Offering valuable guidance to troubleshooting issues regarding ingredient selection and interaction, regulatory concerns that must be addressed early in development, and the extrapolation of preservative systems, fragrance
Table of Contents
Preface ix
Section I Preliminary Considerations and Selection of Raw Materials
1 Pre-formulation Design and Considerations 3
Howard Epstein
2 The Use of Thickeners in Topically Applied Formulations 29
Jed Riemer and Tom Russo
3 The Incorporation of Delivery Systems into Topical Formulations: A Case Study on the Use of Salicylic Acid for Acne Treatment 45
Nripen S. Sharma, Bryan Grossman and Sam Shefer
4 Formulating Skin Care Products with Silicones: Approaches and Strategies 59
Bartley Maxon and Michael Starch
5 The Use of Corn-derived Ingredients in Personal Care Applications 115
Cindy Yu
Section II Formulation, Processing and Production Techniques
6 Emulsions and their Characterization by Texture Profile Analysis 131
Roger L. McMullen, Mihaela Gorcea and Susan Chen
7 High Internal Phase Water-in-oil Emulsions 155
Paul Thau
Introduction 155
8 Manufacturing Topical Formulations: Scale-up from Lab to Pilot Production 167
Michael Kimball
9 Foam: A Unique Delivery Vehicle for Topically Applied Formulations 233
Dov Tamarkin
Section III Testing and Measurements Methods
10 Using Experimental Design to Optimize Formulations 263
Joseph Albanese
11 Rheological Properties of Topical Formulations 287
Hemi Nae
12 Viscosity Measurement for Topically Applied Formulations 346
Daphne Benderly
13 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopic Imaging Analysis of Topical Formulations 369
Samuel Gourion-Arsiquaud, Joel Coret, and David J. Moore
Section IV Sensory and Elegancy
14 Creating Appealing Topically Applied Formulations: Linking Physical Aspects to Marketing Psychology 381
J. Mark Chandler
15 The Use of Fragrance in Topically Applied Formulations 397
Steve Herman
Section V Stability and Preservation
16 Stability Testing for Topical Formulation Development 427
Gary R. Kelm
17 Preservation of Topical Formulations: An Historical and Practical Overview 463
Slawomir Paul Cebulski
18 Microbiological Stability for Skin Care Formulations 485
Kausar Malik
Section VI Color Cosmetics
19 Lip Care Product Formulation Strategies 513
Daniel Sango and David Binder
20 Formulation of Nail Care Products 539
Robert W. Sandewicz
Section VII Sunscreens
21 Formulation of Sunscreens in the United States
Patricia Aikens
22 Formulating a Day Cream with SPF: A Case Study 611
Anne Pouillot and Rachel Ametsitsi
Glossary of Terms, by Chapter 635
Author Biographies 655
Index 661
