Description
Book SynopsisMOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) was commissioned by RPS Group PLC, on behalf of Morris Homes, to undertake archaeological work on land at Upton Park south of Weedon Road, Northampton.
Two adjacent palaeochannels crossed the western extent of the site and are likely to have dated to the Pleistocene period. The earliest evidence of human activity consisted of a background scatter of Neolithic flint. The first feature was an isolated barrow that was established in the early Bronze Age. A later unurned cremation was cut into the backfill of the recut ditch and radiocarbon dated to the end of the early Bronze Age or the beginning of the middle Bronze Age. At least one isolated early Bronze Age pit was found in another part of the site.
Parts of two late Bronze Age/early Iron Age sinuous pit alignments were recorded over nearly 0.5km within the site with c257 pits revealed. An estimated 66% of these pits by volume were examined. This is the first time in the county since Wollaston Quarry in the 1990s that pit alignments were seen over such a distance within a single planning application. The archaeological excavation of these has resulted in them being by some distance the two most examined pit alignments in the county, if not the region. Both had most likely fallen out of use by the early Iron Age, but a middle Iron Age date should not be ruled out. In the northern and southern pit alignments there were 16 and seven areas respectively where there were different variables in the pits such as circular or rectangular plan form (and some pit areas had be recut by ditches), which may suggest they had been constructed and maintained by different gangs/communities over probably hundreds of years.
Relatively little detailed work has been recorded on this enigmatic feature type. The extensive work and examination of the two pit alignments at Upton has allowed a typology of the variable areas of pits (and related ditches) to be postulated. A detailed discussion has compared these features in a local, regional and national context. Future recommendations for excavation of pit alignments have been recorded.
A Roman trackway lay within the western part of the development area and it was part of the routeway network located around the nearby Duston Roman town. Medieval drainage ditches and field systems relating to part of the medieval settlement of Upton lay within the eastern part of the development area.
Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction
Project background
Location and topography
Geological background by Steve Critchley
Historical and archaeological background
Archaeological investigations within and close to the site
Objectives and methodology
Site phasing
Chapter 2 The archaeological evidence
Period 1: Palaeochannel
Period 2: Neolithic (c4000BC – 2500BC)
Period 3: Early to early middle Bronze Age (c2500BC – 1500BC)
Period 4: Late Bronze Age to early middle Iron Age (c1100BC – 400BC)
Period 5: Roman (AD43 – AD400)
Period 6: Medieval to post-medieval
Period 7: Modern
Chapter 3 Finds
Worked Flint by Yvonne Wolframm-Murray
Bronze Age pottery by Andy Chapman
Iron Age and Roman pottery by Adam Sutton
Post-Roman pottery by Jennifer R McNulty
Small finds by Tora Hylton
Radiocarbon dating
Chapter 4 Human, faunal and environmental evidence
Cremated human remains by Chris Chinnock
Animal bone by Adam Reid
Environmental analysis by Sander Aerts
Chapter 5 Discussion
Period 2: Neolithic (c4000BC – 2500BC)
Period 3: Early to early/middle Bronze Age (c2500BC - 1100BC)
Period 4: Late Bronze Age to early Iron Age pit alignments (c1100 – 400BC)
Recommendations for excavation of pit alignments
Period 5: Roman (AD43 – AD410)
Bibliography
