{"product_id":"working-together-9780691146041","title":"Working Together","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdvances in the social sciences have emerged through a variety of research methods: field-based research, laboratory and field experiments, and agent-based models. This title examines how different methods have promoted various theoretical developments related to collective action and the commons.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"The cutting edge knowledge on collective action introduced in this book is particularly challenging... [T]his book is something that social simulation practitioners should definitely read.\"--Olivier Barreteau, Journal of Artificial Societies Social Simulation\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eList of Illustrations xiii  List of Tables xv  Acknowledgments xvii  Prologue xxi  Part One: Introduction      Chapter One: Overcoming Methodological Challenges 3  Social Science Debates over the Superiority of Particular Methods 7  Multiple Methods: Promises and Challenges 11  Practical Challenges and Methodological Trade-Offs 14  Technological Development and the Costs of Border Crossing 15  Availability and Accessibility of Data 17  Career Incentives as Methodological Constraints 18  Training 19  Career Incentives and Specialization 20  Our Substantive Focus 21  Interactions between Theory and Methods 23  Multiple Methods and Collaborative Research 23  Practical Constraints on Methodological Choices 23  Career Incentives and Methodological Practice 24  Outline of the Book 24      Part Two: Field Methods  Chapter Two: Small-N Case Studies: Putting the Commons under a Magnifying Glass 31  The Conventional Theory of the Commons 31  The Case Study Method 33  Cases, Case Studies, and Case Study Research 33  Analytical Strengths and Weaknesses 34  Practical Considerations 37  Synthesizing Challenges and Coordinating New Research Efforts 39  Contributions to the Study of the Commons 45  Property Rights and Tenure Security 45  Group Characteristics 52  Resource Characteristics 57  Case Studies as a Foundation 60      Chapter Three: Broadly Comparative Field-Based Research 64  Methodological Practices over Fifteen Years of Research 65  Defining the Units of Analysis 66  Trading Geographic Scope for Numbers? 68  Theoretical Aspirations and Methodological Practices 74  Practical Challenges to Broadly Comparative Field-Based Research 74  Costs of Data Collection 75  Research Design and Sampling 76  The Implications of Data Scarcity and Costliness 78  Meta-Analysis: An Introduction 78  Weighing the Benefits and Costs of Meta-Analysis 81  Coding Strategies and Missing Data 81  Potential Sources of Sample Bias 83  The Choice of Methodological Strategy: Weighing Costs  against Control 86      Chapter Four: Meta-Analysis: Getting the Big Picture through Synthesis 89  Meta-Analysis: A Recapitulation 89  The Common-Pool Resource (CPR) Research Program 90  Defining Variables 92  Compensating for Gaps in Case Materials 93  Contributions 94  Overall Assessment 101  NIIS: A Hybrid Approach 102  Adaptation of the CPR Protocols 103  Measurement and Sampling 104  Contributions 105  Overall Assessment 107  Other Synthetic Studies 107  Additional Examples of Meta-Analysis 108  An Example of Narrative Synthesis 111  Progress and Continuing Challenges 113      Chapter Five: Collaborative Field Studies 115  Collaboration in Field-Based Research, 1990-2004 116  Two Research Partnerships 118  Community-Based Management of Common-Pool  Resources in Tanzania 118  Traditional Management of Artisanal Fisheries in Nigeria 120  Thoughts about Research Partnerships 124  CGIAR: A Global Research Alliance 124  IFRI: An International Research Network 126  Strategies for Data Collection 127  Strategies for Coordination 128  Contributions and Challenges 129  Comparing the Strategies and Drawing Implications 132      Part Three: Models and Experiments in the Laboratory  and the Field  Chapter Six: Experiments in the Laboratory and the Field 141  The Experimental Method 142  Laboratory Experiments of Relevance to the Study of  the Commons 144  Public Goods Experiments 146  Common-Pool Resource Experiments 150  Insights from Public Goods and Common-Pool Resource  Experiments in the Laboratory 153  Face-to-Face Communication in the Laboratory 153  Heterogeneity 156  Sanctioning Experiments 158  Field Experiments 159  Toward a New Generation of Experiments of Commons Dilemmas 163  New Developments in Laboratory Experiments 164  Toward a New Generation of Field Experiments 168  Conclusion 169      Chapter Seven: Agent-Based Models of Collective Action 171  A Brief Introduction to Agent-Based Modeling 171  Cellular Automata 172  Networks 173  Agents 174  Strengths and Weaknesses of Agent-Based Models 175  Repeated Prisoner's Dilemma 177  Cooperation among Egoists 177  Evolving Strategies in Prisoner's Dilemma Tournaments 178  Spatial Games 180  Spatial Social Dilemma Games 180  Spatial Public Goods Games 181  Indirect Reciprocity 182  Evolution of Costly Punishment 185  Evolution of Social (Meta) Norms 187  Future Challenges 188  Conclusion 191      Chapter Eight: Building Empirically Grounded Agent-Based Models 194  Comparing Simulations with Data 195  Different Approaches to Combine Empirical Data and  Agent-Based Models 196  Agent-Based Models of Laboratory and Field Experiments 198  Role Games and Companion Modeling 204  Models of Case Studies 207  Methodological Challenges 210  Conclusion 212      Part Four: Synthesis  Chapter Nine: Pushing the Frontiers of the Theory of Collective Action and  the Commons 215  Synopsis of Research Developments Reviewed in Parts II and III 217  Toward a More General Behavioral Theory of Human Action 220  Assumptions of a Behavioral Theory 222  The Centrality of Trust 226  Unpacking the Concept of Context 227  The Microsituational Context 228  The Impact of Microsituational Variables on Cooperation 228  The Challenge of Linking Contextual Scales 231  The Broader Scale Affecting Collective Action 232  Ontological Frameworks 233  An Ontological Framework of Social-Ecological Systems 234  Predicting Self-Organization Drawing on the SES Framework 236  Diagnosing Institutional Change 239  Challenges for Future Research 243  Conclusion 245      Appendix 9.1: A Theoretical Puzzle: Why Do Some Resource Users Self-Organize and Others Do Not? 246  Chapter Ten  Learning from Multiple Methods 248  Interlocking Developments in Methods and Theory 249  Methodological and Disciplinary Cross-Fertilization and Theoretical Innovation 251  Sequential Movement between Methods and Disciplines 252  Combining Multiple Methods and Disciplines in a Program of Research 255  Spaces for Cross-Fertilization 257  Practical Challenges 258  Trade-Offs in Training and Research 258  Professional Incentives 260  Collaborative Research as a Collective-Action Problem 262  Rewards to Individual and Collaborative Research 263  Fragmentation of Academia 265  Misunderstandings and Mistrust 266  Long-Term Funding 269  Responding to the Challenges 270  Looking Forward 271      Notes 275  References 289  Index 339","brand":"Princeton University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49403775746391,"sku":"9780691146041","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/working-together-9780691146041","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}