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This is the official report of the United Nations Environment Assembly of the United Nations Environment Programme submitted to the General Assembly on its fourth session in Nairobi (11-15 March 2019).

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Official Records of the Report of the International Law Commission Sixty-seventh session 2 May-10 June and 4 July-12 August 2016

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This is the official report to the General Assembly of the Committee on Contributions on its seventy-ninth session dated 3 to 21 June 2019.

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This is the United Nations definitive report on the state of the world economy, providing global and regional economic outlook for 2022 and 2023. The World Economic Situation and Prospects 2022 will examine the recovery of the global economy from the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to presenting the latest UN growth forecasts, the report will provide a comprehensive assessment of economic developments, risk factors, and policy challenges. This year's thematic chapter will discuss the macroeconomic and distributional consequences of monetary policy, with particular focus on unconventional measures such as quantitative easing (QE)

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This Assessment of Development Results (ADR) in Iraq was conducted by the Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 2013 towards the end of the current UNDP programme cycle of 2011-2014. The ADR assesses the strategic positioning of UNDP support in transition and development.

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This evaluation of UNDP's contribution to disability inclusive development is part of the work programme for the Independent Evaluation Office approved by the Executive Board in 2014/2015 (DP 2014/5). It provides an assessment of UNDP contribution to disability inclusive development during the period 2008-2016, corresponding to the current and past UNDP strategic plans, and to the period within which the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) has been in force.

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The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN) done at Geneva on 26 May 2000 under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine (CCNR) has been in force since February 2008. This version has been prepared on the basis of amendments applicable as from 1 January 2019. The Regulations annexed to the ADN contain provisions concerning dangerous substances and articles, their carriage in packages and in bulk on board inland navigation vessels or tank vessels, as well as provisions concerning the construction and operation of such vessels. They also address requirements and procedures for inspections, the issue of certificates of approval, recognition of classification societies, monitoring, and training and examination of experts. They are harmonized to the greatest possible extent with the dangerous goods agreements for other modes of transport.

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A report that highlights the importance of civic engagement in public governance and, by profiling several case studies, demonstrates how such practices gain the capacity to strengthen governance, make it more transparent and accountable and, most importantly, contribute to developmental outcomes that are more sustainable, equitable and just.

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Sometimes parents struggle with substance abuse problems, which affects their parenting skills. This guide has been complied on the basis of the review of family skills training programmes, a meeting and a literature review and focuses on providing basic information and guidance to those policymakers and programme managers interested in launching a family skills training programme at the universal or selective level. It includes an overview of the importance of family environment, basic principles for launching an effective family skills programme, challenges to implement them as well as ways to improve the recruitment and retention rates of parents.

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The Yearbook of the International Law Commission contains the official records of the Commission and is an indispensable tool for the preservation of the legislative history of the documents emanating from the Commission, as well as for the teaching, study, dissemination and wider appreciation of the efforts undertaken by the Commission in the progressive development of international law and its codification. Volume I reproduces the summary records of the Commission's annual sessions.

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The Yearbook contains the official records of the Commission and is an indispensable tool for the preservation of the legislative history of the documents emanating from the Commission, as well as for the teaching, study, dissemination and wider appreciation of the efforts undertaken by the Commission in the progressive development of international law and its codification. Volume II (Part One) reproduces the edited versions of the official documents considered by the Commission at the respective annual session

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The emergence and diffusion of advanced digital production (ADP) technologies clustered around the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is radically altering the nature of manufacturing production, increasingly blurring the boundaries between physical and digital production systems. The significant requirements of ADP technologies are opening questions on whether industrialization is still a feasible or even a desirable strategy to achieve economic development. This publication contributes to this debate by presenting fresh analytical and empirical evidence on the future of industrialization in the context of a technological paradigm shift. According to the report, it is by engaging with industrialization that countries can build and strengthen the skills and capabilities needed to compete and succeed within the new technological paradigm.

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The Challenge of Slums presents the first global assessment of slums, emphasizing their problems and prospects. Using a newly formulated operational definition of slums, it presents estimates of the number of urban slum dwellers and examines the factors at all level, from local to global, that underlie the formation of slums as well as their social, spatial and economic characteristics and dynamics. It goes on to evaluate the principal policy responses to the slum challenge of the last few decades. From this assessment, the immensity of the challenges that slums pose is clear. Almost 1 billion people live in slums, the majority in the developing world where over 40 per cent of the urban population are slum dwellers. The number is growing and will continue to increase unless there is serious and concerted action by municipal authorities, governments, civil society and the international community. This report points the way forward and identifies the most promising approaches to achieving the United Nations Millennium Declaration targets for improving the lives of slum dwellers by scaling up participatory slum upgrading and poverty reduction programmes. The Global Report on Human Settlements is the most authoritative and up-to-date assessment of conditions and trends in the world's cities. Written in clear language and supported by informative graphics, case studies and extensive statistical data, it will be an essential tool and reference for researchers, academics, planners, public authorities and civil society organizations around the world.

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The Yearbook of the International Law Commission contains the official records of the Commission and is an indispensable tool for the preservation of the legislative history of the documents emanating from the Commission, as well as for the teaching, study, dissemination and wider appreciation of the efforts undertaken by the Commission in the progressive development of international law and its codification. Volume I reproduces the summary records of the Commission's annual sessions.

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The Asia-Pacific region is undergoing profound and rapid population changes. All countries in Asia and the Pacific are in the process of ageing at an unprecedented pace, although the timing and pace of this transition varies across the region. The Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA) is the global guiding document on population ageing, and with its round of third review and appraisal, this publication explores the progress made by countries in implementing MIPAA, addressing the challenges and issues faced by different countries.

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The nascent movement to enact a nuclear ban treaty has reframed the problem of nuclear weapons from defense strategies to the issues of humanitarian and environmental consequences. This volume of Civil Society Engagement in Disarmament Processes presents a case for the nuclear ban treaty as a vital first step in nuclear weapons' ultimate abolition.

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The Model Regulations cover the classification of dangerous goods and their listing, the use, construction, testing and approval of packagings and portable tanks, and the consignment procedures (marking, labelling, placarding and documentation). They aim at ensuring a high level of safety by preventing accidents to persons and property and damage to the environment during transport and, providing at the same time, a uniform regulatory framework which can be applied worldwide for national or international transport by any mode.

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The Manual of Tests and Criteria contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). As a consequence, it supplements also national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS. At its ninth session (7 December 2018), the Committee adopted a set of amendments to the sixth revised edition of the Manual as amended by Amendment 1. This seventh revised edition takes account of these amendments. In addition, noting that the work to facilitate the use of the Manual in the context of the GHS had been completed, the Committee considered that the reference to the “Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods” in the title of the Manual was no longer appropriate, and decided that from now on, the Manual should be entitled “Manual of Tests and Criteria"".

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The Manual of Tests and Criteria contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). As a consequence, it supplements also national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS.At its ninth session (7 December 2018), the Committee adopted a set of amendments to the sixth revised edition of the Manual as amended by Amendment 1. This seventh revised edition takes account of these amendments. In addition, noting that the work to facilitate the use of the Manual in the context of the GHS had been completed, the Committee considered that the reference to the "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" in the title of the Manual was no longer appropriate, and decided that from now on, the Manual should be entitled "Manual of Tests and Criteria".

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Considerable progress in energy efficiency in the building sector is reported in the majority of the UNECE member States, and still reaching the potential often falls short due to flawed policy frameworks, and lack of public awareness on available modern technologies and education on long-term economic and social benefits of energy efficiency improvement. This publication is prepared in response to the outlined challenges and aims to elucidate the status of implementation of energy efficiency standards in buildings and deployment of appropriate technologies, and to identify good policy practices and replicable solutions. It also proposes a set of general recommendations and priority actions arising from the analysis.

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The Guidelines are a practical reference document on approaches to evidence-based policy-making for policy-makers involved in development and implementation of policies on housing and urban development at all levels of governance. The Guidelines can be used at all stages of the policy making – from agenda setting and policy formulation to the implementation/review and evaluation. Application of these Guidelines is an important resource for the analysis of the approaches to review the progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), especially SDG 11

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The Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) conducts country evaluations called "Assessments of Development Results (ADRs)" to capture and demonstrate evaluative evidence of UNDP's contributions to development results at the country level. UNDP has been present in Cameroon since 10 September 1972. Since 2008, UNDP has implemented interventions in two programme cycles, 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. UNDP Cameroon has been selected for an ADR since its country programme will end in 2017. The ADR will be conducted in 2016 to feed into the development of the new country programme.

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The sixth Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6) Regional Assessment for Asia and the Pacific paints a comprehensive picture of the environmental factors contributing to human health and well-being at the regional level. Backed by a large body of recent, credible scientific evidence, regional-wide consultations and a robust intergovernmental process, the assessment demonstrates economic growth and improved access to basic services in the region.

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The sixth Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6) Assessment for the Pan-European Region paints a comprehensive picture of the environmental factors contributing to human health and well-being at the regional level.

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Human Development Indices and Indicators: 2018 Statistical Update is being released to ensure consistency in reporting on key human development indices and statistics. It provides a brief overview of the state of human development - snapshots of current conditions as well as long-term trends in human development indicators. It includes a full statistical annex of human development composite indices and indicators across their various dimensions. This update includes the 2017 values and ranking for the HDI and other composite indices as well as current statistics in key areas of human development for use by policymakers, researchers and others in their analytical, planning and policy work. In addition to the standard HDR tables, statistical dashboards are included to draw attention to the relationship between human well-being and five topics: quality of human development, life-course gender gaps, women's empowerment, environmental sustainability and socioeconomic sustainability. Accompanying the statistical annex is an overview of trends in human development, highlighting the considerable progress, but also the persistent deprivations and disparities

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This text provides a comprehensive and authoritative review and analysis of environmental conditions worldwide. The successor to GEO-2000 (1999) and complementary to it, GEO-3 describes policies and achievements in all areas of environmental concern since 1972. It analyses the drivers of environmental change and uses modelling techniques to project the impacts of different policies between 2002 and 2032. It is a crucial assessment for the Earth Summit in Johannesburg in September 2002 and for environmental policy and research worldwide.;It is clearly organized in accessible, non-technical language and supported by colour graphics and quick highlights. With full bibliography and index it should be useful for researchers, teachers, students and policy-makers in environmental science and policy, geography, politics and international affairs.

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The purpose of this guidance manual is to show how the value of ecosystem services can be estimated and incorporated into decision making. Specifically, it is designed to help a broad audience of conservation managers, government officials, private sector managers, NGOs, and statisticians to understand the available information on the values of ecosystem services and how this information can be transferred to inform the decisions that they make. It explains why you would undertake a study, who should be involved, how to implement the study and how to use the results. The development of this guidance manual was funded by the United Nations Environment Programme.

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The Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) conducts country evaluations called "Independent Country Programme Evaluations (ICPEs)", formerly known as Assessment of Development Results, to capture and demonstrate evaluative evidence of UNDP's contributions to development results at the country level, as well as the effectiveness of UNDP's strategy in facilitating and leveraging national effort for achieving development results. This is the second ICPE for Bhutan conducted in 2017, towards the end of the current UNDP programme cycle of 2014-2018. The first ICPE for Bhutan was conducted in 2007, before the new programme cycle of 2008-2014. The current evaluation results are expected to feed into the development of the new country programme.

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The Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) conducts country evaluations called "Independent Country Programme Evaluations (ICPEs)" to capture and demonstrate evaluative evidence of UNDP's contributions to development results at the country level, as well as the effectiveness of UNDP's strategy in facilitating and leveraging national effort for achieving development results. The ICPE for Namibia was conducted in 2017 as the UNDP Namibia country programme ends in 2018. Results are expected to feed into the development of the new country programme.

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The 2018 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons (Booklet 1) provides a comprehensive analysis of the crime of trafficking in persons and how countries are responding to it. On the basis of the mandate from the 2010 Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons, UNODC is collecting data on patterns and flows of trafficking in persons at the national, regional and international levels, and using this data to produce the biennial Global Report. The Trafficking in Persons in the Context of Armed Conflict (Booklet 2) provides an extensive desk review of available literature, court cases from the international criminal courts and tribunals and expert interviews with United Nations peacekeeping personnel. The result is an overview of trafficking in persons and its direct and indirect links to armed conflict.

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The World Investment Report 2023 provides the latest trends and prospects for foreign direct investment. It documents a challenging year for cross-border investment flows, looking at greenfield investment in industry, project finance in infrastructure, and international production activities of the largest multinationals. Dedicated sections provide data on international investment in the SDGs and in sustainable energy. The Report further reviews recent policy developments, including trends in national investment policy measures and international investment agreements. It presents an overview of investment policy measures aimed at supporting the energy transition. The Report also documents sustainability trends in global capital markets, including sustainability-linked financial products, sustainable stock exchanges, institutional investor commitments and financial regulations - all with a special focus on the mobilization of funds for the energy transition. Finally, the theme chapter of the Report discusses ways and means to increase international private sector investment - in particular foreign direct investment and international project finance - in the energy sector in developing countries, taking into account both the energy transition imperative and SDG7 on affordable and reliable access to energy for all

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LDCs have so far been spared by the worst effects of the health emergency, yet the fallout from COVID-19 has taken its toll on their economies, threatening to roll back progress towards sustainable development, worsening entrenched inequalities, and possibly leading to long-term damage. The ongoing crisis has brought back to the fore the pivotal role of productive capacities for resilience to shocks, as well as for a sustainable and inclusive recovery and sustainable development. The broadening and full utilization of LDC productive capacities remains central to upgrade LDC economic structure, bridge their development gaps vis-á-vis other countries (not only developed but also developing countries) and avert further divergence. Only a handful of LDCs displayed a sustained progress in recent years, thanks to their successfully spurring productive capacities acquisition and shift significant resources towards higher-productivity activities. The majority of LDCs, by contrast, have either advanced at an increasingly sluggish pace, or even fell behind. In the LDCs, the uptake of advanced technologies is still incipient and hindered by a range of factors, from longstanding infrastructural gaps, to skill shortages and political considerations. Bold concerted policies to strengthen LDC productive capacities are as imperative as ever and they should constitute a key pillar of any sustainable recovery and development strategy. Beyond countercyclical policies to cushion the impact of the crisis, this calls for: (i) an investment push to redress long-standing infrastructural gaps and support broader employment creation; (ii) forward-looking science technology and innovation policy frameworks to upgrade the skill basis in line with market needs; (iii) brave industrial and sectoral policies to promote domestic value addition and deepen productive linkages. The international community should play its part, assisting LDC efforts with adequate financial resources, suitable policy space and more effective international support measures, notably in the area of technology transfer

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Hunger and Markets is the third volume of the UN World Food Programme's World Hunger Series - created to help promote a better understanding of the choices confronting leaders as they work to fight hunger. It appears at a crucial time, with food prices at high levels, a severe global financial crisis and vulnerable households around the world endangering their future health, education and productivity by reducing both the quality and the quantity of their food intake. Hunger and Markets explores the complex and multifaceted interactions between the availability of and access to food and the operations of markets. The structure and dynamics of food markets and the threats and opportunities markets generate are crucial for the access to food for billions of people. Markets are also critical in averting or mitigating food shortages and hunger by adjusting to shocks, reducing vulnerability and coping with crises. Whether markets help or harm the hungry poor is a function of markets' institutions, infrastructure and policies. This volume analyzes the workings of markets in order to identify the sources of market failures in addressing hunger and malnutrition, and to highlight the ways in which they can be improved. The report sets out the ways in which programme design and policy formulation can build on the strengths of markets to prevent possible negative effects, and will be essential reading for all those involved in the fight against world hunger. Published with World Food Programme

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This is the official report submitted annually to the General Assembly by the Conference on Disarmament on its 2020 session.

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This report, planned to be released annually, is about working through the real-life choices and practical constraints that make it difficult to address hunger effectively. It is aimed at policy makers in developing and developed countries, and attempts to fill an important gap in existing reports on hunger. While other reports monitor trends towards international goals or serve primarily as advocacy tools, the World Hunger Series (WHS) focuses on practical strategies to achieve an end to hunger. It examines themes related to three types of risks—social and health; markets and trade; and political and environmental—that perpetuate hunger and stymie development. Each report in the new series will present state-of-the-art thinking on that year's theme, combined with an analysis of the practical challenges to implementing solutions. Based on this context, the reports will identify realistic steps to address hunger. This edition of the report examines the relationship between hunger and learning. It takes a long-term perspective: what happens at one stage of life affects later stages, and what happens in one generation affects the next. The Series has four parts. Part one, the Global Hunger Situation, surveys the current state of hunger in the world. Part two, Hunger and Learning, explores the two-way relationship between hunger and learning through the life cycle. Part three is an Agenda for Action, identifying concrete interventions to promote hunger reduction and learning. Finally, part four, a Resource Compendium, contains technical annexes and supporting data.

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The Yearbook contains the official records of the Commission and is an indispensable tool for the preservation of the legislative history of the documents emanating from the Commission, as well as for the teaching, study, dissemination and wider appreciation of the efforts undertaken by the Commission in the progressive development of international law and its codification. Volume II (Part One) reproduces the edited versions of the official documents considered by the Commission at the respective annual session

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The Report examines the education impact of migration and displacement across all population movements: within and across borders, voluntary and forced, for employment and education. It also reviews progress on education in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In view of increasing diversity, the report analyses how education can build inclusive societies and help people move beyond tolerance and learn to live together.

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The MDG Gap Task Force Report systematically tracks existing international commitments and their fulfilment at the international level in the areas of official development assistance, trade, debt relief, and access to essential medicines and technology as defined by the targets and indicators of MDG 8. The MDG Gap Task Force Report 2014 will build on the 2013 Report, by drawing lessons learned from monitoring MDG 8 and analysing conceptual gaps created by how MDG was originally defined. This should provide insight to discussions on the post-2015 agenda. The Task Force consists of more than 30 UN entities, including participation from the World Bank and the IMF, as well as the OECD and WTO. The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat and UNDP and are the lead agencies in coordinating the work of the Task Force.

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This report provides an overview of the estimated and projected trends in mortality at the world level, for development groups and major areas; the analysis also focuses on country and regional data for selected mortality indicators. In addition to examining the summary indicator of life expectancy at birth, the report analyzes levels and trends in mortality for key age groups in childhood and provides a snapshot of adult and “old age” mortality levels. It examines the socio-economic determinants of child hood mortality at the aggregate level across countries, and on disparities within countries in 50 low-and middle-income countries based on Demographic and Health Surveys data

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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is the first international agreement setting out freedoms, rights and entitlements for all humanity to claim. It emphasises the inextricable relationship between fundamental freedoms and social justice, and their connection with peace and security. The General Assembly of the United Nations proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping the UDHR constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.

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