{"product_id":"statistics-allinone-for-dummies-9781119902560","title":"Statistics AllinOne For Dummies","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout This Book 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFoolish Assumptions 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIcons Used in This Book 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeyond the Book 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere to Go from Here 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUnit 1: Getting Started with Statistics 5\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1: The Statistics of Everyday Life 7\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistics and the Media: More Questions than Answers? 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProbing popcorn problems 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVenturing into viruses 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComprehending crashes 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMulling malpractice 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBelaboring the loss of land 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScrutinizing schools 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScanning sports 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBanking on business news 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTouring the travel news 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurveying sexual stats 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBreaking down weather reports 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing Statistics at Work 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelivering babies — and information 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePosing for pictures 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePoking through pizza data 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistics in the office 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2: Taking Control: So Many Numbers, So Little Time 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetecting Errors, Exaggerations, and Just Plain Lies 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking the math 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUncovering misleading statistics 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking for lies in all the right places 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeling the Impact of Misleading Statistics 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3: Tools of the Trade 25\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThriving in a Statistical World 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistics: More than Just Numbers 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesigning Appropriate Studies 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurveys (Polls) 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperiments 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCollecting Quality Data 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample, random, or otherwise 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBias 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrabbing Some Basic Statistical Jargon 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData set 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistic 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParameter 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean (Average) 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedian 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard deviation 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercentile 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard score 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistribution and normal distribution 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentral Limit Theorem 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ez\u003c\/i\u003e-values 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMargin of error 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConfidence interval 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypothesis testing 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ep\u003c\/i\u003e-values 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistical significance 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrelation, regression, and two-way tables 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrawing Credible Conclusions 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReeling in overstated results 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestioning claims of cause and effect 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBecoming a Sleuth, Not a Skeptic 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUnit 2: Number-Crunching Basics 47\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4: Crunching Categorical Data 49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSumming Up Data with Descriptive Statistics 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrunching Categorical Data: Tables and Percents 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCounting on the frequency 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelating with percentages 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo-way tables: Summarizing multiple measures 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting counts and percents with caution 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 4 Quiz 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 4 Quiz 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5: Means, Medians, and More 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring the Center with Mean and Median 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAveraging out to the mean 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSplitting your data down the median 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparing means and medians: Histograms 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccounting for Variation 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReporting the standard deviation 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeing out of range 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining the Empirical Rule (68-95-99.7) 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring Relative Standing with Percentiles 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating percentiles 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting percentiles 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGathering a five-number summary 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExploring interquartile range 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 5 Quiz 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 5 Quiz 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6: Getting the Picture: Graphing Categorical Data 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTake Another Little Piece of My Pie Chart 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTallying personal expenses 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBringing in a lotto revenue 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrdering takeout 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProjecting age trends 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRaising the Bar on Bar Graphs 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTracking transportation expenses 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking a lotto profit 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTipping the scales on a bar graph 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePondering pet peeves 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 6 Quiz 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 6 Quiz 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7: Going by the Numbers: Graphing Numerical Data 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHandling Histograms 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking a histogram 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting a histogram 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting numbers with pictures 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetecting misleading histograms 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining Boxplots 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking a boxplot 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting a boxplot 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTackling Time Charts 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting time charts 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding variability: Time charts versus histograms 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpotting misleading time charts 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 7 Quiz 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 7 Quiz 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUnit 3: Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8: Coming to Terms with Probability 169\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Set Notation Overview 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNoting outcomes: Sample spaces 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNoting subsets of sample spaces: Events 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNoting a void in the set: Empty sets 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting sets together: Unions, intersections, and complements 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProbabilities of Events Involving A and\/or B 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProbability notation 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarginal probabilities 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnion probabilities 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntersection ( joint) probabilities 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplement probabilities 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConditional probabilities 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding and Applying the Rules of Probability 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe complement rule (for opposites, not for flattering a date) 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe multiplication rule (for intersections, not for rabbits) 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe addition rule (for unions of the nonmarital nature) 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecognizing Independence in Multiple Events 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking independence for two events with the definition 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the multiplication rule for independent events 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncluding Mutually Exclusive Events 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecognizing mutually exclusive events 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimplifying the addition rule with mutually exclusive events 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistinguishing Independent from Mutually Exclusive Events 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparing and contrasting independence and exclusivity 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking for independence or exclusivity in a 52-card deck 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAvoiding Probability Misconceptions 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePredictions Using Probability 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 8 Quiz 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 8 Quiz 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9: Random Variables and the Binomial Distribution 199\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining a Random Variable 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscrete versus continuous 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProbability distributions 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe mean and variance of a discrete random variable 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentifying a Binomial 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking binomial conditions step by step 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo fixed number of trials 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore than success or failure 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrials are not independent 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProbability of success (\u003ci\u003ep\u003c\/i\u003e) changes 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding Binomial Probabilities Using a Formula 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding Probabilities Using the Binomial Table 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding probabilities for specific values of \u003ci\u003eX\u003c\/i\u003e 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding probabilities for \u003ci\u003eX \u003c\/i\u003egreater-than, less-than, or between two values 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking Out the Mean and Standard Deviation of the Binomial 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 9 Quiz 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 9 Quiz 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10: The Normal Distribution 219\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExploring the Basics of the Normal Distribution 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeeting the Standard Normal (\u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e-) Distribution 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking out \u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandardizing from \u003ci\u003eX \u003c\/i\u003eto \u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding probabilities for \u003ci\u003eZ \u003c\/i\u003ewith the \u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e-table 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding Probabilities for a Normal Distribution 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnowing Where You Stand with Percentiles 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding \u003ci\u003eX \u003c\/i\u003eWhen You Know the Percent 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring out a percentile for a normal distribution 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTranslating tricky wording in percentile problems 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal Approximation to the Binomial 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 10 Quiz 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 10 Quiz 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11: The \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Distribution 251\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasics of the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Distribution 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparing the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e- and \u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e-distributions 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscovering the effect of variability on \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-distributions 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Table 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding probabilities with the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-table 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring percentiles for the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-distribution 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePicking out \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e*-values for confidence intervals 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudying Behavior Using the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Table 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 11 Quiz 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 11 Quiz 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 12: Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem 263\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining a Sampling Distribution 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mean of a Sampling Distribution 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring Standard Error 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample size and standard error 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation standard deviation and standard error 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at the Shape of a Sampling Distribution 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 1: The distribution of \u003ci\u003eX \u003c\/i\u003eis normal 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 2: The distribution of \u003ci\u003eX \u003c\/i\u003eis not normal — Enter the Central Limit Theorem 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding Probabilities for the Sample Mean 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Sampling Distribution of the Sample Proportion 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding Probabilities for the Sample Proportion 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 12 Quiz 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 12 Quiz 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUnit 4: Guesstimating and Hypothesizing with Confidence 285\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 13: Leaving Room for a Margin of Error 287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeeing the Importance of that Plus or Minus 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the Margin of Error: A General Formula 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring sample variability 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating margin of error for a sample proportion 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReporting results 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating margin of error for a sample mean 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeing confident you’re right 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermining the Impact of Sample Size 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample size and margin of error 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBigger isn’t always (that much) better! 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKeeping margin of error in perspective 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 13 Quiz 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 13 Quiz 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 14: Confidence Intervals: Making Your Best Guesstimate 305\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNot All Estimates Are Created Equal 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinking a Statistic to a Parameter 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting with the Jargon 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting Results with Confidence 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZooming In on Width 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChoosing a Confidence Level 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactoring In the Sample Size 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCounting On Population Variability 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating a Confidence Interval for a Population Mean 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 1: Population standard deviation is known 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 2: Population standard deviation is unknown and\/or n is small 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring Out What Sample Size You Need 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermining the Confidence Interval for One Population Proportion 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating a Confidence Interval for the Difference of Two Means 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 1: Population standard deviations are known 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 2: Population standard deviations are unknown and\/or sample sizes are small 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstimating the Difference of Two Proportions 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpotting Misleading Confidence Intervals 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 14 Quiz 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 14 Quiz 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 15: Claims, Tests, and Conclusions 341\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting Up the Hypotheses 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining the null 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat’s the alternative? 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGathering Good Evidence (Data) 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompiling the Evidence: The Test Statistic 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGathering sample statistics 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring variability using standard errors 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding standard scores 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating and interpreting the test statistic 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeighing the Evidence and Making Decisions: \u003ci\u003ep\u003c\/i\u003e-Values 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConnecting test statistics and \u003ci\u003ep\u003c\/i\u003e-values 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining a \u003ci\u003ep\u003c\/i\u003e-value 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating a \u003ci\u003ep\u003c\/i\u003e-value 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking Conclusions 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting boundaries for rejecting \u003ci\u003eH0 \u003c\/i\u003e350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTesting varicose veins 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessing the Chance of a Wrong Decision 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking a false alarm: Type I errors 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMissing out on a detection: Type II errors 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 15 Quiz 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 15 Quiz 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 16: Commonly Used Hypothesis Tests: Formulas and Examples 361\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTesting One Population Mean 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHandling Small Samples and Unknown Standard Deviations: The \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Test 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting the \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-test to work 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelating \u003ci\u003et \u003c\/i\u003eto \u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHandling negative \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-values 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining the not-equal-to alternative 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrawing conclusions using the critical value 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTesting One Population Proportion 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparing Two (Independent) Population Averages 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 1: Difference of two population means when population standard deviations are known 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCase 2: Difference of two population means when population standard deviations are unknown 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTesting for an Average Difference (The Paired \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Test) 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparing Two Population Proportions 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 16 Quiz 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 16 Quiz 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUnit 5: Statistical Studies and the Hunt for a Meaningful Relationship 389\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 17: Polls, Polls, and More Polls 391\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecognizing the Impact of Polls 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting to the source 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurveying what’s hot 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpacting lives 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehind the Scenes: The Ins and Outs of Surveys 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanning and designing a survey 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelecting the sample 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarrying out a survey 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting results and finding problems 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 17 Quiz 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 17 Quiz 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 18: Experiments and Observational Studies: Medical Breakthroughs or Misleading Results? 413\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBoiling Down the Basics of Studies 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at the lingo of studies 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObserving observational studies 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining experiments 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesigning a Good Experiment 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesigning the experiment to make comparisons 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelecting the sample size 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChoosing the subjects 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking random assignments 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eControlling for confounding variables 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespecting ethical issues 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCollecting good data 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing the data properly 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting Experiment Results 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking appropriate conclusions 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking informed decisions 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 18 Quiz 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 18 Quiz 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 19: Looking for Links: Correlation and Regression 435\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePicturing a Relationship with a Scatterplot 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking a scatterplot 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting a scatterplot 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantifying Linear Relationships Using the Correlation 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the correlation 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting the correlation 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining properties of the correlation 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking with Linear Regression 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring out which variable is \u003ci\u003eX \u003c\/i\u003eand which is \u003ci\u003eY\u003c\/i\u003e 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking the conditions 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the regression line 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting the regression line 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting it all together: The regression line for the crickets 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking Proper Predictions 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking the conditions 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStaying in-bounds 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegression Analysis: Understanding the Output 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResiding with Residuals 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExplaining the Relationship: Correlation versus Cause and Effect 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 19 Quiz 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 19 Quiz 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 20: Two-Way Tables and Independence 467\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrganizing a Two-Way Table 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting up the cells 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring the totals 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting Two-Way Tables 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingling out variables with marginal distributions 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining all groups — a joint distribution 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparing groups with conditional distributions 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking Independence and Describing Dependence 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking for independence 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing a dependent relationship 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCautiously Interpreting Results 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChecking for legitimate cause and effect 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProjecting from sample to population 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking prudent predictions 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResisting the urge to jump to conclusions 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice Questions Answers and Explanations 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhaddya Know? Chapter 20 Quiz 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Chapter 20 Quiz 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix: Tables for Reference 503\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe \u003ci\u003eZ\u003c\/i\u003e-Table 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe \u003ci\u003et\u003c\/i\u003e-Table 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Binomial Table 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 513\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407187386711,"sku":"9781119902560","price":22.39,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119902560.jpg?v=1730498482","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/statistics-allinone-for-dummies-9781119902560","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}