Search results for ""birkhäuser""

This book introduces the reader to the wonders of Mars, covering all aspects from our past perceptions of the planet through to the latest knowledge on its history, its surface processes such as impact cratering, volcano formation, and glaciation, and its atmosphere and climate. In addition, a series of ten intriguing open issues are considered in a more advanced way. These include such thought-provoking questions as What turned off the planet’s magnetic field?, Why are the northern and southern hemispheres so different?, What was the fate of the once abundant water?, and Is there, or was there, life on Mars? Numerous original figures, unavailable elsewhere, reproduce details of images from Viking, CTX, MOC, HiRISE, THEMIS, and HRSC. The book will appeal especially to general readers interested in planetary sciences, astronomy, astrogeology, and space exploration and to students of Earth Sciences and Natural and Environmental Sciences. The higher-level material on the remaining mysteries of Mars will also be of interest to astrogeologists and other researchers.

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This book provides a comprehensive analysis of asset price movement. It examines different aspects of stock return predictability, the interaction between stock return and dividend growth predictability, the relationship between stocks and bonds, and the resulting implications for asset price movement. By contributing to our understanding of the factors that cause price movement, this book will be of benefit to researchers, practitioners and policy makers alike.

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Now in its second edition, this textbook serves as an introduction to probability and statistics for non-mathematics majors who do not need the exhaustive detail and mathematical depth provided in more comprehensive treatments of the subject. The presentation covers the mathematical laws of random phenomena, including discrete and continuous random variables, expectation and variance, and common probability distributions such as the binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. More classical examples such as Montmort's problem, the ballot problem, and Bertrand’s paradox are now included, along with applications such as the Maxwell-Boltzmann and Bose-Einstein distributions in physics.Key features in new edition:* 35 new exercises* Expanded section on the algebra of sets * Expanded chapters on probabilities to include more classical examples* New section on regression* Online instructors' manual containing solutions to all exercises<Advanced undergraduate and graduate students in computer science, engineering, and other natural and social sciences with only a basic background in calculus will benefit from this introductory text balancing theory with applications.Review of the first edition: This textbook is a classical and well-written introduction to probability theory and statistics. … the book is written ‘for an audience such as computer science students, whose mathematical background is not very strong and who do not need the detail and mathematical depth of similar books written for mathematics or statistics majors.’ … Each new concept is clearly explained and is followed by many detailed examples. … numerous examples of calculations are given and proofs are well-detailed." (Sophie Lemaire, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2008 m)

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This publication documents a series of ambitious, large-scale projects produced by Christian Moeller within the public sphere between 2004 and 2023. During these years, the artist's practice underwent a considerable shift in focus. Renouncing his former self-designation as media architect, Moeller began to downplay the role of information technology within his work to instead emphasize its pictorial and sculptural qualities. The works in this volume are based on a keen observation of social processes, often with a view to their playful disruption. At once fitting into and standing out fromtheir surroundings, they present the public with a welcome reprieve from the routines of workaday life. Open Encounters offers an exhaustive, lavishly illustrated overview of a highly productive period in Moeller's practice. The book features a career-spanning essay and running commentary on individual works by Jan Tumlir as well as texts by Harriet F. Senie, Cath Brunner, Tim Griffin and Christian Mo

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Authors: Hugo Bachmann, Walter J. Ammann, Florian Deischl, Josef Eisenmann, Ingomar Floegl, Gerhard H. Hirsch, Gunter K. Klein, Goran J. Lande, Oskar Mahrenholtz, Hans G. Natke, Hans Nussbaumer, Anthony J. Pretlove, Johann H. Rainer, Ernst-Ulrich Saemann, Lorenz Steinbeisser. Large structures such as factories, gymnasia, concert halls, bridges, towers, masts and chimneys can be detrimentally affected by vibrations. These vibrations can cause either serviceability problems, severely hampering the user's comfort, or safety problems. The aim of this book is to provide structural and civil engineers working in construction and environmental engineering with practical guidelines for counteracting vibration problems. Dynamic actions are considered from the following sources of vibration: - human body motions, - rotating, oscillating and impacting machines, - wind flow, - road traffic, railway traffic and construction work. The main section of the book presents tools that aid in decision-making and in deriving simple solutions to cases of frequently occurring "normal" vibration problems. Complexer problems and more advanced solutions are also considered. In all cases these guidelines should enable the engineer to decide on appropriate solutions expeditiously. The appendices of the book contain fundamentals essential to the main chapters.

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When Leonhard Euler first arrived at the Russian Academy of Sciences, at the age of 20, his career was supported and promoted by the Academy’s secretary, the Prussian jurist and amateur mathematician Christian Goldbach (1690-1764). Their encounter would grow into a lifelong friendship, as evinced by nearly 200 letters sent over 35 years.This exchange – Euler’s most substantial long-term correspondence – has now been edited for the first time with an English translation, ample commentary and documentary indices. These present an overview of 18th-century number theory, its sources and repercussions, many details of the protagonists’ biographies, and a wealth of insights into academic life in St. Petersburg and Berlin between 1725 and 1765.Part I includes an introduction and the original texts of the Euler-Goldbach letters, while Part II presents the English translations and documentary indices.

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When Leonhard Euler first arrived at the Russian Academy of Sciences, at the age of 20, his career was supported and promoted by the Academy’s secretary, the Prussian jurist and amateur mathematician Christian Goldbach (1690-1764). Their encounter would grow into a lifelong friendship, as evinced by nearly 200 letters sent over 35 years.This exchange – Euler’s most substantial long-term correspondence – has now been edited for the first time with an English translation, ample commentary and documentary indices. These present an overview of 18th-century number theory, its sources and repercussions, many details of the protagonists’ biographies, and a wealth of insights into academic life in St. Petersburg and Berlin between 1725 and 1765.Part I includes an introduction and the original texts of the Euler-Goldbach letters, while Part II presents the English translations and documentary indices.

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This monograph provides an exhaustive treatment of several classes of Noetherian rings and morphisms of Noetherian local rings. Chapters carefully examine some of the most important topics in the area, including Nagata, F-finite and excellent rings, Bertini’s Theorem, and Cohen factorizations. Of particular interest is the presentation of Popescu’s Theorem on Neron Desingularization and the structure of regular morphisms, with a complete proof. Classes of Good Noetherian Rings will be an invaluable resource for researchers in commutative algebra, algebraic and arithmetic geometry, and number theory.

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This volume provides an in-depth overview of the current state of psoriasis and its management. It reviews the clinical manifestations of psoriasis as well as psoriatic arthritis and emphasizes the evolving paradigm of therapy. Coverage includes topical and ultraviolet therapies as well as traditional systemic therapy. In addition, a major focus of the volume is on biologic therapies. New agents in development are also reviewed.

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The common cold is unlike any other human disease because of two f- tors: firstly, it is arguably the most common human disease and, secondly, it is one of the most complex diseases because of the number of viruses that cause the familiar syndrome of sneezing, sore throat, runny nose and nasal congestion. These two factors have made a ‘cure’ for the common cold one of the most difficult scientific and clinical endeavours (a topic often d- cussed in the popular media, where comparisons are made with the ease of putting a man on the moon). The present book brings together a wide range of experts from epidemiologists to virologists and pharmacologists to look at recent advances in our knowledge of the common cold. In some respects the book is unique, as it focuses on the common cold, a syndrome so familiar to the layperson but one that receives little attention from the scientist and clinician. The common cold can be viewed from many different aspects as illustrated in Figure 1. The core knowledge for understanding the common cold must first come from virology and this is discussed in several chapters of the book. There have been major advances in this field because of the use of new methods of detecting viruses such as polymerase chain reaction techniques that have greatly aided our understanding of the epidemiology of viruses associated with common cold.

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This book is dedicated to study the inverse problem of ordinary differential equations, that is it focuses in finding all ordinary differential equations that satisfy a given set of properties. The Nambu bracket is the central tool in developing this approach. The authors start characterizing the ordinary differential equations in R^N which have a given set of partial integrals or first integrals. The results obtained are applied first to planar polynomial differential systems with a given set of such integrals, second to solve the 16th Hilbert problem restricted to generic algebraic limit cycles, third for solving the inverse problem for constrained Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanical systems, fourth for studying the integrability of a constrained rigid body. Finally the authors conclude with an analysis on nonholonomic mechanics, a generalization of the Hamiltonian principle, and the statement an solution of the inverse problem in vakonomic mechanics.

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This is an exercises book at the beginning graduate level, whose aim is to illustrate some of the connections between functional analysis and the theory of functions of one variable. A key role is played by the notions of positive definite kernel and of reproducing kernel Hilbert space. A number of facts from functional analysis and topological vector spaces are surveyed. Then, various Hilbert spaces of analytic functions are studied.

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This textbook focuses on the study of different kinds of elementary functions ubiquitous both in high school Algebra and Calculus. To analyze the functions ranging from polynomial to trigonometric ones, it uses rudimentary techniques available to high school students, and at the same time follows the mathematical rigor appropriate for university level courses.Contrary to other books of Pre-Calculus, this textbook emphasizes the study of elementary functions with rigor appropriate for university level courses in mathematics, although the exposition is confined to the pre-limit topics and techniques. This makes the book useful, on the one hand, as an introduction to mathematical reasoning and methods of proofs in mathematical analysis, and on the other hand, as a preparatory course on the properties of different kinds of elementary functions.The textbook is aimed at university freshmen and high-school students interested in learning strict mathematical reasoning and in preparing a solid base for subsequent study of elementary functions at advanced level of Calculus and Analysis. The required prerequisites correspond to the level of the high school Algebra. All the preliminary concepts and results related to the elementary functions are covered in the initial part of the text. This makes the textbook suitable for both classroom use and self-study.

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The book provides a non-perturbative approach to the symmetry breaking in the standard model, in this way avoiding the critical issues which affect the standard presentations. The debated empirical meaning of global and local gauge symmetries is clarified. The absence of Goldstone bosons in the Higgs mechanism is non-perturbatively explained by the validity of Gauss laws obeyed by the currents which generate the relatedglobal gauge symmetry. The solution of the U(1) problem and the vacuum structure in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) are obtained without recourse to the problematic semiclassical instanton approximation, by rather exploiting the topology of the gauge group.

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This study provides innovative mathematical models for assessing the eruption probability and associated volcanic hazards, and applies them to the Campi Flegrei caldera in Italy. Throughout the book, significant attention is devoted to quantifying the sources of uncertainty affecting the forecast estimates. The Campi Flegrei caldera is certainly one of the world’s highest-risk volcanoes, with more than 70 eruptions over the last 15,000 years, prevalently explosive ones of varying magnitude, intensity and vent location. In the second half of the twentieth century the volcano apparently once again entered a phase of unrest that continues to the present. Hundreds of thousands of people live inside the caldera and over a million more in the nearby city of Naples, making a future eruption of Campi Flegrei an event with potentially catastrophic consequences at the national and European levels.

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​This book collects some surveys on current trends in discrete mathematics and discrete geometry. The areas covered include: graph representations, structural graphs theory, extremal graph theory, Ramsey theory and constrained satisfaction problems.

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In the tradition of EuroComb'01 (Barcelona), Eurocomb'03 (Prague), EuroComb'05 (Berlin), Eurocomb'07 (Seville), Eurocomb'09 (Bordeaux), and Eurocomb'11 (Budapest), this volume covers recent advances in combinatorics and graph theory including applications in other areas of mathematics, computer science and engineering. Topics include, but are not limited to: Algebraic combinatorics, combinatorial geometry, combinatorial number theory, combinatorial optimization, designs and configurations, enumerative combinatorics, extremal combinatorics, ordered sets, random methods, topological combinatorics.

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In 2008, a school on the theory of optimal transportation and its applications took place in Pisa, with lectures by F. Barthe, W. Gangbo, F. Maggi and R. McCann. In this book, the notes of the first three lecturers are collected. They provide a deep insight on concentration inequalities, evolution PDEs of Hamiltonian type, geometric and functional inequalities.

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Starting from a specific industrial problem related to the propellant flow within a liquid propellant rocket engine, this book develops a numerical method for simulating three-dimensional, generic barotropic flows in rotating frames. It proposes a novel finite volume compressible approach for unstructured grids, suitably preconditioned for accurately dealing with nearly-incompressible flows.

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These are transcripts of notes taken at (some of) the lectures given at the Mittag-Leffler Institute during the first semester of the year 1996/97 on Enumerative geometry and its interaction with theoretical physics. The first part of this collection consists of notes from talks on the basics of quantum cohomology; the second part treats more advanced topics in quantum cohomology; the third part consists of background material and related topics; an appendix gives a description of Kresch's C-program Farsta for quantum cohomology computations. These notes are meant as a series of snapshots of quantum cohomology as seen by the speakers at the time of their lectures. The reader should bear in mind that quantum cohomology is a growing and rapidly changing field. Many of the writeups have been left in the form of the original talks, which were usually more concerned with giving motivations and a point of view, rather than conveying detailed proofs or attempting to survey the considerably extensive literature on the subject.

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In the academic year 1994/95 I lectured on semigroups in the Scuola Normale Superiore and in the Politecnico di Torino. The purpose of the lectures was to present to an audience of graduate students a self-contained introduction to the theory of strongly continuous semigroups of linear operators acting on a Banach space. The main trust was concentrated on laying down the basic geometrical aspects of the theory as a background for applications to concrete problems in the analysis of differential operators.

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These are the written notes of Fermi's Lectures supported by the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei and given at the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa during March-April 1973. We propose to discuss here certain spectral properties of Schrödinger operators H=-D+V(x) (D the Laplacian and V a potential) which have application to scattering theory. We consider an operator H with potential V of class SR. We show that the positive point spectrum of H is a discrete set in R+. Eigenfunctions which correspond to positive eigenvalues are shown to decay rapidly. This property is shown to hold also for generalized eigenfunctions. We then establish the limiting absorbing principle, which is a basic tool in our study.

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We consider in Rn a differential operator P(D), P a polynomial, with constant coefficients. Let U be an open set in Rn and A(U) be the space of real analytic functions on U. We consider the equation P(D)u=f, for f in A(U) and look for a solution in A(U). Hormander proved a necessary and sufficient condition for the solution to exist in the case U is convex. From this theorem one derives the fact that if a cone W admits a Phragmen-Lindeloff principle then at each of its non-zero real points the real part of W is pure dimensional of dimension n-1. The Phragmen-Lindeloff principle is reduced to the classical one in C. In this paper we consider a general Hilbert complex of differential operators with constant coefficients in Rn and we give, for U convex, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the vanishing of the H1 groups in terms of the generalization of Phragmen-Lindeloff principle.

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In the present thesis we develop new strategies concerning the use of lanthanide cations as spectroscopic probes for the study of molecular structures in solution. A widespread interest for lanthanides is mainly centered in two large fields: organic synthesis and clinical practice. Systems containing lanthanides enjoy a very favorable situation, since these ions feature high coordination numbers, which assure rich binding chemistry, and at the same time they possess the right spectroscopic properties to monitor it. The present thesis develops the potentialities of electronic spectroscopy of lanthanide systems in solution. We point out and overcome the drawbacks which have mainly hampered this kind of study so far, namely: a sensivity problem, an instrumental problem and a calibration problem.

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"Numerik", in zwei Bänden, ist eine Einführung in die Numerische Mathematik anhand von Differenzialgleichungsproblemen. Gegliedert nach elliptischen, parabolischen und hyperbolischen Differenzialgleichungen, erläutert sie zunächst jeweils die Diskretisierung solcher Probleme. Als Diskretisierungstechniken stehen Finite-Elemente-Methoden im Raum und (partitionierte) Runge-Kutta-Methoden in der Zeit im Vordergrund. Die diskretisierten Gleichungen motivieren die Diskussion von Methoden für endlichdimensionale (nicht)lineare Gleichungen, die anschließend als eigenständige Themen behandelt werden. Ein in sich geschlossenes Bild.

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This volume on mechanics of rigid and elastic bodies contains early papers of Bernoulli concerning geometric statics, accompanied by works dealing with the motion of compound pendula and the deformation of beams.

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This book is a comprehensive guide to our current understanding of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), its disease pathogenesis, genetic underpinnings, diagnosis, and management. Since the first edition, many new developments have occurred in the understanding and management of this serious disease, revising our understanding of how it presents, manifests, and reacts to certain treatments. This second edition is fully updated with six new chapters by our team of international, expert authors. New topics include: classification of interstitial lung disease, pulmonary function tests in IPF, biomarkers, clinical phenotypes, mimics, and a discussion of clinical trials. Each chapter additionally includes a brief summary of ongoing research and potential future directions. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Comprehensive Clinical Guide, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for clinicians who desire a deeper understanding of IPF in order to better help their patients.

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This monograph considers several well-known mathematical theorems and asks the question, “Why prove it again?” while examining alternative proofs. It explores the different rationales mathematicians may have for pursuing and presenting new proofs of previously established results, as well as how they judge whether two proofs of a given result are different. While a number of books have examined alternative proofs of individual theorems, this is the first that presents comparative case studies of other methods for a variety of different theorems.The author begins by laying out the criteria for distinguishing among proofs and enumerates reasons why new proofs have, for so long, played a prominent role in mathematical practice. He then outlines various purposes that alternative proofs may serve. Each chapter that follows provides a detailed case study of alternative proofs for particular theorems, including the Pythagorean Theorem, the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, Desargues’ Theorem, the Prime Number Theorem, and the proof of the irreducibility of cyclotomic polynomials.Why Prove It Again? will appeal to a broad range of readers, including historians and philosophers of mathematics, students, and practicing mathematicians. Additionally, teachers will find it to be a useful source of alternative methods of presenting material to their students.

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Michel Desvigne is the most renowned French landscape architect in the world. Based in Paris, he has held guest professorships at such distinguished institutions as the Architectural Association in London and Harvard University. Desvigne’s projects have a strong strategic and conceptual component. Urban infrastructure projects play a major role, and emphasize the urban planning and design expertise evident in his landscape architecture. The book documents ten of Devigne’s major projects from France, the US, Spain and Qatar, in which he is responsible not only for the landscape architecture, but for coordination of the entire project. How can such highly complex projects be realized? What does the intellectual thought process look like? What specific problems arise in their realization?

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Many physical problems that are usually solved by differential equation methods can be solved more effectively by integral equation methods. Such problems abound in applied mathematics, theoretical mechanics, and mathematical physics. This uncorrected soft cover reprint of the second edition places the emphasis on applications and presents a variety of techniques with extensive examples.Originally published in 1971, Linear Integral Equations is ideal as a text for a beginning graduate level course. Its treatment of boundary value problems also makes the book useful to researchers in many applied fields.

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This book introduces several powerful techniques and fundamental ideas involving block matrices of operators, as well as matrices with elements in a C*-algebra.

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This innovative textbook presents material for a course on industrial statistics that incorporates Python as a pedagogical and practical resource.

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