Description
Book SynopsisThis corrected version of the landmark 1981 textbook introduces the physical principles and theoretical basis of acoustics with deep mathematical rigor, concentrating on concepts and points of view that have proven useful in applications such as noise control, underwater sound, architectural acoustics, audio engineering, nondestructive testing, remote sensing, and medical ultrasonics.
Since its publication, this text has been used as part of numerous acoustics-related courses across the world, and continues to be used widely today. During its writing, the book was fine-tuned according to insights gleaned from a broad range of classroom settings. Its careful design supports students in their pursuit of a firm foundation while allowing flexibility in course structure. The book can easily be used in single-term or full-year graduate courses and includes problems and answers. This rigorous and essential text is a must-have for any practicing or aspiring acoustician.
Table of ContentsPreface
List of Symbols
Chapter 1 The Wave Theory of Sound
1-1 A Little History
1-2 The Conservation of Mass
1-3 Euler's Equation of Motion for a Fluid
1-4 Pressure-Density Relations
1-5 Equations of Linear Acoustics
1-6 The Wave Equation
1-7 Plane Traveling Waves
1-8 Waves of Constant Frequency
1-9 Speed of Sound and Ambient Density
1-10 Adiabatic versus Isothermal Sound Speeds
1-11 Acoustic Energy, Intensity, and Source Power
1-12 Spherical Waves
Problems
Chapter 2 Quantitative Measures of Sound
2-1 Frequency Content of Sounds
2-2 Proportional Frequency Bands
2-3 Levels and the Decibel
2-4 Frequency Weighting and Filters
2-5 Combining of Levels
2-6 Mutually Incoherent Sound Sources
2-7 Fourier Series and Long-Duration Sounds
2-8 Transient Waveforms
2-9 Transfer Functions
2-10 Stationary Ergodic Processes
2-11 Bias and Variance
Problems
Chapter 3 Reflection, Transmission, and Excitation of Plane Waves
3-1 Boundary Conditions at Impenetrable Surfaces
3-2 Plane-Wave Reflection at a Flat Rigid Surface
3-3 Specific Acoustic Impedance
3-4 Radiation of Sound by a Vibrating Piston within a Tube
3-5 Sound Radiation by Traveling Flexural Waves
3-6 Reflection and Transmission at an Interlace between Two Fluids
3-7 Multilayer Transmission and Reflection
3-8 Transmission through Thin Solid Slabs, Plates, and Blankets
Problems
Chapter 4 Radiation from Vibrating Bodies
4-1 Radially Oscillating Sphere
4-2 Transversely Oscillating Rigid Sphere
4-3 Monopoles and Green's Functions
4-4 Dipoles and Quadrupoles
4-5 Uniqueness of Solutions of Acoustic Boundary-Value Problems
4-6 The Kirchhoff-Helmholtz Integral Theorem
4-7 Sound Radiation from Small Vibrating Bodies
4-8 Radiation from a Circular Disk
4-9 Reciprocity in Acoustics
4-10 Transducers and Reciprocity
Problems
Chapter 5 Radiation from Sources Near and on Solid Surfaces
5-1 Sources near Plane Rigid Boundaries
5-2 Sources Mounted on Walls: The Rayleigh Integral; Fresnel-Kirchhoff Theory of Diffraction by an Aperture
5-3 Low-Frequency Radiation from Sources Mounted on Walls
5-4 Radiation Impedance of Baffled-Piston Radiators
5-5 Far-Field Radiation from Localized Wall Vibrations
5-6 Transient Solution for Baffled Circular Piston
5-7 Field on and near the Symmetry Axis
5-8 Transition to the Far Field
Problems
Chapter 6 Room Acoustics
6-1 The Sabine-Franklin-Jaeger Theory of Reverberant Rooms
6-2 Some Modifications
6-3 Applications of the Sabine-Franklin-Jaeger Theory
6-4 Coupled Rooms and Large Enclosures
6-5 The Modal Theory of Room Acoustics
6-6 High-Frequency Approximations
6-7 Statistical Aspects of Room Acoustics
6-8 Spatial Correlations in Diffuse Sound Fields
Problems
Chapter 7 Low-Frequency Models of Sound Transmission
7-1 Guided Waves
7-2 Lumped-Parameter Models
7-3 Guidelines for Selecting Lumped-Parameter Models
7-4 Helmholtz Resonators and Other Examples
7-5 Orifices
7-6 Estimation of Acoustic Inertances and End Corrections
7-7 Mufflers and Acoustic Filters
7-8 Homs
Problems
Chapter 8 Ray Acoustics
8-1 Wavefronts, Rays, and Fermat's Principle
8-2 Rectilinear Sound Propagation
8-3 Refraction in Inhomogeneous Media
8-4 Rays in Stratified Media
8-5 Amplitude Variation along Rays
8-6 Wave Amplitudes in Moving Media
8-7 Source above an Interface
8-8 Reflection from Curved Surfaces
Problems
Chapter 9 Scattering and Diffraction
9-1 Basic Scattering Concepts
9-2 Monostatic and Bistatic Scattering-Measurement Configurations
9-3 The Doppler Effect
9-4 Acoustic Fields near Caustics
9-5 Shadow Zones and Creeping Waves
9-6 Source or Listener on the Edge of a Wedge
9-7 Contour-Integral Solution for Diffraction by a Wedge
9-8 Geometrical-Acoustic and Diffracted-Wave Contributions for the Wedge Problem
9-9 Applications of Wedge-Diffraction Theory
Problems
Chapter 10 Effects of Viscosity and Other Dissipative Processes
10-1 The Navier-Stokes-Fourier Model
10-2 Linear Acoustic Equations and Energy Dissipation
10-3 Vorticity, Entropy, and Acoustic Modes
10-4 Acoustic Boundary-Layer Theory
10-5 Attenuation and Dispersion in Ducts and Thin Tubes
10-6 Viscosity Effects on Sound Radiation
10-7 Relaxation Processes
10-8 Absorption of Sound
Problems
Chapter 11 Nonlinear Effects in Sound Propagation
11-1 Nonlinear Steepening
11-2 Generation of Harmonics
11-3 Weak-Shock Theory
11-4 N Waves and Anomalous Energy Dissipation
11-5 Evolution of Sawtooth Waveforms
11-6 Nonlinear Dissipative Waves
11-7 Transition to Old Age
11-8 Nonlinear Effects in Converging and Diverging Waves
11-9 N Waves in Inhomogeneous Media; Spherical Waves
11-10 Ballistic Shocks; Sonic Booms
Problems
Indexes
Name Index
Subject Index
