{"product_id":"stress-and-your-health-9781118850282","title":"Stress and Your Health","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eStress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience \u003c\/i\u003epresents an evidence-based evaluation of the various effects of stress, along with methods to alleviate distress and stress-related illnesses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eExamines myriad stressor effects and proven ways to alleviate stress in our lives\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCovers a wide range of stressor-related topics including therapeutic strategies to deal with stress and factors that hinder treatment of stress\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMakes difficult biochemical and immunological concepts accessible to a non-specialist audience\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAddresses many of the factors that cause individuals to be more vulnerable to the impact of stressors and at increased risk for pathology\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e“This is a worthwhile read, especially for those wanting to gain a good grounding in the subject of stress.”  (\u003ci\u003eThe British Psychological Society\u003c\/i\u003e, 1 October 2015)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xvi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Stressors, Stress, and Distress 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat this book is about 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat do we mean when we talk about stressors? 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe characteristics of stressors: comparing apples, oranges, and lemons 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic stressors and allostatic overload 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Individual Differences in Relation to Stressors and Stress Responses 12\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVulnerability and resilience 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic influences 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSex 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePersonality differences in relation to stress responses 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevious stressor experiences 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress generation 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Appraising Stressful Events 21\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppraising stressors 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuidance through primary and secondary appraisals 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThinking fast and slow 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuideposts and anchors 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppraisals based on what others think 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppraisals in relation to learning, memory, automaticity, expectation, and habit 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePositive and negative emotions 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGauging stressors 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Coping with Stressors 35\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst responses to stressors 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoping methods 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePersonal growth and finding meaning 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial support 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoneliness 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnsupportive interactions 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial rejection 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForgiveness and trust 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpathy 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Hormones and What They Do 50\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat’s a hormone? 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinking hormones and behaviors 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe hormonal stress response 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHormones of the autonomic nervous system 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe hypothalamic]pituitary]adrenal (HPA) axis and glucocorticoids 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat cortisol (corticosterone) does for us 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cortisol\/corticosterone response to an acute stressor 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCortisol variations in humans 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eYesterday’s stressors influence today’s responses 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cacophony of hormones associated with stress, eating and energy regulation: leptin, ghrelin, CRH, and neuropeptide Y 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOxytocin and positive responses 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstrogen and testosterone 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Neurotransmitter Processes and Growth Factors 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuronal and glial processes in relation to challenges 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStressors influence neurotransmitter functioning 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcetylcholine (ACh) 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSerotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorticotropin releasing hormone (CRH): beyond the HPA system 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlutamate 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGamma]aminobutyric acid (GABA) 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCannabinoids 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurotrophic factors 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe past influences the future 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Immunological Effects of Stressors 84\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA brief look at how the immune system works 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCells of the immune system 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmune memories 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytokines: messenger molecules of the immune system 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmune–hormone interactions 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress, brain processes, and immunological changes 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytokine changes in response to stressors 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go…. 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Stress across the Life Span 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConnections over time 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrenatal experiences 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological correlates of prenatal stress in humans 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsequences of prenatal infection in animals and humans 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress experienced early in life 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransitional periods 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOlder age 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Cardiovascular Disease 108\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoronary artery disease (CAD) 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe heart’s response to a challenge 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePsychosocial factors associated with heart disease 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe influence of stressors on heart disease 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJob strain 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepressive illness and heart disease 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocioeconomic status (SES) 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSex]dependent trajectories for heart disease 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePersonality factors and heart disease 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType A personality 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType D personality 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysiological stress responses associated with heart disease 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSympathetic nervous system reactivity 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInflammatory processes in heart disease 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress, pathogen burden, and heart disease 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity, cytokines, and heart disease 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Diabetes 121\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType 1 diabetes 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType 2 diabetes 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStressor influences in relation to the development of Type 2 diabetes 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmune factors in Type 2 diabetes 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic contributions 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Stress, Immunity, and Disease 128\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunity and illness 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAllergies 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInfectious illness 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStressors influence vulnerability and the course of infectious illness 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune disorders 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExacerbation of autoimmune disorders by stressful experiences 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Stress and Cancer: Cancer and Stress 138\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cancer process 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe stress–cancer link 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImplication for cancer treatment 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress stemming from cancer 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreating cancer]related distress 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Depressive Illnesses and Cognitive Mistakes 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is depression? 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepressive subtypes 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive theories of depressive disorders 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHelplessness 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHopelessness 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepression from an evolutionary perspective 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepression from a neurochemical vantage 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurobiological explanations of depressive disorders 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSerotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in relation to depressive disorders 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene and environmental interactions 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReward processes in depression: dopamine and anhedonia 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepression and anxiety: corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) as a player in depression 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoordination and discoordination of neuronal process: gamma]aminobutyric acid (GABA) 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrowth factors and depression 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInflammatory processes and depressive disorders 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Fretting over Anxiety Disorders 171\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA plague of anxiety disorders 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePanic disorder 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObsessive]compulsive disorder (OCD) 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhobias and social anxiety 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute stress disorder 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePosttraumatic stress disorder 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVulnerability and resilience 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuroanatomical underpinnings of PTSD 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiochemical determinants of PTSD 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCRH and corticoids in relation to PTSD]related memories 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorepinephrine and serotonin and PTSD]related memories 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGABA and the extinction of fear responses in PTSD 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuropeptide Y (NPY) and resilience 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Addictions and Forbidden Fruits 190\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat’s an addiction 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress as a provocateur in the addiction process 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReward and aversion in relation to addiction: a multistep process 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDopamine in relation to stress and reward 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorticotropin hormone in relation to stress and addiction 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCan eating become an addiction? 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn integrated perspective 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment for addictions 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Coping with Illness, Caregiving, and Loss 199\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow might illness come to affect health? 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMajor physical illnesses 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat patients know and what they need to know 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppraising and coping with illness 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePersonal control, decision]making, and trust 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial support and unsupportive interactions in the face of illness 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMood changes associated with illness 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjustment to chronic illnesses: psychological resilience in the face of illness 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress associated with caregiving 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoss and grief 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 The Workplace for Better or Worse 211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJob]related distress 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatus and job strain 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBurnout 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbsenteeism and presenteeism 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBullying in the workplace 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial support in the workplace 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrust in the workplace 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnemployment 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTime management and juggling 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Transmission of Trauma across Generations 220\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraveling across generations 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParental stress influences on children 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntergenerational effects of trauma: beyond poor parenting 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironments modify gene actions 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe case of epigenetic effects 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCollective and historic trauma 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Stress Reduction through Cognitive and Behavioral Strategies 231\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrelude to dealing with stress 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelaxation training 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExposure therapy 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeditation 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMindfulness 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe default mode network 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePositive psychotherapy (PPT) 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGiving and receiving 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe social cure 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Drug Remedies to Attenuate Stress and Stress]Related Disorders 246\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSomething about drug treatments 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlacebo and nocebo responses 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelecting the right treatment and related caveats 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreating depression 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cocktail of acronyms: SNRI, NDRI, NaSSA, MAOI 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKetamine 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeep brain stimulation 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti]inflammatory agents 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreating anxiety disorders 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreating PTSD 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHerbal (naturopathic) treatments 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore you go… 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Epilogue 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt’s OK to go now… 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 272\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default 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