Description
Book SynopsisThis laboratory manual presents a curriculum that is organized around an atoms first approach to general chemistry. Our motivation for writing this manual is to (1) tap into the natural curiosity present in all of us and provide engaging experiments that students will find interesting, (2) emphasize topics that students find particularly challenging in the general chemistry lecture course, and (3) create a laboratory environment that encourages students, on occasion, to âœsolve puzzlesâ and not just âœfollow recipes.â All too often, students view general chemistry lab as a boring exercise in which an exact set of instructions is followed, leading to an answer that, in many cases, results in a good grade regardless of how much learning has taken place. To these students, the successful lab is the one that takes the least amount of time! Unfortunately, a huge opportunity to get students truly turned on to science is missed. To us, the laboratory represents high-stakes ground for engageme
Table of ContentsLaboratory 1 Exploration of Matter Through Density Determinations: An Introduction to Basic Laboratory Measurements 1
Laboratory 2 The Discovery of Chemical Change Through the Chemistry of Copper: An Observational Preview of First-Semester General Chemistry 11
Laboratory 3 Light and Nanotechnology: How Do We “See” Something Too Small to See? 21
Laboratory 4 Shedding Light on the Structure of the Atom 33
Laboratory 5 Periodic Trends: Densities in the Chromium Family of Transition Metals 47
Laboratory 6 Molecular Geometry and Polarity 59
Laboratory 7 Percent Composition from Gravimetric Analysis: Calcium Carbonate in Texas Limestone 73
Laboratory 8 Limiting Reactant Lab 81
Laboratory 9 Qualitative Analysis: Testing the Solubility Rules 89
Laboratory 10 Titration I. Determination of an Unknown Diprotic Acid Through Volumetric Analysis 105
Laboratory 11 The Activity Series: On the Chemistry of Metals 117
Laboratory 12 Calorimetry I: Identification of an Unknown Metal 125
Laboratory 13 Calorimetry II: Measurement and Calculation of Enthalpy Change, ΔH 137
Laboratory 14 Gas Laws: Boyle’s Law and Experimental Determination of the Ideal Gas Constant 151
Laboratory 15 A Capstone Experience: Toward the Creation of an Automobile Airbag 167
Laboratory 16 On the Nature of Solutions: Structure, Polarity and Energy 173
Laboratory 17 Colligative Properties: Vapor Pressure Lowering and Molar Mass Determination Through Freezing Point Depression 189
Laboratory 18 Kinetics—The Hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenyl Acetate 213
Laboratory 19 Determination of the Equilibrium Constant of Phenolphthalein Dissociation 237
Laboratory 20 Le Châtelier’s Principle: On the Effect of Concentration and Temperature on Equilibrium 251
Laboratory 21 An Exploration of Buffer Solutions 263
Laboratory 22 Titration II. pH Titration Curves 273
Laboratory 23 Identification of an Unknown Weak Acid/Base 289
Laboratory 24 Determining the Molar Solubility Product of Copper(II) Tartrate 297
Laboratory 25 Thermodynamics of Formation of a Borax Solution 309
Laboratory 26 Galvanic Cells and the Measurement of Cell Potential 321
Laboratory 27 Color Changes in Ionizing Foot Baths? (Testing Marketing Claims: A Case Study) 335
Laboratory 28 The Formation and Reactivity of Esters: A Bridge from General to Organic Chemistry 343
