{"product_id":"tradeoff-analytics-9781119237532","title":"Tradeoff Analytics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePresentsinformationto create a trade-off analysis framework for use in government and commercial acquisition environments\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis book presents a decision management process based on decision theory and cost analysis best practices aligned with the ISO\/IEC 15288, the Systems Engineering Handbook, and the Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge. It provides a sound trade-off analysis framework to generate the tradespace and evaluate value and risk to support system decision-making throughout the life cycle. Trade-off analysis and risk analysis techniques are examined. The authors present an integrated value trade-off and risk analysis framework based on decision theory. These trade-off analysis concepts are illustrated in the different life cycle stages using multiple examples from defense and commercial domains.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides techniques to identify and structure stakeholder objectives and creative, doable alternatives\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents the advantages and disadvantag\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeword xxxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xli\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xlv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to Trade-off Analysis 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGregory S. Parnell, Matthew Cilli, Azad M. Madni and Garry Roedler\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Trade-off Analyses Throughout the Life Cycle 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Trade-off Analysis to Identify System Value 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Trade-off Analysis to Identify System Uncertainties and Risks 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Trade-off Analyses can Integrate Value and Risk Analysis 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Trade-off Analysis in the Systems Engineering Decision Management Process 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Trade-off Analysis Mistakes of Omission and Commission 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Mistakes of Omission 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Mistakes of Commission 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.3 Impacts of the Trade-Off Analysis Mistakes 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Overview of the Book 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.1 Illustrative Examples and Techniques Used in the Book 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Key Terms 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10 Exercises 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 A Conceptual Framework and Mathematical Foundation for Trade-Off Analysis 29\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGregory S. Parnell, Azad M. Madni and Robert F. Bordley\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Trade-Off Analysis Terms 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Influence Diagram of the Tradespace 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Stakeholder Needs System Functions and Requirements 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Objectives 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 System Alternatives 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Uncertainty 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Preferences and Evaluation of Alternatives 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6 Resource Analysis 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7 An Integrated Trade-Off Analyses 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Tradespace Exploration 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Summary 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Key Words 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Exercises 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Quantifying Uncertainty 51\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRobert F. Bordley\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Sources of Uncertainty in Systems Engineering 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 The Rules of Probability and Human Intuition 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Probability Distributions 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Calculating Probabilities from Experiments 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Calculating Complex Probabilities from Simpler Probabilities 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Calculating Probabilities Using Parametric Distributions 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Applications of Parametric Probability Distributions 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Estimating Probabilities 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Using Historical Data 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Using Human Judgment 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Biases in Judgment 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Modeling Using Probability 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Bayes Nets 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Monte Carlo Simulation 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Monte Carlo Simulation with Dependent Uncertainties 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.4 Monte Carlo Simulation with Partial Information on Output Values 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.5 Variations on Monte Carlo Simulation 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.6 Sensitivity Analysis 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Summary 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Key Terms 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Exercises 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Analyzing Resources 91\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdward A. Pohl, Simon R. Goerger and Kirk Michealson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Resources 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 People 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Facilities 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Costs 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Resource Space 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Cost Analysis 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Cost Estimation 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Cost Estimation Techniques 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Learning Curves 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Net Present Value 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Monte Carlo Simulation 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.6 Sensitivity Analysis 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Affordability Analysis 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Background 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 The Basics of Affordability Analysis Are Not Difficult 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 DoD Comparison of Cost Analysis and Affordability Analysis 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Affordability Analysis Definitions 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 “Big A” Affordability Analysis Process Guide 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Key Terms 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Excercises 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Understanding Decision Management 155\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMatthew Cilli and Gregory S. Parnell\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Decision Process Context 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Decision Process Activities 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Frame Decision 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Develop Objectives and Measures 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Generate Creative Alternatives 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Assess Alternatives via Deterministic Analysis 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.5 Synthesize Results 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.6 Develop Multidimensional Value Model 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.7 Identify Uncertainty and Conduct Probabilistic Analysis 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.8 Assess Impact of Uncertainty 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.9 Improve Alternatives 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.10 Communicating Trade-Offs 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.11 Present Recommendation and Implementation Plan 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Summary 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Key Terms 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Exercises 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Identifying Opportunities 203\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDonna H. Rhodes and Simon R. Goerger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Knowledge 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Domain Knowledge 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Technical Knowledge 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Business Knowledge 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Expert Knowledge 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.5 Stakeholder Knowledge 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Decision Traps 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Techniques 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Interviews 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Focus Groups 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Surveys 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Tools 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Concept Map 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 System Boundary 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Decision Hierarchy 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.4 Issues List 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.5 Vision Statement 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.6 Influence Diagram 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.7 Selecting Appropriate Tools and Techniques 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Illustrative Examples 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Commercial 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Defense 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Key Terms 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Exercises 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Identifying Objectives and Value Measures 233\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGregory S. Parnell and William D. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Value-Focused Thinking 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Four Major VFT Ideas 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Benefits of VFT 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Shareholder and Stakeholder Value 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Private Company Example 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Government Agency Example 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Challenges in Identifying Objectives 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Identifying the Decision Objectives 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Questions to Help Identify Decision Objectives 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 How to Get Answers to the Questions 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 The Financial or Cost Objective 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Financial Objectives for Private Companies 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Cost Objective for Public Organizations 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Developing Value Measures 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Structuring Multiple Objectives 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.1 Value Hierarchies 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.2 Techniques for Developing Value Hierarchies 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.3 Value Hierarchy Best Practices 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.4 Cautions about Cost and Risk Objectives 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Illustrative Examples 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9.1 Military Illustrative Example 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9.2 Homeland Security Illustrative Example 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Summary 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Key Terms 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Exercises 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Developing and Evaluating Alternatives 257\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eC. Robert Kenley, Clifford Whitcomb and Gregory S. Parnell\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Overview of Decision-making Creativity and Teams 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Approaches to Decision-Making 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Cognitive Methods for Creating Alternatives 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Key Concepts for Building and Operating Teams 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Alternative Development Techniques 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Structured Creativity Methods 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Morphological Box 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Pugh Method for Alternative Generation 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 TRIZ for Alternative Development 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Assessment of Alternative Development Techniques 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Alternative Evaluation Techniques 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Decision-Theory-Based Approaches 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Pugh Method for Alternative Evaluation 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Axiomatic Approach to Design (AAD) 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.4 TRIZ for Alternative Evaluation 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.5 Design of Experiments (DOE) 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.6 Taguchi Approach 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.7 Quality Function Deployment (QFD) 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.8 Analytic Hierarchy Process AHP 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Assessment of Alternative Evaluation Techniques 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Key Terms 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Exercises 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 An Integrated Model for Trade-Off Analysis 297\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlexander D. MacCalman, Gregory S. Parnell and Sam Savage\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Conceptual Design Example 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Integrated Approach Influence Diagram 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Decision Nodes 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Uncertainty Nodes 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Constant Node 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Value Nodes 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Other Types of Trade-Off Analysis 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Simulation Tools 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 Monte Carlo Simulation Proprietary Add-Ins 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.2 The Discipline of Probability Management 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.3 SIPmath\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c\/sup\u003e Tool in Native Excel 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.4 Model Building Steps 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Summary 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Key Terms 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Exercises 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Exploring Concept Trade-Offs 337\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAzad M. Madni and Adam M. Ross\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Key Concepts Concept Trade-Offs and Concept Exploration 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Defining the Concept Space and System Concept of Operations 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Exploring the Concept Space 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Storytelling-Enabled Tradespace Exploration 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Decisions and Outcomes 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Contingent Decision-Making 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Trade-off Analysis Frameworks 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Tradespace and System Design Life Cycle 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 From Point Trade-offs to Tradespace Exploration 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Value-based Multiattribute Tradespace Analysis 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.1 Tradespace Exploration and Sensitivity Analysis 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.2 Tradespace Exploration and Uncertainty 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.3 Tradespace Exploration with Spiral Development 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.4 Tradespace Exploration in Relation to Optimization and Decision Theory 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Illustrative Example 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.1 Step 1: Determine Key Decision-Makers 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.2 Step 2: Scope and Bound the Mission 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.3 Step 3: Elicit Attributes and Utilities (Preference Capture) 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.4 Step 4: Define Design Vector Elements (Concept Generation) 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.5 Step 5: Develop Model(s) (Evaluation) 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.6 Step 6: Generate the Tradespace (Computation) 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.7 Step 7: Explore the Tradespace (Analysis and Synthesis) 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Conclusions 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Key Terms 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Exercises 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Architecture Evaluation Framework 377\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames N. Martin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Architecture in the Decision Space 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Architecture Evaluation 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.3 Architecture Views and Viewpoints 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.4 Stakeholders 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.5 Stakeholder Concerns 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.6 Architecture versus Design 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.7 On the Uses of Architecture 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.8 Standardizing on an Architecture Evaluation Strategy 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Key Considerations in Evaluating Architectures 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Plan-Driven Evaluation Effort 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Objectives-Driven Evaluation 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Assessment versus Analysis 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Architecture Evaluation Elements 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Architecture Evaluation Approach 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Architecture Evaluation Objectives 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Evaluation Approach Examples 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 Value Assessment Methods 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.5 Value Assessment Criteria 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.6 Architecture Analysis Methods 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Steps in an Architecture Evaluation Process 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Example Evaluation Taxonomy 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Business Impact Factors 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Mission Impact Factors 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Architecture Attributes 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Summary 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Key Terms 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Exercises 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Exploring the Design Space 405\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eClifford Whitcomb and Paul Beery\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Example 1: Liftboat 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Liftboat Fractional Factorial Design of Experiments 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Liftboat Design Trade-Off Space 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Liftboat Uncertainty Analysis 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Liftboat Example Summary 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Example 2: Cruise Ship Design 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Cruise Ship Taguchi Design of Experiments 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Cruise Ship Design Trade-Off Space 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Cruise Ship Example Summary 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Example 3: NATO Naval Surface Combatant Ship 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 NATO Surface Combatant Ship Stakeholder Need 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 NATO Surface Combatant Ship Box–Behnken Design of Experiments 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 NATO Surface Combatant Ship Cost-Effectiveness Trade-Off 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 NATO Surface Combatant Ship Design Tradespace 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5 NATO Surface Combatant Ship Design Trade-Off 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.6 NATO Surface Combatant Ship Trade-Off Summary 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Key Terms 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Exercises 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Sustainment Related Models and Trade Studies 437\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJohn E. MacCarthy and Andres Vargas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Availability Modeling and Trade Studies 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 FMDS Background 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 FMDS Availability Trade Studies 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Section Synopsis 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Sustainment Life Cycle Cost Modeling and Trade Studies14 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 The Total System Life Cycle Model 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 The O\u0026amp;S Cost Model 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Life Cycle Cost Trade Study 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Optimization in Availability Trade Studies 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Setting Up the Optimization Problem 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Instantiating the Optimization Model 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 Discussion of the Optimization Model Results 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.4 Deterministic Sensitivity Analysis 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Monte Carlo Modeling 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Input Probability Distributions for the Monte Carlo Model 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Monte Carlo Simulation Results 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Stochastic Sensitivity Analysis 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Chapter Summary 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Key Terms 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Exercises 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Performing Programmatic Trade-Off Analyses 483\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGina Guillaume-Joseph and John E. MacCarthy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 System Acceptance Decisions and Trade Studies 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Acceptance Decision Framework 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Calculating the Confidence That a System Is “Good” 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Acceptance Test Design and Trade Studies 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 A “Delay Fix and Test” Cost Model 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5 The Integrated Decision Model 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.6 Conclusions 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Product Cancelation Decision Trade Study 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Introduction 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Significance 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Defining Failure 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.4 Developing the Predictive Model 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.5 Research Results 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.6 Model Implementation In Industry 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.7 Predictive Model Deployment in Industry 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.8 When the Decision Has Been Made to Cancel the System 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.9 Conclusion 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Product Retirement Decision Trade Study 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Introduction 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Legacy HR Systems 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 The US NAVY Retirement and Decommission Program for Nuclear-Powered Vessels 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.4 Decision Analysis for Decommissioning Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms in California 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.5 System Retirement and Decommissioning Strategy 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.6 Conclusion 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Key Terms 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Exercises 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Summary and Future Trends 571\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGregory S. Parnell and Simon R. Goerger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Major Trade-Off Analysis Themes 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Use Standard Systems Engineering Terminology 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Avoid the Mistakes of Omission and Commission 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Use a Decision Management Framework 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.4 Use Decision Analysis as the Mathematical Foundation 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.5 Explicitly Define the Decision Opportunity 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.6 Identify and Structure Decision Objectives and Measures 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.7 Identify Creative Doable Alternatives 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.8 Use the Most Appropriate Modeling and Simulation Technique for the Life Cycle Stage 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.9 Include Resource Analysis in the Trade-Off Analysis 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.10 Explicitly Consider Uncertainty 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.11 Identify the Cost Value Schedule and Risk Drivers 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.12 Provide an Integrated Framework for Cost Value and Risk Analyses 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Future of Trade-Off Analysis 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Education and Training of Systems Engineers 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Systems Engineering Methodologies and Tools 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.3 Emergent Tradespace Factors 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Summary 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 583\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407016239447,"sku":"9781119237532","price":103.46,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119237532.jpg?v=1730497887","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/tradeoff-analytics-9781119237532","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}