{"product_id":"the-empathy-gap-male-disadvantages-and-the-mechanisms-of-their-neglect-9780957168886","title":"The Empathy Gap Male Disadvantages and the Mechanisms of Their Neglect","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Empathy Gap presents extensive empirical evidence that men and boys are disadvantaged across a huge range of the most important areas of life, contrary to popular prejudice. These male disadvantages are hypothesised to originate in deep rooted, and culturally enhanced, biases which favour females and create an empathy gap towards males.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface 1. The Differently Gendered Society\t1. 1.1 Purpose of this Book\t1. 1.2 Equality?\t2. 1.3 What is the Origin of the Empathy Gap?\t6 1.3.1 The Nine Factors Underlying the Empathy Gap\t10. 1.3.2 Discussion of the Factors Underlying the Empathy Gap\t18. 1.4 Aims and Limitations\t36. 2. Education\t37. 2.1 Primary School Attainment\t38. 2.2 Secondary School Attainment Aged 16\t40. 2.3 A Levels\t42. 2.4 University Entry\t43. 2.5 Gender Gap and the Nature of the Award\t47. 2.6 Innate Gender Difference? Adult Competencies\t53. 2.7 School Staff and Stereotyping\t55. 2.8 University Staff, STEMM and Athena Swan\t57. 2.9 Gender Skew in Provision\t62. 2.10 Perceptions and Expectations\t64. 2.11 Worldwide\t67. 2.12 Summary: The Education Empathy Gap\t72. 3. Physical Health and Longevity\t75. 3.1 Gender Disparity in Premature and Early Death\t76. 3.2 The Leading Causes of Premature Death (\u0026lt;75)\t78. 3.2.1 Cardiovascular Diseases\t80. 3.2.2 Cancers\t80. 3.2.3 HIV-AIDS\t93. 3.3 The Leading Causes of Early Death (\u0026lt;45)\t93. 3.4 Occupational Health and Workplace Injuries and Deaths\t94. 3.4.1 Workplace Deaths in History\t94. 3.4.2 Workplace Deaths Now\t96. 3.4.3 Non-Fatal Injuries at Work\t96. 3.4.4 Occupational Health Issues\t96. 4. Men's Access to Healthcare and Health Spending by Sex\t99. 4.1 Men's Access to Healthcare\t99. 4.2 Global Health of Men\t106. 4.3 Healthcare and Health Research Spending\t106. 4.3.1 USA Healthcare Spending by Sex\t107. 4.3.2 USA Health Research Spending by Sex\t108. 4.4 The Empathy Gap in Men's Health\t109 5. Male Genital Mutilation: History and Harm\t114. 5.1 Anatomy, Histology and Function of the Foreskin\t117. 5.1.1 Foreskin Development: Retraction\t120. 5.2 The History of MGM\t121. 5.3 MGM Procedures, Practitioners and Risk\t125. 5.3.1 Risks of the Procedure\t127. 5.4 Prevalence and Incidence of MGM\t128. 5.5 The Harmful Effects of MGM\t131. 5.5.1 Studies of Sensitivity\t131. 5.5.2 Studies of Men's Sexual Experience after Circumcision\t134. 5.5.3 Survey Evidence: Men's Subjective Experience of Circumcision\t138 6. MGM: Claimed Benefits and Legality\t141. 6.1 Background to the 2017 review of Morris et al\t141. 6.2 Critique of the claims of Morris et al, 2017.\t143. 6.2.1 Urinary Tract Infections\t143. 6.2.2 Phimosis\t145. 6.2.3 Balanitis \/ Candidiasis\t146. 6.2.4 Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)\t146. 6.2.5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)\t146. 6.2.6 Other Diseases\t150. 6.3 The Opinion of Medical Bodies Worldwide\t152. 6.4 Legal Issues\t155. 6.4.1 The Illegality of MGM in the UK\t155. 6.4.2 Attempts to Make MGM Illegal in Other Countries\t158. 6.5 The Male Genital Mutilation Empathy Gap\t161. 7. Work, Pay, Tax, Spending and Pensions\t164. 7.1 UK Unemployment Data\t165. 7.2 UK Economic Inactivity\t167. 7.3 Gendered Occupations\t169. 7.3.1 The Public Sector\t171. 7.3.2 Armed Forces\t172. 7.3.3 Apprenticeships\t172. 7.3.4 The Gender Equality \"Paradox\"\t173. 7.3.5 Diversity?\t177. 7.4 The UK Gender Pay Gap\t179. 7.5 Gender Pay Gap Reporting: Company Submissions\t183. 7.6 Working Hours: The Gender Pay Gap is a Work Gap\t185. 7.7 Spending and Wealth by Sex\t189. 7.7.1 UK in Year 1993\/4\t190. 7.7.2 Wealth and Spending, UK and USA, 2008 to 2018\t192. 7.8 Income Taxes\t194. 7.9 Pensions\t196. 7.9.1 Occupational and Personal Pensions; the Private and Public Sectors\t196. 7.9.2 The State Pension\t201. 7.9.3 Numbers of Payees and Recipients\t203. 7.9.4 Gender Pension Inequality?\t206. 7.10 Housework and Unpaid Caring\t207. 7.10.1 Men and Housework\t207. 7.10.2 Men as Unpaid Carers\t209. 7.11 The Empathy Gap in Work, Pay, Wealth, Spending and Taxes\t209. 8. Imprisonment\t213. 8.1 Harsher Treatment for Men\t213. 8.1.1 Harsher Treatment Over Time\t213. 8.1.2 Harsher Treatment by Sex\t215. 8.2 Pop Goes the Woozle\t233. 8.3 Characteristics of Prisoners\t235. 8.3.1 Children in Prison\t236. 8.3.2 Prisoners' IQ\t238. 8.4 Male Prisoners and Their Families\t239. 8.5 Self-Harming in Prison\t239. 8.6 Deaths in Prison\t241. 8.6.1 Suicide in Prison\t241. 8.6.2 Deaths in Prison from 'Natural' Causes\t241. 8.7 The Empathy Gap in Imprisonment\t243. 9. Violence and Abuse\t245. 9.1 All Violence\t245. 9.1.1 Victims\t245. 9.1.2 Perpetrators\t251. 9.2 Violence and Abuse Within the Home: Men as Victims\t253. 9.2.1 Incidence of Male Victims: Survey Data\t255. 9.2.2 Severe Force\t258. 9.2.3 Demographic Dependence of DA\t258. 9.2.4 Domestic Violence and Marital Status\t259. 9.2.5. Repeated Domestic Abuse\t260. 9.2.6 Reports to Police, Prosecutions and Convictions\t260. 9.2.7 Domestic Homicides\t261. 9.2.8 International Studies of Domestic Abuse\t268. 9.2.9 Dads as Victims of Domestic Violence\t270. 9.2.10 Domestic Abuse Services: The Sexes Compared\t271. 9.2.11 Perpetrator Programmes\t272. 9.3 The Empathy Gap for Men as Victims of Violence\t275. 10. Family Court Statistics\t280. 10.1 Family Court Statistics (England and Wales)\t280. 10.2 The Paramountcy Principle and the Perception of Risk\t281. 10.3 Legal Aid, LASPO and the Role of False Allegations\t282. 10.3.1 Legal Aid and LASPO\t282. 10.3.2 The Domestic Violence Legal Aid Gateway\t283. 10.3.3 Prevalence of Allegations of Domestic Abuse\t285. 10.3.4 Which Sex Gets Legal Aid in the Family Courts?\t286. 10.3.5 Routes through the Gateway\t289. 10.3.6 Statistics of Domestic Violence Remedy Orders\t290. 10.4 Lobbying and Serious Case Reviews\t292. 10.5 The Empathy Gap Against Fathers in the Family Courts\t294. 11. Are the Family Courts Biased Against Fathers?\t296. 11.1. Introduction\t296. 11.2 The 2008 Study of Hunt \u0026amp; MacLeod\t297. 11.3 Lawyers', Judges' and Court Officers' Opinions\t303. 11.4 The 2015 Study of Harding and Newnham\t304. 11.5 Enforcement\t308. 11.6 What Proportion of Separating Couples Apply to Court?\t312. 11.7 Actual Contact Outcomes\t313. 11.8 Financial Issues\t317. 11.9 The Empathy Gap Against Non-Resident Fathers\t318. 12. Parental Alienation, ACEs and the Woozling of Shared Parenting\t322. 12.1 What is Parental Alienation?\t322. 12.1.1 Prevalence of Alienation\t326. 12.2 Adverse Childhood Experiences\t329. 12.2.1 Behaviour and Health Outcomes of ACEs\t330. 12.2.2 ACEs and Parental Involvement\t332. 12.3 Woozling Shared Parenting\t333. 12.4 Parental Conflict and the Benefit of Contact\t341. 12.5 Empathy Gap in Alienation and Shared Care\t342. 13. The Drivers of Fatherlessness\t343. 13.1 Marriage, Divorce, Cohabitation and Single Living: the Data\t344. 13.2 Statistics on Children's Living Arrangements\t349. 13.3 The Decline of Marriage Drives Fatherlessness\t351. 13.4 The Socioeconomics of Marriage: The Marriage Gap\t353. 13.5 Summary of the Drivers of Fatherlessness\t356. 14. The Effect of Fatherlessness on Outcomes for Children\t358. 14.1 The Differing Perspectives on Fatherhood\t359. 14.2 Families Without Fatherhood, Dennis \u0026amp; Erdos, 1992\t360. 14.3 The Big Picture - A Selection of Studies\t363. 14.4 The Study of Radl, Salazar and Cebolla-Boado, 2017\t368. 14.5 The Study of McLanahan, Tach and Schneider, 2013\t371. 14.6 The Indirect Empathy Gap for Fatherless Children\t373. 15. Paternity and Its Enemies\t375. 15.1 Men's Control Over Their Own Fertility\t376. 15.1.1 Male Contraception\t376. 15.1.2 Option Denied?\t378. 15.1.3 Men's Fertility\t380. 15.2 Mispaternity and Paternity Fraud\t384. 15.2.1 Terminology and Perception\t384. 15.2.2 The Prevalence of Mispaternity\t385. 15.2.3 Men are Not Legally Entitled to Know if a Child is Theirs (UK)\t391. 15.2.4 A \"Thin View\" of Fatherhood?\t395. 15.3 The Empathy Gap Against Paternity and Male Fertility\t402. 16. Homelessness and Loneliness\t403. 16.1 Statutory Homelessness and \"Single\" Homelessness\t403. 16.1.1 Statutory Homelessness in England\t406. 16.1.2 Statutory Homelessness in Scotland\t408. 16.1.3 Statutory Homelessness in Wales\t409. 16.1.4 Statutory Homelessness in Northern Ireland\t410. 16.1.5 Statutory Homelessness: The Big Picture on Gender\t410. 16.2 Rough Sleepers\t411. 16.2.1 Rough Sleeper Counts in England\t411. 16.2.2 CHAIN Data for London\t413. 16.2.3 Rough Sleeper Counts in Wales\t416. 16.3 Deaths of Rough Sleepers\t417. 16.3.1 Bethany Thomas 2012 Data\t417. 16.3.2 ONS Data\t417. 16.3.3 Data from the Bureau of Investigative Journalism\t419. 16.4 Loneliness\t421. 16.4.1 Loneliness Survey in England\t422. 16.4.2 Loneliness Survey in Wales\t424. 16.5 The Empathy Gap in Homelessness and Loneliness\t427. 17. Mental Ill-Health and Substance Abuse\t429. 17.1 Mental Ill Health in Adults\t430. 17.1.1 Common Mental Disorders\t430. 17.1.2 Personality Disorders\t432. 17.1.3 Autism Spectrum Disorders\t434. 17.1.4 Psychotic Disorders\t436. 17.1.5 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)\t437. 17.1.6 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)\t438. 17.1.7 Bipolar Disorder\t439. 17.1.8 Mental Disorders and Employment\t440. 17.1.9 Access to Treatment by Demographic\t440. 17.2 Mental Ill Health in Children and Young Adults\t441. 17.2.1 All Disorders\t441. 17.2.2 Emotional Disorders\t443. 17.2.3 Behavioural Disorders\t444. 17.2.4 Hyperactivity Disorders\t445. 17.2.5 Autism, Eating Disorders and Less Common Disorders\t446. 17.2.6 Mental Health Medication of Children\t447. 17.2.7 Demographic, Lifestyle and Sexuality Factors\t448. 17.2.8 Teenagers and Students in the USA\t449. 17.3 Substance Abuse\t450. 17.3.1 Alcohol Abuse\t451. 17.3.2 Drug Abuse\t451. 17.4 People Detained under the Mental Health Act\t452. 17.5 APA and BPS Guidelines for the Psychological Practice with Boys and Men\t453. 17.5.1 APA Versus Data\t461. 17.6 The Empathy Gap in Mental Health Perceptions\t463. 18. Suicide, Suicidality and Self-Harm\t466. 18.1 Self-Harm, Suicidality and Suicide Attempts (England)\t466. 18.2 Suicide\t470. 18.2.1 UK Suicide Statistics and Trends\t470. 18.2.2 The Suicide Paradox\t476. 18.2.3 Reasons for the High Male Suicide Rate\t476. 18.2.4 Methods of Suicide and Suicide Attempts\t489. 18.3 Male Suicide: Narratives, Rationalisations and Blaming\t491. 18.4 The Empathy Gap in Suicide\t496. 19. Rape and False Allegations\t501. 19.1 Definition of Sexual Offences\t502. 19.2 Prevalence of Rape and Police Reports\t506. 19.3 Conviction Statistics for Rape\t510. 19.3.1 Sex of Rape Victims and Defendants\t516. 19.4 Attrition\t517. 19.5 Rape Trials and Juries\t521. 19.5.1 Video Evidence by Complainants\t522. 19.5.2 \"Training\" Rape Trial Juries\t522. 19.5.3 Rape Trials Without Juries?\t523. 19.6 False Allegations of Rape\t524. 19.6.1 The Harm Done by False Allegations\t531. 19.7 Disclosure\t533. 19.8 The Empathy Gap in Accusations of Sexual Assault\t540. 20. Sexual Assault: The Story Less Told\t543. 20.1 Sex Offender Prisoner Statistics (UK)\t544. 20.2 Examples of Women's Sexual Abuse of Minors\t546. 20.3 The Prevalence of Female Sexual Abuse of Minors (UK)\t550. 20.4 Male Offenders' History of Childhood Sexual Abuse\t552. 20.5 Perceptions of Female Perpetration and the Damage Done\t556. 20.6 The Sex of the Victim\t558. 20.7 Female Offender Sentencing\t559. 20.8 Female Sexual Offending in Correctional Facilities in the USA\t560. 20.9 Sexual Assault of Adult Men by Women\t563. 20.10 Adult Prison Sexual Assault\t568. 20.11 War Rape\t570. 20.12 The Empathy Gap in Sexual Assault\t572. 21. Reprise: The Case for the Empathy Gap\t575. 21.1 Education\t578. 21.2 Health and Longevity\t579. 21.3 Male Genital Mutilation\t581. 21.4 Work, Pay, Tax and Pensions\t582. 21.5 Imprisonment\t584. 21.6 Violence and Abuse\t585. 21.7 Family Courts\t588. 21.8 Alienation, ACES and Shared Care\t590. 21.9 Drivers of Fatherlessness\t591. 21.10 Effects of Fatherlessness on Children\t591. 21.11 Men's Fertility and Paternity Fraud\t592. 21.12 Homelessness and Loneliness\t593. 21.13 Mental Health\t594. 21.14 Suicide\t595. 21.15 Rape and False Allegations\t598. 21.16 Sexual Assault: The Story Less Told\t599. 21.17 In Conclusion\t601. Acronyms\t603. References\t607. Index\t651.","brand":"LPS Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52084115964247,"sku":"9780957168886","price":28.35,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780957168886.jpg?v=1762205133","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/the-empathy-gap-male-disadvantages-and-the-mechanisms-of-their-neglect-9780957168886","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}