{"product_id":"the-language-encounter-in-the-americas-1492-1800-9781571811608","title":"The Language Encounter in the Americas, 1492-1800","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \tWhen Columbus arrived in the Americas there were, it is believed, as many as 2,000 distinct, mutually unintelligible tongues spoken in the western hemisphere, encompassing the entire area from the Arctic Circle to Tierra del Fuego. This astonishing fact has generally escaped the attention of historians, in part because many of these indigenous languages have since become extinct. And yet the burden of overcoming America's language barriers was perhaps the one problem faced by all peoples of the New World in the early modern era: African slaves and Native Americans in the Lower Mississippi Valley; Jesuit missionaries and Huron-speaking peoples in New France; Spanish conquistadors and the Aztec rulers. All of these groups confronted America's complex linguistic environment, and all of them had to devise ways of transcending that environment - a problem that arose often with life or death implications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \tFor the first time, historians, anthropologists, literature specialists, and linguists have come together to reflect, in the fifteen original essays presented in this volume, on the various modes of contact and communication that took place between the Europeans and the \"Natives.\" A particularly important aspect of this fascinating collection is the way it demonstrates the interactive nature of the encounter and how Native peoples found ways to shape and adapt imported systems of spoken and written communication to their own spiritual and material needs.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \t\u003ci\u003e\"Although the various essays focus on different sets of issues and perspectives, the unifying theme of linguistic or communicative interaction ties them together in complementary ways ... The editors and authors ... have done an excellent job of avoiding esoteric methodologies ... This is a very acceptable interdisciplinary book that will be essential for anyone interested in European and indigenous contacts in the colonial period.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003e  · H-Net Reviews (H-LatAm)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003ci\u003e\"This collection is a very welcome addition to scholarship on Native-European encounters in the New World ... Both the broad coverage and the interdisciplinary approaches ... will offer future scholars of colonial situations conceptual tools ... a strong and accessible collection that will lead scholars of diverse subfields in very profitable common directions.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003e  · Indigenous Nations Studies\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003ci\u003e\"[A] fascinating volume [and] valuable reference for future work.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003e  · American Studies International\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \tPreface\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eNorman Fiering\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eEdward G. Gray\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003ePART I: TERMS OF CONTRACT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 1. \u003c\/strong\u003eBabel of Tongues: Communicating with the Indians in Eastern North America\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eJames Axtell\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 2. \u003c\/strong\u003eThe Use of Pidgins and Jargons on the East Coast of North America\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eIves Goddard\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003ePART II: SIGNS AND SYMBOLS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 3. \u003c\/strong\u003ePictures, Gestures, Hieroglyphs: “Mute Eloquence” in Sixteenth-Century Mexico\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003ePauline Moffitt Watts\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 4. \u003c\/strong\u003eIconic Discourse: The Language of Images in Seventeenth-Century New France\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eMargaret J. Leahey\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 5. \u003c\/strong\u003eMapping after the Letter: Graphology and Indigenous Cartography in New Spain\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eDana Leibsohn\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003ePART III: THE LITERATE AND THE NONLITERATE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 6. \u003c\/strong\u003eContinuity vs. Acculturation: Aztec and Inca Cases of Alphabetic Literacy\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eJosé Antonio Mazzotti\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 7. \u003c\/strong\u003eNative Languages as Spoken and Written: Views from Southern New England\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eKathleen J. Bragdon\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 8. \u003c\/strong\u003eThe Mi’kmaq Hieroglyphic Prayer Book: Writing and Christianity in Maritime Canada, 1675–1921\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eBruce Greenfield\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003ePART IV: INTERMEDIARIES\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 9. \u003c\/strong\u003eInterpreters Snatched from the Shore: The Successful and the Others\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eFrances Karttunen\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 10. \u003c\/strong\u003eMohawk Schoolmasters and Catechists in Mid-Eighteenth-Century Iroquoia: An Experiment in Fostering Literacy and Religious Change\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eWilliam B. Hart\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 11. \u003c\/strong\u003eThe Making of Logan, the Mingo Orator\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eEdward G. Gray\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003ePART V: THEORY\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 12. \u003c\/strong\u003eSpanish Colonization and the Indigenous Languages of America\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eIsaías Lerner\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 13. \u003c\/strong\u003eDescriptions of American Indian Word Forms in Colonial Missionary Grammars\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eLieve Jooken\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 14. \u003c\/strong\u003e“Savage” Languages in Eighteenth-Century Theoretical History of Language\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cem\u003eRüdiger Schreyer\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \tSelect Bibliography\u003cbr\u003e \tList of Contributors\u003cbr\u003e \tIndex\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Berghahn Books, Incorporated","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51041411236183,"sku":"9781571811608","price":26.55,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781571811608.jpg?v=1750950165","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/the-language-encounter-in-the-americas-1492-1800-9781571811608","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}