Description
Book SynopsisThis book focuses on current frontier-related issues such as humanitarian crises, economic crises, discrimination of migrants in certain countries, different typologies of borders such as land, maritime, air, space, and even cyberspace borders, and environmental protection of water resources at borders. It addresses legal and theoretical considerations and presents empirical cases showing the manifestations of the concept in the real world and its dynamics. Without claiming to exhaust the debate on frontiers, especially given the breadth of the subject and the large number of viewpoints from which the phenomenon can be examined, this book intends to be a helpful source of insights for academics, university students, and others who wish to explore the complex and multifaceted worlds that emerge, particularly in a globalized society, from the interaction between the various actors and scenarios that shape the reality of frontiers.
Table of ContentsAs an Introduction: The Term ‘Frontier’ and Kindred ConceptsDimitri Endrizzi
Part I. Theory, Law & Cases
Chapter I. Frontier: Classical Conceptual Approaches
Rodolfo Cano Blandón
Abstract
Introduction
1. General characterization of the concept
1.1. Theoretical approaches
1.2. Preliminary conclusions
2. Frontier: An international comparison
2.1. United States
2.2. Europe
2.3. Latin America
Conclusions
Chapter II. Maritime Territorialization and Governance: Geopolitical and Legal Issues Concerning Delimitation of Extended Continental Shelves in the Caribbean Sea and Arctic Ocean
Ekaterina Antsygina & Bernardo Pérez-Salazar
Abstract
Introduction
1. A Brief Background: Sovereignty, Borders, and Maritime Territorialization
2. International Politics and Legal Framework of the Law of the Sea
3. The 1982 UNCLOS and the Role of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf
4. Territorialization of the Caribbean Sea
4.1. Geopolitical context in the Caribbean
4.2. Issues concerning Delimitation of Extended Continental Shelves in the Caribbean
5. Territorialization of the Arctic Ocean
5.1. Geopolitical context in the Arctic
5.2. Issues concerning Delimitation of Extended Continental Shelves in the Arctic
Concluding remarks
Chapter III. Borders in Airspace and Outer Space
Jairo Becerra, Paula Pérez & Laura Duarte
Abstract
Introduction
1. Airspace
1.1. Inaccuracies in the Concept of Airspace
2. Extra-Terrestrial or Space Law
3. The Absence of Legal Delimitation of the Frontier between Air Space and Outer Space
Conclusions
Chapter IV. Cyberspace: A New Frontier
Eduardo Andrés Perafán Del Campo, Sebastián Polo Alvis & Marco Emilio Sánchez Acevedo
Abstract
Introduction
1. Sovereignty, State, Technology, and Globalization: Marble is not Liquid
1.1. State and Sovereignty
1.2. Global Internet Governance: Limited Sovereignty?
1.3. New Sovereignty: Surveillance and Control in Cyberspace
1.4. Surveillance and Control over the Experience of the Cybernaut
2. Colombian Cyberspace an Element to be protected to Guarantee National Security and Defense
2.1. A Background on Cybersecurity in the European Community
2.2. OAS Cyber Security: The Case of the Region
2.3. Colombia's National Digital Security Policy - Critical Elements
2.3.1. Structure and Development of the National Digital Security Policy
2.3.2. Establishing an institutional framework for digital security consistent with a risk management approach
2.3.3. Creating the conditions for multiple stakeholders to manage digital security risk in their socio-economic activities and generate confidence in the use of the digital environment
2.3.4. Strengthening the security of individuals and the State in the digital environment, at a national and transnational level, with a risk management approach
2.3.5. Strengthening national defense and sovereignty in the digital environment with a risk management approach
2.3.6. Generating permanent and strategic mechanisms to promote cooperation, collaboration, and assistance in digital security, nationally and internationally
2.4. Cyber Defense
Conclusions
Chapter V. International Watercourses: Between the Division and the Border Unit
Dayana Becerra
Abstract
Introduction
1. Approach to the notion of an international watercourse
2. International Law on International Watercourses
2.1. The protection and utilization of transboundary watercourses and international lakes
3. Non-Navigational Uses and the United Nations
3.1. International Watercourses and Vital Human Needs
3.2. The Coming into Force of the Convention on the Law of Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses
3.3. Inter-party agreements and the Convention on the Law of Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses
4. Approach to the Legal Protection of Specific International Watercourses
4.1. The case of the Senegal River
4.2. The Case of the Nile River
4.3. The case of the Rio Grande-Río Grande
4.4. The Case of the Mekong River
4.5. The Case of the Syr Darya River
5. The Issue of the Human Right to Water before International Watercourses
Conclusions
Part II. Cases, Theory & Law
Chapter VI. Borders, Migration and Human Rights: Case of The United States and Mexico
Enrique Uribe Arzate & Flor de María Ávila Hernández
Abstract
Introduction
1. Epistemological Basis of the Issue
2. The State Today: Paradox and Course
3. The Universal Citizenship and the Global Nationality of Human Rights
4. The Vitality of Migration and the Porosity of Borders
Conclusions
Chapter VII. Schengen Area: Reflections On the European Border Crisis
Gloria Nancy Zambrano Ramón
Abstract
Introduction
1. A safe space
1.1. The Schengen Information System (SIS)
1.2. The Visa Information System (VIS)
2. Smart border
2.1. The European Border and Coast Guard Agency (formerly, the Frontex agency with extended tasks)
3. Joint operations of the european borders
3.1. The joint triton operation
3.2. The joint operation poseidon
4. The immigration crisis
Conclusions
Chapter VIII. Land Border Relationship between Colombia and Venezuela: Vulnerability of Human Rights and Geopolitical Context
Flor María Ávila Hernández, Jaime Cubides Cárdenas & Paula Andrea Barreto Cifuentes
Abstract
Introduction
1. Concept of the land border
2. Border relationship between Colombia and Venezuela
2.1. Location
2.2. Historical evolution
2.2.1. The Border Closure
2.3. Characteristics and principal problems
2.3.1. Human Rights situation in Colombian Venezuelan land border
2.3.2. Smuggling and drug trafficking
2.3.3. Vulnerability of rights in the border
2.3.4. Effects of border closure
3. International Law related to the border between Colombia and Venezuela
3.1. Generalities of the Interamerican System of Human Rights
3.1.1. Interamerican Commission of Human Rights
3.1.2. Interamerican Court of Human Rights
3.2. American Convention of Human Rights
3.3. The acting of the Interamerican System of Human Rights in the intern law
4. Border Integration Zones, a possible solution to the Colombian Venezuelan crisis
4.1. Criteria for his identification and delimiting of the borders
4.2. Their financing
4.3. Advances in the establishment of the BIZ
4.4. The borders and the strategic secession dominant problems
4.4.1. Geographic ambit
4.4.2. Economic ambit
4.4.3. Conjunctural ambit
4.4.4. Social ambit
4.4.5. Cultural ambit
4.4.6. Ecological ambit
4.4.7. Military ambit
5. Border relationship between Colombia and Venezuela in the Interamerican System of Human Rights
Conclusions
Chapter IX. The Injury of Sovereignty in Ecuador in The Management of the Debt Crisis: The Role of IMF
Dimitri Endrizzi
Abstract
Introduction
1. On the concept of sovereignty
2. The management of the debt crisis by the IMF: A reiterated injury of the Ecuadorian sovereignty
2.1. The management of the debt crisis in Ecuador: Analysis of the evidence
Conclusions
References
Bibliography
National legislation
International legislation
National jurisprudence
International jurisprudence
National normative
International normative
Journalistic notes
Tables
Graphics
