{"product_id":"static-conceptual-fracture-modeling-9781119596936","title":"Static Conceptual Fracture Modeling","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eModelling of flow in naturally fractured reservoirs is quickly becoming mandatory in all phases of oil and gas exploration and production. Creation of a Static Conceptual Fracture Model (SCFM) is needed as input to create flow simulations for today and for prediction of flow into the future. Unfortunately, the computer modelers tasked with constructing the gridded fracture model are often not well versed in natural fracture characterization and are often forced to make quick decisions as to the input required by the software used to create these models.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eStatic Conceptual Fracture Modelling: Preparing for Simulation and Development\u003c\/i\u003e describes all the fracture and reservoir parameters needed to create the fracture database for effective modelling and how to generate the data and parameter distributions. The material covered in this volume highlights not only natural fracture system quantification and formatting, but also describes best practices for managing technical tea\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSymbols and Abbreviations xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Purpose and Scope 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 What is a Static Conceptual Fracture Model and Why Do We Build It? 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Fracture Model Creation Workflow 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Gathering Natural Fracture Orientation and Intensity Data Directly 13\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Outcrop Based Data 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Requirements for Outcrop Selection 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Data to Be Collected 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 What’s Real and Not 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Core Based Data 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Types of Core 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Data to Be Collected 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 What’s Real and Not 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Quantification 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Gathering Natural Fracture Orientation and Intensity Data Indirectly 35\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Bore Hole Image Log Based Data 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Tool Types and Resolution 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Data to Be Collected 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Quantification 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Remote Sensing‐based Data 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Surface Based 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Basement‐Based Geophysical Methods (Potential Fields or Gravity and Magnetic Data) 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 3D Seismic Fracture Data Collection 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Detailed Structural Geometry 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Seismic Attributes 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Passive Seismic and Hydraulic Fracture Monitoring 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Analyzing the Natural Fracture Data Once Gathered 51\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Correcting for the Difference Between Measurement Orientation and Fracture Set Intensity 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Calibration 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Determining Natural Fracture Origin from Fracture Distributions and Morphology 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Mapping Natural‐fracture Orientation and Intensity 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Gathering and Analyzing Structural Data 71\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Structural Surface Maps and Sections 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Analysis of Structural Surfaces 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Discontinuity Analysis 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Lineation Analysis 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Gathering Constraints on Fracture Aperture 81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Unstressed 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Partially Stressed 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Fully Stressed 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 How the Various Aperture Measures Go Together 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Creation of Natural Fracture Scaling Laws 91\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Gathering and Analyzing Mechanical Property Distribution Data 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Rock Modulus and How It Effects Deformation and Fracturing 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Rigidity Modulus Distributions 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Vertical Distribution in Wells 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Horizontal Distribution in Wells 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Map Distributions by Unit and Sub‐units 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Locating Fracture Corridors 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Rock Anisotropy and its Importance in Determining Dominant‐Fracture Orientation and Relative Intensity 111\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Determine the \u003ci\u003eIn‐situ \u003c\/i\u003eStress Directions and Magnitudes and their Variation 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 SH\u003csub\u003emax\u003c\/sub\u003e Directions and Mapping 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 SH\u003csub\u003emax\u003c\/sub\u003e Directions with Depth 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Production Calibration 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Determining the Fractured Reservoir Classification and, Therefore, Which Simulation Style is Most Appropriate 129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Use of Reservoir Analogs 135\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 The Importance of 3D Visualization in Data Integration and Static Fracture Model Creation 139\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Thoughts on History Matching of Simulation Results 143\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Preparing the Fracture Data for Input to the Gridded Model 145\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Discussion of Error and Uncertainty in the Modeling Process 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Published Examples of the Process 151\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Final Comments 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A Detailed Static Fracture Modeling Workflow 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B How we Use Various Seismic Attributes to Predict Natural Fracture Intensity in the Subsurface, After Nelson (2006) 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix C How I Learned to Interpret Natural Fractures in Core 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 183\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407095439703,"sku":"9781119596936","price":97.16,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/static-conceptual-fracture-modeling-9781119596936","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}