Search results for "tag:"Author Tuija Takala""

Book SynopsisIs bioethics only about medicine and health care? Law? Philosophy? Social issues? No, on all accounts. It embraces all these and more. In this book, fifteen notable scholars from the North West of England critically explore the main approaches to bioethics—and make a scratch on its polished surface.Trade Review"Well written and very readable … can [chapters] can be read either as stand-alone papers or as part of the whole. Despite its title the book does more then ‘scratch the surface’ of bioethics. … while a background knowledge of the main arguments and better known writings in bioethics is definitely a help, the volume may also be useful for those making their first tentative steps in the vast array of academic literature in this field." - in: Bulletin of Medical Ethics, No. 204 (December 2004/January 2005) "The book contains several chapters that echo the practical ethical concerns that health professionals confront in their work. They do more than just ‘scratch the surface of bioethics’ and make the book as a whole a useful addition to the libraries of health professionals" - in: Nursing Ethics 11(3) (2004) "If the discipline of ethics can have its ‘metaethics’, then the discipline of bioethics can have its ‘metabioethics’. This book would be a notable contribution to such a discipline … an excellent collection of essays which are accessibly written, relatively short, and highly thought provoking. Clinicians, caring professionals, philosophers, and students who have some familiarity with the bioethical literature will gain greatly from reading it. If the maturity of a discipline is evidenced by its willingness to reflect on its own assumptions and methods, then this book is a mark of such maturity in bioethics." - in: Metapsychology (Dec. 2003)Table of ContentsForeword by Michael Parker Preface Introduction Matti HÄYRY and Tuija TAKALA: What is Bioethics All About? A Start ONE Rebecca BENNETT and Alan CRIBB: The Relevance of Empirical Research to Bioethics: Reviewing the Debate TWO Mairi LEVITT: Better Together? Sociological and Philosophical Perspectives on Bioethics THREE Tuija TAKALA: The Role of Sense and Sensibility in Bioethics FOUR Eve GARRARD and Stephen WILKINSON: Does Bioethics Need Moral Theory? FIVE Søren HOLM: “Parity of Reasoning” Arguments in Bioethics – Some Methodological Considerations SIX Harry LESSER: Anne Maclean’s Criticism of Bioethics SEVEN Peter HERISSONE-KELLY: The Principlist Approach to Bioethics, and its Stormy Journey Overseas EIGHT Charles A. ERIN: Who Needs “the Four Principles?” NINE Matti HÄYRY: Do Bioscientists Need Professional Ethics? TEN John HARRIS: Pro-Life is Anti-Life: The Problematic Claims of Pro-Life Positions in Ethics ELEVEN Simo VEHMAS: The Grounds for Preventing Impairments. A Critique TWELVE Mark P. SHEEHAN: Deflating Autonomy THIRTEEN Paul BARROW: Autonomy: Overworked and Under-Valued About the Editors and Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the nature of values, and the status of value studies, at the turn of the millennium. The contributors, nineteen philosophers from fourteen countries, introduce and defend an enriching variety of views regarding the present state and future prospects of value inquiry.Trade Review"students, teachers and researchers will find this new volume very useful." - in: Educational Book Review (May-June 2002)Table of ContentsONE Robert GINSBERG: Value Inquiry as the Future of Philosophy TWO Amihud GILEAD: What Does Value Inquiry Really Need for the Future? THREE André MINEAU: Value Inquiry and Nazism: Some Considerations on Relativism and Ordinary Morality FOUR C.L. SHENG: On the Transfer of Economic Value as Legacy or Gift FIVE Dane GORDON: Value Inquiry, Not a Straightforward Business SIX Frederick KRAENZEL: Natural Value and Artificial Immortality SEVEN GERHOLD K. BECKER: In Search of Humanity. Human Dignity as a Basic Moral Attitude EIGHT Jiang CHANG: Axiology and Ethics: Past, Present and Future NINE John R. WELCH: Two Types of Moral Dilemma TEN Jon MILLS: Homo homini lupus. Hegel and Freud on the Future of Humanity ELEVEN Józef NIONIK: Arbitrariness and Sense TWELVE L.D. KEITA: Value in Neoclassical Economic Theory: On Efficiency, Equity, and Human Welfare THIRTEEN Matti HÄYRY: Happiness and the Friction of Moral Revolutions FOURTEEN Minoru KITAMURA: Multiculturalism and Universal Values FIFTEEN Mona ABOUSENNA: The problematic of Values in the Next Millennium SIXTEEN Pio COLONELLO: Nihilism, Melancholy and Values: A Theoretical Approach. SEVENTEEN Samantha BRENNAN: The Future and Value of Rights: Rights versus Responsibilities EIGHTEEN William M. ROBB: Can Value Inquiry Be More Effective with Greater Philosophical Discipline? NINETEEN William SWEET: Value Inquiry, Cultural Diversity, and Ecumenism

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the many connections that bioethical thinking has with social reality. Bioethics, if it is to be effective, must engage with and address the actualities of modern life: policies, regulations, markets, opinions, and technological advances. In these original contributions fifteen notable scholars working in the North West of England take on this challenge. The series Values in Bioethics makes available original philosophical books in all areas of bioethics, including medical and nursing ethics, health care ethics, research ethics, environmental ethics, and global bioethics.Trade Review”This book should be of interest to a wide readership … Its main strength lies in the clear presentation of a number of controversial issues that impinge on current health care planning and practice.” in: Nursing Ethics 12(6), 2005Table of ContentsForeword by John Harris Preface Introduction Matti Häyry, Tuija Takala, and Peter Herissone-Kelly: The Social Reality of Bioethics ONE Harry LESSER: The Case of Back-Street Abortion TWO Doris SCHROEDER: Suicide, Self-Sacrifice, and the Duty to Die THREE Matti HÄYRY: Forget Autonomy and Give Me Freedom! FOUR Monique JONAS: Choosing Between Claims: Allocating Parental Responsibility in Surrogacy Disputes FIVE Tuija TAKALA: The Many Wrongs of Human Reproductive Cloning SIX Louise IRVING: The Problem of Intangibles SEVEN Eve GARRARD and Stephen WILKINSON: Mind the Gap: The Use of Empirical Evidence in Bioethics EIGHT Angus DAWSON: Informed Consent: Bioethical Ideal and Empirical Reality NINE Søren HOLM: What Empirical Bioethics Can Learn from Empirical Business Ethics TEN Jukka KILPI: On Corporate Ethical Responsibility, Stakeholder Value, and Strict Liability in Biotechnology ELEVEN Peter LUCAS: Perspectivism in Risk Management TWELVE Simon WOODS: Moral Progress THIRTEEN Mark SHEEHAN: Healthcare and (a Kind of) Virtue Ethics FOURTEEN Peter HERISSONE-KELLY: Bioethics, Rights-Based Consequentialism, and Social Reality About the Editors and Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the international assessment and regulation of biomedical research. In its chapters, some of the leading figures in today’s bioethics address questions centred on global development, scientific advances, and vulnerability. The series Values In Bioethics makes available original philosophical books in all areas of bioethics, including medical and nursing ethics, health care ethics, research ethics, environmental ethics, and global bioethics.Table of ContentsAlexander MORGAN CAPRON: Foreword: Why Bother with Ethics in Biomedical Research? Preface Matti HÄYRY, Tuija TAKALA, and Peter HERISSONE-KELLY: Introduction: Development, Research, and Vulnerability Part One: Facts, Fears, and Hopes Concerning Development Solomon R. BENATAR: New Perspectives on International Research Ethics Matti HÄYRY: Some Current Issues in the Ethics of Biomedical Research and Their Background in the Protection of the Dignity and Autonomy of the Vulnerable Florencia LUNA: Bioethics and Biomedicine: Developing Countries’ Perspective Leo PESSINI and Leonard M. MARTIN: Brazilian Research Ethics: A North-South Dialogue Aiming to Build a New Culture of Respect Angela AMONDI WASUNNA: Who Sets the Agenda for Health Research in Developing Countries? A Call for More Community Involvement Part Two: Research and Technology as Answers and as Questions Darryl MACER: Ethical Aspects in Introducing Genetically Modified Organisms for Public Health Purposes Michael PARKER, Richard ASHCROFT, Andrew WILKIE, and Alastair KENT: The Ethical Review of Research into Rare Genetic Disorders Rosemarie TONG: Ongoing and Emerging Biomedical Research Issues at the Beginning of Life: United States Perspectives Bart HANSEN and Paul SCHOTSMANS: Human Stem Cell Research as a Promising Hope for Humankind: A Christian-Ethical Contribution Boris G. YUDIN: Interrelations between Bioethics and Ethics of Bio technology Part Three: Vulnerability, Power, and Responsibility Leslie P. FRANCIS, Margaret P. BATTIN, Jeffrey R. BOTKIN, Jay A. JACOBSON, and Charles B. SMITH: Infectious Disease and the Ethics of Research: The Moral Significance of Communicability Leonardo D. de CASTRO: Is There a Duty to Serve as Research Subjects? Elma LOURDES CAMPOS PAVONE ZOBOLI: Vulnerability in Biomedical Research: A Framework for Analysis F Maria PATRÃO DO CÉU NEVES: New Vulnerabilities Raised by Biomedical Research Frank J. LEAVITT: How to Save the World: Some Alternatives to Biomedical Research About the authors Index

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the role of philosophy and philosophers in bioethics. Academics often see bioethical studies as too practical while decision makers tend to see them as too theoretical. The purpose of this collection of new essays by an international group of distinguished scholars is to explore the troubled relationship between theory and practice in the ethical assessment of medicine, health care, and new medical and genetic technologies. The book is divided into six parts. In the first part, philosophers consider the definition of bioethics, the nature of applied ethics more generally, and the possibility of combining utilitarian and liberal strands of thinking in moral and political studies. In the second part, authors discuss the place and justification of principles in bioethics and the significance of medical and nursing experience in moral decision making. The third part addresses the complementary (or contradictory, as the case may be) principles of dignity, autonomy, precaution, and solidarity, and their use in theoretical and practical settings. In the fourth part, public health measures and experimental research are defended against traditional moral concerns. Part five scrutinizes parental responsibilities in bearing and rearing children, especially the reasons for and against human reproduction in individual cases. In part six, enhancements to human nature by various means are analyzed. Following in the footsteps of four previous collections in the Values in Bioethics special series by the same editorial team—Scratching the Surface of Bioethics, Bioethics and Social Reality, Ethics in Biomedical Research, and Arguments and Analysis in Bioethics—this book, compiled in honor of Professor Matti Häyry’s 50th birthday, drills into the core of the discipline to show the philosophical depths that lie under the polished surface of policy-driven everyday bioethics.Trade Review"If the field of bioethics were music, then this book would certainly be rock’n’roll. It certainly rocks and it is rebellious. (…) And even if you are new to the party, you truly learn a lot, as all the authors take their time to thoroughly ground their ideas and arguments in an impressively coherent style. It is this coherent style that distinguishes this book from other loosely edited volumes. In this book, all 23 texts perfectly fit together." – in: Medical Health Care and Philosophy 13 (2010) "…covers quite a vast territory over the landscape of relevant issues in current bioethics. It does so whilst maintaining a high standard of rigorous argument and without superficial coverage. … The editors have fulfilled their promise to bring theory to bear on the real practical issues that affect people’s lives. As such it would be highly relevant not only to philosophers but also to members of the other disciplines that share this field of study, in particular, the health care professions." – in: MetascienceTable of ContentsForeword by Matti Häyry Preface Tuija Takala, Peter Herissone-Kelly, and Søren Holm: Introduction. Bioethics: What Lies Under the Surface? What is Bioethics and Where Should It Be Going? Sirkku K. Hellsten: Why “Definitions” Matter in Defining Bioethics? Sven Ove Hansson: Ethics Beyond Application Harry Lesser: Utilitarianism and Liberalism How To Do Bioethics? Veikko Launis: The Unbearable Lightness of Bioethical Principles Juha Räikkä: The Method of Wide Reflective Equilibrium in Bioethics Pekka Louhiala: But How Could They Know? Reflections on the Role of Philosophy and Philosophers in Medical Ethics Leila Toiviainen: Does Nursing Ethics Fit in with Philosophy and Bioethics? Dignity, Precaution, and Solidarity Simon Woods: Dignity: Yet Another Look Niall Scott: Autonomy (and a Little Bit of Dignity) in Bioethics Michael Parker and Paolo Vineis: Concepts and Definitions of the Precautionary Principle: An Ethical Analysis Vilhjálmur Árnason: Justice or Solidarity? Thinking about Nordic Prioritization in the Light of Rawls Søren Holm: Will You Still Need Me, Will You Still Feed Me, When I’m 64? An Ethical Problem for the Modern Cosmopolitan Academic Tests and Experiments Margaret P. Battin, Charles B. Smith, Larry Reimer, Jay A. Jacobson, and Leslie P. Francis: Universal Rapid Testing for Infectious Disease in Airports and Places of Public Contact: A Thought Experiment about the Ethical Challenges John Harris: Pigs and Principles: The Use of Animals in Research Rosamond Rhodes: Research Ethics: A Decent Proposal Rationality, Morality, and Reproduction Floora Ruokonen and Simo Vehmas: Parental Responsibility and the Duty to Love One’s Children Frank J. Leavitt: The Meaning of Suffering: A Critique of the Häyry Syndrome Richard Ashcroft: Is It Irrational to Have Children? Rebecca Bennett: Human Reproduction: Selfish and Irrational But Not Immoral Tom Buller: Gambling, Risks, and Reproduction: A Reply to Matti Häyry Philosophical Responses to Enhancements Lisa Bortolotti: Do We Have an Obligation to Make Smarter Babies? Heta Aleksandra Gylling: Youthful Looks—No Matter What It Costs? Timo Airaksinen: New Life Forms: Min or Max Cyborgs? About the Authors and Editors Index

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Book SynopsisIs there any justification for the common practice of allocating expensive medical resources to rescue a few from rare diseases, when those resources could be used to treat devastating diseases that affect the many? Does the use of Prozac and other anti-depressants make us inauthentic beings? Is it immoral and irrational to have children? What is the force of examples and counterexamples in bioethics? What are the relevance of moral intuition and the role of empirical evidence in bioethical argument? What notion of “function” underlies accounts of the distinction between normality and disease and between therapy and enhancement? Is there an inherent conflict between research aimed at therapy and research aimed at gaining knowledge, such that the very notion of “therapeutic research” is an oxymoron? The twenty-one chapters in this volume strive, through the use of high quality argument and analysis, to get a good deal clearer concerning a range of issues in bioethics, and a range of issues about bioethics. The essays are provocative, indeed, some quite radical and disturbing, as they call into question many common methodological and substantive assumptions in bioethics.Table of ContentsForeword by John Lizza Preface Matti Häyry, Tuija Takala, Gardar Árnason, and Peter Herissone-Kelly: Introduction. Arguing About Arguments, Analyzing Analysis Sirkku Kristiina Hellsten: Global Bioethics and “Erroneous Reason”: Fallacies Across the Borders Søren Holm: Is Bioethics Only for the Rich and Powerful? Simona Giordano: Do We Need (Bio)Ethical Principles? Doris Schroeder and Peter Herissone-Kelly: Bioethics and Stephen Toulmin’s Argumentation Theory Harry Lesser: The Use of Examples in Bioethics Harry Lesser: Moral Intuitions in Bioethics Angus Dawson: Toward the “Fair Use” of Empirical Evidence in Ethical Arguments: Vaccination, MMR and Disagreement Cathleen Schulte: An Assessment of the Normal Function Model and Implications for Enhancement Stephen Wilkinson: On the Distinction Between Positive and Negative Eugenics Niall W. R. Scott: Genetic Fallacy and Some Other Concerns in Behavioral Genetics Niall W. R. Scott: Eugenics: Enhancing Individuals or Populations? Anna Smajdor: Harm, Law and Reproductive Cloning Matti Häyry: An Analysis of Some Arguments for and against Human Reproduction Stuart Oultram: Does the Baby Selling Objection to Commercial Surrogacy Misuse Immanuel Kant? John McMillan: Prozac, Authenticity, and the Aristotelian Mean Floris Tomasini: The Case of Self-Demand Amputees: A Dilemma for Professional Ethics? Mark Sheehan: Enzyme Replacement Therapy and the Rule of Rescue Peter Lucas: Is “Therapeutic Research” a Misnomer? Lisa Bortolotti: Can the Subject-of-a-Life Criterion Help Grant Rights to Non-Persons? Jane Wilson: Determining the Limits of Justified Paternalism: Is Maximizing Autonomy the Key? Simo Vehmas: The Who or What of Steve: Severe Cognitive Impairment and its Implications About the Editors and Contributors Index

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