{"product_id":"unique-methods-for-analyzing-failures-and-catastrophic-events-9781119748250","title":"Unique Methods for Analyzing Failures and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA practical and accessible approach to machinery troubleshooting\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eUnique Methods for Analyzing Failures and Catastrophic Events\u003c\/i\u003e is designed to assist practicing engineers address design and fabrication problems in manufacturing equipment to support safe process operation. Throughout the book, a wealth of real-world case studies and easy-to-understand illustrated examples demonstrate how to use simplified failure analysis methods to produce insights for a wide range of engineering problems. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDr. Anthony Sofronas draws from his five decades of industry experience to help engineers better understand the science behind a particular problem, evaluate the failure analysis of an outside consultant, and recommend the best path forward to management. The author distills sophisticated engineering analysis approaches into compact, user-friendly methodologies that can be easily applied to the readers' own situations to avoid costly failures. Each chapter includes a thorough su\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Engineering Suggestions Based on Experience 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 What Should We Learn from This Book? 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 Summary 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 We All Contribute to Each Other’s Success 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Summary 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Why Performing Calculations is Important to an Engineer’s Career 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Summary 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 How an Engineering Consultant Can Help Your Company 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Summary 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 The Benefit of Keeping Complex Problems Simple 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Summary 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Taking Risks and Making High-Level Presentations 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 Summary 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Searching the Literature for Data 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Equations 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Facts 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.3 Credibility 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.4 Accuracy of the Data 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.5 Sources to Search 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.6 Summary 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Cautions to New to Industry Technical Personnel 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.1 The Wrong Frequency 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.2 Using the Incorrect Measuring Technique 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.3 Never Under-Estimate the Value of Experienced People 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.4 Check and Double Check Your Design 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.5 Some Understand the Equipment Much Better Than You 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.6 Summary 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 A Method for Analyzing Catastrophic Type Failures 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Evaluating Failures and Designs 25\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Twenty Rules to Remember 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Summary 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 How to Avoid Being Overwhelmed in a Failure Situation 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Summary 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Catastrophic Failures and the Human Factor 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Summary 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 The Importance of Alliances and Networking 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Summary 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Personal Checklists are Important 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Checklist for Vibration Analysis 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 Summary 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Checklist for New Piping System Installations 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Checklists for Pumps and Compressors 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Understanding What the Failure Data Is Telling You 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.1 Gear Damage 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.2 Shaft Failures 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.3 Weld Failures 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.4 Bolt Failures 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.5 Brittle Fracture Failures 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.6 Anti-Friction Bearing Failures 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.7 Spring Failures 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.8 Drilled Holes 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.9 Summary 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Phantom Failures and Their Dilemma 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.1 Summary 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11 Various Types of Equipment and Their Failure Loads 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.1 Summary 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Mechanical Failures 53\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Preventing Crankshaft Failures in Large Reciprocating Engines 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Summary 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Structural Collapse of a Reinforced Concrete Bridge 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Summary 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Failure Analysis Computations Differ from Design 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Summary 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Crack Growth and the Bending Failures of a Hollow Shaft 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 An In-Service Failure Example 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 The Assumptions and Comparisons 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Summary 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Why Did a Small Piece of Foam Cause the Shuttle Columbia to Crash? 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Summary 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Can the Aircraft Cowling Contain a Broken Turbine Blade? 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Summary 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Why Did My Car Windshield Break from a Very Small Stone? 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.1 Summary 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Momentum or Why a Car Is Harder to Push and Then Easier When Rolling 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.1 Summary 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Bearing Failure Due To Design Error 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.1 Summary 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 What Is the Shortest Stopping Distance for My Car? 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10.1 Summary 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11 How Hot Do Brake Disks Get in a Panic Stop? 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.1 Summary 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.12 Will the Turbocharger Disk Go Through its Housing? 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.12.1 Summary 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13 Failure of an Agitator Gearbox 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13.1 Summary 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.14 Failure of an Extruder Screw 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.14.1 Summary 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15 Failure of a Steam Turbine Blade 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15.1 Summary 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.16 How Long Will It Last? 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.16.1 Summary 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.17 Gear Life With a Load 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.17.1 Summary 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.18 Analyzing the Life of a Gear 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.18.1 Summary 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.19 Predicting the Cause of a Gear Tooth Crack Growth Past and Future 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.20 Nonlinear and Linear Impact Problems 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.20.1 Summary 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.21 Phantom Failure of an Expander–Dryer 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.21.1 Summary 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.22 Cracking of a Rail Hopper Car Due to Couple-Up 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.23 Loss of Oil Supply and Gear Set Destruction 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.24 Analyzing the Total Collapse of a Multi-Story Building 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Examples 116\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Addressing Heat Exchanger Tube Leaks 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Summary 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Explaining Flow Through Piping Using the Poiseuille Equation 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Summary 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 A Local Flooding Event at a Plant Site 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Summary 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Examining Fan System Pulsations 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Summary 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 The Dynamics of How an Aircraft Flies 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Summary 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 How Much Wind Does It Take to Blow Over a Motor Coach? 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Summary 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 How Much Wind Force to Buckle an Aircraft Hanger Door? 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.1 Summary 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 How Much Water on a Road to Float a Car? 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8.1 Summary 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 How Fast Does an Object Hit the Ground? 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9.1 Summary 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Collapse of a Bubble and the Excitation Force on a Structure 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10.1 Summary 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.11 Failure of a Cooling Tower Pump Due to Water Hammer 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.11.1 Summary 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.12 Braking Resistor Burn-Out on a Locomotive 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.12.1 Summary 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.13 Will a Small Ice Air Conditioner Work? 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.13.1 Summary 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.14 Prototype of Smallest Air Ice Cooler 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.14.1 Summary 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Sports Examples 151\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Why Does a Baseball Curve? 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Summary 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 How Far Does a Baseball Go When Hit with Drag? 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Summary 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 What Is the Force of a Batted Baseball? 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Summary 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Why Doesn’t a Baseball Catcher’s Arm Break with a 100-mph Fastball? 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Some Data 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Summary 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Dynamics of a Billiard Ball 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Summary 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 How Far Can a Golf Ball Go? 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Summary 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 What Causes an Ice Skater to Spin so Fast? 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.1 Summary 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Why Don’t High Divers Get Injured? 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.1 Summary 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 How Hard Is a Boxers Punch? 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9.1 Summary 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Gas Explosion Events 165\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Energy in Steam Boiler Explosions 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Summary 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Delayed Fireball-Type Explosions 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Summary 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Method for Investigating Hydrocarbon Explosions 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Summary 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Pipeline Explosion Critical Zone 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Summary 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Pneumatic Explosion Debris Range 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Summary 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 How Are the Effect of Massive Energy Releases Compared? 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Summary 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Engine Air Intake Manifold Explosion 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Summary 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Vibration and Impact: The Cause of Failures 186\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Investigating a Possible Cause for a Coupling Failure in a Centrifugal Compressor 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Summary 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Sudden Power Interruption to a System 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Summary 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Effect of Liquid Slug in a Centrifugal Compressor 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Summary 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Weld Failures in Vibrating Equipment 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Summary 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Effect of Gear Chatter on Pinion Teeth Impact 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Summary 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Holzer Method for Calculating Torsional Multi-mass Systems 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Summary 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 What to do When the Vibration Levels Increase on Large Gearboxes 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 Summary 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 How Vibratory Torque Relates to Bearing Cap Vibration in a Gearbox 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.1 Summary 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Vibration of a Polymer Extruder Gearbox 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9.1 Summary 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Processing and Wear Load Increase in a Polymer Extruder 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10.1 Summary 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Vibration Charts Can Give Faulty Information 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11.1 Summary 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Have Torsional Vibrations Caused the Gearbox Pinion to Fail? 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12.1 Summary 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Examining the Human Body 219\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 What Causes Football Brain Injuries? 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Summary 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Life Assessment Diagrams 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Summary 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Assessing the Cumulative Damage Done by Head Impacts 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Summary 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 What Happens When I Hit My Head and See Stars? 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Summary 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 How Does the Body Keep Cool? 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Summary 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 How Do Our Muscles Work? 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Summary 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Why Do People Die from Heatstroke in a 75 ∘ FCar? 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 Summary 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 What Damage Can a Safety Airbag Do to a Human? 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.1 Summary 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 How Is Blood Pressure Measured? 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.1 Summary 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 How Does the Heart Work? 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10.1 Summary 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.11 Restricting the Spread of a Virus 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.11.1 Summary 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.12 Why Do Some Survive a Freefall Out of an Aircraft? 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.12.1 Summary 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Other Curious Catastrophic Failures Related to Earth 247\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Can an Asteroid Be Deflected from Hitting Earth? 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Summary 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 What Size Crater Does a Large Asteroid Make When It Hits Earth? 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Summary 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 What Is an Earthquake? 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Summary 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Earthquakes Are so Strong Why Don’t They Do More Damage? 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Summary 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Concerns on the Super-Volcano Under Yellowstone National Park 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 Summary 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 What Is a Tsunami and How Do They Form? 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.1 Summary 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 What Is a Tornado? 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1 Summary 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Can a Tornado Really Lift a House? 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.1 Summary 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Can Straw Penetrate a Tree in a Tornado? 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.1 Summary 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 What Is a Hurricane? 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.1 Summary 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Strange Occurrences and Other Interesting Items 268\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 What in the Force of a Ship Hitting a Whale? 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Summary 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 How Much Wind to Blow Over a Tree 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Summary 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Why Do Objects Appear Smaller Than They Are? 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Summary 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Do We Feel a Force When Near Large Objects? 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Summary 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Why Does the Moon Sometimes Appear So Big on the Horizon? 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Summary 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 How Does an Air Conditioner Operate? 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Summary 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 How Fast to Heat Up a Room? 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.1 Summary 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 How Do I Size an Air Conditioner for a Garage? 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.1 Summary 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 At What Speed Does a Locomotive Become De-railed? 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9.1 Summary 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Are Those Huge Cruise Ships Stable? 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10.1 Summary 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Why Are Arches Used? 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.1 Summary 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12 Why Don’t Bighorn Sheep Die When Banging Their Heads? 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12.1 Summary 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.13 Why Can’t We Walk on Water? 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.13.1 Summary 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14 How to Predict the Outcome of the Stock Market 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14.1 Summary 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.15 Things Aren’t as Random as They May Appear 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.15.1 Summary 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.16 Why Do Certain Events Seem to Happen Quite Often? 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.16.1 Summary 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.17 Occurrences on Machines and Structures 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.17.1 Summary 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.18 How Long Does It Take to Thaw a Frozen Turkey and to Cook It? 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.18.1 Summary 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Magic Tricks Using Engineering Principles 301\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Surface Tension and Floating Metal 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Summary 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Acceleration of Gravity and the Money Challenge 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Summary 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 The Jumping Coin 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Summary 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 The Belt Balancing Act 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Summary 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 How Can It Be Held Up by Threads? 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Summary 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Pulling the Tablecloth 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Summary 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Useful Forms of the Equations Used in this Book 312\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 The Equations of Motion 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Newton’s First Law of Force 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Newton’s Second Law of Force 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Newton’s Third Law of Force 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Newton’s Gravitation Theory 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Static Equilibrium 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Momentum and Impulse 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Kinetic Energy 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Potential Energy 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 Conservation of Energy 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.11 Bernoulli’s Equation 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12 Specific Heat Equation 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13 Conduction Equation 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.14 Convection Equation 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.15 Radiation Equation 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.16 Theories of Material Failure 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.17 Archimedes Principle 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.18 Centrifugal Force 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.19 What Is Enthalpy? 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 A Little About Some Famous Scientists Mentioned in This Book 319\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Isaac Newton (1642–1726 AD) 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782 AD) 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Archimedes of Syracuse (287–212 BC) 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 William Rankine (1820–1872 AD) 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519 AD) 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Heinrich Holzer 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Stephan Timoshenko (1878–1972) 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Jacob P. Den Hartog (1901–1989) 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Wilson, Ker, William 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 325\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407136956759,"sku":"9781119748250","price":80.71,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119748250.jpg?v=1730498310","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/unique-methods-for-analyzing-failures-and-catastrophic-events-9781119748250","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}