{"product_id":"reactive-distillation-design-and-control-9780470226124","title":"Reactive Distillation Design and Control","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter an overview of the fundamentals, limitations, and scope of reactive distillation, this book uses rigorous models for steady-state design and dynamic analysis of different types of reactive distillation columns and quantitatively compares the economics of reactive distillation columns with conventional multi-unit processes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 History 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Basics of Reactive Distillation 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Neat Operation Versus Excess Reactant 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Limitations 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Temperature Mismatch 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Unfavorable Volatilities 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Slow Reaction Rates 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4 Other Restrictions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Scope 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Computational Methods 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 Matlab Programs for Steady-State Design 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.2 Aspen Simulations 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Reference Materials 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Steady-State Design of Ideal Quaternary System 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Parameter Effects 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Effect of Holdup on Reactive Trays 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Effect of Number of Reactive Trays 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Effect of Pressure 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Effect of Chemical Equilibrium Constant 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Effect of Relative Volatilities 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Constant Relative Volatilities 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Temperature-Dependent Relative Volatilities 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Effect of Number of Stripping and Rectifying Trays 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Effect of Reactant Feed Location 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.1 Reactant A Feed Location (\u003ci\u003eN\u003csub\u003eF\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eA\u003c\/sub\u003e) 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2 Reactant B Feed Location (\u003ci\u003eN\u003csub\u003eF\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e) 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Conclusion 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Economic Comparison of Reactive Distillation with a Conventional Process 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Conventional Multiunit Process 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Assumptions and Specifications 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Steady-State Design Procedure 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Sizing and Economic Equations 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Reactive Distillation Design 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Assumptions and Specifications 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Steady-State Design Procedure 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Results for Different Chemical Equilibrium Constants 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Conventional Process 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Reactive Distillation Process 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Comparisons 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Results for Temperature-Dependent Relative Volatilities 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Relative Volatilities 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Optimum Steady-State Designs 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Real Chemical Systems 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Conclusion 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Neat Operation Versus Using Excess Reactant 71\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Neat Reactive Column 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Two-Column System with Excess B 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 20% Excess B Case 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 10% Excess B Case 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Two-Column System with 20% Excess of A 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Economic Comparison 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Conclusion 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Steady-State Design of Other Ideal Systems 87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Ternary Reactive Distillation Systems 89\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Ternary System without Inerts 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Column Configuration 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Chemistry and Phase Equilibrium Parameters 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Design Parameters and Procedure 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4 Effect of Pressure 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.5 Holdup on Reactive Trays 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.6 Number of Reactive Trays 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.7 Number of Stripping Trays 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Ternary System with Inerts 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Column Configuration 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Chemistry and Phase Equilibrium Parameters 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Design Parameters and Procedure 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Effect of Pressure 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.5 Control Tray Composition 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.6 Reactive Tray Holdup 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.7 Effect of Reflux 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.8 Chemical Equilibrium Constant 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.9 Feed Composition 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.10 Number of Reactive Trays 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.11 Number of Rectifying and Stripping Trays 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Conclusion 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Ternary Decomposition Reaction 119\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Ternary Decomposition Reaction: Intermediate-Boiling Reactant 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Column Configuration 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Chemistry and Phase Equilibrium Parameters 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Design Parameters and Procedure 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4 Holdup on Reactive Trays 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.5 Number of Reactive Trays 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.6 Number of Rectifying and Stripping Trays 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.7 Location of Feed Tray 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Ternary Decomposition Reaction: Heavy Reactant with Two-Column Configurations 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Column Configurations 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Chemistry and Phase Equilibrium Parameters 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Design Parameters and Procedure 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Reactive Holdup 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.5 Number of Reactive Trays 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.6 Number of Rectifying Trays 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Ternary Decomposition Reaction: Heavy Reactant with One-Column Configurations 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Feasibility Analysis 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Column Configuration 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Design Parameters and Procedure 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Reactive Tray Holdup 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.5 Number of Reactive Trays 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.6 Number of Rectifying Trays 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.7 Location of Feed Tray 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.8 Comparison Between These Two Flowsheets 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Conclusion 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III Steady-State Design of Real Chemical Systems 145\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Steady-State Design for Acetic Acid Esterification 147\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Reaction Kinetics and Phase Equilibria 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Reaction Kinetics 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Phase Equilibria 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Process Flowsheets 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Type I Flowsheet: MeAc 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Type II Flowsheet: EtAc and IPAc 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Type III Flowsheet: BuAc and AmAc 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Steady-State Design 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Design Procedure 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Optimized Design 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Process Characteristics 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Type I: MeAc 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Type II: EtAc and IPAc 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Type III: BuAc and AmAc 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Discussion 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusion 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Design of Tame Reactive Distillation Systems 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Chemical Kinetics and Phase Equilibrium 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Chemical Kinetics 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Phase Equilibrium Using Aspen Plus 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Conceptual Design 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Component Balances 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Prereactor and Reactive Column 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Base Case Design of Reactive Column 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Effect of Design Parameters on Reactive Column 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Pressure-Swing Methanol Separation Section 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Extractive Distillation Methanol Separation Section 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Economic Comparison 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Conclusion 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Design of MTBE and ETBE Reactive Distillation Columns 213\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 MTBE Process 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Phase Equilibrium 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Reaction Kinetics 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3 Aspen Plus Simulation Issues 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4 Setting up the Aspen Plus Simulation 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.5 Effect of Design Parameters 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.6 Chemical Equilibrium Model 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 ETBE Process 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Kinetic Model 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Process Studied 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 User Subroutine for ETBE 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Chemical Equilibrium Model 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 Effects of Design Parameters 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Conclusion 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart IV Control of Ideal Systems 239\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Control of Quaternary Reactive Distillation Columns 241\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Steady-State Design 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Control Structures 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Selection of Control Tray Location 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Closed-Loop Performance 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 CS7-R Structure 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 CS7-RR Structure 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Using More Reactive Trays 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Steady-State Design 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.2 SVD Analysis 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.3 Dynamic Performance of CS7-RR 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Increasing Holdup on Reactive Trays 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Rangeability 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Conclusion 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Control of Excess Reactant Systems 261\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Control Degrees of Freedom 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Single Reactive Column Control Structures 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Two-Temperature Control Structure 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Internal Composition Control Structure 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Control of Two-Column System 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Two-Temperature Control 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Temperature\/Composition Cascade Control 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Conclusion 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Control of Ternary Reactive Distillation Columns 293\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Ternary System without Inerts 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Column Configuration 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Control Structure CS1 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Control Structure CS2 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.4 Control Structure CS3 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Ternary System with Inerts 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Column Configuration 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Control Structure CS1 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Control Structure CS2 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Control Structure CS3 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.5 Conclusion for Ternary A + B \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; C System 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Ternary A \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; B + C System: Intermediate-Boiling Reactant 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Column Configuration 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Control Structure CS1 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Control Structure CS2 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Control Structure CS3 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Ternary A \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; B + C System: Heavy Reactant with Two-Column Configuration 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Column Configuration 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Control Structure CS1 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Control Structure CS2 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Ternary A \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; B + C System: Heavy Reactant With One-Column Configuration 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Column Configuration 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Control Structure CS1 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Control Structure CS2 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4 Control Structure CS3 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.5 Conclusion for Ternary A \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; B + C System 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart V Control of Real Systems 353\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Control of Reactive Distillations for Acetic Acid Esterification 355\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Process Characteristics 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.1 Process Studies 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.2 Quantitative Analysis 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Control Structure Design 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Selection of Temperature Control Trays 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Control Structure and Controller Design 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Performance 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.4 Alternative Temperature Control Structures 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Extension to Composition Control 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Conclusion 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Plantwide Control of Tame Reactive Distillation System 389\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Process Studied 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.1 Prereactor 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.2 Reactive Column C1 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.3 Extractive Column C2 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.4 Methanol Recovery Column C3 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Control Structure 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Prereactor 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Reactive Distillation Column C1 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Extractive Distillation Column C2 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Methanol Recovery Column C3 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Results 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Conclusion 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Control of MTBE and ETBE Reactive Distillation Columns 407\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 MTBE Control 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1 Steady State 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2 Control Structure with C4 Feedflow Controlled 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.3 Control Structure with Methanol Feedflow Controlled 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 ETBE Control 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Control Structure with Flow Control of C4 Feed 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Control Structure with Flow Control of Ethanol Feed 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart VI Hydrid and Nonconventional Systems 429\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Design and Control of Column\/Side Reactor Systems 431\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Design for Quaternary Ideal System 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Assumptions and Specifications 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Reactor and Column Equations 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.3 Design Optimization Procedure 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.4 Results and Discussion 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.5 Reactive Column with Optimum Feed Tray Locations 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Control of Quaternary Ideal System 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Dynamic Tubular Reactor Model 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Control Structures 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Design of Column\/Side Reactor Process for Ethyl Acetate System 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Process Description 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 Conceptual Design 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Control of Column\/Side Reactor Process for Ethyl Acetate System 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 Determining Manipulated Variables 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Selection of Temperature Control Trays 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.3 Controller Design 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.4 Performance 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.5 Extension to Composition Control 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.6 Comparison with Reactive Distillation Temperature Control 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Conclusion 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Effects of Boiling Point Rankings on the Design of Reactive Distillation 487\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Process and Classification 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.1 Process 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.2 Classification 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Relaxation and Convergence 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Process Configurations 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Type I: One Group 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Type II: Two Groups 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 Type III: Alternating 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Results and Discussion 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.1 Summary 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.2 Excess Reactant Design 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Conclusion 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Effects of Feed Tray Locations on Design and Control of Reactive Distillation 519\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Process Characteristics 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.1 Modeling 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.2 Steady-State Design 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.3 Base Case 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.4 Feed Locations Versus Reactants Distribution 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.5 Optimal Feed Locations 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Effects of Relative Volatilities 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.1 Changing Relative Volatilities of Reactants 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.2 Changing Relative Volatilities of Products 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.3 Summary 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Effects of Reaction Kinetics 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.1 Reducing Activation Energies 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.2 Effects of Preexponential Factor 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Operation and Control 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.1 Optimal Feed Location for Production Rate Variation 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.2 Control Structure 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.3 Closed-Loop Performance 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Conclusion 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix Catalog of Types of Real Reactive Distillation Systems 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 573\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53515415945559,"sku":"9780470226124","price":135.85,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/reactive-distillation-design-and-control-9780470226124","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}