Description
Book SynopsisInternational trade plays an enormous role in economic growth and prosperity. This activity can also be used to transfer military equipment, knowledge, and technology to hostile governments and transnational terrorist and criminal organizations seeking to attack and destroy their enemies. The U.S. and other countries have used economic sanctions such as export controls to try to restrict and eliminate the transfer of weapons and financial assets to these governments and organizations. This work examines how the U.S. has attempted to restrict the export of national security sensitive equipment, finance, knowledge, and technology since World War II with varying degrees of success and failure. It also examines how multiple U.S. Government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and international government organizations seek to influence U.S. international trade, foreign, and security policies while concluding that some export controls are essential for promoting and defending U.S. n
Table of ContentsContents Acknowledgments vii Introduction ix Chapter 1 U.S. Legal and Legislative History 1 Chapter 2 Commerce and Defense Departments 47 Chapter 3 Customs & Border Patrol, Justice Department, and Energy Department 162 Chapter 4 The State Department and Export Controls 186 Chapter 5 Treasury Department 234 Chapter 6 Congress and Export Controls 253 Chapter 7 Nongovernment Organizations and Export Controls 272 Chapter 8 International Government Organizations 295 Conclusion 324 Bibliography 335 Index 411 About the Author 431
