Search results for """ "Chemical Warfare""

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Book SynopsisWhy would a nation, in the midst of a vicious and unrestricted war, hesitate to employ a weapon guaranteed to inflict massive casualties on the enemy? Major Frederic Brown offers here the first critical analysis of this curious World War II phenomenon. He investigates the nature of restraints-political, military, economic, and psychological-operatiTable of Contents*Frontmatter, pg. i*ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, pg. vii*CONTENTS, pg. ix*LIST OF TABLES, pg. xiii*INTRODUCTION, pg. xv*INTRODUCTION, pg. 1*1. THE HERITAGE OF WAR, pg. 3*INTRODUCTION, pg. 49*2. THE AFTERMATH OF WAR, pg. 51*3. THE EVOLUTION OF POLICY, 1922-1939, pg. 97*4. RESTRAINTS AT THE OUTBREAK OF WAR, pg. 149*INTRODUCTION, pg. 189*5. CONFIRMATION OF RESTRAINTS 1939-1942, pg. 191*6. THE CRUCIAL TEST-MID-1945, pg. 262*7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS, pg. 290*GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS, pg. 317*BIBLIOGRAPHY, pg. 321*INDEX, pg. 343

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- Part I. Life and Work.- 1. Reflections from a Friend and Colleague.- 2. Intellectual Contributions and Working Methods.- 3. Tributes to Julian Perry Robinson.- Part II. Photographs.- Part III. Writings.- 4. Introduction to Part III.- 5. A Scientist Who Could Write: The Elegant Language of Julian Perry Robinson.- 6. Selection of Julian’s Writings on Chemical and Biological Warfare.- 7. Examples of Julian’s Broader Writings.- 8. Bibliography of Julian’s Writing on Chemical and Biological Warfare. About the author.- About the editors.

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Book SynopsisOriginating in the armed forces of the early 20th century, weapons based on chemical, biological or nuclear agents have become an everpresent threat that has not vanished after the end of the cold war. Since the technology to produce these agents is nowadays available to many countries and organizations, including those with terrorist aims, civil authorities across the world need to prepare against incidents involving these agents and train their personnel accordingly. As an introductory text on NBC CBRN weapons and agents, this book leads the reader from the scientific basics to the current threats and strategies to prepare against them. After an introductory part on the history of NBC CBRN weapons and their international control, the three classes of nuclear/radiological, biological, and chemical weapons are introduced, focusing on agents and delivery vehicles. Current methods for the rapid detection of NBC CBRN agents are introduced, and the principles of physical protection of humans and structures are explained. The final parts addresses more general issues of risk management, preparedness and response management, as the set of tools that authorities and civil services will be needed in a future CBRN scenario as well as the likely future scenarios that authorities and civil services will be faced with in the coming years. This book is a must-have for Health Officers, Public Health Agencies, and Military Authorities.Table of ContentsForeword XV Preface XVII About the Editors XIX List of Contributors XXIII Part I History and Treaties in CBRN -- Warfare and Terrorism 1 1 A Glance Back -- Myths and Facts about CBRN Incidents 3Andre Richardt and Frank Sabath 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 History of Chemical Warfare 4 1.3 Introduction to Biological Warfare 13 1.4 Introduction to Radiological and Nuclear Warfare 22 2 International Treaties -- Only a Matter for Diplomats? 39Martin Schaarschmidt 2.1 Introduction to the Minefield of Negotiations 39 2.2 Why It Is so Difficult to Implement International Regulations? 42 2.3 Historic Development of Treaties -- the Link to the Incidents 46 2.4 Today's System of Treaties -- a Global Network 47 2.5 Nuclear Weapons 54 2.6 Organizations 63 2.7 Conclusions and Where Does the Road Lead? 64 Part II CBRN Characteristics -- Is There Something Inimitable? 67 3 Chemical Agents -- Small Molecules with Deadly Properties 69Hans-Jurgen Altmann, Silke Oelze, and Bernd Niemeyer 3.1 Are Special Properties Required for Chemical Warfare Agents? 69 3.2 How can we Classify Chemical Warfare Agents? 71 3.3 Properties of Chemical Warfare Agents 78 3.4 Choking and Irritant Agents 97 3.5 Incapacitating Agents 99 3.6 Dissemination Systems of Chemical Warfare Agents 99 3.7 Conclusions and Outlook 101 4 Characteristics of Biological Warfare Agents -- Diversity of Biology 103Birgit Hulseweh 4.1 What Is Special? 104 4.2 Types of Biological Agents 104 4.3 Risk Classification of Biological and Biological Warfare Agents 110 4.4 Routes of Entry 114 4.5 Origin, Spreading, and Availability 118 4.6 The Biological Event -- Borderline to Pandemics, Endemics, and Epidemics 121 4.7 The Bane of Biotechnology -- Genetically Engineered Pathogens 121 4.8 Conclusions and Outlook 123 5 Characteristics of Nuclear and Radiological Weapons 125Ronald Rambousky and Frank Sabath 5.1 Introduction to Nuclear Explosions 126 5.2 Direct Effects 133 5.3 Indirect Effects 149 5.4 Radiological Weapons 159 Part III CBRN Sensors -- Key Technology for an Effective CBRN Countermeasure Strategy 167 6 Why Are Reliable CBRN Detector Technologies Needed? 169Birgit Hulseweh, Hans-Jurgen Marschall, Ronald Rambousky, and Andre Richardt 6.1 Introduction 169 6.2 A Concept to Track CBRN Substances 170 6.3 Low-Level Exposure and Operational Risk Management 175 6.4 Conclusions and Outlook 177 7 Analysis of Chemical Warfare Agents -- Searching for Molecules 179Andre Richardt, Martin Jung, and Bernd Niemeyer 7.1 Analytical Chemistry -- the Scientific Basis for Searching Molecules 180 7.2 Standards for Chemical Warfare Agent Sensor Systems and Criteria for Deployment 182 7.3 False Alarm Rate and Limit of Sensitivity 184 7.4 Technologies for Chemical Warfare Agent Sensor Systems 185 7.5 Testing of Chemical Warfare Agent Detectors 203 7.6 Conclusions and Future Developments 206 8 Detection and Analysis of Biological Agents 211Birgit Hulseweh and Hans-Jurgen Marschall 8.1 What Makes the Difference? 212 8.2 The Ideal Detection and Identification Platform 215 8.3 Bioaerosols: Particulate and Biological Background 216 8.4 Aerosol Detection -- A Tool for Threat Monitoring 217 8.5 Sampling of Biological Agents 223 8.6 Identification of Biological Warfare Agents 229 8.7 Developing and Upcoming Technologies 238 8.8 Conclusions 239 9 Measurement of Ionizing Radiation 243Ronald Rambousky 9.1 Why Is Detection of Ionizing Radiation So Important? 244 9.2 Physical Quantities used to Describe Radioactivity and Ionizing Radiation 248 9.3 Different Measuring Tasks Concerning Ionizing Radiation 251 9.4 Basics of Radiation Detectors 256 9.5 Gamma Dose Rate and Detection of Gamma Radiation 266 9.6 Conclusions and Outlook 271 Part IV Technologies for Physical Protection 273 10 Filter Technology -- Clean Air is Required 275Andre Richardt and Thomas Dawert 10.1 Filters -- Needed Technology Equipment for Collective and Individual Protection 275 10.2 General Considerations 276 10.3 What are the Principles for Filtration and Air-Cleaning? 278 10.4 Test Methods 286 10.5 Selection Process for CBRN Filters 290 10.6 Conclusions and Outlook 292 11 Individual Protective Equipment -- Do You Know What to Wear? 295Karola Hagner and Friedrich Hesse 11.1 Basics of Individual Protection 296 11.2 Which Challenges for Individual Protection Equipment (IPE) Can Be Identified? 296 11.3 The Way to Design Individual Protective Equipment 298 11.4 Function 299 11.5 Ergonomics -- a Key Element for Individual Protection Equipment 301 11.6 Donning and Doffing -- Training Is Required 305 11.7 Overview of IPE Items -- They Have to Act in Concert 306 11.8 Quality Assurance 326 11.9 Workplace Safety 327 11.10 Future Prospects 327 12 Collective Protection -- A Secure Area in a Toxic Environment 331Andre Richardt and Bernd Niemeyer 12.1 Why Is Collective Protection of Interest? 332 12.2 Collective Protection Systems -- Required for Different Scenarios 337 12.3 Basic Design 341 12.4 Conclusions and Outlook 348 Part V Cleanup after a CBRN Event 351 13 Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents -- What is Thorough? 353Hans Jurgen Altmann, Martin Jung, and Andre Richardt 13.1 What Is Decontamination? 353 13.2 Dispersal and Fate of Chemical Warfare Agents 354 13.3 Decontamination Media for Chemical Warfare Agents 356 13.4 Selected Chemical Warfare Agents and Decont Reaction Schemes 369 13.5 Soman (GD) 372 13.6 VX 372 13.7 Catalysis in Decontamination 373 13.8 Decont Procedures 375 13.9 Conclusions and Outlook 380 14 Principles and Practice of Disinfection of Biological Warfare Agents -- How Clean is Clean Enough? 383Andre Richardt and Birgit Hulseweh 14.1 General Principles of Disinfection and Decontamination 384 14.2 Mechanisms of Action of Biocides against Microorganisms 385 14.3 Levels of Disinfection 390 14.4 Biological Target Sites of Selected Biocides 393 14.5 The Spores Problem 395 14.6 Inactivation as Kinetic Process 399 14.7 Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficiency 401 14.8 Carrier Tests versus Suspension Tests 403 14.9 Resistance to Biocide Inactivation -- a Growing Concern 405 14.10 New and Emerging Technologies for Disinfection 408 14.11 "Is Clean Clean Enough'' or "How Clean Is Clean Enough''? 408 15 Radiological/Nuclear Decontamination -- Reduce the Risk 411Nikolaus Schneider 15.1 Why Is Radiological/Nuclear Decontamination So Special? 412 15.2 Contamination 414 15.3 Decontamination 418 15.4 Conclusions and Outlook 428 Part VI CBRN Risk Management -- Are We Prepared to Respond? 431 16 Preparedness 433Marc-Michael Blum, Andre Richardt, and Kai Kehe 16.1 Introduction to Risk Management 433 16.2 Key Elements Influencing a Counter-CBRN Strategy 436 16.3 A Special Strategy for CBRN 438 16.4 Proliferation Prevention 456 16.5 Active Countermeasures 458 16.6 If Things Get Real: Responding to a CBRN Event 459 16.7 Research 473 16.8 Aftermath Action -- Lessons Learned 474 16.9 Conclusions and Outlook 475 References 476 Index 479

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Book SynopsisRichard M. Price asks why, among all the ominous technologies of weaponry throughout the history of warfare, chemical weapons carry a special moral stigma. Something more seems to be at work than the predictable resistance people have expressed to any...Trade ReviewA valuable book for those wishing to be informed on various chemical weapons and the use of non lethal weapons to fight future insurgencies. * The Journal of the United Service Institution of India *An interesting and insightful look into the murky world of morality in modern warfare.... An excellent book... clear in its focus, effectively presented, and persuasive in its arguments. It should most assuredly find its way onto the shelf of anyone seriously interested in the historical, moral, or pragmatic repercussions of weapons of mass destruction. -- Millennium * Journal of International Studies *Price persuasively confirms that chemical weapons have militarily useful capabilities.... Price's thorough scholarship shows how chemical weapons have become a metaphor for intolerably offensive extensions of violent capabilities; the efforts to control them have become a metaphor for the potential ascendancy of law over those capabilities. It is a unique historical lesson, with potentially optimistic ramifications. -- Barry Kellman * The American Journal of International Law *

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Book SynopsisOften described as the misuse of science, chemical and biological weapons have incurred widespread opposition over the years. Despite condemnation from the United Nations, governments, and the disarmament lobby, they remain very real options for rogue states and terrorists. In this new edition of Agents of War, Edward M. Spiers has expanded and updated this much-needed history with two new chapters on political poisoning and chemical weapons in the Middle East. Spiers breaks new ground by presenting his analysis in both historical and contemporary contexts, giving a comprehensive chronological account of why, where, and when such weapons were used or suspected to be deployed.Trade Review"A comprehensive overview of the development, future, and implications of biological and chemical weapons. Spiers's book traces the origins of chemical and biological warfare from their ancient beginnings to the first major use of gas in 1915 in World War I, to more recent uses and suspicions of use."-- "Arms Control, on the first edition" "A succinct and readily accessible account of the history and key issues associated with chemical and biological weapons from World War I to the present. . . . An excellent overview of an often underappreciated segment of twentieth- and twenty-first-century security studies. . . . It deserves the thoughtful attention of both students and professionals."-- "Military Review, on the first edition" "Provides a compelling case for governments across the globe not to overlook the potential threat of biological and chemical weapons. . . . The book is more than just a history of these weapons, but also an important addition to the literature on the types of threat we are likely to face in the future. . . . An important reminder of the substantial destructive and psychological power of chemical and biological weapons, as well as an accessible history about how states have thought about their use and utility in the past."-- "Political Studies Review, on the first edition" "This concise work, with its extensive references and bibliography, will be of interest to all students and professionals in the fields of history, political science, public policy, toxicology, and chemical technology. Recommended."-- "Choice, on the first edition"

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Book SynopsisGRIPPING, MOVING AND INSPIRING: the remarkable life of a world-leading expert in chemical weapons defence.Unlike any account of warfare I''ve read - Billy BillinghamFor thirty years, Hamish has served and volunteered in conflict zones around the world. As the army''s foremost chemical weapons expert, he built a unique first-hand understanding of how to prevent attacks and train doctors on the frontline - saving countless lives in the process.After suffering near-death experiences time and again, Hamish discovered he had a ticking time bomb in his own chest: a heart condition called Sudden Death Syndrome that could kill him at any time. But with a new awareness for the fragility of life, he fought harder to make his count.Despite facing extraordinary personal danger, Hamish has unearthed evidence of multiple chemical attacks in Syria and continues to advise the government at the highest level, including after the 2018 Novichok poisoning iTrade ReviewA gripping account * Daily Mail *A fascinating memoir * Salisbury Journal *Gripping * Daily Express *A page-turning read, full of urgent questions, from one of the world's finest chemical and biological weapons experts. Compelling and unforgettable. * John Simpson *Hamish de Bretton-Gordon has been one of my closest comrades on the front line. Completely fearless, he is one of the leading chemical weapons expert on the globe. His training has saved lives and given hope. * Professor David Nott, bestselling author of WAR DOCTOR *A career at the cutting edge of Britain's chemical weapons defence has bequeathed Hamish a deep and heartfelt mission for protecting the innocent victims of such heinous crimes. The risks he has taken to do so are legion, his commitment beyond belief, his inspiration truly humbling. One of my heroes, a word I do not use lightly. * Damien Lewis, bestselling author of APACHE DAWN *This book is where theory meets reality. DBG is one of only a handful of highly experienced practitioners in this field. Of course, the science matters - but its application is what requires our full and undivided attention. DBG shines a light into that dark corner. * Sir Graeme Lamb, former director of UK Special Forces *The international community has generally ignored the plight of the Syrian people, but there are a few bright lights and Hamish is one of the brightest. He is a brilliant humanitarian activist. * Dr Ghanem Tayara, Syrian doctor *Hamish's incredible life story is unlike any account of warfare I've read. His courage on the front line and drive to make a difference in the world is truly inspiring. * Billy Billingham, 'SAS: Who Dares Wins' *Hamish de Bretton-Gordon is an outstanding humanitarian who has fought for justice and accountability for Syrians. He is one of the few heroes in a story of evil, misery and law breaking. * Andrew Mitchell MP *Hamish de Bretton-Gordon's autobiography starts like the opening of a high-octane film * The New European *It is a remarkable story of rising above a truly terrifying experience and making a genuine difference in the world... DBG's writing is clear and enjoyable, making the book a pleasure to read * History of War *Chemical Warrior reads as a fast-paced thriller, each derring-do tale worthy of a book in itself. * Wiltshire Life *

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Book SynopsisWhen the United States officially entered World War I in 1917, it was woefully underprepared for chemical warfare, in which the British, French, and Germans had been engaged since 1915. In response, the U.S. Army created an entirely new branch: the Chemical Warfare Service. The army turned to trained chemists and engineers to lead the charge—and called on an array of others, including baseball players, to fill out the ranks.The Gas and Flame Men is the first full account of Major League ballplayers who served in the Chemical Warfare Service during World War I. Four players, two club executives, and a manager served in the small and hastily formed branch, six of them as gas officers. Remarkably, five of the seven—Christy Mathewson, Branch Rickey, Ty Cobb, George Sisler, and Eppa “Jeptha” Rixey—are now enshrined in the National Baseball Hall of Fame at Cooperstown, New York. The son of a sixth Hall of Famer, player and manager Ned Hanlon, was a young officer killed in action in France with the First Gas Regiment. Prominent chemical soldiers also included veteran Major League catcher and future manager George “Gabby” Street and Boston Braves president and former Harvard football coach Percy D. Haughton.The Gas and Flame Men explores how these famous baseball men, along with an eclectic mix of polo players, collegiate baseball and football stars, professors, architects, and prominent social figures all came together in the Chemical Warfare Service. Jim Leeke examines their service and its long-term effects on their physical and mental health—and on Major League Baseball and the world of sports. The Gas and Flame Men also addresses historical inaccuracies and misperceptions surrounding Christy Mathewson’s early death from tuberculosis in 1925, long attributed to wartime gas exposure. Trade Review"Historian Leeke . . . offers a meticulous and informative account of the Chemical Warfare Service, an army unit hastily formed when the U.S. entered WWI to catch up to the conflict's extensive reliance on new weapons like flamethrowers and poison gas. . . . [The Gas and Flame Men is] an enjoyable and distinctive blend of war story and sports chronicle. It will appeal especially to baseball history buffs."—Publishers Weekly“Christy Mathewson, Ty Cobb, Eppa Rixey, and Branch Rickey—all members of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Gas and Flame Men during the Great War. Jim Leeke knows the connection between baseball and the war better than anybody. He’ll keep you turning pages as he tells their stories, and more.”—Jan Finkel, 2012 recipient of SABR’s Bob Davids Award“Jim Leeke scores again with The Gas and Flame Men, delivering a fascinating account of America’s World War I response to German chemical warfare and the important part a group of Major League Baseball stars and other key sports figures played in it.”—Rick Huhn, author of The Chalmers Race: Ty Cobb, Napoleon Lajoie, and the Controversial 1910 Batting Title That Became a National Obsession“To steal a baseball term, The Gas and Flame Men is an out-of-the-park grand slam. No one knows more than Jim Leeke about the intersection of America’s national pastime and the Great War. A wonderful story you won’t want to put down.”—Mitchell Yockelson, author of Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing’s Warriors Came of Age to Defeat the German Army in World War ITable of ContentsList of Illustrations 1. Nashville 2. Gabby 3. Frightfulness 4. Winter 5. Good Scout 6. CWS 7. France 8. Summer 9. Final Innings 10. Shipping Out 11. Autumn 12. Coignes 13. Homecomings 14. Saranac Lake 15. Cooperstown Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe Invisible Enemy is a timely reminder, and hopefully a wake-up call, to humankind that is fast hurtling towards its own destruction.

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Book SynopsisThe book analyses the revolution in the life sciences, the changing nature of warfare, and the impact of biodefense activities on the regimes to prohibit chemical and biological weapons and puts forward proposals to strengthen these regimes.Trade Review"This excellent book by top experts links in-depth analysis of the CBW prohibition regimes with recent scholarship on new wars, gives a critical assessment of biodefense policies and is based on a thorough review of the revolution in the life sciences."—Harald Müller, Executive Director, Peace Research Institute, Frankfurt"This book rejoins two issues that have for decades been addressed apart: chemical and biological weapons disarmament. Separated for pragmatic reasons, today's convergence in the life sciences calls for new thinking. The book will enrich the discussions in the arms control and the life science communities about managing dual use risks."—Ralf Trapp, International consultant on chemical and biological weapons arms control

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Book SynopsisWithin months of the start of the First World War, Germany began to run out of the raw materials it needed to make explosives. As Germany faced imminent defeat, chemists such as Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch came to the rescue with Nobel Prize winning discoveries that overcame the shortages and enabled the country to continue in the war. Similarly, Britain could not have sustained its war effort for four years had it not been for chemists like Chaim Weizmann who was later to become the first president of the State of Israel. Michael Freemantle tells the stories of these and many other chemists and explains how their work underpinned and shaped what became known as The Chemists’ War. He reveals: • how chemistry contributed to the care of the sick and wounded and to the health and safety of troops; • how coal not only powered the war but was also an important source of the chemicals needed for the manufacture of explosives, dyes, medicines and antiseptics; • how Britain’s production of propellants relied on the slaughter of tens of thousands of whales; • how a precious metal played a critical role in the war; • how poisonous chemicals were used as weapons of mass destruction for the first time in the history of warfare and how chemists developed gas masks for protection against these weapons; • how the British naval blockade of Germany imperilled agricultural production in the United States. The book will appeal to the general reader as well as the many scientists and historians interested in the Great War.Trade ReviewThis is an interesting book offering a different view from the large number that have been written on the politics and strategies of the war. It is well written, extensively referenced and includes a useful last chapter on the top 50 chemicals of the Great War. There is a lot of interesting chemistry but the human story is also strong. -- School Science Review - Alex Chaplin"this is a highly professional account" "he explains - in approachable, layman's terms - the basic ingredients of wartime gas chemistry" "the book's most original contribution lies in drawing attention to the "metals of war", such as nickel, tin, tungsten, chromium, manganese, and zinc" "such metals took a "starring role" on the battlefield" "well worth including in any working library" "Like its predecessor, The Chemists’ War is a good introduction to the subject in its widest dimensions." -- Roy MacLeod * Bulletin for the History of Chemistry *"...a remarkably diverse collection of essays..." "The book will appeal to the general reader as well as the many scientists and historians interested in the Great War" -- Brian Clegg * Popular Science *Table of ContentsMore than Chemical Warfare; The Neglected Face of the War; A Single Round of Firearm Ammunition; Whaling for World War One; Acetone and the Birth of a State; An Element of War; The Synthesis of War; Khaki and Indigo; Chemistry and the Zepellins; Chemistry and the Sinking of the Lusitania; The Potash Problem; Bacilli Killed More than Bullets; The Chemists of War; War, the Mother of Invention?; Images of War; Periodic Table of War; The Scientific Legacy of the War; Subject Index

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Book SynopsisThe book features comparative perspectives on the field of chemical ecology, present and future, offered by scientists from a wide variety of disciplines. The scientists contributing to this book –biologists, ecologists, biochemists, chemists, biostatisticians – are interested in marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems and work on life forms ranging from micro-organisms to mammals, including humans, living in areas from the tropics to polar regions. Here, they cross their analyses of the present state of chemical ecology and its perspectives for the future. Those presented here include complex, multispecies communities and cover a wide range both of organisms and of the types of molecules that mediate the interactions between them. Up to now, no book has presented a solid scientific treatment of a wide range of examples. This book illustrates a diverse panel of the most advanced aspects of this rapidly expanding field.Table of ContentsForeword xiStéphanie THIÉBAULT and Françoise GAILL Introduction xiiiAnne-Geneviève BAGNÈRES and Martine HOSSAERT-MCKEY Chapter 1. Biodiversity and Chemical Mediation 1Bertrand SCHATZ, Doyle MCKEY and Thierry PÉREZ 1.1. Systematic and integrative taxonomy from chemical ecology 2 1.2. Scent communication between sexual partners 4 1.3. Scent communication between species 6 1.4. Chemical mimicry, to enhance reproduction 8 1.5. A dialog that sometimes evolves into an interaction network 10 1.6. Conclusions 18 1.7. Bibliography 18 Chapter 2. Chemical Ecology: An Integrative and Experimental Science 23Anne-Marie CORTESERO, Magali PROFFIT, Christophe DUPLAIS and Frédérique VIARD 2.1. Semiochemicals 23 2.2. Chemical ecology in multitrophic networks and co-evolution between species 28 2.3. Contribution of chemical ecology to the study of tropical plant diversification 32 2.4. When chemical ecology sheds light on the process of biological invasion – an example demonstratingintegration between chemistry and ecology 36 2.5. Protection is in the air: how plants defend themselves against phytophagous insects through VOC emissions 40 2.6. Conclusions 43 2.7. Bibliography 43 Chapter 3. Scents in the Social Life of Non-Human and Human Primates 47Marie CHARPENTIER, Guillaume ODONNE and Benoist SCHAAL 3.1. Primate societies and their complex systems of communication 47 3.2. The role of odors in human communication 53 3.2.1. Human odors convey a large panel of cues 53 3.2.2. Body odors reflect internal states 55 3.2.3. What are the functions of social smells in human daily life? 56 3.2.4. Human pheromones, fact or fiction? 59 3.3. The senses of smell and taste in the search for food and remedies 61 3.3.1. Interactions between senses and food in primates 61 3.3.2. Senses and self-medication in animals 62 3.3.3. Senses in human therapies 63 3.3.4. An evolutionary conception of the link between senses and health 65 3.4. Conclusions – the adaptive functions of the sense of smell in “microsmatic” species 66 3.5. Bibliography 68 Chapter 4. Microbiota and Chemical Ecology 71Soizic PRADO, Catherine LEBLANC and Sylvie REBUFFAT 4.1. The protagonist microorganisms of chemical ecology 71 4.2. Strategies for the study of microbiota 72 4.2.1. How should the microbiota be characterized? 72 4.2.2. What tools are available to help understand the roles of the microbiota? 73 4.3. The molecular dialog of microorganisms 75 4.3.1. Language and social life of microorganisms 75 4.3.2. The AMPs, main actors in the equilibrium of bacterial communities 78 4.3.3. Fungi and bacteria communicate to better help each other 79 4.3.4. When helping each other degenerates into chemical warfare between bacteria and fungi 80 4.3.5. The Trichoderma fungi: heavy artillery against pathogenic fungi 80 4.4. Chemical communication between microorganisms and their hosts 81 4.4.1. Plant–bacteria relationships: essential interactions with different partners 81 4.4.2. Plants also establish intimate relations with fungi 83 4.4.3. Mutualist actinobacteria provide care to insects 85 4.4.4. Chemical communication between microorganisms and their host in the marine environment 87 4.5. Regulations and evolution of the interactions in changing ecosystems and environments 89 4.5.1. Contribution of chemical ecology to the understanding of biosynthesis mechanisms of chemical mediators 90 4.5.2. Metabolic networks: new tools for studying the evolution of host/microbiota interactions 91 4.6. Conclusions – from chemical ecology to future applications: impacts of the study of the microbiota 91 4.7. Bibliography 92 Chapter 5. From Chemical Ecology to Ecogeochemistry 95Catherine FERNANDEZ, Virginie BALDY and Nadine LE BRIS 5.1. Balance between primary and secondary metabolism 96 5.2. Role of secondary metabolites in biotic interactions and community structure 99 5.3. Secondary metabolites and ecosystem functioning: plant soil relation – brown food chain 103 5.4. Integration of biotic and abiotic dynamics: benthic marine microhabitats 109 5.5. Conclusions 114 5.6. Bibliography 114 Chapter 6. Omics in Chemical Ecology 117Sylvie BAUDINO, Christophe LUCAS and Carole SMADJA 6.1. Introduction: the different “omic” technologies 118 6.2. From “omics” to signals: identifying new active molecules 120 6.3. From “omics” to the ecology of communities: identifying chemical interactions of organisms in their environment 121 6.4. From “omics” to molecular bases: revealing the genetic and molecular bases of chemical interactions 122 6.5. From “omics” to physiology: characterizing the modes of production and the modes of reception of active molecules 127 6.6. From “omics” to the role of environment: understanding the impact of biotic and abiotic factors on interactions 128 6.7. From “omics” to evolution: understanding and predicting the adaptive value of chemical interactions 131 6.8. Conclusions and perspectives 133 6.9. Bibliography 134 Chapter 7. Metabolomic Contributions to Chemical Ecology 139Philippe POTIN, Florence NICOLÈ and Olivier P. THOMAS 7.1. Definition of metabolomics 139 7.2. Different strategies of the metabolomic approaches 140 7.3. The different steps for conducting a metabolomic study 141 7.3.1. Experimental design and sampling 142 7.3.2. Analytical approaches 144 7.3.3. Data processing 144 7.4. Applications of metabolomics 151 7.4.1. Chemical biodiversity and chemotaxonomy 151 7.4.2. Study of the regulation and evolution of metabolic/ biosynthesis pathways 152 7.4.3. Contributions to functional ecology 155 7.4.4. Application of metabolomics to the study of environmental disturbances 157 7.5. Conclusions 157 7.6. Bibliography 158 Chapter 8. Chemical, Biological and Computational Tools in Chemical Ecology 161Nicolas BARTHÈS, Jean-Claude CAISSARD, Jérémy JUST and Xavier FERNANDEZ 8.1. Chemical tools 161 8.1.1. Analytical tools of chromatography 161 8.1.2. Analytical approach by nuclear magnetic resonance 168 8.1.3. Secondary metabolite imagery techniques 170 8.2. Sequencing tools 173 8.2.1. Principles, strengths and limitations of NGS 174 8.2.2. Major domains of NGS applications 175 8.3. Databases: biodiversity in silico 179 8.3.1. Databases of chemical compounds and general ecology 180 8.3.2. Databases for the omics that can be used in chemical ecology 181 8.4. Conclusions 183 8.5. Bibliography 183 Chapter 9. Academic and Economic Values of Understanding Chemical Communication 185Bernard BANAIGS, Ali AL MOURABIT, Guillaume CLAVE and Claude GRISON 9.1. Nature as a model 185 9.2. Nature as a model for development of new molecules of interest 187 9.2.1. From chemical mediators to new bioactive structural archetypes 188 9.2.2. Biosynthesis and biomimetic synthesis 192 9.2.3. Chemical mediators and ligand/receptor interactions: to the discovery of new cellular receptors and biochemical tools 195 9.3. Chemical ecology and sustainable development 196 9.3.1. Bio-control 198 9.3.2. Bio-inspired chemistry and remedial phytotechnologies 200 9.4. Conclusions 205 9.5. Bibliography 205 Conclusion 207Martine HOSSAERT-MCKEY and Anne-Geneviève BAGNÈRES Glossary 213 List of Authors 217 Index 221

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Book SynopsisThere are four volumes in this series on organophosphorus chemistry, a sub-series of Saul Patai''s Chemistry of Functional Groups series. Together the volumes provide comprehensive coverage of the entire organophosphorus area, which is critical to main-line organic chemistry in both academic and industrial circles. The general format of the material on organophosphorus chemistry follows that of the volumes in the Patai series, with commissioned chapters on the theoretical/structural aspects, stereochemistry, synthesis, photochemistry, spectroscopy and biochemistry.Table of ContentsThe Preparation and Properties of Tervalent Phosphorus AcidDerivatives (O. Dahl). The Synthesis of Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acids and TheirDerivatives: Non-Functionalized Acids (R. Edmundson). The Synthesis of Functionalized Phosphinic and Phosphonic Acids andTheir Derivatives. Part A: Halo, Hydroxy, Epoxy, Mercapto, Carboxy and OxoFunctionalized Acids (R. Edmundson). The Synthesis of Functionalized Phosphinic and Phosphonic Acids andTheir Derivatives. Part B: Diazo, Nitro and Amino Functionalized Acids (R.Edmundson). The Synthesis and Reactions of Thio-and Seleno-Phosphonic andPhosphinic Acids (R. Edmundson). Acyl Phosphonates and their Derivatives (E. Breuer). Gas-Phase Positive and Negative Ion Chemistry of OrganophosphorusCompounds via Mass Spectrometric Techniques (R. O'Hair). Biological Activity of Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acids (A. Kalir& H. Kalir). The Chemistry of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents (R. Black& J. Harrison). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisCorrelating chemical structure with toxicity to humans and the environment, and the chemical structure of compounds to their hazardous properties, A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances, 3rd Edition allows users to assess the toxicity of a substance even when no experimental data exists.Trade Review"…recommended for bookshelves in facility's health and safety office as well as in the laboratory." (Journal of Chemical Health and Safety) "This is a very comprehensive book containing much useful information (data and tables) which will enable those with a chemistry background to perform assessments of the hazards of chemical substances without prior data." (Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, January 2008) "…a valuable resource to scientists as well as to laymen interested in chemicals, their properties and their hazards." (Journal of Hazardous Materials, October 22, 2007)Table of ContentsPreface xix Preface to the First Edition xxi Acknowledgments xxiii PART A 1 I. Introduction 3 II. Glossary 6 III. Physical Properties of Compounds and Hazardous Characteristics 9 IV. Toxic Properties of Chemical Substances 17 V. Target Organs and Toxicology 26 VI. Cancer-Causing Chemicals 40 VII. Teratogenic Substances 45 VIII. Habit-Forming Addictive Substances 49 IX. Flammable and Combustible Properties of Chemical Substances 65 X. Explosive Characteristics of Chemical Substances 71 XI. Peroxide-Forming Substances 76 XII. Chemical Warfare Agents 79 XIII. Biological Warfare Agents and Bioterrorism 90 PART B 103 Chapter 1 Acids, Carboxylic 105 Chapter 2 Acids, Mineral 115 Chapter 3 Acids, Peroxy 127 Chapter 4 Alcohols 134 Chapter 5 Aldehydes 160 Chapter 6 Alkalies 193 Chapter 7 Alkaloids 200 Chapter 8 Amines, Aliphatic 235 Chapter 9 Amines, Aromatic 251 Chapter 10 Asbestos 269 Chapter 11 Azo Dyes 277 Chapter 12 Chlorohydrins 286 Chapter 13 Cyanides, Organic (Nitriles) 294 Chapter 14 Cyanides, Inorganic 317 Chapter 15 Dioxin and Related Compounds 336 Chapter 16 Epoxy Compounds 348 Chapter 17 Esters 370 Chapter 18 Ethers 390 Chapter 19 Gases, Common Toxic, and Flammable 402 Chapter 20 Glycol Ethers 410 Chapter 21 Haloethers 425 Chapter 22 Halogenated Hydrocarbons 438 Chapter 23 Halogens, Halogen Oxides, and Interhalogen Compounds 470 Chapter 24 Heterocyclic Compounds 484 Chapter 25 Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic and Alicyclic 496 Chapter 26 Hydrocarbons, Aromatic 516 Chapter 27 Industrial Solvents 537 Chapter 28 Isocyanates, Organic 551 Chapter 29 Ketones 568 Chapter 30 Metal Acetylides and Fulminates 592 Chapter 31 Metal Alkoxides 598 Chapter 32 Metal Alkyls 602 Chapter 33 Metal Azides 613 Chapter 34 Metal Carbonyls 622 Chapter 35 Metal Hydrides 630 Chapter 36 Metals, Reactive 643 Chapter 37 Metals, Toxic 650 Chapter 38 Mustard Gas and Sulfur Mustards 669 Chapter 39 Nerve Gases 674 Chapter 40 Nitro Explosives 691 Chapter 41 Oxidizers 704 Chapter 42 Particulates 715 Chapter 43 Peroxides, Organic 719 Chapter 44 Pesticides and Herbicides: Classification, Structure, and Analysis 741 Chapter 45 Pesticides, Carbamate 746 Chapter 46 Pesticides, Organochlorine 762 Chapter 47 Pesticides, Organophosphorus 782 Chapter 48 Herbicides, Chlorophenoxy Acid 804 Chapter 49 Herbicides, Triazine 811 Chapter 50 Herbicides, Urea 817 Chapter 51 Phenols 821 Chapter 52 Phosphorus and Its Compounds 834 Chapter 53 Polychlorinated Biphenyls 854 Chapter 54 Radon and Radioactive Substances 863 Chapter 55 Sulfate Esters 867 Chapter 56 Sulfur-Containing Organics (Miscellaneous) 872 Chapter 57 Miscellaneous Substances 882 Appendix A Federal Regulations 899 Appendix B IARC List of Carcinogenic Agents (Update 2006) 916 Appendix C NTP List of Carcinogens (2004) 11th Annual Report 937 Chemical Substances–CAS Registry Number Index 945 CAS Registry Number–Chemical Substances Index 1015 Subject Index 1045

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Book SynopsisIn Chemical Heroes Andrew Bickford analyzes the US military''s attempts to design performance enhancement technologies and create pharmacological 'supersoldiers' capable of withstanding extreme trauma. Bickford traces the deep history of efforts to biologically fortify and extend the health and lethal power of soldiers from the Cold War era into the twenty-first century, from early adoptions of mandatory immunizations to bio-protective gear, to the development and spread of new performance enhancing drugs during the global War on Terrorism. In his examination of government efforts to alter soldiers'' bodies through new technologies, Bickford invites us to contemplate what constitutes heroism when armor becomes built in, wired in, and even edited into the molecular being of an American soldier. Lurking in the background and dark recesses of all US military enhancement research, Bickford demonstrates, is the desire to preserve US military and imperial power.Trade Review“In exploring projects fantastical and frightening in their forms of intervention and enhancement, Andrew Bickford offers important insights into not only the US military's efforts to fortify the bodies and minds of its service members but also what it means to go to war on a twenty-first-century global battlefield.” -- Sarah Wagner, author of * What Remains: Bringing America’s Missing Home from the Vietnam War *“Andrew Bickford presents a mind-blowing array of technological and pharmacological innovations that promise to deliver the next stage of human warriors while raising the possibility that many of these innovations may unleash new nightmares. Drawing out the themes of utopian promises and dystopian realities, Chemical Heroes makes a significant theoretical contribution to anthropology and critical studies of the military that should be broadly read, discussed, and taught by anthropologists, political scientists, sociologists, psychologists, and others working in peace and conflict studies.” -- David H. Price, author of * Cold War Anthropology: The CIA, the Pentagon, and the Growth of Dual Use Anthropology *“Chemical Heroes describes decades of efforts by the US military to go beyond armoring soldiers from external attack by remaking soldiers’ bodies in ways that let them remain in combat for ever-longer periods of time.... Chemical Heroes lets readers see into the military’s fantasy world.” -- Richard Lachmann * Social Forces *"[Chemical Heroes] is a significant contribution to military studies in anthropology, sociology, and political science, supplemented with tables, diagrams, illustrations, and direct quotations from military documents and research." -- G. B. Osborne * Choice *“Chemical Heroes breaks new ground by exploring military innovation as a site of anxious preemption and dead­ly play, highlighting its contradictions, tensions, and nervous state in the robust tradition of anthropological work on militarization and US empire. The book provides a set of tools that will be valuable to students and scholars alike.” -- Jocelyn Lim Chua * Anthropological Quarterly *“Those interested in a detailed history of the development of military biomedical interventions will be quite pleased. . . . Scholars of peace and conflict studies, biomedicine, technology, and labor will be well served by Bickford’s detailed work.” -- Jesse Wozniak * Contemporary Sociology *“Vivid accounts, along with the author’s lucid, unpretentious, and conversational style and wonderful photo illustrations, will make it appealing to undergraduate and graduate students alike. . . . [Chemical Heroes] will be required reading for anyone interested in the militarization of American life.” -- Roberto J. González * Current Anthropology *“Chemical Heroes is an important and deeply researched archive of information regarding the U.S. military’s vision for the future. . . . The book is simultaneously technical and readable and will contribute to critical military studies, science and technology studies, as well as the anthropology of the body.” -- Christopher Webb * Medical Anthropology Quarterly *Table of ContentsTerms and Abbreviations ix Acknowledgments xiii Prologue: Supersoldier Bob Writes Home xvii Introduction: Chemical Heroes 1 Part I. Thematic Framings 1. "Innovation at the Speed of Change": War, Anticipation, Imagination 37 2. The Superman Solution: The New Man, Superheroes, and the Supersoldier 56 3. Government (T)Issue: Military Medicine, Performance Enhancement, and the Biology of the Soldier 75 Part II. Early Imaginaries of the US Supersolder 4. "Science Will Modernize Him": The Soldier of the Futurearmy 103 5. "A Biological Armor for the Soldier": Idiophylaxis and the Self-Armoring Soldier 111 Part III. Imagining the Modern US Supersoldier 6. "The Force Is With You": An Army of One to the Future Force Warrior 147 7. Molecular Militarization: War, Drugs, and the Structures of Unfeeling 180 8. "Kill-Proofing the Soldier": Inner Armor, Environmental Threats, and the World as Battlefield 216 9. "Catastrophic Success": Back to the Futurarmy 239 10. Natural Cowards, Chemical Heroes 245 Works Cited 259 Index 285

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Book SynopsisPersonal protective equipment (PPE) is critical for those dealing with toxic, infectious, and radioactive materials. An easily accessible guide for professionals and researchers in all PPE fields, this book takes a fresh look at how PPE is designed, selected, and used in today''s emergency response environment where users may need to be protected against deliberately used chemical, biological, or radiological agents in terrorism or warfare scenarios as well as more traditional hazards. Covering the physics, chemistry, and physiology of these hazards, the book explains how PPE protects from various forms of hazards as well as how to use this information to select PPE against these highly hazardous substances for first responder or military users. The design of PPE and components plus relevant performance and evaluation standards are also discussed.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements iv Table of contents v List of figures xvi List of tables xx List of abbreviations and acronyms xxiv 1 Introduction to CBRN protection 27 1.1 What is CBRN PPE and why is it used? 27 1.2 What are CBRN agents? 28 1.3 Context of use as it relates to design, selection and performance 31 1.4 Acquiring equipment 32 2 Hazardous substances 39 2.1 General overview of agents 39 2.2 Dose and exposure 40 2.3 Routes of entry 40 2.4 Forms of agent leading to exposure 44 2.5 Effects of hazardous materials 47 2.6 Chemical hazards 48 2.7 Biological hazards 54 2.8 Radiological/nuclear agents 68 2.9 Summary of dissemination of CBRN agents 72 3 Setting high-level requirements 76 3.1 Defining concepts of operations 76 3.2 Military operations 77 3.3 Domestic response 79 3.4 Hazard assessment 83 3.5 Exposure limits 90 3.6 Human factors and task requirements 101 3.7 Examples of high-level requirements development discussions 103 4 Designing for appropriate protection and performance 108 4.1 The hazard 108 4.2 Mechanisms of protection 111 4.3 Human factors 121 4.4 The environment 131 4.5 Materials and their selection 132 4.6 System Design 153 4.7 Modeling of performance and human physiology 169 5 Protective equipment: Concepts, components and systems 175 5.1 Terminology 175 5.2 Concepts of use 175 5.3 Respiratory protective devices 176 5.4 Dermal protective equipment (clothing) 194 6 Performance evaluation and standard test methods 207 6.1 Test selection as determined by life cycle phase 207 6.2 Issues that may prevent effective evaluations 209 6.3 Selection of test conditions 211 6.4 Designing methods and setting criteria 231 6.5 Sources of methods 245 6.6 Preconditioning and pretreating 246 6.7 Physical properties and survivability 248 6.8 CBRN performance 264 6.9 Human factors 286 7 Selection and use of PPE 303 7.1 Operational requirements 303 7.2 Expected levels of performance from various styles of equipment 305 7.3 Performance and selection standards and regulations 315 Bibliography 336 Index 374

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Book SynopsisThe expanded seventh edition, complete with new materials and updated information on existing materials for chemical protective clothing The revised and updated seventh edition of Quick Selection Guide to Chemical Protective Clothing contains the most recent information on the selection, use, and care of chemical protective clothing, such as protective gloves, suits, and other garments. The seventh edition includes new selection recommendations, new materials and chemicals tested, and updated information on existing products. This accessible guide also contains the popular color-coded selection grid. The grid system indicates which materials offer protection against specific chemicals, and which do not. Selecting the most appropriate chemical protective clothing is essential for the prevention of illnesses and injures from hazardous chemical exposure, especially where other control measures are not feasible. Written by noted experts on the topic, thTable of ContentsImportant Instructions and Limitations vii Preface ix Section I Introduction to the Quick Selection Process 1 How to Use This Guide 1 Section II Selection and Use of Chemical Protective Clothing 5 Chemical Resistance of Protective Clothing: What Does It Mean and How to Evaluate It 5 Standards and Requirements Related to CPCs 10 The Selection Process 16 Correct Use, Care, Maintenance, and Disposal of CPCs 25 Checklist for Selection, Use, Care and Maintenance, and Disposal of Chemical Protective Clothing 29 Section III Chemical Index 31 Chemical Class Numbers 31 Chemical Names 32 Synonyms 32 Chemical Abstract Service Number: CAS # 32 Risk Codes 33 Chemical Warfare Agents 35 Section IV Selection Recommendations 107 Color Codes Used in the Tables 107 Introduction to the Trade Name Table 109 Barriers Related to the Master Chemical Resistance Table 122 Master Chemical Resistance Table 126 Section V Glossary 267 Section VI Standards for Chemical Protective Clothing 283 Section VII Manufacturers of Chemical Protective Clothing 291 Introduction 291

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThe Birth of Psychological War explores the history, politics, and geography of United States psychological warfare in the 20th century against the backdrop of the contemporary ''post-truth era''. From its origins in the Second World War, to the United States'' counterinsurgency campaigns in Vietnam, Whyte traces how the theory and practice of psychological warfare transformed the relationship between the home front and theatres of war. Whyte interrogates the broader political mythologies that animate popular conceptions of psychological war, such as its claim to make war more humane and less violent.On the contrary, The Birth of Psychological War demonstrates the role of psychological warfare in expanding the scope and scale of military violence amidst ostensible efforts to ''win hearts and minds''. While casting a critical eye on psychological warfare, Whyte establishes its continued significance for the contemporary student of international relations.Trade ReviewJeffrey Whyte's The Birth of Psychological Warfare is an excellent example of what Foucault called the 'history of the present'. Whyte provides a fascinating and detailed historical study of the development of psychological warfare and its connection to contemporary concerns around disinformation and cybersecurity. * Stuart Elden, Professor of Political Theory and Geography, Warwick University *Table of ContentsList of Figures Introduction 1: 'A New Geography of Defence' 2: Truth, Territory, Terror 3: Covert Crusade 4: Psywar in Vietnam Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn Chemical Heroes Andrew Bickford analyzes the US military''s attempts to design performance enhancement technologies and create pharmacological 'supersoldiers' capable of withstanding extreme trauma. Bickford traces the deep history of efforts to biologically fortify and extend the health and lethal power of soldiers from the Cold War era into the twenty-first century, from early adoptions of mandatory immunizations to bio-protective gear, to the development and spread of new performance enhancing drugs during the global War on Terrorism. In his examination of government efforts to alter soldiers'' bodies through new technologies, Bickford invites us to contemplate what constitutes heroism when armor becomes built in, wired in, and even edited into the molecular being of an American soldier. Lurking in the background and dark recesses of all US military enhancement research, Bickford demonstrates, is the desire to preserve US military and imperial power.Trade Review“In exploring projects fantastical and frightening in their forms of intervention and enhancement, Andrew Bickford offers important insights into not only the US military's efforts to fortify the bodies and minds of its service members but also what it means to go to war on a twenty-first-century global battlefield.” -- Sarah Wagner, author of * What Remains: Bringing America’s Missing Home from the Vietnam War *“Andrew Bickford presents a mind-blowing array of technological and pharmacological innovations that promise to deliver the next stage of human warriors while raising the possibility that many of these innovations may unleash new nightmares. Drawing out the themes of utopian promises and dystopian realities, Chemical Heroes makes a significant theoretical contribution to anthropology and critical studies of the military that should be broadly read, discussed, and taught by anthropologists, political scientists, sociologists, psychologists, and others working in peace and conflict studies.” -- David H. Price, author of * Cold War Anthropology: The CIA, the Pentagon, and the Growth of Dual Use Anthropology *“Chemical Heroes describes decades of efforts by the US military to go beyond armoring soldiers from external attack by remaking soldiers’ bodies in ways that let them remain in combat for ever-longer periods of time.... Chemical Heroes lets readers see into the military’s fantasy world.” -- Richard Lachmann * Social Forces *"[Chemical Heroes] is a significant contribution to military studies in anthropology, sociology, and political science, supplemented with tables, diagrams, illustrations, and direct quotations from military documents and research." -- G. B. Osborne * Choice *“Chemical Heroes breaks new ground by exploring military innovation as a site of anxious preemption and dead­ly play, highlighting its contradictions, tensions, and nervous state in the robust tradition of anthropological work on militarization and US empire. The book provides a set of tools that will be valuable to students and scholars alike.” -- Jocelyn Lim Chua * Anthropological Quarterly *“Those interested in a detailed history of the development of military biomedical interventions will be quite pleased. . . . Scholars of peace and conflict studies, biomedicine, technology, and labor will be well served by Bickford’s detailed work.” -- Jesse Wozniak * Contemporary Sociology *“Vivid accounts, along with the author’s lucid, unpretentious, and conversational style and wonderful photo illustrations, will make it appealing to undergraduate and graduate students alike. . . . [Chemical Heroes] will be required reading for anyone interested in the militarization of American life.” -- Roberto J. González * Current Anthropology *“Chemical Heroes is an important and deeply researched archive of information regarding the U.S. military’s vision for the future. . . . The book is simultaneously technical and readable and will contribute to critical military studies, science and technology studies, as well as the anthropology of the body.” -- Christopher Webb * Medical Anthropology Quarterly *Table of ContentsTerms and Abbreviations ix Acknowledgments xiii Prologue: Supersoldier Bob Writes Home xvii Introduction: Chemical Heroes 1 Part I. Thematic Framings 1. "Innovation at the Speed of Change": War, Anticipation, Imagination 37 2. The Superman Solution: The New Man, Superheroes, and the Supersoldier 56 3. Government (T)Issue: Military Medicine, Performance Enhancement, and the Biology of the Soldier 75 Part II. Early Imaginaries of the US Supersolder 4. "Science Will Modernize Him": The Soldier of the Futurearmy 103 5. "A Biological Armor for the Soldier": Idiophylaxis and the Self-Armoring Soldier 111 Part III. Imagining the Modern US Supersoldier 6. "The Force Is With You": An Army of One to the Future Force Warrior 147 7. Molecular Militarization: War, Drugs, and the Structures of Unfeeling 180 8. "Kill-Proofing the Soldier": Inner Armor, Environmental Threats, and the World as Battlefield 216 9. "Catastrophic Success": Back to the Futurarmy 239 10. Natural Cowards, Chemical Heroes 245 Works Cited 259 Index 285

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Book SynopsisChemicals that are listed in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) are detected and identified using different analytical procedures. These sample collection methods and sample preparation procedures are thoroughly described in this book.Trade Review"…this book would be a significant addition to collections serving analytical and environmental chemistry research and teaching, as well as to...those interested in weapons proliferation issues." (E-STREAMS, June 2006)Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Preface. Chapter 1: Introduction (Markku Mesilaakso). Chapter 2: Sampling and Analysis in the Chemical Weapons Convention and the OPCW Mobile Laboratory (Stefan Mogl). Chapter 3: On-site Analysis by the Inspection Team. Sampling, Analysis, Equipment, Procedures and Strategies (Sabine Kruger). Chapter 4: The OPCW Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer for On-site Analysis. Instrumentation, AMDIS Software and Preparations for Use (Mieczyslaw Sokolowski). Chapter 5: Hazardous Environment Monitoring (George M. Murray and David S. Lawrence). Chapter 6: A Comprehensive Review of the Official OPCW Proficiency Test (Jeanet Hendrikse). Chapter 7: The OPCW Central Analytical Database (Charles Nyanyira). Chapter 8: Analysis Strategy for Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention in an Off-site Laboratory (Markku Mesilaakso). Chapter 9: Sample Preparation for Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention in an Off-site Laboratory (Marja-Leena Kuitunen). Chapter 10: Gas Chromatography in Screening of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (Olli Kostiainen). Chapter 11: Gas Chromatography/MassSpectrometry in Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (Eric R. J. Wils). Chapter 12: Liquid Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry in Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (R. M. Black and R. W. Read). Chapter 13: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (Markku Mesilaakso and Andreas Niederhauser). Chapter 14: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (Martin T. Soderstrom). Chapter 15: Capillary Electrophoresis in Analysis of Chemicals Related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (Jeremy E. Melanson and Camille A. Boulet). Chapter 16: Methods for the Retrospective Detection of Exposure to Toxic Scheduled Chemicals. Part A: Analysis of Free Metabolites (R. M. Black and D. Noort). Chapter 17: Methods for Retrospective Detection of Exposure to Toxic Scheduled Chemicals. Part B: Mass Spectrometric and Immunochemical Analysis of Covalent Adducts to Proteins and DNA (D. Noort and R. M. Black). Index.

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