Description

Book Synopsis


Table of Contents
Table of Contents Volume 1
  • Applications List
  • Preface
  • To Students
  • Use of Color
  1. Introduction, Measurement, Estimating
    • 1–1 How Science Works
    • 1–2 Models, Theories, and Laws
    • 1–3 Measurement and Uncertainty; Significant Figures
    • 1–4 Units, Standards, and the SI System
    • 1–5 Converting Units
    • 1–6 Order of Magnitude: Rapid Estimating
    • *1–7 Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  2. Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension
    • 2–1 Reference Frames and Displacement
    • 2–2 Average Velocity
    • 2–3 Instantaneous Velocity
    • 2–4 Acceleration
    • 2–5 Motion at Constant Acceleration
    • 2–6 Solving Problems
    • 2–7 Freely Falling Objects
    • *2–8 Variable Acceleration; Integral Calculus
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  3. Kinematics in Two or Three Dimensions; Vectors
    • 3–1 Vectors and Scalars
    • 3–2 Addition of Vectors—Graphical Methods
    • 3–3 Subtraction of Vectors, and Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar
    • 3–4 Adding Vectors by Components
    • 3–5 Unit Vectors
    • 3–6 Vector Kinematics
    • 3–7 Projectile Motion
    • 3–8 Solving Problems Involving Projectile Motion
    • 3–9 Relative Velocity
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  4. Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion
    • 4–1 Force
    • 4–2 Newton’s First Law of Motion
    • 4–3 Mass
    • 4–4 Newton’s Second Law of Motion
    • 4–5 Newton’s Third Law of Motion
    • 4–6 Weight—the Force of Gravity; and the Normal Force
    • 4–7 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws: Free-Body Diagrams
    • 4–8 Problem Solving—A General Approach
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  5. Using Newton’s Laws: Friction, Circular Motion, Drag Forces
    • 5–1 Using Newton’s Laws with Friction
    • 5–2 Uniform Circular Motion—Kinematics
    • 5–3 Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion
    • 5–4 Highway Curves: Banked and Unbanked
    • 5–5 Nonuniform Circular Motion
    • *5–6 Velocity-Dependent Forces: Drag and Terminal Velocity
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  6. Gravitation and Newton’s Synthesis
    • 6–1 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
    • 6–2 Vector Form of Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
    • 6–3 Gravity Near the Earth’s Surface
    • 6–4 Satellites and “Weightlessness”
    • 6–5 Planets, Kepler’s Laws, and Newton’s Synthesis
    • 6–6 Moon Rises an Hour Later Each Day
    • 6–7 Types of Forces in Nature
    • *6–8 Gravitational Field
    • *6–9 Principle of Equivalence; Curvature of Space; Black Holes
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  7. Work and Energy
    • 7–1 Work Done by a Constant Force
    • 7–2 Scalar Product of Two Vectors
    • 7–3 Work Done by a Varying Force
    • 7–4 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Principle
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  8. Conservation of Energy
    • 8–1 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces
    • 8–2 Potential Energy
    • 8–3 Mechanical Energy and Its Conservation
    • 8–4 Problem Solving Using Conservation of Mechanical Energy
    • 8–5 The Law of Conservation of Energy
    • 8–6 Energy Conservation with Dissipative Forces: Solving Problems
    • 8–7 Gravitational Potential Energy and Escape Velocity
    • 8–8 Power
    • 8–9 Potential Energy Diagrams; Stable and Unstable Equilibrium
    • *8–10 Gravitational Assist (Slingshot)
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  9. Linear Momentum
    • 9–1 Momentum and Its Relation to Force
    • 9–2 Conservation of Momentum
    • 9–3 Collisions and Impulse
    • 9–4 Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collisions
    • 9–5 Elastic Collisions in One Dimension
    • 9–6 Inelastic Collisions
    • 9–7 Collisions in 2 or 3 Dimensions
    • 9–8 Center of Mass (CM)
    • 9–9 Center of Mass and Translational Motion
    • *9–10 Systems of Variable Mass; Rocket Propulsion
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  10. Rotational Motion
    • 10–1 Angular Quantities
    • 10–2 Vector Nature of Angular Quantities
    • 10–3 Constant Angular Acceleration
    • 10–4 Torque
    • 10–5 Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia
    • 10–6 Solving Problems in Rotational Dynamics
    • 10–7 Determining Moments of Inertia
    • 10–8 Rotational Kinetic Energy
    • 10–9 Rotation plus Translational Motion; Rolling
    • *10–10 Why Does a Rolling Sphere Slow Down?
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  11. Angular Momentum; General Rotation
    • 11–1 Angular Momentum—Objects Rotating About a Fixed Axis
    • 11–2 Vector Cross Product; Torque as a Vector
    • 11–3 Angular Momentum of a Particle
    • 11–4 Angular Momentum and Torque for a System of Particles; General Motion
    • 11–5 Angular Momentum and Torque for a Rigid Object
    • 11–6 Conservation of Angular Momentum
    • *11–7 The Spinning Top and Gyroscope
    • 11–8 Rotating Frames of Reference; Inertial Forces
    • *11–9 The Coriolis Effect
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  12. Static Equilibrium; Elasticity and Fracture
    • 12–1 The Conditions for Equilibrium
    • 12–2 Solving Statics Problems
    • *12–3 Applications to Muscles and Joints
    • 12–4 Stability and Balance
    • 12–5 Elasticity; Stress and Strain
    • 12–6 Fracture
    • *12–7 Trusses and Bridges
    • *12–8 Arches and Domes
  13. Fluids
    • 13–1 Phases of Matter
    • 13–2 Density and Specif ic Gravity
    • 13–3 Pressure in Fluids
    • 13–4 Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure
    • 13–5 Pascal’s Principle
    • 13–6 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the Barometer
    • 13–7 Buoyancy and Archimedes’ Principle
    • 13–8 Fluids in Motion; Flow Rate and the Equation of Continuity
    • 13–9 Bernoulli’s Equation
    • 13–10 Applications of Bernoulli’s Principle: Torricelli, Airplanes, Baseballs, Blood Flow
    • 13–11 Viscosity
    • *13–12 Flow in Tubes: Poiseuille’s Equation, Blood Flow
    • *13–13 Surface Tension and Capillarity
    • *13–14 Pumps, and the Heart
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  14. Oscillations
    • 14–1 Oscillations of a Spring
    • 14–2 Simple Harmonic Motion
    • 14–3 Energy in the Simple Harmonic Oscillator
    • 14–4 Simple Harmonic Motion Related to Uniform Circular Motion
    • 14–5 The Simple Pendulum
    • *14–6 The Physical Pendulum and the Torsion Pendulum
    • 14–7 Damped Harmonic Motion
    • 14–8 Forced Oscillations; Resonance
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  15. Wave Motion
    • 15–1 Characteristics of Wave Motion
    • 15–2 Types of Waves: Transverse and Longitudinal
    • 15–3 Energy Transported by Waves
    • 15–4 Mathematical Representation of a Traveling Wave
    • *15–5 The Wave Equation
    • 15–6 The Principle of Superposition
    • 15–7 Reflection and Transmission
    • 15–8 Interference
    • 15–9 Standing Waves; Resonance
    • 15–10 Refraction
    • 15–11 Diffraction
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  16. Sound
    • 16–1 Characteristics of Sound
    • 16–2 Mathematical Representation of Longitudinal Waves
    • 16–3 Intensity of Sound: Decibels
    • 16–4 Sources of Sound: Vibrating Strings and Air Columns
    • *16–5 Quality of Sound, and Noise; Superposition
    • 16–6 Interference of Sound Waves; Beats
    • 16–7 Doppler Effect
    • *16–8 Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom
    • *16–9 Applications: Sonar, Ultrasound, and Medical Imaging
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  17. Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and the Ideal Gas Law
    • 17–1 Atomic Theory of Matter
    • 17–2 Temperature and Thermometers
    • 17–3 Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
    • 17–4 Thermal Expansion
    • *17–5 Thermal Stresses
    • 17–6 The Gas Laws and Absolute Temperature
    • 17–7 The Ideal Gas Law
    • 17–8 Problem Solving with the Ideal Gas Law
    • 17–9 Ideal Gas Law in Terms of Molecules: Avogadro’s Number
    • *17–10 Ideal Gas Temperature Scale—a Standard
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  18. Kinetic Theory of Gases
    • 18–1 The Ideal Gas Law and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature
    • 18–2 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
    • 18–3 Real Gases and Changes of Phase
    • 18–4 Vapor Pressure and Humidity
    • 18–5 Temperature Decrease of Boiling Water with Altitude
    • 18–6 Van der Waals Equation of State
    • 18–7 Mean Free Path
    • 18–8 Diffusion
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  19. Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics
    • 19–1 Heat as Energy Transfer
    • 19–2 Internal Energy
    • 19–3 Specific Heat
    • 19–4 Calorimetry—Solving Problems
    • 19–5 Latent Heat
    • 19–6 The First Law of Thermodynamics
    • 19–7 Thermodynamic Processes and the First Law
    • 19–8 Molar Specific Heats for Gases, and the Equipartition of Energy
    • 19–9 Adiabatic Expansion of a Gas
    • 19–10 Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  20. Second Law of Thermodynamics
    • 20–1 The Second Law of Thermodynamics—Introduction
    • 20–2 Heat Engines
    • 20–3 The Carnot Engine; Reversible and Irreversible Processes
    • 20–4 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps
    • 20–5 Entropy
    • 20–6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
    • 20–7 Order to Disorder
    • 20–8 Unavailability of Energy; Heat Death
    • 20–9 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law
    • *20–10 Thermodynamic Temperature; Third Law of Thermodynamics
    • 20–11 Thermal Pollution, Global Warming, and Energy Resources
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
Appendices
  1. Mathematical Formulas
  2. Derivatives and Integrals
  3. Numerical Integration
  4. More on Dimensional Analysis
  5. Gravitational Force Due to a Spherical Mass Distribution
  6. Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
  7. Selected Isotopes
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index Photo Credits Contents Volume 2
  • Applications List
  • Preface
  • To Students
  • Use of Color
  1. Electric Charge and Electric Field
    • 21–1 Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation
    • 21–2 Electric Charge in the Atom
    • 21–3 Insulators and Conductors
    • 21–4 Induced Charge; the Electroscope
    • 21–5 Coulomb’s Law
    • 21–6 The Electric Field
    • 21–7 Electric Field Calculations for Continuous Charge Distributions
    • 21–8 Field Lines
    • 21–9 Electric Fields and Conductors
    • 21–10 Motion of a Charged Particle in an Electric Field
    • 21–11 Electric Dipoles
    • *21–12 Electric Forces in Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Replication
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  2. Gauss’s Law
    • 22–1 Electric Flux
    • 22–2 Gauss’s Law
    • 22–3 Applications of Gauss’s Law
    • *22–4 Experimental Basis of Gauss’s and Coulomb’s Laws
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  3. Electric Potential
    • 23–1 Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference
    • 23–2 Relation between Electric Potential and Electric Field
    • 23–3 Electric Potential Due to Point Charges
    • 23–4 Potential Due to Any Charge Distribution
    • 23–5 Equipotential Lines and Surfaces
    • 23–6 Potential Due to Electric Dipole; Dipole Moment
    • 23–7 E → Determined from V
    • 23–8 Electrostatic Potential Energy; the Electron Volt
    • 23–9 Digital; Binary Numbers; Signal Voltage
    • *23–10 TV and Computer Monitors
    • *23–11 Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  4. Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage
    • 24–1 Capacitors
    • 24–2 Determination of Capacitance
    • 24–3 Capacitors in Series and Parallel
    • 24–4 Storage of Electric Energy
    • 24–5 Dielectrics
    • *24–6 Molecular Description of Dielectrics
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  5. Electric Currents and Resistance
    • 25–1 The Electric Battery
    • 25–2 Electric Current
    • 25–3 Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Resistors
    • 25–4 Resistivity
    • 25–5 Electric Power
    • 25–6 Power in Household Circuits
    • 25–7 Alternating Current
    • 25–8 Microscopic View of Electric Current
    • *25–9 Superconductivity
    • *25–10 Electrical Conduction in the Human Nervous System
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  6. DC Circuits
    • 26–1 EMF and Terminal Voltage
    • 26–2 Resistors in Series and in Parallel
    • 26–3 Kirchhoff’s Rules
    • 26–4 EMFs in Series and in Parallel; Charging a Battery
    • 26–5 RC Circuits—Resistor and Capacitor in Series
    • 26–6 Electric Hazards and Safety
    • 26–7 Ammeters and Voltmeters—Measurement Affects the Quantity Being Measured
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  7. Magnetism
    • 27–1 Magnets and Magnetic Fields
    • 27–2 Electric Currents Produce Magnetic Fields
    • 27–3 Force on an Electric Current in a Magnetic Field; Definition of B →
    • 27–4 Force on an Electric Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field
    • 27–5 Torque on a Current Loop; Magnetic Dipole Moment
    • 27–6 Applications: Motors, Loudspeakers, Galvanometers
    • 27–7 Discovery and Properties of the Electron
    • 27–8 The Hall Effect
    • 27–9 Mass Spectrometer
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  8. Sources of Magnetic Field
    • 28–1 Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire
    • 28–2 Force between Two Parallel Wires
    • 28–3 Definitions of the Ampere and the Coulomb
    • 28–4 Ampère’s Law
    • 28–5 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid and a Toroid
    • 28–6 Biot-Savart Law
    • 28–7 Magnetic Field Due to a Single Moving Charge
    • 28–8 Magnetic Materials—Ferromagnetism
    • 28–9 Electromagnets and Solenoids—Applications
    • 28–10 Magnetic Fields in Magnetic Materials; Hysteresis
    • *28–11 Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  9. Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday’s Law
    • 29–1 Induced EMF
    • 29–2 Faraday’s Law of Induction; Lenz’s Law
    • 29–3 EMF Induced in a Moving Conductor
    • 29–4 Electric Generators
    • 29–5 Back EMF and Counter Torque; Eddy Currents
    • 29–6 Transformers and Transmission of Power
    • 29–7 A Changing Magnetic Flux Produces an Electric Field
    • *29–8 Information Storage: Magnetic and Semiconductor; Tape, Hard Drive, RAM
    • *29–9 Applications of Induction: Microphone, Seismograph, GFCI
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  10. Inductance, Electromagnetic Oscillations, and AC Circuits
    • 30–1 Mutual Inductance
    • 30–2 Self-Inductance; Inductors
    • 30–3 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field
    • 30–4 LR Circuits
    • 30–5 LC Circuits and Electromagnetic Oscillations
    • 30–6 LC Oscillations with Resistance (LRC Circuit)
    • 30–7 AC Circuits and Reactance
    • 30–8 LRC Series AC Circuit; Phasor Diagrams
    • 30–9 Resonance in AC Circuits
    • 30–10 Impedance Matching
    • *30–11 Three-Phase AC
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  11. Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
    • 31–1 Changing Electric Fields Produce Magnetic Fields; Displacement Current
    • 31–2 Gauss’s Law for Magnetism
    • 31–3 Maxwell’s Equations
    • 31–4 Production of Electromagnetic Waves
    • 31–5 Electromagnetic Waves, and Their Speed, Derived from Maxwell’s Equations
    • 31–6 Light as an Electromagnetic Wave and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
    • 31–7 Measuring the Speed of Light
    • 31–8 Energy in EM Waves; the Poynting Vector
    • 31–9 Radiation Pressure
    • 31–10 Radio and Television; Wireless Communication
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  12. Light: Reflection and Refraction
    • 32–1 The Ray Model of Light
    • 32–2 Reflection; Image Formation by a Plane Mirror
    • 32–3 Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors
    • 32–4 Index of Refraction
    • 32–5 Refraction: Snell’s Law
    • 32–6 The Visible Spectrum and Dispersion
    • 32–7 Total Internal Reflection; Fiber Optics
    • *32–8 Refraction at a Spherical Surface
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  13. Lenses and Optical Instruments
    • 33–1 Thin Lenses; Ray Tracing and Focal Length
    • 33–2 The Thin Lens Equation
    • 33–3 Combinations of Lenses
    • *33–4 Lensmaker’s Equation
    • 33–5 Cameras: Film and Digital
    • 33–6 The Human Eye; Corrective Lenses
    • 33–7 Magnifying Glass
    • 33–8 Telescopes
    • 33–9 Compound Microscope
    • 33–10 Aberrations of Lenses and Mirrors
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  14. The Wave Nature of Light: Interference and Polarization
    • 34–1 Waves vs. Particles; Huygens’ Principle and Diffraction
    • 34–2 Huygens’ Principle and the Law of Refraction
    • 34–3 Interference-Young’s Double-Slit Experiment
    • 34–4 Intensity in the Double-Slit Interference Pattern
    • 34–5 Interference in Thin Films
    • 34–6 Michelson Interferometer
    • 34–7 Polarization
    • *34–8 Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)
    • *34–9 Scattering of Light by the Atmosphere
    • *34–10 Brightness, in Lumens
    • *34–11 Efficiency of Lightbulbs
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  15. Diffraction
    • 35–1 Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk
    • *35–2 Intensity in Single-Slit Diffraction Pattern
    • *35–3 Diffraction in the Double-Slit Experiment
    • 35–4 Limits of Resolution; Circular Apertures
    • 35–5 Resolution of Telescopes and Microscopes; the λ Limit
    • 35–6 Resolution of the Human Eye and Useful Magnification
    • 35–7 Diffraction Grating
    • 35–8 The Spectrometer and Spectroscopy
    • *35–9 Peak Widths and Resolving Power for a Diffraction Grating
    • 35–10 X-Rays and X-Ray Diffraction
    • *35–11 X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography (CT Scan)
    • *35–12 Specialty Microscopes and Contrast
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
Appendices
  1. Mathematical Formulas
  2. Derivatives and Integrals
  3. Numerical Integration
  4. More on Dimensional Analysis
  5. Gravitational Force Due to a Spherical Mass Distribution
  6. Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
  7. Selected Isotopes
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index Photo Credits Contents Volume 3
  • Applications List
  • Preface
  • To Students
  • Use of Color
  1. The Special Theory of Relativity
    • 36–1 Galilean-Newtonian Relativity
    • 36–2 The Michelson-Morley Experiment
    • 36–3 Postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity
    • 36–4 Simultaneity
    • 36–5 Time Dilation and the Twin Paradox
    • 36–6 Length Contraction
    • 36–7 Four-Dimensional Space-Time
    • 36–8 Galilean and Lorentz Transformations
    • 36–9 Relativistic Momentum
    • 36–10 The Ultimate Speed
    • 36–11 E = m c 2 ; Mass and Energy
    • *36–12 Doppler Shift for Light
    • 36–13 The Impact of Special Relativity
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  2. Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom
    • 37–1 Planck’s Quantum Hypothesis; Blackbody Radiation
    • 37–2 Photon Theory of Light and the Photoelectric Effect
    • 37–3 Energy, Mass, and Momentum of a Photon
    • 37–4 Compton Effect
    • 37–5 Photon Interactions; Pair Production
    • 37–6 Wave-Particle Duality; the Principle of Complementarity
    • 37–7 Wave Nature of Matter
    • 37–8 Electron Microscopes
    • 37–9 Early Models of the Atom
    • 37–10 Atomic Spectra: Key to the Structure of the Atom
    • 37–11 The Bohr Model
    • 37–12 de Broglie’s Hypothesis Applied to Atoms
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  3. Quantum Mechanics
    • 38–1 Quantum Mechanics—A New Theory
    • 38–2 The Wave Function and Its Interpretation; the Double-Slit Experiment
    • 38–3 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
    • 38–4 Philosophic Implications; Probability Versus Determinism
    • 38–5 The Schrödinger Equation in One Dimension—Time-Independent Form
    • *38–6 Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation
    • 38–7 Free Particles; Plane Waves and Wave Packets
    • 38–8 Particle in an Infinitely Deep Square Well Potential (a Rigid Box)
    • 38–9 Finite Potential Well
    • 38–10 Tunneling through a Barrier
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  4. Quantum Mechanics of Atoms
    • 39–1 Quantum-Mechanical View of Atoms
    • 39–2 Hydrogen Atom: Schrödinger Equation and Quantum Numbers
    • 39–3 Hydrogen Atom Wave Functions
    • 39–4 Multielectron Atoms; the Exclusion Principle
    • 39–5 Periodic Table of Elements
    • 39–6 X-Ray Spectra and Atomic Number
    • *39–7 Magnetic Dipole Moment; Total Angular Momentum
    • 39–8 Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
    • 39–9 Lasers
    • *39–10 Holography
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  5. Molecules and Solids
    • 40–1 Bonding in Molecules
    • 40–2 Potential-Energy Diagrams for Molecules
    • 40–3 Weak (van der Waals) Bonds
    • 40–4 Molecular Spectra
    • 40–5 Bonding in Solids
    • 40–6 Free-Electron Theory of Metals; Fermi Energy
    • 40–7 Band Theory of Solids
    • 40–8 Semiconductors and Doping
    • 40–9 Semiconductor Diodes, LEDs, OLEDs
    • 40–10 Transistors: Bipolar and MOSFETs
    • 40–11 Integrated Circuits, 10-nm Technology
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  6. Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
    • 41–1 Structure and Properties of the Nucleus
    • 41–2 Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces
    • 41–3 Radioactivity
    • 41–4 Alpha Decay
    • 41–5 Beta Decay
    • 41–6 Gamma Decay
    • 41–7 Conservation of Nucleon Number and Other Conservation Laws
    • 41–8 Half-Life and Rate of Decay
    • 41–9 Decay Series
    • 41–10 Radioactive Dating
    • 41–11 Detection of Particles
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  7. Nuclear Energy; Effects and Uses of Radiation
    • 42–1 Nuclear Reactions and the Transmutation of Elements
    • 42–2 Cross Section
    • 42–3 Nuclear Fission; Nuclear Reactors
    • 42–4 Nuclear Fusion
    • 42–5 Passage of Radiation Through Matter; Biological Damage
    • 42–6 Measurement of Radiation—Dosimetry
    • *42–7 Radiation Therapy
    • *42–8 Tracers in Research and Medicine
    • *42–9 Emission Tomography: PET and SPECT
    • *42–10 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR); Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  8. Elementary Particles
    • 43–1 High-Energy Particles and Accelerators
    • 43–2 Beginnings of Elementary Particle Physics—Particle Exchange
    • 43–3 Particles and Antiparticles
    • 43–4 Particle Interactions and Conservation Laws
    • 43–5 Neutrinos
    • 43–6 Particle Classification
    • 43–7 Particle Stability and Resonances
    • 43–8 Strangeness? Charm? Towards a New Model
    • 43–9 Quarks
    • 43–10 The Standard Model: QCD and Electroweak Theory
    • 43–11 Grand Unified Theories
    • 43–12 Strings and Supersymmetry
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
  9. Astrophysics and Cosmology
    • 44–1 Stars and Galaxies
    • 44–2 Stellar Evolution: Birth and Death of Stars, Nucleosynthesis
    • 44–3 Distance Measurements
    • 44–4 General Relativity: Gravity and the Curvature of Space
    • 44–5 The Expanding Universe: Redshift and Hubble’s Law
    • 44–6 The Big Bang and the Cosmic Microwave Background
    • 44–7 The Standard Cosmological Model: Early History of the Universe
    • 44–8 Inflation: Explaining Flatness, Uniformity, and Structure
    • 44–9 Dark Matter and Dark Energy
    • 44–10 Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
    • 44–11 Gravitational Waves—LIGO
    • 44–12 Finally . . .
    • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
Appendices
  1. Mathematical Formulas
  2. Derivatives and Integrals
  3. Numerical Integration
  4. More on Dimensional Analysis
  5. Gravitational Force Due to a Spherical Mass Distribution
  6. Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
  7. Selected Isotopes
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index Photo Credits

Student Workbook for Physics for Scientists and

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      Publisher: Pearson Education (US)
      Publication Date: 10/08/2021
      ISBN13: 9780137585489, 978-0137585489
      ISBN10: 0137585489

      Description

      Book Synopsis


      Table of Contents
      Table of Contents Volume 1
      • Applications List
      • Preface
      • To Students
      • Use of Color
      1. Introduction, Measurement, Estimating
        • 1–1 How Science Works
        • 1–2 Models, Theories, and Laws
        • 1–3 Measurement and Uncertainty; Significant Figures
        • 1–4 Units, Standards, and the SI System
        • 1–5 Converting Units
        • 1–6 Order of Magnitude: Rapid Estimating
        • *1–7 Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      2. Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension
        • 2–1 Reference Frames and Displacement
        • 2–2 Average Velocity
        • 2–3 Instantaneous Velocity
        • 2–4 Acceleration
        • 2–5 Motion at Constant Acceleration
        • 2–6 Solving Problems
        • 2–7 Freely Falling Objects
        • *2–8 Variable Acceleration; Integral Calculus
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      3. Kinematics in Two or Three Dimensions; Vectors
        • 3–1 Vectors and Scalars
        • 3–2 Addition of Vectors—Graphical Methods
        • 3–3 Subtraction of Vectors, and Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar
        • 3–4 Adding Vectors by Components
        • 3–5 Unit Vectors
        • 3–6 Vector Kinematics
        • 3–7 Projectile Motion
        • 3–8 Solving Problems Involving Projectile Motion
        • 3–9 Relative Velocity
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      4. Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion
        • 4–1 Force
        • 4–2 Newton’s First Law of Motion
        • 4–3 Mass
        • 4–4 Newton’s Second Law of Motion
        • 4–5 Newton’s Third Law of Motion
        • 4–6 Weight—the Force of Gravity; and the Normal Force
        • 4–7 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws: Free-Body Diagrams
        • 4–8 Problem Solving—A General Approach
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      5. Using Newton’s Laws: Friction, Circular Motion, Drag Forces
        • 5–1 Using Newton’s Laws with Friction
        • 5–2 Uniform Circular Motion—Kinematics
        • 5–3 Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion
        • 5–4 Highway Curves: Banked and Unbanked
        • 5–5 Nonuniform Circular Motion
        • *5–6 Velocity-Dependent Forces: Drag and Terminal Velocity
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      6. Gravitation and Newton’s Synthesis
        • 6–1 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
        • 6–2 Vector Form of Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
        • 6–3 Gravity Near the Earth’s Surface
        • 6–4 Satellites and “Weightlessness”
        • 6–5 Planets, Kepler’s Laws, and Newton’s Synthesis
        • 6–6 Moon Rises an Hour Later Each Day
        • 6–7 Types of Forces in Nature
        • *6–8 Gravitational Field
        • *6–9 Principle of Equivalence; Curvature of Space; Black Holes
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      7. Work and Energy
        • 7–1 Work Done by a Constant Force
        • 7–2 Scalar Product of Two Vectors
        • 7–3 Work Done by a Varying Force
        • 7–4 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Principle
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      8. Conservation of Energy
        • 8–1 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces
        • 8–2 Potential Energy
        • 8–3 Mechanical Energy and Its Conservation
        • 8–4 Problem Solving Using Conservation of Mechanical Energy
        • 8–5 The Law of Conservation of Energy
        • 8–6 Energy Conservation with Dissipative Forces: Solving Problems
        • 8–7 Gravitational Potential Energy and Escape Velocity
        • 8–8 Power
        • 8–9 Potential Energy Diagrams; Stable and Unstable Equilibrium
        • *8–10 Gravitational Assist (Slingshot)
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      9. Linear Momentum
        • 9–1 Momentum and Its Relation to Force
        • 9–2 Conservation of Momentum
        • 9–3 Collisions and Impulse
        • 9–4 Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collisions
        • 9–5 Elastic Collisions in One Dimension
        • 9–6 Inelastic Collisions
        • 9–7 Collisions in 2 or 3 Dimensions
        • 9–8 Center of Mass (CM)
        • 9–9 Center of Mass and Translational Motion
        • *9–10 Systems of Variable Mass; Rocket Propulsion
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      10. Rotational Motion
        • 10–1 Angular Quantities
        • 10–2 Vector Nature of Angular Quantities
        • 10–3 Constant Angular Acceleration
        • 10–4 Torque
        • 10–5 Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia
        • 10–6 Solving Problems in Rotational Dynamics
        • 10–7 Determining Moments of Inertia
        • 10–8 Rotational Kinetic Energy
        • 10–9 Rotation plus Translational Motion; Rolling
        • *10–10 Why Does a Rolling Sphere Slow Down?
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      11. Angular Momentum; General Rotation
        • 11–1 Angular Momentum—Objects Rotating About a Fixed Axis
        • 11–2 Vector Cross Product; Torque as a Vector
        • 11–3 Angular Momentum of a Particle
        • 11–4 Angular Momentum and Torque for a System of Particles; General Motion
        • 11–5 Angular Momentum and Torque for a Rigid Object
        • 11–6 Conservation of Angular Momentum
        • *11–7 The Spinning Top and Gyroscope
        • 11–8 Rotating Frames of Reference; Inertial Forces
        • *11–9 The Coriolis Effect
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      12. Static Equilibrium; Elasticity and Fracture
        • 12–1 The Conditions for Equilibrium
        • 12–2 Solving Statics Problems
        • *12–3 Applications to Muscles and Joints
        • 12–4 Stability and Balance
        • 12–5 Elasticity; Stress and Strain
        • 12–6 Fracture
        • *12–7 Trusses and Bridges
        • *12–8 Arches and Domes
      13. Fluids
        • 13–1 Phases of Matter
        • 13–2 Density and Specif ic Gravity
        • 13–3 Pressure in Fluids
        • 13–4 Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure
        • 13–5 Pascal’s Principle
        • 13–6 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the Barometer
        • 13–7 Buoyancy and Archimedes’ Principle
        • 13–8 Fluids in Motion; Flow Rate and the Equation of Continuity
        • 13–9 Bernoulli’s Equation
        • 13–10 Applications of Bernoulli’s Principle: Torricelli, Airplanes, Baseballs, Blood Flow
        • 13–11 Viscosity
        • *13–12 Flow in Tubes: Poiseuille’s Equation, Blood Flow
        • *13–13 Surface Tension and Capillarity
        • *13–14 Pumps, and the Heart
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      14. Oscillations
        • 14–1 Oscillations of a Spring
        • 14–2 Simple Harmonic Motion
        • 14–3 Energy in the Simple Harmonic Oscillator
        • 14–4 Simple Harmonic Motion Related to Uniform Circular Motion
        • 14–5 The Simple Pendulum
        • *14–6 The Physical Pendulum and the Torsion Pendulum
        • 14–7 Damped Harmonic Motion
        • 14–8 Forced Oscillations; Resonance
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      15. Wave Motion
        • 15–1 Characteristics of Wave Motion
        • 15–2 Types of Waves: Transverse and Longitudinal
        • 15–3 Energy Transported by Waves
        • 15–4 Mathematical Representation of a Traveling Wave
        • *15–5 The Wave Equation
        • 15–6 The Principle of Superposition
        • 15–7 Reflection and Transmission
        • 15–8 Interference
        • 15–9 Standing Waves; Resonance
        • 15–10 Refraction
        • 15–11 Diffraction
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      16. Sound
        • 16–1 Characteristics of Sound
        • 16–2 Mathematical Representation of Longitudinal Waves
        • 16–3 Intensity of Sound: Decibels
        • 16–4 Sources of Sound: Vibrating Strings and Air Columns
        • *16–5 Quality of Sound, and Noise; Superposition
        • 16–6 Interference of Sound Waves; Beats
        • 16–7 Doppler Effect
        • *16–8 Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom
        • *16–9 Applications: Sonar, Ultrasound, and Medical Imaging
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      17. Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and the Ideal Gas Law
        • 17–1 Atomic Theory of Matter
        • 17–2 Temperature and Thermometers
        • 17–3 Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
        • 17–4 Thermal Expansion
        • *17–5 Thermal Stresses
        • 17–6 The Gas Laws and Absolute Temperature
        • 17–7 The Ideal Gas Law
        • 17–8 Problem Solving with the Ideal Gas Law
        • 17–9 Ideal Gas Law in Terms of Molecules: Avogadro’s Number
        • *17–10 Ideal Gas Temperature Scale—a Standard
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      18. Kinetic Theory of Gases
        • 18–1 The Ideal Gas Law and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature
        • 18–2 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
        • 18–3 Real Gases and Changes of Phase
        • 18–4 Vapor Pressure and Humidity
        • 18–5 Temperature Decrease of Boiling Water with Altitude
        • 18–6 Van der Waals Equation of State
        • 18–7 Mean Free Path
        • 18–8 Diffusion
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      19. Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics
        • 19–1 Heat as Energy Transfer
        • 19–2 Internal Energy
        • 19–3 Specific Heat
        • 19–4 Calorimetry—Solving Problems
        • 19–5 Latent Heat
        • 19–6 The First Law of Thermodynamics
        • 19–7 Thermodynamic Processes and the First Law
        • 19–8 Molar Specific Heats for Gases, and the Equipartition of Energy
        • 19–9 Adiabatic Expansion of a Gas
        • 19–10 Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      20. Second Law of Thermodynamics
        • 20–1 The Second Law of Thermodynamics—Introduction
        • 20–2 Heat Engines
        • 20–3 The Carnot Engine; Reversible and Irreversible Processes
        • 20–4 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps
        • 20–5 Entropy
        • 20–6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
        • 20–7 Order to Disorder
        • 20–8 Unavailability of Energy; Heat Death
        • 20–9 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law
        • *20–10 Thermodynamic Temperature; Third Law of Thermodynamics
        • 20–11 Thermal Pollution, Global Warming, and Energy Resources
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      Appendices
      1. Mathematical Formulas
      2. Derivatives and Integrals
      3. Numerical Integration
      4. More on Dimensional Analysis
      5. Gravitational Force Due to a Spherical Mass Distribution
      6. Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
      7. Selected Isotopes
      Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index Photo Credits Contents Volume 2
      • Applications List
      • Preface
      • To Students
      • Use of Color
      1. Electric Charge and Electric Field
        • 21–1 Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation
        • 21–2 Electric Charge in the Atom
        • 21–3 Insulators and Conductors
        • 21–4 Induced Charge; the Electroscope
        • 21–5 Coulomb’s Law
        • 21–6 The Electric Field
        • 21–7 Electric Field Calculations for Continuous Charge Distributions
        • 21–8 Field Lines
        • 21–9 Electric Fields and Conductors
        • 21–10 Motion of a Charged Particle in an Electric Field
        • 21–11 Electric Dipoles
        • *21–12 Electric Forces in Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Replication
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      2. Gauss’s Law
        • 22–1 Electric Flux
        • 22–2 Gauss’s Law
        • 22–3 Applications of Gauss’s Law
        • *22–4 Experimental Basis of Gauss’s and Coulomb’s Laws
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      3. Electric Potential
        • 23–1 Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference
        • 23–2 Relation between Electric Potential and Electric Field
        • 23–3 Electric Potential Due to Point Charges
        • 23–4 Potential Due to Any Charge Distribution
        • 23–5 Equipotential Lines and Surfaces
        • 23–6 Potential Due to Electric Dipole; Dipole Moment
        • 23–7 E → Determined from V
        • 23–8 Electrostatic Potential Energy; the Electron Volt
        • 23–9 Digital; Binary Numbers; Signal Voltage
        • *23–10 TV and Computer Monitors
        • *23–11 Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      4. Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage
        • 24–1 Capacitors
        • 24–2 Determination of Capacitance
        • 24–3 Capacitors in Series and Parallel
        • 24–4 Storage of Electric Energy
        • 24–5 Dielectrics
        • *24–6 Molecular Description of Dielectrics
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      5. Electric Currents and Resistance
        • 25–1 The Electric Battery
        • 25–2 Electric Current
        • 25–3 Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Resistors
        • 25–4 Resistivity
        • 25–5 Electric Power
        • 25–6 Power in Household Circuits
        • 25–7 Alternating Current
        • 25–8 Microscopic View of Electric Current
        • *25–9 Superconductivity
        • *25–10 Electrical Conduction in the Human Nervous System
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      6. DC Circuits
        • 26–1 EMF and Terminal Voltage
        • 26–2 Resistors in Series and in Parallel
        • 26–3 Kirchhoff’s Rules
        • 26–4 EMFs in Series and in Parallel; Charging a Battery
        • 26–5 RC Circuits—Resistor and Capacitor in Series
        • 26–6 Electric Hazards and Safety
        • 26–7 Ammeters and Voltmeters—Measurement Affects the Quantity Being Measured
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      7. Magnetism
        • 27–1 Magnets and Magnetic Fields
        • 27–2 Electric Currents Produce Magnetic Fields
        • 27–3 Force on an Electric Current in a Magnetic Field; Definition of B →
        • 27–4 Force on an Electric Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field
        • 27–5 Torque on a Current Loop; Magnetic Dipole Moment
        • 27–6 Applications: Motors, Loudspeakers, Galvanometers
        • 27–7 Discovery and Properties of the Electron
        • 27–8 The Hall Effect
        • 27–9 Mass Spectrometer
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      8. Sources of Magnetic Field
        • 28–1 Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire
        • 28–2 Force between Two Parallel Wires
        • 28–3 Definitions of the Ampere and the Coulomb
        • 28–4 Ampère’s Law
        • 28–5 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid and a Toroid
        • 28–6 Biot-Savart Law
        • 28–7 Magnetic Field Due to a Single Moving Charge
        • 28–8 Magnetic Materials—Ferromagnetism
        • 28–9 Electromagnets and Solenoids—Applications
        • 28–10 Magnetic Fields in Magnetic Materials; Hysteresis
        • *28–11 Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      9. Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday’s Law
        • 29–1 Induced EMF
        • 29–2 Faraday’s Law of Induction; Lenz’s Law
        • 29–3 EMF Induced in a Moving Conductor
        • 29–4 Electric Generators
        • 29–5 Back EMF and Counter Torque; Eddy Currents
        • 29–6 Transformers and Transmission of Power
        • 29–7 A Changing Magnetic Flux Produces an Electric Field
        • *29–8 Information Storage: Magnetic and Semiconductor; Tape, Hard Drive, RAM
        • *29–9 Applications of Induction: Microphone, Seismograph, GFCI
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      10. Inductance, Electromagnetic Oscillations, and AC Circuits
        • 30–1 Mutual Inductance
        • 30–2 Self-Inductance; Inductors
        • 30–3 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field
        • 30–4 LR Circuits
        • 30–5 LC Circuits and Electromagnetic Oscillations
        • 30–6 LC Oscillations with Resistance (LRC Circuit)
        • 30–7 AC Circuits and Reactance
        • 30–8 LRC Series AC Circuit; Phasor Diagrams
        • 30–9 Resonance in AC Circuits
        • 30–10 Impedance Matching
        • *30–11 Three-Phase AC
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      11. Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
        • 31–1 Changing Electric Fields Produce Magnetic Fields; Displacement Current
        • 31–2 Gauss’s Law for Magnetism
        • 31–3 Maxwell’s Equations
        • 31–4 Production of Electromagnetic Waves
        • 31–5 Electromagnetic Waves, and Their Speed, Derived from Maxwell’s Equations
        • 31–6 Light as an Electromagnetic Wave and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
        • 31–7 Measuring the Speed of Light
        • 31–8 Energy in EM Waves; the Poynting Vector
        • 31–9 Radiation Pressure
        • 31–10 Radio and Television; Wireless Communication
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      12. Light: Reflection and Refraction
        • 32–1 The Ray Model of Light
        • 32–2 Reflection; Image Formation by a Plane Mirror
        • 32–3 Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors
        • 32–4 Index of Refraction
        • 32–5 Refraction: Snell’s Law
        • 32–6 The Visible Spectrum and Dispersion
        • 32–7 Total Internal Reflection; Fiber Optics
        • *32–8 Refraction at a Spherical Surface
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      13. Lenses and Optical Instruments
        • 33–1 Thin Lenses; Ray Tracing and Focal Length
        • 33–2 The Thin Lens Equation
        • 33–3 Combinations of Lenses
        • *33–4 Lensmaker’s Equation
        • 33–5 Cameras: Film and Digital
        • 33–6 The Human Eye; Corrective Lenses
        • 33–7 Magnifying Glass
        • 33–8 Telescopes
        • 33–9 Compound Microscope
        • 33–10 Aberrations of Lenses and Mirrors
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      14. The Wave Nature of Light: Interference and Polarization
        • 34–1 Waves vs. Particles; Huygens’ Principle and Diffraction
        • 34–2 Huygens’ Principle and the Law of Refraction
        • 34–3 Interference-Young’s Double-Slit Experiment
        • 34–4 Intensity in the Double-Slit Interference Pattern
        • 34–5 Interference in Thin Films
        • 34–6 Michelson Interferometer
        • 34–7 Polarization
        • *34–8 Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)
        • *34–9 Scattering of Light by the Atmosphere
        • *34–10 Brightness, in Lumens
        • *34–11 Efficiency of Lightbulbs
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      15. Diffraction
        • 35–1 Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk
        • *35–2 Intensity in Single-Slit Diffraction Pattern
        • *35–3 Diffraction in the Double-Slit Experiment
        • 35–4 Limits of Resolution; Circular Apertures
        • 35–5 Resolution of Telescopes and Microscopes; the λ Limit
        • 35–6 Resolution of the Human Eye and Useful Magnification
        • 35–7 Diffraction Grating
        • 35–8 The Spectrometer and Spectroscopy
        • *35–9 Peak Widths and Resolving Power for a Diffraction Grating
        • 35–10 X-Rays and X-Ray Diffraction
        • *35–11 X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography (CT Scan)
        • *35–12 Specialty Microscopes and Contrast
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      Appendices
      1. Mathematical Formulas
      2. Derivatives and Integrals
      3. Numerical Integration
      4. More on Dimensional Analysis
      5. Gravitational Force Due to a Spherical Mass Distribution
      6. Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
      7. Selected Isotopes
      Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index Photo Credits Contents Volume 3
      • Applications List
      • Preface
      • To Students
      • Use of Color
      1. The Special Theory of Relativity
        • 36–1 Galilean-Newtonian Relativity
        • 36–2 The Michelson-Morley Experiment
        • 36–3 Postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity
        • 36–4 Simultaneity
        • 36–5 Time Dilation and the Twin Paradox
        • 36–6 Length Contraction
        • 36–7 Four-Dimensional Space-Time
        • 36–8 Galilean and Lorentz Transformations
        • 36–9 Relativistic Momentum
        • 36–10 The Ultimate Speed
        • 36–11 E = m c 2 ; Mass and Energy
        • *36–12 Doppler Shift for Light
        • 36–13 The Impact of Special Relativity
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      2. Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom
        • 37–1 Planck’s Quantum Hypothesis; Blackbody Radiation
        • 37–2 Photon Theory of Light and the Photoelectric Effect
        • 37–3 Energy, Mass, and Momentum of a Photon
        • 37–4 Compton Effect
        • 37–5 Photon Interactions; Pair Production
        • 37–6 Wave-Particle Duality; the Principle of Complementarity
        • 37–7 Wave Nature of Matter
        • 37–8 Electron Microscopes
        • 37–9 Early Models of the Atom
        • 37–10 Atomic Spectra: Key to the Structure of the Atom
        • 37–11 The Bohr Model
        • 37–12 de Broglie’s Hypothesis Applied to Atoms
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      3. Quantum Mechanics
        • 38–1 Quantum Mechanics—A New Theory
        • 38–2 The Wave Function and Its Interpretation; the Double-Slit Experiment
        • 38–3 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
        • 38–4 Philosophic Implications; Probability Versus Determinism
        • 38–5 The Schrödinger Equation in One Dimension—Time-Independent Form
        • *38–6 Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation
        • 38–7 Free Particles; Plane Waves and Wave Packets
        • 38–8 Particle in an Infinitely Deep Square Well Potential (a Rigid Box)
        • 38–9 Finite Potential Well
        • 38–10 Tunneling through a Barrier
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      4. Quantum Mechanics of Atoms
        • 39–1 Quantum-Mechanical View of Atoms
        • 39–2 Hydrogen Atom: Schrödinger Equation and Quantum Numbers
        • 39–3 Hydrogen Atom Wave Functions
        • 39–4 Multielectron Atoms; the Exclusion Principle
        • 39–5 Periodic Table of Elements
        • 39–6 X-Ray Spectra and Atomic Number
        • *39–7 Magnetic Dipole Moment; Total Angular Momentum
        • 39–8 Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
        • 39–9 Lasers
        • *39–10 Holography
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      5. Molecules and Solids
        • 40–1 Bonding in Molecules
        • 40–2 Potential-Energy Diagrams for Molecules
        • 40–3 Weak (van der Waals) Bonds
        • 40–4 Molecular Spectra
        • 40–5 Bonding in Solids
        • 40–6 Free-Electron Theory of Metals; Fermi Energy
        • 40–7 Band Theory of Solids
        • 40–8 Semiconductors and Doping
        • 40–9 Semiconductor Diodes, LEDs, OLEDs
        • 40–10 Transistors: Bipolar and MOSFETs
        • 40–11 Integrated Circuits, 10-nm Technology
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      6. Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
        • 41–1 Structure and Properties of the Nucleus
        • 41–2 Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces
        • 41–3 Radioactivity
        • 41–4 Alpha Decay
        • 41–5 Beta Decay
        • 41–6 Gamma Decay
        • 41–7 Conservation of Nucleon Number and Other Conservation Laws
        • 41–8 Half-Life and Rate of Decay
        • 41–9 Decay Series
        • 41–10 Radioactive Dating
        • 41–11 Detection of Particles
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      7. Nuclear Energy; Effects and Uses of Radiation
        • 42–1 Nuclear Reactions and the Transmutation of Elements
        • 42–2 Cross Section
        • 42–3 Nuclear Fission; Nuclear Reactors
        • 42–4 Nuclear Fusion
        • 42–5 Passage of Radiation Through Matter; Biological Damage
        • 42–6 Measurement of Radiation—Dosimetry
        • *42–7 Radiation Therapy
        • *42–8 Tracers in Research and Medicine
        • *42–9 Emission Tomography: PET and SPECT
        • *42–10 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR); Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      8. Elementary Particles
        • 43–1 High-Energy Particles and Accelerators
        • 43–2 Beginnings of Elementary Particle Physics—Particle Exchange
        • 43–3 Particles and Antiparticles
        • 43–4 Particle Interactions and Conservation Laws
        • 43–5 Neutrinos
        • 43–6 Particle Classification
        • 43–7 Particle Stability and Resonances
        • 43–8 Strangeness? Charm? Towards a New Model
        • 43–9 Quarks
        • 43–10 The Standard Model: QCD and Electroweak Theory
        • 43–11 Grand Unified Theories
        • 43–12 Strings and Supersymmetry
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      9. Astrophysics and Cosmology
        • 44–1 Stars and Galaxies
        • 44–2 Stellar Evolution: Birth and Death of Stars, Nucleosynthesis
        • 44–3 Distance Measurements
        • 44–4 General Relativity: Gravity and the Curvature of Space
        • 44–5 The Expanding Universe: Redshift and Hubble’s Law
        • 44–6 The Big Bang and the Cosmic Microwave Background
        • 44–7 The Standard Cosmological Model: Early History of the Universe
        • 44–8 Inflation: Explaining Flatness, Uniformity, and Structure
        • 44–9 Dark Matter and Dark Energy
        • 44–10 Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
        • 44–11 Gravitational Waves—LIGO
        • 44–12 Finally . . .
        • Questions, MisConceptions, Problems
      Appendices
      1. Mathematical Formulas
      2. Derivatives and Integrals
      3. Numerical Integration
      4. More on Dimensional Analysis
      5. Gravitational Force Due to a Spherical Mass Distribution
      6. Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
      7. Selected Isotopes
      Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index Photo Credits

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