{"product_id":"modern-polyesters-chemistry-and-technology-of-polyesters-and-copolyesters-2-wiley-series-in-polymer-science-9780471498568","title":"Modern Polyesters Chemistry and Technology of","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eModern Polyester Polymers provides an overview of the family of polyester polymers which comprise an important group of plastics that span the range of commodity polymers to engineering resins. It describes the preparation, properties and applications of polyesters.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"…a very informative book.\" (\u003ci\u003eIEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine\u003c\/i\u003e, March\/April 2006)  \u003cp\u003e\"…for those involved in research or in manufacturing or polyester processing, this book will be essential.” (\u003ci\u003eE-STREAMS\u003c\/i\u003e, August 2004)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"...examines the chemistry and technology of polyester and copolyesters and illustrates the diversity and importance of these materials...\" (\u003ci\u003eMaterials World\u003c\/i\u003e, Thursday 1 January 2004)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"...successful in presenting and discussing its technical topics...an excellent collection of data...an essential and invaluable resource...\" (\u003ci\u003eMaterials World\u003c\/i\u003e, Vol 12(8), August 2004)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“…informative…written clearly in a consistent style…should be a key acquisition for any research chemist seeking to investigate polyesters…” (\u003ci\u003eApplied Organometallic Chemistry\u003c\/i\u003e, Vol.19, No.1, January 2005)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eContributors.  \u003cp\u003eSeries Preface.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Editors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eI HISTORICAL OVERVIEW.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 The Historical Development of Polyesters (J. Eric McIntyre).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Alkyd and Related Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Fibres from Partially Aromatic Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Early Work Leading to Poly(ethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Spread of Polyester Fibre Production.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Intermediates.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Continuous Polymerisation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Solid-phase Polymerisation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 End-use Development.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 High-speed Spinning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Ultra-fine Fibres.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Other Uses for Semi-aromatic Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Moulding Products.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Bottles.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Liquid-crystalline Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Polyesters as Components of Elastomers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Surface-active Agents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Absorbable Fibres.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Polycarbonates.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Natural Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Occurrence.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Poly(β-hydroxyalkanoate)s.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Conclusion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eII POLYMERIZATION AND POLYCONDENSATION.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) Polymerization – Mechanism, Catalysis, Kinetics, Mass Transfer and Reactor Design (Thomas Rieckmann and Susanne Volker\u003ci\u003e).\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Chemistry, Reaction Mechanisms, Kinetics and Catalysis.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Esterification\/Hydrolysis.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Transesterification\/Glycolysis.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Reactions with Co-monomers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Formation of Short Chain Oligomers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Formation of Diethylene Glycol and Dioxane.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Thermal Degradation of Diester Groups and Formation of Acetaldehyde.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Yellowing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Chemical Recycling.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Phase Equilibria, Molecular Diffusion and Mass Transfer.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Phase Equilibria.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Diffusion and Mass Transfer in Melt-phase Polycondensation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Diffusion and Mass Transfer in Solid-state Polycondensation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Polycondensation Processes and Polycondensation Plants.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Batch Processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Continuous Processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Reactor Design for Continuous Melt-phase Polycondensation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Esterification Reactors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Polycondensation Reactors for Low Melt Viscosity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Polycondensation Reactors for High Melt Viscosity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Future Developments and Scientific Requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Synthesis and Polymerization of Cyclic Polyester Oligomers (Daniel J. Brunelle).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 History.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Preparation of Polyester Cyclic Oligomers from Acid Chlorides.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Polyester Cyclic Oligomers via Ring–Chain Equilibration (Depolymerization).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Mechanism for Formation of Cyclics via Depolymerization.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Polymerization of Oligomeric Ester Cyclics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Continuous Solid-state Polycondensation of Polyesters (Brent Culbert and Andreas Christel).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 The Chemical Reactions of PET in the Solid State.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Basic Chemistry.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Mechanism and Kinetics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Parameters Affecting SSP.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Crystallization of PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Nucleation and Spherulite Growth.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Crystal Annealing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Continuous Solid-state Polycondensation Processing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 PET-SSP for Bottle Grade.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Buhler PET-SSP Bottle-grade Process.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Process Comparison.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 PET-SSP for Tyre Cord.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Other Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 PET Recycling.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 PET Recycling Market.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Material Flow.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Solid-state Polycondensation in PET Recycling.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Solid-state Polycondensation of Polyester Resins: Fundamentals and Industrial Production \u003ci\u003e(Wolfgang Goltner).\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Principles.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Aspects of Molten-state Polycondensation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Aspects of Solid-state Polycondensation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Physical Aspects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Equipment.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Batch Process.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Continuous Process.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 SSP of Small Particles and Powders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 SSP in the Suspended State.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Practical Aspects of the Reaction Steps.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Crystallization and Drying.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Solid-state Polycondensation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Economic Considerations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Solid-state Polycondensation of Other Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIII TYPES OF POLYESTERS\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 New Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Copolymers (David A. Schiraldi).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Crystallinity and Crystallization Rate Modification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Amorphous Copolyesters of PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Increased Crystallization Rates and Crystallinity in PET .3 PET Copolymers with Increased Modulus and Thermal Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Semicrystalline Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Liquid Crystalline Copolyesters of PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Increased Flexibility Copolymers of PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Copolymers as a Scaffold for Additional Chemical Reactions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Other PET Copolymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Textile-related Copolymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Surfaced-modified PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Biodegradable PET Copolymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Terephthalate Ring Substitutions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Flame-retardant PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Summary and Comments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Amorphous and Crystalline Polyesters based on 1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol (\u003ci\u003eS. Richardurner, Robert W. Seymour and John R. Dombroski).\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 1,3- and 1,2-Cyclohexanedimethanol: Other CHDM Isomers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Definitions: PCT, PCTG, PCTA and PETG.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Synthesis of CHDM-based Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Poly(1,4-Cyclohexylenedimethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Preparation and Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Other Crystalline Polymers Based on PCT or CHDM.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Processing of Crystalline PCT-based Polymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Applications For PCT-based Polymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 GLYCOL-modified PCT Copolyester: Preparation and Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 CHDM-modified PET Copolyester: Preparation and Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Dibasic-acid-modified PCT Copolyester: Preparation and Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Modification of CHDM-based Polyesters with Other Glycols and Acids.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 CHDM-based Copolyesters with Dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Polyesters Prepared with 1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 CHDM-based Copolyesters with 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 CHDM-based Copolyesters with Other Selected Monomers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Poly(Butylene Terephthalate) (Robert R. Gallucci and Bimal R. Patel).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Polymerization of PBT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Monomers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcid.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Catalysts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Process Chemistry.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Commercial Processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Properties of PBT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Unfilled PBT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Fiberglass-filled PBT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Mineral-filled PBT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 PBT Polymer Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 PBT–PET Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 PBT–Polycarbonate Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Impact-modified PBT and PBT–PC Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 PBT Blends with Styrenic Copolymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Flame-retardant Additives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 PBT and Water.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Properties and Applications of Poly(Ethylene 2,6-naphthalene), its Copolyesters and Blends (Doug D. Callander).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Manufacture of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Properties of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Thermal Transitions of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Comparison of the Properties of PEN and PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Optical Properties of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Solid-state Polymerization of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Copolyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Benefits of Naphthalate-modified Copolyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Manufacture of Copolyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Naphthalate-based Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Applications for PEN, its Copolyesters and Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Fiber and Monofilament.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Containers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Containers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Biaxially Oriented Poly(Ethylene 2,6-naphthalene) Films: Manufacture, Properties and Commercial Applications (Bin Hu, Raphael M. Ottenbrite and Junaid A. Siddiqui).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 The Manufacturing Process for PEN Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Synthesis of Dimethyl-2,6-naphthalene Dicarboxylate.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Preparation Process of PEN Resin.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Continuous Process for the Manufacture of Biaxially Oriented PEN Film.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Properties of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Morphology of PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Chemical Stability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Thermal Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Mechanical Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Gas-barrier Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Electrical Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Optical Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Applications for PEN Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Motors and Machine Parts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Electrical Devices.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Photographic Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Cable and Wires Insulation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Tapes and Belts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Labels.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Printing and Embossing Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Packaging Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Medical Uses.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Miscellaneous Industrial Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Poly(Trimethylene Terephthalate) (Hoe H. Chuah).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Polymerization.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 1,3-Propanediol Monomer.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 The Polymerization Stage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Side Reactions and Products.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Physical Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Intrinsic Viscosity and Molecular Weights.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Crystal Structure.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Crystal Density.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Thermal Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Crystallization Kinetics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Heat Capacity and Heat of Fusion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Glass Transition and Dynamic Mechanical Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Mechanical and Physical Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Melt Rheology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Fiber Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Tensile Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Elastic Recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Large Strain Deformation and Conformational Changes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Drawing Behavior.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Crystal Orientation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Processing and Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Fiber Processing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Dyeing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Injection Molding.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 PTT Copolymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Health and Safety.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIV FIBERS AND COMPOUNDS.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 Polyester Fibers: Fiber Formation and End-use Applications (Glen Reese).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 General Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Chemical and Physical Structure.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Melt Behavior.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Polymer Structure.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Fiber Geometry.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Melt Spinning of PET Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Spinning Process Control.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Drawing of Spun Filaments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Commercial Drawing Processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Specialized Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Light Reflectance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Low Pill Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Deep Dye Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Ionic Dyeability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Antistatic\/Antisoil Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 High-shrink Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Low-melt Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Bicomponent (Bico) Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Hollow Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10 Microfibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.11 Surface Friction and Adhesion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.12 Antiflammability and Other Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 The Future of Polyester Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 Relationship Between Polyester Quality and Processability: Hands-on Experience(Wolfgang Goltner).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Polyesters for Filament and Staple Fiber Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Spinnability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Yarn Break.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Polymer Contamination.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Oligomeric Contaminants.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Technological Aspects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Thermal, Thermo-oxidative and Hydrolytic Degradation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Insoluble Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Gas Bubbles and Voids.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Dyeability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Surface Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Streaks.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Processability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Bottles \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Processing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 The Quality of Polyester Bottle Polymer.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Other Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 Additives for the Modification of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) to Produce Engineering-grade Polymer  (John Scheirs).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Chain Extenders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Pyromellitic Dianhydride.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Phenylenebisoxazoline.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Diepoxide Chain Extenders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Tetraepoxide Chain Extenders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Phosphites Chain Extension Promoters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Carbonyl Bis(1-caprolactam).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Solid-stating Accelerators.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Impact Modifiers (Tougheners).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Reactive Impact Modifiers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Non-reactive Impact Modifiers (Co-modifiers) \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Theory of Impact Modification of PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Nucleating Agents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Nucleation\/Crystallization Promoters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Anti-hydrolysis Additives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Reinforcements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Flame Retardants.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Polymeric Modifiers for PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Specialty Additives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Melt Strength Enhancers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Carboxyl Acid Scavengers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Transesterification Inhibitors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Gloss Enhancers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Alloying (Coupling) Agents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Processing Stabilizers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 Technology of Commercial PET Engineering Polymers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Rynite.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Petra.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Impet.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 Compounding Principles for Preparing Engineering-grade PET Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 Commercial Glass-filled and Toughened PET Grades.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 ‘Supertough’ PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 Automotive Applications for Modified PET.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 Thermoplastic Polyester Composites (Andrew E. Brink).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Poly(ethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Crystallization of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Advantages of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Comparison of Thermoplastic Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Poly(butylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Poly(trimethylene Terephthalate).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Composite Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Kelly–Tyson Equation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Interfacial Shear Strength – The Importance of Sizing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Carbon Fiber Reinforcements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 New Composite Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eV DEPOLYMERIZATION AND DEGRADATION.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 Recycling Polyesters by Chemical Depolymerization  (David D. Cornell).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Chemistry.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Background.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Technology for Polyester Depolymerization \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Commercial Application.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Criteria for Commercial Success.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Evaluation of Technologies.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Feedstock.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Capital.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Results.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Acknowledgement and disclaimer.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 Controlled Degradation Polyesters (F. Glenn Gallagher).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Why Degradable Polymers?\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Polymer Degradation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Degradable Polyester Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Medical.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Aquatic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Terrestrial.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Solid Waste.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Selecting a Polymer for an Application.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Understand Application Requirement for a  Specific Location.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Degradation Testing Protocol including Goal  Degradation Product.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Lessons from Natural Products.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Degradable Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Aromatic Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Aliphatic Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Copolyesters of Terephthalate to Control Degradation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 Photodegradation of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) and Poly(ethylene\/1,4-Cyclohexylenedimethylene Terephthalate) (David R. Fagerburg and Horst Clauberg ).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Weather-induced Degradation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Important Climate Variables.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Artificial Weathering Devices.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Recent Results for Degradation in PECT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Coloration.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Loss of Toughness.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Depth Profile of the Damage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Degradation Mechanisms in PET and PECT.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences and Notes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVI LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYESTERS.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 High-performance Liquid Crystal Polyesters with  Controlled Molecular Structure (Toshihide Inoue and Toru Yamanaka).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction – Chemical Structures and Liquid  Crystallinity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Experimental.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Synthesis of Polyarylates.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Preparation of Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Preparation of Specimens.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Measurements\u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Flexural Modulus.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Dynamic Storage Modulus.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Anisotropic Melting Temperature and Clearing  Point.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Melting Temperature and Glass Transition  Temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Orientation Function of Nematic Domains.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Relative Degree of Crystallinity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Morphology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Heat Distortion Temperatures.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Results and Discussion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Moduli of As-spun Fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Moduli of Injection Molded Specimens.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Heat Resistance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Glass Transition Temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Heat Distortion Temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Acknowledgement.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20 Thermotropic Liquid Crystal Polymer Reinforced  Polyesters  (Seong H. Kim).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 PHB\/PEN\/PET Mechanical Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 The Liquid Crystalline Phase.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Thermal behavior.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Mechanical properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Transesterification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Effect of a catalyst on the compatibility of LCP\/PEN  Blends.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Mechanical property improvement.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Dispersion of LCP in PEN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Heterogeneity of the blend.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Thermodynamic miscibility determination of TLCP and  polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Crystallization kinetics of LCP with polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Non-isothermal crystallization dynamics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Isothermal crystallization dynamics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Acknowledgements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVII UNSATURATED POLYESTERS.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 Preparation, Properties and Applications of Unsaturated Polyesters  (Keith G. Johnson and Lau S. Yang ).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Preparation of Unsaturated Polyester Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Three Types of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Products.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Chemical Constituents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Additives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Fillers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Reinforcements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Applications of Unsaturated Polyester Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Marine.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Construction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Transportation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Future Developments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 PEER Polymers: New Unsaturated Polyesters for  Fiber-reinforced Composite Materials (Lau S. Yang).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Experimental.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 General Procedure for the Preparation of  Unsaturated Polyester Resin from a Polyether Polyol \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 A \u003ci\u003eTypical\u003c\/i\u003e Example of the Preparation of Cured  Polyesters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Other Examples of Cured Polyester Processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Results and Discussion \u003ci\u003e.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Ether Cleavage Reaction Leading to Poly(Ether Ester) Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Reaction Conditions and Mechanisms.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 The Early Product and Strong-acid Catalysis Development.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Liquid properties of PEER Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Physical properties of Cured PEER Resins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Acknowledgements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIndex.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49402618773847,"sku":"9780471498568","price":363.56,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780471498568.jpg?v=1730480999","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/modern-polyesters-chemistry-and-technology-of-polyesters-and-copolyesters-2-wiley-series-in-polymer-science-9780471498568","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}