{"product_id":"weed-research-9781119969143","title":"Weed Research","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive guide to the current and potential future state of weed science and research. Weeds have a huge effect on the world by reducing crop yield and quality, delaying or interfering with harvesting, interfering with animal feeding (including poisoning), reducing animal health and preventing water flow. They are common across the world and cost billions of dollars' worth of crop losses year on year, as well as billions of dollars in the annual expense of controlling them. An understanding of weeds is vital to their proper management and control, without which the reduction in crop yields that they would cause could lead to mass starvation across the globe.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTopics covered include weed biology and ecology, control of weeds and particular issues faced in their control. Authored and edited by internationally renowned scientists in the field all of whom are actively involved in European Weed Research Society working groups, this su\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Weed Science Research: Past, Present and Future Perspectives 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRobert J. Froud]Williams\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors Influencing the Weed Flora 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuccession 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClean Seed 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRotation 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFallow 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCultivation 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStraw Burning 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoil Amelioration, Drainage and Fertiliser Use 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNitrogen 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerbicides 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsequences of Changing Practices 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanging Weed Floras 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpisodic Decline 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Spatial Distribution 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory of Weed Science in the UK and Origins of the Weed Research Organisation 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrigins of the European Weed Research Society 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Research (Journal): Origin of Papers and Discipline 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanging Attitudes to Weeds 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSet]Aside and Agri]Environment 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeeds, Climate and Invasive Aliens 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Directions (Quo Vadis?) 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Weed Management 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvolutionary Genetics and the Role of Molecular Ecology 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIs there a Need for a Change of Emphasis? 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Descriptive and Mechanistic Models of Crop–Weed Competition 33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLammert Bastiaans and Jonathan Storkey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescriptive Models for Yield Loss Due to Weed Competition 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Hyperbolic Yield Loss–Weed Density Curve 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccounting for Differences in Relative Time of Emergence 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Factors Influencing Parameter i 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement Aimed at Modifying Crop–Weed Competitive Relations 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Quantitative Characterisation of Differences in Weed]Suppressive Ability of Crop Cultivars 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanistic Models for Crop–Weed Competition 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStructure and Function of Process]Based Models for Crop–Weed Competition 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA First Application: Ideotyping of More Weed]Suppressive Cultivars 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Second Application: Predicting the Impact of Climate Change on Weed Distribution 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Approaches and Objectives of Arable Weed Species Mapping: Where Next? 61\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHansjörg Krähmer and Paolo Bàrberi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Species Mapping: Why? 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScientific Literature: State of the Art 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMapping Herbicide]resistant Biotypes 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMapping Invasive Species 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Species Mapping: Who? 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Species Mapping: Where and What? 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaps of Weeds in European Arable Crops 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eField]Level Mapping 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Species Mapping: How? 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeo]Referencing 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTiming of Assessment 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSampling Parameters 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDocumentation and Maps 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat to Conclude from Weed Mapping Data? 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Mapping: Where to Go? 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Seed Biology and Population Dynamics 85\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKirsten S. Tørresen, Laila M. Karlsson and Jose Luis Gonzalez]Andujar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeed Biology 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeed Production and Dispersal 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeed]Bank 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGermination and Dormancy 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGermination 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDormancy 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSprouting from Vegetative Plant Parts 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePredicting Seedling Emergence 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpirical Models 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanistic Models 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChallenges in Predicting Emergence 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImportance for Weed Control 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation Dynamics 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDynamics in Time and Space 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModelling 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon]Spatial Models 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpatial Models 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractical Applications in Weed Science 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of Management Systems 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDecision Support Systems 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChallenges in Modelling Population Dynamics 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Prospects 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Weeds and Biodiversity 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eBärbel Gerowitt, Paolo Bàrberi, Henri Darmency, Sandrine Petit, Jonathan Storkey and Paula Westerman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArable Weeds in the Context of Biodiversity 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunctional Biodiversity 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgronomic Services and Disservices Associated with Weeds 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Diversity in Weeds 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow to Measure Genetic Diversity 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAt Which Scale Can Genetic Diversity Be Described? 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Is It Important to Understand Weed Genetic Diversity? 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRare Weed Species as Objects of Conservation 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrivers of Arable Weed Declines 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Rare Weed Trait Syndrome 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConserving Rare Weed Communities 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeeds in Food Chains of Arable Systems 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors Influencing Seed]Based Food Webs in Agroecosystems 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Seed Production 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithin]Season Temporal Variability 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBetween]Season Temporal Variability 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpatial Variability 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeed Morphology and Chemistry 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Diversity 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrent Status of Seed]Based Food Webs on Farms and Management Options 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiversity of Weeds and Arable Management 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSite Conditions of Arable Fields Filter for Weed Communities 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods to Identify and Separate the Influence of Arable Site and Arable Management on Weed Diversity 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArable Management Determines Weed Diversity 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Diversity Versus Weed Abundance 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiversity in Weeds Facilitates Management Options 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiversity of Weeds in a Landscape Context 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Landscape Context of Weeds 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConducting Landscape]Scale Weed Studies 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLandscape Effects on Weed Biodiversity: Empirical Evidence 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiodiversity of Weeds and Public Interest 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eField Margin Programmes 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEncouraging Weed Diversity in Farming 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions and Perspectives 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Optimising Herbicide Performance 149\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePer Kudsk\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerbicide Classification 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptimising Herbicide Performance: How to Study It 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiotic Factors 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Flora 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Growth Stage 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrop Competition 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbiotic Factors 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoil Texture 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimatic Conditions 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLight 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTemperature 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHumidity 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrecipitation 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoil moisture 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWind 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplication Technique 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjuvants 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMixtures with Other Herbicides 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks and Future Challenges 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Herbicide Resistance in Weeds 181\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStephen Moss\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistorical Perspective 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Is Herbicide Resistance? 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Worldwide Occurrence of Resistant Weeds 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerbicide Mode of Action and Risk of Resistance 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResistance Mechanisms 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTarget]Site Resistance 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePSII (Triazines) 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eALS Inhibitors 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eACCase Inhibitors 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Herbicide Classes 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon]Target]Site Resistance 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReduced Herbicide Uptake 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReduced Herbicide Translocation 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnhanced Herbicide Metabolism 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvolution of Herbicide Resistance 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInitial Frequency of the Resistance Trait and Size of Weed Population 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Basis of Resistance 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelection Pressure 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency of Herbicide Use 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePersistence of the Herbicide and Pattern of Weed Emergence 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntrinsic Activity of the Herbicide and Degree of Resistance Conferred by the Resistance Mechanism(s) 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecificity of the Herbicide: Number of Species the Herbicide Controls 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeed Bank in the Soil 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResistance Risk 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevention and Management of Herbicide Resistance 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetection of Resistance in the Field 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntegrated Weed Management 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon]Chemical Control Methods 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerbicidal Control 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlternative Herbicides 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMixtures, Sequences and Rotations 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManaging Resistance in Alopecurus Myosuroides (Black]grass): A Case Study 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFarmer Psychology: An Under]Recognised Component of Resistance Management 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Weed Biological Control 215\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRichard H. Shaw and Paul E. Hatcher\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions of Weed Biocontrol 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiocontrol of Weeds in European Extensive Agriculture 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCirsium Arvense 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRumex Species 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiocontrol of Weeds in Intensive Agriculture 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiocontrol of Non]native Weeds 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmbrosia 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn Summary 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombining Biocontrol with Other Weed Control Techniques 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombining with Other Non]Chemical Control Methods 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombination with Herbicides 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArthropod Biocontrol Agents 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFungal Biocontrol Agents 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLegislation, Responsibilities and Drivers 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArthropods 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFungi 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Non]Chemical Weed Management 245\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBo Melander, Matt Liebman, Adam S. Davis, Eric R. Gallandt, Paolo Bàrberi, Anna]Camilla Moonen, Jesper Rasmussen, Rommie van der Weide and Francesco Vidotto\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreventive and Cultural Weed Control 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObjectives, Principles and Practices 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObjective 1: Reduce Weed Density 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObjective 2: Reduce Damage Per Surviving Weed 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObjective 3: Prevent Undesirable Shifts in Weed Community Composition 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrent Adoption and Challenges 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCover Crops and Mulches 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanisms of Cover Crop–Weed Interactions 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChallenges for Research 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanical Weed Control 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow It Works 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShortcomings 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChallenges for Research 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Weed Control 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Weed Control in Practice 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChallenges for Research 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Invasive Plants 271\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eChristian Bohren\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Do Invasive Plants Symbolise such a Threat? 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvasive Weeds and Human Health 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmbrosia 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGiant Hogweed 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeedy Crops, Super Weeds and Mimetic Weeds 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvasive Aquatic Weeds 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Intervention 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Curiosity 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReasons for Increased Occurrence of Invasive Weeds 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponsibility 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScientific Prioritisation 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopular Prioritisation 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImplementation 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFacts Concerning Plant Invasion 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Early Beginnings 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanging Land Use and Fishery 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRapid Adaptation 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeeds, Invasives and Climate Change 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Makes Plant Invaders so Successful? 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCan We Predict Plant Invasions? 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Has Been Done so Far? 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDatabases 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuropean Initiative 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuropean Food Safety Agency (EFSA) 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuphresco 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSMARTER 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the EWRS Invasive Plants Working Group 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMission 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking Group Activities 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePonta Delgada, Azores, Portugal, 2006 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOsijek, Croatia, 2008 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAscona, Switzerland, 2011 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMontpellier, France, 2014 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEPPO Trabzon 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNEOBIOTA 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAquatic Weeds 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions and Plant Lists 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvasive Plant 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlant Invader 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvasion Trajectory 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvasive Species Lists 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl Strategies for Invasive Weeds 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological Control Versus Conventional Control 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLearning to Control Invasions 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial and Economic Aspects 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnthriscus 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJapanese Knotweed 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBracken 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmbrosia 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevention 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Detection 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRapid Response 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePest Risk Assessment 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecies]Specific Control 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Parasitic Weeds 313\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaurizio Vurro, Alejandro Pérez] de]Luque and Hanan Eizenberg\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassification 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrobanchaceae (Broomrape Family) 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCuscuta 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLife]Cycle 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBroomrapes 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDodder 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistribution at the European Level, Host Range and Yield Losses 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement Strategies 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement and Control 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological Control 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNatural Products 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrigolactones and Other Germination Stimulants 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNanotechnological Approaches 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Resistance 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefensive Mechanisms 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNovel Genetic Approaches 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChemical Control of Broomrapes 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerbicide]Resistant Crops for Broomrape Control 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeveloping Models for Optimising Chemical Control of Root Parasitic Weeds 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrecision Agriculture 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Weed Management Systems in Vegetables 355\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrancesco Tei and Euro Pannacci\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed Flora 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeed–Vegetable Crop Interactions 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntegrated Weed Management 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreventive Measures 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCultural Methods 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrop Rotation 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCover]crops 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStale Seed]Bed Preparation 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCultivar Selection 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanting Method, Planting Pattern, Row Spacing and Crop Density 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Weed Control 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon]Living Mulches 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolarisation 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlaming 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSteaming 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanical Weed Control 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHand]Weeding 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological Weed Control 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChemical Weed Control 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions and Perspectives 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Perennial Weeds 389\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePaul E. Hatcher\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerennating Structures 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFragmentation, Nutrient Reserves and Regrowth 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDormancy of Vegetative Structures 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrassland Perennials 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerennials in Organic Arable Systems 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerennials of Southern European Agriculture 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCyperus Species 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSorghum Halepense 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBracken 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion: Perennial Weeds in the Future 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimate Change 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReduced Tillage 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 000\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49528868733271,"sku":"9781119969143","price":172.85,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119969143.jpg?v=1731873342","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/weed-research-9781119969143","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}