Written by M. Scott Ball, a Duany Plater-Zyberk architect with extensive expertise in designing for an aging society, this important work explores the full range of factors involved in designing for an aging population?from social, economic, and public health policies to land use, business models, and built form. Ball examines in detail a number of case studies of communities that have implemented lifelong solutions, discussing how to apply these best practices to communities large and small, new and existing, urban and rural. Other topics include:
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Table of Contents
Foreword xi
Andrés Duany
Introduction xiii
Robert Jenkens
Preface xiv
Acknowledgments xviii
Part I Challenges and Opportunities 1
1 The Longevity Challenge to Urbanism 3
The Challenge 3
The Scale of Response: Pedestrian Sheds and Neighborhoods 7
Seniors Housing Communities as Change Agents 11
Toward the Development of Lifelong Neighborhoods 14
Conclusions 18
2 Access and Urbanism 21
Introduction 21
Go Forth Boldly 22
On Whose Behalf We Regulate 24
Advancing Accessibility Aspirations Beyond Minimum Standards 31
Stewardship 38
3 Health, Healthcare, and Urbanism 45
Environmental Health, Safety, and Welfare 45
Reestablishing a Healthy Land-Use Paradigm 48
Knowledge and Action: Finding an Institutional Basis for Public Health and Land-Use Planning Integration 50
Beyond Intent and Toxicity: Establishing Frameworks for Planning Action 54
Beyond Planning: Healthy Environment Implementation Frameworks 64
4 Neighborhood Wellness and Recreation 71
Urban Design and Wellness Industry Market Research 71
Aging and Wellness 73
Redefining the Lifelong Environment: Wellness in Community 77
Conclusion 86
Part II Networks and Diversity 87
5 Connections 89
Connectivity 91
Pedestrian Access and Transit 103
6 Diversity 109
Planning for Diversity 109
Zoning for Diversity 111
Building Codes and Housing Diversity 121
Part III Seniors Housing 125
7 Evolution of Senior Development Types 129
Early Senior Care Models 129
Institutional Neglect 133
Diversification of the Senior Housing Type 134
8 The Lifelong Neighborhood Market 149
Market Study Elements of Critical Importance to Lifelong Neighborhoods 149
Factors That Contribute to Residency in Age-Restricted Communities 156
Factors That Deter Older Adults from Moving to Age-Restricted Communities 164
Lifelong Neighborhoods and Influencing Factors 167
9 Seniors Housing Components 171
Initiating Lifelong Neighborhood Design with a Market Study 172
Seniors Housing Components 174
Service Policy Components 198
Built-Environment Policy Components 199
Part IV Urban to Rural Case Studies 207
10 Penn South NORC Case Study of Aging a Dense Urban Core 209
Lifelong Summary 209
Context 210
Innovations in Health and Wellness Programming: Penn South Discovers the NORC Concept 212
Connectivity and Access 214
Dwellings and Retail 216
Health and Wellness 218
Community Building Spaces 219
Jeff Dullea Intergenerational Garden 220
11 Beacon Hill Case Study of Aging and Town Centers 223
Lifelong Summary 223
Context 224
Innovations in Health and Wellness Programming 225
Connectivity and Access 226
Dwellings and Retail 227
Health and Wellness 230
Community Building Spaces 232
12 Mableton Case Study of Aging and Neighborhood Center 235
Lifelong Summary 235
Overview 237
Context 238
Redeveloping as a Lifelong Community 239
Mableton Elementary School Redeveloped as a Civic Center 253
13 Elder-Centric Villages: Exploring How Senior Housing Can Incentivize Urban Renewal in Rural America 257
Lifelong Summary 257
Evaluating Small-Town Living and Walkability 259
Providing an Elder-Centric Village 263
Index 267
