Description
Book SynopsisThis book introduces recent advances in understanding the crystal structure of carbonate hydroxylapatite (also known as bone mineral), which forms the hard tissue of bones and teeth. Bone mineral is the reservoir for carbon dioxide in the body and maintains the concentration of mineral ions in body fluids at homeostasis. The detailed structure of bone mineral has remained obscure more than 80 years after publication of the basic apatite structure, because of the nanoscale size and poor quality of bone mineral crystals. An entirely new approach to the determination of carbonate apatite structures has resulted in a greatly expanded role for the c-axis channel of bone mineral crystals in the control of metabolic acidosis and blood pH.
The book includes chapters on apatite mineralogy and geochemistry, synthesis methods, x-ray structure, infrared spectroscopy, crystal chemistry of carbonate hydroxylapatite, and biological apatites. There are 74 illustrations, 25 tables of data, and 3 appendixes. Discussion of the new research is supported by an outline of the theory behind the methods of investigation and reviews of previous research on hydroxylapatite materials, for the benefit of non-specialist students and researchers.
Trade Review"As interest in apatite continues to rise, this timely book is an absolute must-read for all apatite researchers, regardless of discipline. Professor Fleet collects a large body of research on carbonated apatite, from many disparate disciplines, and synthesizes it exceptionally well. This book now becomes the authoritative reference on carbonated apatite."
—Prof. John M. Hughes, University of Vermont, USA
"This is an authoritative and comprehensive review of our current knowledge about carbonate-bearing hydroxylapatite, the main mineral constituent of bones and teeth in vertebrates. Much has been learned in recent years about the detailed structure and chemistry of this mineral and methods for use in biomaterials. The author is one of the world’s leading researchers on the structure and chemistry of apatite group minerals."
—Prof. John Rakovan, Miami University, USA
"This book, written by the world’s foremost expert on carbonated hydroxylapatite, provides comprehensive accounts of the state-of-the-art knowledge, the latest approaches, and new research directions about this bone mineral. The book will be of particular interest to all researchers and graduate students of biomaterials."
—Prof. Yuanming Pan, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Table of ContentsIntroduction. Apatite-type Structure. Crystal Chemistry and Geochemistry. Synthesis of Carbonate Apatites. X-ray Structures. Chemical Spectroscopy. Carbonate Apatite Crystal Chemistry. Biological Apatites. Appendix I: Minerals within the Apatite Supergroup. Appendix II: Compositions of Some Apatites. Appendix III: Crystal Structure Data for Synthetic Carbonate Apatites (CHAP, CFAP). References Cited. Index.
