Description
Book SynopsisParadigms Lost challenges key paradigms currently held about the prevention or reduction of stigma attached to mental illness using evidence and the experience the authors gathered during the many years of their work in this field. Each chapter examines one currently held paradigm and presents reasons why it should be replaced with a new perspective. The book argues for enlightened opportunism (using every opportunity to fight stigma), rather than more time consuming planning, and emphasizes that the best way to approach anti-stigma work is to select targets jointly with those who are most concerned. The most radical change of paradigms concerns the evaluation of outcome for anti-stigma activities. Previously, changes in stigmatizing attitudes were used as the best indicator of success. Paradigms Lost and its authors argue that it is now necessary to measure changes in behaviors (both from the perspective of those stigmatized and those who stigmatize) to obtain a more valid measure of
Trade Review' Paradigms Lost is simply excellent. The chapters are clearly written and well organized and the material is relevant to the aim of the book, i.e., to inform those wishing to undertake anti-stigma programmes. I am sure that it will be a vitally important contribution to the field.' * Professor Graham Thornicroft, King's College London, UK *
'Paradigms Lost: Fighting Stigma and the Lessons Learned illustrates the long standing stigma attached to mental illness and its continued prominence today. Although the problem of stigma appears daunting, the authors offer an innovative approach to help combat social exclusion. Their proposed new paradigm constructs an optimistic and practical way to break down the social barriers to recovery' * Rebecca G. Palpant, The Carter Mental Health Programme, Atlanta, Georgia, USA *
'Stuart, Arboleda-Florez, and Sartorius provide a masterful tour-de-force of the scholarly literature to carefully unpack what we know about stigma so we can move ahead to eliminate its egregious impact. But their book does not end with a review of the science. They then provide a practical, hands-on guide to setting up anti-stigma programs meant to reflect the wisdom of their reviewed paradigms.' * Patrick W. Corrigan, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA *
'This extraordinary book by international experts stands on its head the accepted wisdom about fighting the stigma of mental illness. This is the most important book yet published on what we must do to reduce the insidious and powerful force that can paralyze attempts to improve recovery from psychiatric disorder' * Professor Richard Warner, University of Colorado, Denver, USA *
With a unique 2 part format that addresses stigma but also personal clinical and field experiences, this book is a historical compendium with a passionate call to action. To help readers move ahead quickly, tip sheets and assessments are included. The boldness of the statements in this book are refreshing and should help fight stigma around the world to improve the lives of people living with mental illness. Hats off to the publishers for recognizing the importance of this work. * Linda B. Cottler, University of Florida, USA *
We are all opposed to the stigma of mental illness, but that is not enough. We needed this book to remind us of what we previously misunderstood, and to reinforce what we now know. As Kuhn said, looking at a contour map, the student sees lines on paper, the cartographer a picture of a terrain. We may be redrawing our old map, but we have not as yet found a new one. * The British Journal of Psychiatry, Feb 2013 *
Table of ContentsPreface ; -Part I Eroding Paradigms ; Chapter 1 ; Introduction - The nature and nurture of stigma ; The origins and meaning of stigma ; Consequences of stigma for people with a mental illness ; Consequences for family members ; Consequences of stigma for mental health systems and societies ; Anti-stigma initiatives are growing ; Chapter 2 ; Paradigm 1: Developed countries have eradicated systemic discrimination on the grounds of mental illness ; Mental health development ; Employment inequity ; NIMBYISM, homelessness, and the inverse care law ; Media depictions and public tolerance ; Chapter 3 ; Paradigm 2: In developing countries, people with mental illnesses are not stigmatized ; Exploding the myth ; Stigma in other cultures ; Islamic cultures ; Chinese culture ; Indian culture ; Chapter 4 ; Paradigm 3: The fight against stigma must be based on well-developed long term specific and comprehensive plans ; A case for enlightened opportunism ; Networks of practice ; Network governance and leadership ; General principles, rather than specific plans guide anti-stigma activities ; Chapter 5 ; Paradigm 4: Scientific evidence will best define the targets of anti-stigma work ; Evidence-based advocacy ; Evidence is in the eye of the beholder ; To be successful, programs must target local needs ; To be successful programs must build better practices ; Chapter 6 ; Paradigm 5: Mental health professionals should lead anti-stigma programs ; Mental health professionals are worthy targets of anti-stigma programs ; Stigma in general health care settings ; Mental health systems as agents of social control ; What can mental health professionals do differently? ; Chapter 7 ; Paradigm 6: Improving knowledge about mental illnesses will reduce stigma and discrimination ; The nature of prejudice ; Can prejudice respond to nuggets of knowledge? ; What about mental health literacy? ; Anti-stigma programs as purveyors of medical knowledge ; Chapter 8 ; Paradigm 7: An anti-stigma program is successful if it changes attitudes ; The knowledge-attitude-behaviour continuum ; 'What we dont know about prejudice reduction ; How much change is change? ; When are anti-stigma programs successful? ; Environments are not just containers ; Chapter 9 ; Paradigm 8: Community care for the mentally ill will destigmatize mental illness and psychiatry ; Stigma as a consequence of institutionalization ; Stigma as a consequence of community care ; Stigma as a social barrier to recovery ; Chapter 10 ; Paradigm 9: Campaigns are an excellent way of reducing stigma ; The cause de jour ; Can social inclusion be sold like soap? ; Chapter 11 ; Paradigm 10: Anti-stigma programs should be built on the premise that mental illness is like any other illness ; Forced confinement and treatment ; Anti-psychiatry sentiments ; Violence and unpredictability ; An illness like any other? ; Chapter 12 ; Paradigm 11: The stigma of mental illness is too deeply ingrained to prevent or reduce it ; The importance of fighting back ; -Overcoming NIMBYISMthe Not in My Backyard Syndrome ; Changing the way emergency departments do business ; Connecting with teachers and students ; Engaging the police ; Engaging the media ; Can community projects make a population difference? ; -Chapter 13 Summary of Part 1 ; -Implications for anti-stigma programming paradigms lost ; -Part II Building Programs Against Stigma and its Consequences ; Chapter 14 - Getting going ; Introduction ; Developing a program committee ; Creating an advisory committee ; Setting clear goals ; Creating interes ; Acquiring and monitoring resources ; Writing a successful funding application ; Chapter summary and chapter checklist ; Chapter 15 - Identifying program priorities ; Identifying program priorities through qualitative investigation ; Focus groups ; Steps in conducting a focus group ; Troubleshooting in focus groups ; Analysis of focus group data ; Identifying program priorities using semi-structured interviews ; Identifying program priorities using surveys ; Chapter summary and chapter checklist ; Chapter 16 - Program development ; Picking target groups ; Journalists ; Youth ; Health professionals ; Members of community neighbourhoods ; Police ; Policy makers and legislators ; Choosing a program approach ; Creating a program logic model ; Including people who have experienced a mental illness in program delivery ; Families ; Using media wisely ; Working with external media experts ; Working with television ; Working with radio ; Working with the arts ; Pilot testing ; Chapter summary and chapter checklist ; Chapter 17 - Program monitoring and evaluation ; Using qualitative data to monitor program implementation ; Assessing change ; Specification of program outcomes ; Setting performance targets ; Devising and implementing a data collection plan ; Data management and analysis ; Identifying lessons learned ; Ethical issues in evaluation ; Communicating results ; Chapter summary and chapter checklist ; Bibliography and Suggested Readings ; The Nature of Stigma ; Evaluation Methods ; Works Cited ; Appendix: Inventories of Stigma Experiences ; Personal Experiences with the Stigma of Mental Illness ; Family Experiences with the Stigma of Mental Illness ; Appendix ; Index
