-friendly writing, the 10th edition simplifies the process of learning pharmacology material like never before. As in previous editions, Rau's is organized into three logical sections, covering the basics of respiratory care, frequently used drugs, and critical care medications. New to this edition is a Clinical Connections feature that helps you to connect lessons from the book with the clinical setting. Rau's truly is the best source for preparing you for success on your exams and in professional practice! Learning objectives parallel the levels tested by the NBRC exams to help you to identify important information that goes beyond memorization and recall. Key terms with definitions provide easy access to the pharmacologic vocabulary you should embrace. Key points boxes in each chapter highlight important concepts in the lesson. Full-color design makes the text more reader-friendly and helps you to identify relevant details within an illustration. Self-assessment questions give you the opportunity to test yourself on content learned with thought-provoking questions that require short answers. Clinical scenarios with follow-up SOAP assessment help you to assess your comprehension of the material. Glossary of all key terms in the text aids you in understanding the terminology associated with respiratory care pharmacology. Appendices on common units, systems of measurement, and acceptable mixtures provides references to need-to-know information such as abbreviations, conversion charts for temperatures, liquid metric and solids, and a simple drug compatibility chart for drug mixtures. Alphabetical drug index offers a direct index to look up information based on drug name. NEW! Recently-approved FDA medications help familiarize you with current information. UPDATED All asthma (GINA & NAEPP) and COPD (Gold guidelines) protocols to the latest editions. UPDATED Enhanced readability helps you to more easily understand difficult material. NEW! Clinical Connection boxes helps you to connect what you've learned with the clinical setting.

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The classic book that introduced the investment industry to the concept of trading psychology. With rare insight based on his firsthand commodity trading experience, author Mark Douglas demonstrates how the mental matters that allow us function effectively in society are often psychological barriers in trading. After examining how we develop losing attitudes, this book prepares you for a thorough “mental housecleaning” of deeply rooted thought processes. And then it shows the reader how to develop and apply attitudes and behaviors that transcend psychological obstacles and lead to success. The Disciplined Trader helps you join the elite few who have learned how to control their trading behavior (the few traders who consistently take the greatest percentage of profits out of the market) by developing a systematic, step-by-step approach to winning week after week, month after month. The book is divided into three parts: • An overview of the psychological requirements of the trading environment• A definition of the problems and challenges of becoming a successful trader• Basic insights into what behavior may need to be changed, and how to build a framework for accomplishing this goal• How to develop specific trading skills based on a clear, objective perspective on market action “A groundbreaking work published in 1990 examining as to why most traders cannot raise their equity on a consistent basis, bringing the reader to practical conclusions to go about changing any limiting mindset.”—Larry Pesavento, TradingTutor.com

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Voy a ser muy claro: si tiene algún valor, vamos a robarlo. Os apuntáis?Gideon Crew, científico brillante y ladrón de enorme talento, se ha quedado sin trabajo: su antiguo jefe, Eli Glinn, ha desaparecido sin dejar rastro y ha cerrado la empresa de la noche a la mañana. No obstante, este es el menor de sus males, pues le quedan meses de vida. Mientras recogen sus pertenencias, Gideon y su colega Manuel Garza descubren que un programa informático ha logrado descifrar la tan esperada traducción del disco de piedra de una civilización perdida bajo el desierto egipcio: el disco de Festo (o disco de Phaistos).Crew, condenado por su enfermedad, no necesita que lo persuadan para embarcarse en la aventura final con Garza. Al fin y al cabo, qué riesgo corres cuando tienes los días contados?

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Just in time for the 2012 election, Douglas E. Schoen, one of America’s preeminent political pundits, analyzes the growing chasm between the political class—politicians, lobbyists, fundraisers, consultants—and the American Mainstream, frustrated with government’s inability to address the major issues affecting their lives. This gap has given rise to populist movements on the right and the left and driven our two-party system to the brink of possible collapse—in ways that have never been fully discussed or articulated.

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Design and Analysis of Experiments provides a rigorous introduction to product and process design improvement through quality and performance optimization. Clear demonstration of widely practiced techniques and procedures allows readers to master fundamental concepts, develop design and analysis skills, and use experimental models and results in real-world applications. Detailed coverage of factorial and fractional factorial design, response surface techniques, regression analysis, biochemistry and biotechnology, single factor experiments, and other critical topics offer highly-relevant guidance through the complexities of the field. Stressing the importance of both conceptual knowledge and practical skills, this text adopts a balanced approach to theory and application. Extensive discussion of modern software tools integrate data from real-world studies, while examples illustrate the efficacy of designed experiments across industry lines, from service and transactional organizations to heavy industry and biotechnology. Broad in scope yet deep in detail, this text is both an essential student resource and an invaluable reference for professionals in engineering, science, manufacturing, statistics, and business management.

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To find more information about Rowman and Littlefield titles, please visit www.rowmanlittlefield.com.

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Harriet Tubman's social activism as well as her efforts as a soldier, nurse, and spy have been retold in countless books and films and have justly elevated her to iconic status in American history. Given her fame and contributions, it is surprising how little is known of her later years and her continued efforts for social justice, women's rights, and care for the elderly. Tubman housed and cared for her extended family, parents, brothers, sisters, nieces, and nephews, as well as many other African Americans seeking refuge. Ultimately her house just outside of Auburn, New York, would become a focal point of Tubman's expanded efforts to provide care to those who came to her seeking shelter and support, in the form of the Harriet Tubman Home for the Aged.In this book, Armstrong reconstructs and interprets Tubman's public and private life in freedom through integrating his archaeological findings with historical research. The material record Tubman left behind sheds vital light on her life and the ways in which she interacted with local and national communities, giving readers a fuller understanding of her impact on the lives of African Americans. Armstrong's research is part of a wider effort to enhance public interpretation and engagement with the Harriet Tubman Home.

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This work covers the story of an important antebellum reform movement: ecclesiastical abolitionism. It covers the struggle among the most radical religions to purge their churches and society of sin, especially slavery, and their uncompromising efforts to force morality into political discourse.

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In the face of potentially cataclysmic challenges and existential threats to both humanity and the planet, it is timely for this generation to recall and then live by forgotten or ignored universal ethical principles and virtues. Transcendental Spirituality, Wisdom and Virtue: The Divine Virtues and Treasures of the Heart identifies and explores 36 such principles that represent divine virtues or universal ethical principles. Supported by relevant scriptural passages from various faiths such as Baha'i, Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Indigenous spiritual beliefs, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shintoism, Sikhism, Taoism and Zoroastrianism, each chapter is devoted to exploring and synthesizing the essence of the scriptural meaning and scope of one Divine Virtue. While previous works have focussed generally on ancient wisdom, this book extends beyond wisdom to include 35 additional virtues or spiritual principles that underpin these great and diverse religions.

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Practical, case-based resource helps students integrate content from neuroanatomy and clinical coursesClinical Neuroanatomy: A Case-Based Approach by Douglas Gould and Gustavo Patino presents nervous system anatomy in a clinically-integrated manner, making it an ideal learning tool for medical students. Forty-seven succinct patient presentations feature a step-by-step walk-through of the lesion localization, correlating neuroanatomy with signs and symptoms. Each consistently organized case also includes the patient complaint, salient medical history, physical exam findings, discussion of symptoms, differential diagnoses, and potential tests.Key Highlights High-yield, patient-focused vignettes challenge students to find the lesion and propose differential diagnoses Images provide an illustrative review of relevant anatomy and impacted pathways A visually-rich appendix provides a quick anatomi

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Building information modeling (BIM) is rapidly replacing AutoCAD as the digital drawing tool of choice for architects and interior designers—and Revit ® Architecture is the leading software package in the BIM marketplace. Neither simplistic nor exhaustive, Revit ® Architecture 2020 for Designers is written specifically for architects and interior designers learning digital drawing for the first time or transitioning from CAD to BIM. Beginning with the building blocks of BIM (levels, walls, windows, and doors), the book progresses through in-depth instructions to create both presentation drawings and construction documents. Advanced features are also covered, such as custom families, photorealistic rendering, custom title blocks, and exporting drawings to AutoCAD ® and SketchUp. Instructions are fully illustrated, creating a smooth transition to the BIM environment for all designers.

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The consequences of the federal Housing Act of 1949—which supported the clearance and redevelopment of “blighted” areas across the nation—were felt by communities of all sizes, not just large cities. The Many Geographies of Urban Renewal presents a more comprehensive view of the federal urban renewal program by situating the experiences of large cities like Baltimore, MD and Philadelphia PA alongside other geographies, such as the small city of Waterville, ME, suburban St. Louis County in Missouri, the State of New York, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and others. Chapters identify trends and connections that cut across jurisdictional boundaries, investigate who used federal funds, how those funds were used, and examine the profound short and long-term consequences of the program. Taken as a whole, the essays showcase the unexpected diversity of how different communities used the federal urban renewal program. The Many Geographies of Urban Renewal allows us to better understand what was arguably the most significant urban policy of the 20th century, and how that policy shaped the American landscape. Contributors include Francesca Russello Ammon, Brent Cebul, Robert B. Fairbanks, Leif Fredrickson, Colin Gordon, David Hochfelder, Robert K. Nelson, Benjamin D. Lisle, Stacy Kinlock Sewell and the editor.

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Many LGBTQ youth are still forced into harmful “treatments” with devastating mental health consequences. This volume explores the history, effects, and danger of so-called conversion therapy. Because conversion “therapy” is not actually therapeutic, it is now more accurately referred to as sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) or gender identity change efforts (GICE). What does the record show about the efficacy and effects of SOCE and GICE? What motivates individuals to seek these harmful treatments, either for themselves or for their children? This book synthesizes findings from a vast literature base to answer these and other important questions, in hopes of fully discrediting SOCE and GICE once and for all. Over the last four decades, considerable research has showed SOCE to be not only ineffective, but harmful. As a result of these findings, professional organizations such as the American Psychological Association (APA) have denounced the practice and recommended affirmative, supportive treatment instead. Although SOCE have been widely discredited, they remain legal in most states and continue to be practiced with lesbian, gay, and bisexual children and adolescents. Furthermore, as the past 20 years have seen an increase in gender nonconforming and transgender individuals, there has been a similar rise in efforts to socially reprogram gender nonconforming children and adolescents. This volume is grounded in the principle long embraced by the scientific and healthcare communities—that same-sex attraction and gender nonconformity are not signs of psychopathology. Rather, sexual and gender minority individuals should be supported in embracing their own identities. This affirmative approach to practice with sexual and gender minorities is consistent with decades of APA policy and ethics.

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