Description
Book SynopsisThe Global Automotive Industry provides a comprehensive overview of the automotive sector, covering the current shape and structure of the industry, how this structure came about and how and where it is under threat.
Table of ContentsNotes on Contributors xi
Series Preface xvii
Foreword xix
1 Introduction and Overview 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Continuity and Change 3
1.3 Overview 4
References 6
2 Understanding Change and Difference in the Global Automotive Industry 7
2.1 Introduction 7
2.2 Socio]Technical Transitions 9
2.3 Varieties of Capitalism 12
2.4 Global Value Chains 14
2.5 Change in the Automotive Industry: A Synthesis 15
2.6 Conclusions 16
References 17
3 The Market for New Cars 19
3.1 Introduction 19
3.2 Market Fragmentation and Lack of Industry Consolidation 20
3.3 Geography of Markets 22
3.4 Mobility Services and the Emergent Automotive Ecosystem 26
3.5 Conclusions 27
References 27
4 Understanding People and Cars 29
4.1 Influences on Travel Choices 29
4.2 Influences on Vehicle Choice 33
4.3 Acceptability of Transport Policies and New Technologies 34
4.4 Conclusions 36
References 37
5 Car Manufacturing 41
5.1 Background and Prehistory 41
5.2 Ford, Budd and Sloan: The History of Mass Car Production 42
5.3 Monocoque Construction: Budd’s Impact on Car Design 44
5.4 Toyotism 45
5.5 Buddism in Crisis? 46
5.6 Lean v Agile 47
5.7 Conclusions 49
References 50
6 Recent Trends in Manufacturing Innovation Policy for the Automotive Sector: A Survey of the United States, Mexico, European Union, Germany and Spain 53
6.1 Introduction 53
6.2 A Changing Manufacturing Landscape 55
6.3 Restructuring in the Automotive Industry 56
6.4 Automotive Policies in the United States, Mexico, EU, Germany and Spain 57
6.4.1 United States 57
6.4.2 Mexico 59
6.4.3 European Union 60
6.4.4 Germany 61
6.4.5 Spain 62
6.5 Conclusion 63
References 64
7 Labour Relations and Human Resource Management in the Automotive Industry: North American Perspectives 67
7.1 Introduction 67
7.2 From Fordist Production to Lean Production: The Evolution of Labour Relations/Human Resource Management Systems in the North American Auto Industry Prior to 2000 70
7.2.1 The Classic Fordist Industrial Relations System in the US and Canadian Automotive Industries 70
7.2.2 The Impact of Japanese Transplants and Lean Production Methods on the North American Automotive Labour Relations System 72
7.3 Developments in North American Auto Labour Relations Since 2000 74
7.3.1 Concession Bargaining 2003–2008 74
7.3.2 The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis 76
7.3.3 Post]Crisis Developments 78
7.4 Conclusion 78
References 80
8 Labour Relations and HRM in the Automotive Industry: Japanese Impacts 83
8.1 Introduction: The Japanese Car Industry and Toyota Production System 83
8.2 TPS and Japanese HRM 85
8.3 ‘Japanization’ of the Global Automotive Industry 88
8.4 Changes in Japanese Labour Relations and HRM 90
8.5 Concluding Remarks 92
References 93
9 The Rise of South Korean (or Korean) Automobile Industry 95
9.1 Introduction 95
9.2 A Brief History of South Korean Automobile Industry and the Performance of HMC 96
9.2.1 Brief History of South Korean Automobile Industry 96
9.2.2 The Change in Performance of HMG 100
9.3 Considering Five Success Factors of HMC 102
9.3.1 Vertical Integration 102
9.3.2 Modularization of Production and Standardization 102
9.3.3 Expansion of Overseas Production Capabilities in Emerging Markets 104
9.3.4 Product Strategy 104
9.3.5 Quality Focused and Design Focused Management 105
9.4 Characteristics of HRM in HMC and Effects on the Management System 106
9.4.1 Militant Trade Union Movement and Confrontational Labour]Management Relations 106
9.4.2 Fragmentation and Automation of Work 106
9.4.3 Internal Competition Systems 107
9.5 Conclusion: New Challenges for the Korean Auto Makers as Multinational Enterprises 107
References 108
10 China’s Car Industry 109
10.1 Background 109
10.2 Pre]History 110
10.3 China’s Car Industry 111
10.4 The Role of Government 114
10.4.1 Traditional Automobile Industries 114
10.5 New Energy Vehicles 118
10.5.1 R&D Support 118
10.5.2 Industrialization 119
10.6 Bringing NEVs to Market 121
10.6.1 Demonstration and Pilot Projects: Strategic Niche Management 121
10.6.2 Financial Incentives 122
10.7 Conclusions 124
References 124
11 Forging Ahead or Stagnating?: An Analysis of Indian Automotive Industry 127
11.1 Introduction 127
11.2 History of the Indian Automotive Industry 128
11.3 Statistics on Automobile Industry Performance 132
11.4 Stagnation of Industry in 2013–2014 133
11.5 Factors Critical to the Growth of the Indian Automotive Industry 133
11.6 Challenges and Future of Indian Automotive Industry 134
References 136
12 From Factory to End]User: An Overview of Automotive Distribution and the Challenges of Disruptive Change 139
12.1 Shipping and Stocking Cars 140
12.2 Retail and Distribution 143
12.3 Changes to the Dealer Model 146
12.4 The Changing Role of Fleets 148
12.5 Delivering Integrated Services Means Rethinking Skills 150
References 150
13 Impacts of Automobility 153
13.1 Introduction 153
13.2 Externalities and Automobility: A Broad Perspective 153
13.3 Death and Injuries from Road Traffic 154
13.4 Environmental Impacts 156
13.5 Toxic Emissions 157
13.6 Current Concerns 159
13.7 Role of the Consumer 160
13.8 Conclusions 161
References 161
14 Regulating the Car 163
14.1 Regulating for Safety 163
14.1.1 Development of Vehicle Standards 164
14.1.2 European Directives 164
14.1.3 US Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 166
14.2 New Car Assessment Programmes 167
14.3 Future Developments 168
14.3.1 Impact of New Vehicle Technologies 169
14.4 Legislating for a Cleaner Environment 170
14.4.1 Fuel Economy: Incentives and Disincentives 171
14.5 Climate Change 172
14.6 Future Developments 173
References 174
15 Global versus Local: Regionalism in a Global Industry 177
15.1 The Old World 177
15.2 Asia 179
15.2.1 The Creation of Two Motoring Cultures: India v China 179
15.3 Latin America 180
15.4 Case Study: On the Margins of Mass Production: Australia 181
References 184
16 The Impact of Electric Automobility 185
16.1 Electric Vehicle Design 185
16.1.1 Battery Electric Vehicles 186
16.1.2 Hybrid Electric Vehicles 186
16.2 Charging Infrastructure – UK Case Study 187
16.3 Electric Vehicles in Europe 191
16.3.1 Urban Electric Vehicles 193
16.3.2 Rural Electric Vehicles – The Welsh Case 193
16.4 Conclusions 197
References 197
17 Alternatives to the Car 199
17.1 Introduction 199
17.2 Defining the Car: Legislative and Market Boundaries 200
17.3 The Hidden World of Non]Car Automobility 202
17.4 Transition by Stealth: The 2W]BEV 203
17.4.1 3W]BEVs 205
17.5 Conclusions 206
References 206
18 New Business Models and the Automotive Industry 209
18.1 Introduction 209
18.2 Fundamentals of the Existing Automotive Industry Business Model 210
18.3 Pressures for Change on the Existing Business Model 212
18.4 Incremental Business Model Evolution in the Automotive Industry 213
18.5 Radical Business Model Innovation in the Automotive Industry 214
18.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects for Business Model Innovation 216
References 216
19 Future Challenges for Product and Industry 219
19.1 Introduction 219
19.2 New Engine Technologies 220
19.3 Owning or Sharing? 223
19.4 The Future Car 223
19.5 The Future Industry 224
References 226
Index 229
