{"product_id":"terraforming-mars-9781119761969","title":"Terraforming Mars","description":"\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 1: Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Terraforming and Colonizing Mars 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eGiancarlo Genta\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Earth: A Terraformed Planet 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Planetary Environments 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Terraforming Mars 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 The Role of Solar Wind 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Ethical Aspects 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Venus, Moon, Titan… 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 2: Engineering Mars 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Terraforming Worlds: Humans Playing Games of Gods 25\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eNilo Serpa and Richard Cathcart\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Mars 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOceans Here and There 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mars We are Creating Here 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMars: An Arena of Delusions? 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Mars, A Stepping-Stone World, Macro-Engineered 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eRichard B. Cathcart\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Mars-Crust as Kinetic Architecture 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 A Crust-Infrastructure Mixture 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Infrastructure and Life-Styles 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Atmosphere Enhancements for Mars 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Between Then and Now 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Efficient Martian Settlement with the Mars Terraformer Transfer (MATT) and the Omaha Trail 51\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eGary Stewart\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Construction Efficiencies of MATT’s Small-Scale Terraformation 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Impact Terraformation for Settlement 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Impactor Redirection with DE-STARLITE 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Subaqueous Hab Network at Omaha Crater 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Provisioning Efficiencies of the Omaha Trail 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Deimos Dock 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Mars Lift 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Arestation 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Deimos Rail Launcher (DRL) 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Cosmic Ray Protection: From Omaha Trail to Omaha Shield 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Conclusion 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Mars Colonization: Beyond Getting There \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e73\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIgor Levchenko, Shuyan Xu, St\u003c\/i\u003eé\u003ci\u003ephane Mazouffre, Michael Keidar and Kateryna Bazaka\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Mars Colonization – Do We Need it? 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Legal Considerations 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Do Earth Laws Apply To Mars Colonists? 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Sovereignty 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Human Rights 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Abortion 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Ethical Considerations 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 General 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Human Reproduction – Ethical Considerations 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Social Isolation and No Privacy – Rolled into One 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Advocacy for Mars – is it Ethical at All to Colonize it? 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Consideration of Resources 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Quo Vadis, the Only Civilization We Know? 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Afterword. Where are We Three Years Later? 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Current Programs and Their Status – in Brief 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Any News About Mars? 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.3 Tasks and Challenges 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 3: Ethical Exploration 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 The Ethics of Terraforming: A Critical Survey of Six Arguments 101\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIan Stoner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Audience and Method 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Preservationist Arguments 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 We Should Preserve Mars’s Value as a Unique Object of Scientific Interest 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 We Should Preserve the Integrity of the Martian Wilderness 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 We Should Avoid Expressing Colonialist Vices 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Interventionist Arguments 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 We Should Fulfill our Inborn Nature as Pioneers 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 We Should Increase Our Species’ Chance of Long-Term Survival 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 We Should Rehabilitate Mars for Martians 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Conclusion 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 \u003ci\u003eHomo Reductio \u003c\/i\u003eEco-Nihilism and Human Colonization of Other Worlds 117\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eKelly Smith\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Implicit Assumptions 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Conclusion 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Ethical, Political and Legal Challenges Relating to Colonizing and Terraforming Mars 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eKonrad Szocik\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Ethical Issues in Colonizing and Terraforming Mars 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Ethics of Human Enhancement for Space 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Environmental Ethics in Space 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Political Issues in Colonizing and Terraforming Mars 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Legal Issues in Colonizing and Terraforming Mars 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Sexual and Reproductive Laws in a Mars Colony 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Migration Law in Space 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Why Terraforming Mars May Be Necessary from Ethical, Political and Legal Perspectives 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 Conclusions 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 4: Indigenous Life on Mars 135\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Life on Mars: Past, Present, and Future 137\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMartin Beech and Mark Comte\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 A Very Brief Historical Introduction 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Indigenous Life: Past and Present 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Beginnings 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 The Viking Experiments 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Martian Meteorites 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 In Plain Sight 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Seeded Life: The Future 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Per Aspera ad Astra 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Terraforming on Early Mars? 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. Polgári, I. Gyollai and Sz. Bérczi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Aspects of Biogenicity 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2 Methodology 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.3 Multihierarchical System Analyses 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Outline of Section 10.2 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Review of Research on Martian Life 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Biosignatures in Martian Meteorites Based on Mineralogical and Textural Investigation 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Biosignatures in Chondritic Meteorites 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.1 Interpretations 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.2 Clay Formation 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.3 Interpretation No. 1 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.4 Interpretation No. 2 (Preferred) 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Terrestrial Analogues of Biosignatures 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Implications to Terraforming of Ancient Life on Mars on the Basis of Terrestrial and Meteoritic Analogues 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Novel Interpretation of the Formation Process Based on Mineral Assemblages 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Martian Meteorites 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Interpretation of Mineral Assemblages on Mars 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Novel Interpretation of Mineral Dataset of Exploration of Curiosity in Gale Crater 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Conclusion 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 5: Living on Mars 281\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Omaha Field – A Magnetostatic Cosmic Radiation Shield for a Crewed Mars Facility 283\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eGary Stewart\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Methods 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Software 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Testing 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Design 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Crater 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Current 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Circuits 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Results 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Shielding Against 500 MeV Protons 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Shielding Against 1 GeV Protons 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Shielding Effectiveness in the Mars Environment 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Discussion 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Electrostatics 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Refrigeration 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Self-Shielding Solenoids 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.4 Alternate Self-Shielding and Source-Shielding 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.5 Safety in Transit Across Crater Rim 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.6 Safety in Spacecraft Launch and Landing 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Mars Future Settlements: Active Radiation Shielding and Design Criteria About Habitats and Infrastructures 297\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarco Peroni\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 The Problem of Cosmic Radiations 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 The Protection System with Artificial Magnetic Fields 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Details of Our Proposal 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Further Developments 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Modular Settlement on Mars 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Crop Growth and Viability of Seeds on Mars and Moon Soil Simulants 313\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eG.W.W. Wamelink, J.Y. Frissel, W.H.J. Krijnen and M.R. Verwoert\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Materials and Methods 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Regoliths 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Species Selection 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Organic Matter and Bacteria 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.4 Experimental Design 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.5 Harvest and Measurements 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Results 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Fruit Setting and Biomass 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Seed Weight and Germination 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Discussion 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Outlook Issues for the Future 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 The First Settlement of Mars 331\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eChris Hajduk\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Colony Location 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Colony Timeline 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Setup Phase 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Investment Phase 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Self-Sufficiency 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Colony Design 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 The Basics – Power, Air, Water, Food 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Food 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Water 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.3 Air 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.4 Power 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 The Material World 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.1 Metals 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.2 Plastics 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.3 Ceramics and Composites 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.4 Mining 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Exports, Economics, Investment and Cash Flow 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.1 Interplanetary Real Estate 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.2 Intellectual Property Export 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.3 Research Tourism 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.4 Investment and Cash Flow 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Politics – A Socialist’s World 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Conclusion and Further Thoughts 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 6: \u003ci\u003eIn Situ \u003c\/i\u003eResources 353\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Vulcanism on Mars 355\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIan M. Coulson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Martian Geology 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Mars: Creation and Thermal Evolution 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 The Martian Crust 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Vulcanism 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Types of Volcanoes 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1.1 Earth 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1.2 Mars 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Recognition of Other Styles of Vulcanism 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.3 Martian Meteorites 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.4 Is Mars Still Volcanically Active? 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Potential Impact-Related Mineral Resources on Mars 371\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eJake R. Crandall, Justin Filiberto and Sally L. Potter-McIntyre\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerrestrial Ore Deposit Types Associated with Impact Craters 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProgenetic Deposits 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSyngenetic Deposits 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetic Deposits 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMartian Target Craters 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRitchey Crater 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContents xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGale Crater 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGusev Crater 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Red Gold – Practical Methods for Precious-Metal Survey, Open-Pit Mining, and Open-Air Refining on Mars 389\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eGary Stewart\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Martian Precious-Metal Ore from Asteroids 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Martian Precious-Metal Survey and Physical Assay 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 “Mars Base Alpha” – A Red Gold Mining Camp 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Semi-Autonomous Open-Pit Mining 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Comminution and Separation of Meteorite Ore 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Extracting Metals with Induction\/Microwave Smelter 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Refining with Hydrometallurgical Recovery and the Miller Process 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Separating Precious Metals with Saltwater Electrolysis 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.10 Kovar Foundry 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.11 Maximizing ISRU, Minimizing Mass and Complexity 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.12 Scale-Up and Scale-Out 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.13 Conclusion, with Observations and Recommendations 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 7: Terraforming Mars 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Terraforming Mars: A Cabinet of Curiosities 417\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMartin Beech\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction and Overview 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Planet Mars: A Brief Observational History and Overview 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 The Beginnings of Change 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 The Foundations 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 First Blush 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Digging In 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 (re)Building the Martian Atmosphere 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8 Magnetic Shielding 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9 Heating the Ground 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.10 A Question of Time 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.11 Conclusions 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Terraforming Mars Rapidly Using Today’s Level of Technology 467\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMark Culaj\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Solar Wind 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.1 Solar Wind Abundances 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.2 Magnetic Lens 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Conclusions 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 System Engineering Analysis of Terraforming Mars with an Emphasis on Resource Importation Technology 479\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eBrandon Wong\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Summary 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Introduction 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Key Problem 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Key Stakeholders 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Goals 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Macro Level Alternatives 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6.1 Terraforming 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6.2 Paraterraforming 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6.3 Bioforming 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Macro-Level Trade Study 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Macro-Level Conclusions 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8.1 Concept of Operations 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8.2 High-Level Requirements 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8.3 Requirements Decomposition 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8.4 Macro High-Level Design 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.9 Terraforming Efforts System - Detailed Requirements 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.10 Space Transportation System 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11 Importing Resources Subsystem 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.1 Resources Needed 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.2 Resource Locations 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3 Subsystem Needs 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3.1 Subsystem Goals for Importing Resources Subsystem 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3.2 Detailed Requirements for Importing Resources Subsystem 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3.3 Alternatives for the Importing Resources Subsystem 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3.4 Importing Resources Trade Study 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3.5 Findings 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11.3.6 Importing Resources Subsystem Design 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.12 Risks 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.12.1 Macro-Level Risks 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.12.2 Importing Resources Subsystem Risks 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.13 Lean Strategies 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.14 Ethical Considerations 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.15 Overall Conclusions 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.15.1 Proposed Implementation Plan 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.16 Acknowledgements 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.17 Appendix 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.17.1 Requirements Flowdown to System Implementation 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 The Potential of Pioneer Lichens in Terraforming Mars 533\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eRichard A. Armstrong\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Potential Role of Lichens in Terraformation 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Exploiting Indigenous Lichens 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Exploiting Lichen Symbionts on Mars 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Inoculating Lichen Symbionts from Earth Cultures 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Transplanting Terrestrial Lichens to Mars 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Conclusions 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 555\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53186831483223,"sku":"9781119761969","price":169.16,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/terraforming-mars-9781119761969","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}