Description
Book SynopsisI. Conceptualization of Schizophrenia.- 1.Schizophrenia: Historical Perspectives.- 2.On the Concept of Schizophrenia.- 3.Modular Disjunction in Schizophrenia: A Framework for a Pathological Psychophysiology.- 4.Meaning of Structural Changes in the Brain in Schizophrenia.- 5.Conceptual Approaches to the Study of Schizophrenia.- II. Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Schizophrenia.- 6.Risk Factors in Schizophrenia: Interaction Between Genetic Liability and Environmental Factors.- 7.The Role of Molecular Genetics in Psychiatry: Unraveling the Etiology for Schizophrenia.- 8.Diagnostic Advances in Anatomical and Functional Brain Imaging in Schizophrenia.- 9.Risk Factors and Prevention in Schizophrenia.- 10.Psychosocial Interventions in Schizophrenia.- 11.Clozapine: Mechanism of Action in Relation to its Clinical Advantages.- 12.Psychopharmacologic Treatment of Schizophrenia.- III. Delivery Systems for Managing Schizophrenic Patients.- 13.Current Perspectives in the United States on the Chronically Mentally III.- 14.Policy on Chronic Mental Illness in Canada: Current Status and Future Directions.- 15.Psychiatric Reform in Italy: Implications for the Treatment of Long-Term Schizophrenic Patients.- 16.Mental Health Services and New Research in England: Implications for the Community Management of Schizophrenia.- 17.Delivery Systems for the Care of Schizophrenic Patients in AfricaSub-Sahara.- 18. Delivery Systems and Research for Schizophrenia in China.- Author Index.
Table of ContentsI. Conceptualization of Schizophrenia.- 1.Schizophrenia: Historical Perspectives.- Prehistoric times.- Dawn of civilization.- Ancient times.- Medieval times.- Renaissance.- Era of enlightenment.- The beginning of the concept of schizophrenia.- 2.On the Concept of Schizophrenia.- The concept over the ages.- Current developments in classification.- Universality of the concept.- Other issues related to the concept.- 3.Modular Disjunction in Schizophrenia: A Framework for a Pathological Psychophysiology.- Cognitive modules.- Psychotic symptoms and modular disjunction.- Information processing, perseveration, and modularity.- Neurophysiology of program selection and activation and brain imaging.- Neuropharmacology of tuning and switching.- Localized and distributed neuroanatomical systems.- 4.Meaning of Structural Changes in the Brain in Schizophrenia.- Age disorientation.- Structural brain changes.- Clinical correlates of structural change: The two syndrome concept.- Age of onset as a predictor.- Postmortem brain studies.- The genetics of laterality and psychosis.- 5.Conceptual Approaches to the Study of Schizophrenia.- The medical model.- The syndromal status of schizophrenia.- Domains of psychopathology.- Course of illness.- Prevention of relapse.- II. Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Schizophrenia.- 6.Risk Factors in Schizophrenia: Interaction Between Genetic Liability and Environmental Factors.- Historical perspectives of genetic studies.- Longitudinal prospective research: The Copenhagen high risk study.- Interaction between high risk and stress: Prospective study design.- High risk research and development of classical schizophrenia concept.- 7.The Role of Molecular Genetics in Psychiatry: Unraveling the Etiology for Schizophrenia.- Evidence for a genetic cause for psychosis.- Biological marker and heritability studies.- Genetic marker studies.- Cytogenetic abnormalities as genetic markers.- DNA polymorphisms as genetic markers.- The “candidate gene” approach.- Statistical analyses of genetic data.- 8.Diagnostic Advances in Anatomical and Functional Brain Imaging in Schizophrenia.- Structural brain imaging.- X-ray computed tomography.- Magnetic resonance imaging.- Functional brain imaging.- Cortical probe blood flow measurement.- Single photon emission computed tomography.- Positron emission tomography.- 9.Risk Factors and Prevention in Schizophrenia.- Vulnerability stress model.- Childhood and adolescent markers of vulnerability high-risk studies.- Family environmental stressors.- Stress factors and the course of schizophrenia.- Research on expressed emotion.- Family intervention studies.- 10.Psychosocial Interventions in Schizophrenia.- Stress vulnerability coping model.- Traditional psychosocial therapies.- Psychosocial outreach programs.- Behavioral therapies.- Bridging the gap from innovation to practice.- 11.Clozapine: Mechanism of Action in Relation to its Clinical Advantages.- Selective effects on mesolimbic vs. mesostriatal dopamine neurons.- Effect of chronic administration on dopamine receptors.- Neuroendocrine effects of clozapine on tuberoinfundibular dopamine neurons.- Effects on D-l mechanisms.- Clozapine and serotonin.- Dopaminergic-serotonergic interaction.- 12.Psychopharmacologic Treatment of Schizophrenia.- General principles of pharmacotherapy.- Predictors of response and role of alternative treatments.- Strategies for managing antipsychotic drug nonresponders.- Clozapine for the treatment-refractory patient.- Pharmacologic treatment of negative symptoms.- Maintenance treatment.- III. Delivery Systems for Managing Schizophrenic Patients.- 13.Current Perspectives in the United States on the Chronically Mentally III.- Historical background.- Problems of deinstitutionalization.- Attempted and proposed solutions.- The future.- 14.Policy on Chronic Mental Illness in Canada: Current Status and Future Directions.- General background on health care in Canada.- The care of schizophrenic patients in Canada.- Follow-up study of schizophrenic patients.- The mental health policy of Quebec.- 15.Psychiatric Reform in Italy: Implications for the Treatment of Long-Term Schizophrenic Patients.- Models of community psychiatry: Complementary or alternative community services.- Implementation of the Italian reform: Some quantitative evidence.- Treating patients with schizophrenic psychosis in an area with a community-based system of care.- Is the community-based system more suitable than the hospital-based system of care?.- 16.Mental Health Services and New Research in England: Implications for the Community Management of Schizophrenia.- Mental health services in Great Britain.- Environmental stress and its effects on the course of schizophrenia.- Psychosocial family intervention studies.- Implications for service provision.- 17.Delivery Systems for the Care of Schizophrenic Patients in Africa—Sub-Sahara.- General background.- Personnel.- Psychiatric services.- Community-based psychiatric services.- Traditional healers.- Forensic issues and facilities for the criminal schizophrenics.- 18. Delivery Systems and Research for Schizophrenia in China.- Epidemiology.- Diagnostic criteria and treatment.- Sociocultural aspects of developing mental health delivery systems.- Different schemes of the mental health care system.- General conduct of clinical and laboratory research.- Author Index.
