{"product_id":"omicsbased-approaches-in-plant-biotechnology-9781119509936","title":"OMICSBased Approaches in Plant Biotechnology","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBurgeoning world population, decreased water supply and land resources, coupled with climate change, result in severe stress conditions and a great threat to the global food supply. To meet these challenges, exploring Omics Technologies could lead to improved yields of cereals, tubers and grasses that may ensure food security. Improvement of yields through crop improvement and biotechnological means are the need-of-the-hour, and the current book OMICS-Based Approaches in Plant Biotechnology, reviews the advanced concepts on breeding strategies, OMICS technologies (genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics) and bioinformatics that help to glean the potential candidate genes\/molecules to address unsolved problems related to plant and agricultural crops. The first six chapters of the book are focused on genomics and cover sequencing, functional genomics with examples on insecticide resistant genes, mutation breeding and miRNA technologies. Recent advances in metabolomics studies are eluc\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eIntroduction xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 1: Genomics 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Exploring Genomics Research in the Context of Some Underutilized Legumes—A Review 3\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePatrush Lepcha, Pittala Ranjith Kumar and N. Sathyanarayana\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Velvet Bean [\u003ci\u003eMucuna pruriens\u003c\/i\u003e (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight)] Baker ex Burck 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 \u003ci\u003ePsophocarpus tetragonolobus\u003c\/i\u003e (L.) DC. 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 \u003ci\u003eVigna umbellata\u003c\/i\u003e (Thunb.) Ohwiet. Ohashi 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 \u003ci\u003eLablab purpureus\u003c\/i\u003e (L.) Sweet 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Avenues for Future Research 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Conclusions 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Overview of Insecticidal Genes Used in Crop Improvement Program 19\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNeeraj Kumar Dubey, Prashant Kumar Singh, Satyendra Kumar Yadav and Kunwar Deelip Singh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Insect-Resistant Transgenic Model Plant 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Insect-Resistant Transgenic Dicot Plants 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Insect-Resistant Transgenic Monocot Plants 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Working Principle of Insecticidal Genes Used in Transgenic Plant Preparation 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Discussion 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Advances in Crop Improvement: Use of miRNA Technologies for Crop Improvement 55\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eClarissa Challam, N. Nandhakumar and Hemant Balasaheb Kardile\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Discovery of miRNAs 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Evolution and Organization of Plant miRNAs 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Identification of Plant miRNAs 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 miRNA vs. siRNA 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Biogenesis of miRNAs and Their Regulatory Action in Plants 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Application of miRNA for Crop Improvement 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Concluding Remarks 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Gene Discovery by Forward Genetic Approach in the Era of High-Throughput Sequencing 75\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eVivek Thakur and Samart Wanchana\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Mutagens Differ for Type and Density of Induced Mutations 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 High-Throughput Sequencing is Getting Better and Cheaper 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Mapping-by-Sequencing 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Different Mapping Populations for Specific Need 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Effect of Mutagen Type on Mapping 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Effect of Bulk Size and Sequencing Coverage on Mapping 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Challenges in Variant Calling 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Cases Where Genome Sequence is either Unavailable or Highly Diverged 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Bioinformatics Tools for Mapping-by-Sequencing Analysis 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Functional Genomics of Thermotolerant Plants 91\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNagendra Nath Das\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Functional Genomics in Plants 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Thermotolerant Plants 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Studies on Functional Genomics of Thermotolerant Plants 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Concluding Remarks 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 2: Metabolomics 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 A Workflow in Single Cell-Type Metabolomics: From Data Pre-Processing and Statistical Analysis to Biological Insights 107\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBiswapriya B. Misra\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Methods and Data 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Source of Data 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Processing of Raw Mass Spectrometry Data 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Statistical Analyses 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Pathway Enrichment and Clustering Analysis 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Results 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Design of the Study and Data Analysis 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 The Guard Cell Metabolomics Dataset 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Multivariate Analysis for Insights into Data Pre-Processing 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Effect of Data Normalization Methods 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Discussion 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Conclusion 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConflicts of Interest 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Metabolite Profiling and Metabolomics of Plant Systems Using \u003csup\u003e1\u003c\/sup\u003eH NMR and GC-MS 129\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eManu Shree, Maneesh Lingwan and Shyam K. Masakapalli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Materials and Methods 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 \u003csup\u003e1\u003c\/sup\u003eH NMR-Based Metabolite Profiling of Plant Samples 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.1 Metabolite Extraction 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.2 \u003csup\u003e1\u003c\/sup\u003eH NMR Spectroscopy 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.3 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of NMR Signals 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Based Metabolite Profiling 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.1 Sample Preparation 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.2 GC-MS Data Acquisition 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.3 GC-MS Data Pretreatment and Metabolite Profiling 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.4 Validation of Identified Metabolites 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Multivariate Data Analysis 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Selected Applications of Metabolomics and Metabolite Profiling 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompeting Interests 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 OMICS-Based Approaches for Elucidation of Picrosides Biosynthesis in \u003ci\u003ePicrorhiza kurroa\u003c\/i\u003e 145\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eVarun Kumar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Cross-Talk of Picrosides Biosynthesis Among Different Tissues of \u003ci\u003eP. kurroa\u003c\/i\u003e 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Strategies Used for the Elucidation of Picrosides Biosynthetic Route in P. kurroa 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Retro-Biosynthetic Approach 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 \u003ci\u003eIn Vitro\u003c\/i\u003e Feeding of Different Precursors and Inhibitors 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Metabolomics of Natural Variant Chemotypes of \u003ci\u003eP. kurroa\u003c\/i\u003e 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Strategies Used for Shortlisting Key\/Candidate Genes Involved in Picrosides Biosynthesis 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Comparative Genomics 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Differential Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Transcriptomes and Expression Levels of Pathway Genes Vis-à-Vis Picrosides Content 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Complete Architecture of Picrosides Biosynthetic Pathway 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Challenges and Future Perspectives 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Relevance of Poly-Omics in System Biology Studies of Industrial Crops 167\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNagendra Nath Das\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 System Biology of Crops 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Industrial Crops 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Poly-Omics Application in System Biology Studies of Industrial Crops 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Concluding Remarks 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 3: Bioinformatics 183\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Emerging Advances in Computational Omics Tools for Systems Analysis of Gramineae Family Grass Species and Their Abiotic Stress Responsive Functions 185\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePandiyan Muthuramalingam, Rajendran Jeyasri, Dhamodharan Kalaiyarasi, Subramani Pandian, Subramanian Radhesh Krishnan, Lakkakula Satish, Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian and Manikandan Ramesh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Gramineae Family Grass Species 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 \u003ci\u003eOryza sativa\u003c\/i\u003e 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 \u003ci\u003eSetaria italica\u003c\/i\u003e 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 \u003ci\u003eSorghum bicolor\u003c\/i\u003e 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 \u003ci\u003eZea mays\u003c\/i\u003e 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Abiotic Stress 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Emerging Sequencing Technologies 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 NGS-Based Genomic and RNA Sequencing 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Tanscriptome Analysis Based on NGS 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 High-Throughput Omics Layers 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Omics Resource in Poaceae Species 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Role of Functional Omics in Dissecting the Stress Physiology of Gramineae Members 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Systems Analysis in Gramineae Plant Species 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Nutritional Omics of Gramineae Species 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Future Prospects 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Conclusion 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 OMIC Technologies in Bioethanol Production: An Indian Context 217\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePulkit A. Srivastava and Ragothaman M. Yennamalli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Indian Scenario 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Cellulolytic Enzymes Producing Bacterial Strains Isolated from India 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Bacillus Genus of Lignocellulolytic Degrading Enzymes 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Bhargavaea cecembensis 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Streptomyces Genus for Hydrolytic Enzymes 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Biomass Sources Native to India 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 \u003ci\u003eAlbizia lucida\u003c\/i\u003e (Moj) 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 \u003ci\u003eAreca catechu\u003c\/i\u003e (Betel Nut) 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 \u003ci\u003eArundo donax\u003c\/i\u003e (Giant Reed) 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.4 \u003ci\u003ePennisetum purpureum\u003c\/i\u003e (Napier Grass) 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.5 \u003ci\u003eBrassica\u003c\/i\u003e Family of Biomass Crops 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.6 \u003ci\u003eCajanus cajan\u003c\/i\u003e (Pigeon Pea)\/\u003ci\u003eCenchrus americanus\u003c\/i\u003e (Pearl Millet)\/\u003ci\u003eCorchorus capsularis\u003c\/i\u003e (Jute)\/\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eLens culinaris\u003c\/i\u003e (Lentil)\/\u003ci\u003eSaccharum officinarum\u003c\/i\u003e (Sugarcane)\/\u003ci\u003eTriticum \u003c\/i\u003esp. (Wheat)\/\u003ci\u003eZea mays\u003c\/i\u003e (Maize) 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.7 \u003ci\u003eMedicago sativa\u003c\/i\u003e (Alfalfa) 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.8 \u003ci\u003eManihot esculenta\u003c\/i\u003e (Cassava)\/\u003ci\u003eSalix viminalis\u003c\/i\u003e (Basket Willow)\/\u003ci\u003eSetaria italica\u003c\/i\u003e (Foxtail Millet)\/ \u003ci\u003eSetaria viridis\u003c\/i\u003e (Green Foxtail) 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.9 \u003ci\u003eVetiveria zizanioides\u003c\/i\u003e (Vetiver or Khas) 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.10 Millets and \u003ci\u003eSorghum bicolor\u003c\/i\u003e (Sorghum) 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Omics Data and Its Application to Bioethanol Production 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Conclusion 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 4: Advances in Crop Improvement: Emerging Technologies 245\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Genome Editing: New Breeding Technologies in Plants 247\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKalyani M. Barbadikar, Supriya B. Aglawe, Satendra K. Mangrauthia, M. Sheshu Madhav and S.P. Jeevan Kumar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction: Genome Editing 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 GE: The Basics 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Homology Directed Repair (HR) 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Engineered Nucleases: The Key Players in GE 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Meganucleases 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Zinc-Finger Nucleases 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 CRISPR\/Cas System: The Forerunner 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Targeted Mutations and Practical Considerations 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Targeted Mutations 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Steps Involved 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2.1 Selection of Target Sequence 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2.2 Designing Nucleases 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2.3 Transformation 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2.4 Screening for Mutation 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 New Era: CRISPR\/Cas9 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Vector Construction 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Delivery Methods 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 CRISPR\/Cas Variants 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3.1 SpCas9 Nickases (nSpCas9) 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3.2 Cas9 Variant without Endonuclease Activity 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3.3 FokI Fused Catalytically Inactive Cas9 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3.4 Naturally Available and Engineered Cas9 Variants with Altered PAM 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3.5 Cas9 Variants for Increased On-Target Effect 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3.6 CRISPR\/Cpf1 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 GE for Improving Economic Traits 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Development of Next-Generation Smart Climate Resilient Crops 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2 Breaking Yield Incompatibility Barriers and Hybrid Breeding 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.3 Creating New Variation through Engineered QTLs 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.4 Transcriptional Regulation 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.5 GE for Noncoding RNA, microRNA 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.6 Epigenetic Modifications 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.7 Gene Dosage Effect 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Biosafety of GE Plants 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 What’s Next: Prospects 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Regulation of Gene Expression by Global Methylation Pattern in Plants Development 287\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eVrijesh Kumar Yadav, Krishan Mohan Rai, Nishant Kumar and Vikash Kumar Yadav\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Nucleic Acid Methylation Targets in the Genome 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Nucleic Acid Methyl Transferase (DNMtase) 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Genomic DNA Methylation and Expression Pattern 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Pattern of DNA Methylation in Early Plant Life 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 DNA Methylation Pattern in Mushroom 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Methylation Pattern in Tumor 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 DNA Methylation Analysis Approaches 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1 Locus-Specific DNA Methylation 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.2 Genome-Wide and Global DNA Methylation 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.3 Whole Genome Sequence Analysis by Bioinformatics Analysis 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 High-Throughput Phenotyping: Potential Tool for Genomics 303\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003eKalyani M. Barbadikar, Divya Balakrishnan, C. Gireesh, Hemant Kardile, Tejas C. Bosamia and Ankita Mishra\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Relation of Phenotype, Genotype, and Environment 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Features of HTP 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 HTP Pipeline and Platforms 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Controlled Environment-Based Phenotyping 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Field-Based High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping (Fb-HTPP) 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Applications of HTP 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.1 Marker-Assisted Selection and QTL Detection 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.2 Forward and Reverse Genetics 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.3 New Breeding Techniques 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.3.1 Envirotyping 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Conclusion and Future Thrust 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 323\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407069094231,"sku":"9781119509936","price":168.26,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119509936.jpg?v=1730498065","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/omicsbased-approaches-in-plant-biotechnology-9781119509936","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}