{"product_id":"modern-central-asia-a-primary-source-reader-9781793612199","title":"Modern Central Asia: A Primary Source Reader","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eModern Central Asia: A Primary Source Reader is an academic resource that discusses the basic political, social, and economic evolution of Central Asian civilization in its colonial (1731–1991) and post-colonial (1991–present) periods. Among other aspects of Central Asian history, this source reader discusses resistance and accommodation of native societies to the policies of the imperial center, the transformation of Central Asian societies under Tsarist and Soviet rule, and the history of Islam in Central Asia and its role in nation and state-building processes. This primary source book will be instrumental for familiarizing students with the nationality policies of imperial Russian, Soviet, and post-Soviet governments as well as the effects produced by these policies on the natives of the region. The documents collected in this reader challenge the traditional approach, which has viewed Central Asians as passive recipients of the policies imposed on them by central authorities. Modern Central Asia: A Primary Source Reader demonstrates the active participation of the indigenous peoples in contact with other peoples by examining the natives’ ways of organizing societies, their pre-colonial experience of contact with outsiders, and the structure of their subsistence systems. The source book will also help students situate the major events and activities of Central Asia in a global context. In addition to the value of this collection to the Central Asian historical record, many of the included texts will be essential for comparative analyses and cross-disciplinary approaches in the study of world history.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA long-overdue collection of sources on modern Central Asia translated into English, this excellent anthology is a very useful teaching tool for students of the region. -- Niccolo Pianciola, Lingnan University\u003cbr\u003eMalikov merits the highest praise for producing a primary source reader that introduces readers to the full array of Russian imperial and Soviet engagement in Central Asia, and the Central Asians’ responses. The volume offers a wealth of translations of never-before-published documents which represent a major contribution to the study of modern Central Asia. -- Scott Levi, Ohio State University\u003cbr\u003eFor educators engaged in Central Asian history, one of the difficulties has always been to provide primary source materials that students can use to contextualize and situate indigenous peoples in the era and environment of conquest and colonization. Yuri Malikov's collection fills a significant void. The materials selected are highly relevant, skillfully translated, and organized in logical fashion. It is an excellent addition to limited works available to teach modern Central Asian history. -- Steven Sabol, University of North Carolina at Charlotte\u003cbr\u003eThis collection will be useful for courses in Central Asian and in Russian history. It fills a significant gap in the field. -- Shoshana Keller, Hamilton College\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePart I: Tsarist Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 1: Pre-Colonial Central Asia – Nomads and People of Oases\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 1.1: Ivan Andreev, Description of the Kazakhs’ Middle Horde\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 1.2: Johann Gottlieb Georgi, About Tartar Peoples\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 1.3: Burnachev and Pospelov, The Trip to Tashkent\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 1.4: Ármin Vámbéry, Travels in Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 2: Russian Policies and Steppe Realities in the Eighteenth Century\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.1: Decision of the Board of Foreign Affairs on the Letter Sent by Abu’l Khayr Khan \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.2: Text of the Oath by Abu’l Khayr Khan on the Acceptance of a Russian Protectorate \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.3: Letter of Abu’l Khayr Khan to Anna Ioannovna with a Request to Send Tevkelev to him and to Construct a Fortress at the Mouth of the River Or’ \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.4: Catherine II’s Decree to the Governor-General of Simbirsk and Ufa about the Maintenance of Order on the Kazakh Steppe, the Safety of Borders, the Khan’s Powers, the Appointment of Mullahs to Kazakh Clans, etc.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.5: Letter of Khan Bakhadur Nur-Mukhambet-Ali to the Head of Orenburg Province and the Commander-in-Chief of the Regular and Irregular Armies of Orenburg, Baron Igelstrom\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.6: Report of Baron Igelstrom to Empress Catherine II on the Causes of Conflict in the Small Kazakh Horde\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.7: Decree Issued by Catherine II in Reply to the Letter of O.A. Igelstrom Concerning the Organization of Border Courts, the Khan’s Authority, etc.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.8: Report of the Orenburg Military Governor Bakhmetev to Emperor Alexander I about the Policies of the Orenburg Governors Concerning Kazakhs during the Last 50 Years and about the Necessity of Sending a Retaliatory Detachment against the Kazakhs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 2.9: MuhammadSalikhBabadzhanov, “Notes on theKirghizes Written by aKirghiz” \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 3: Speranskii’s Reforms and Kenesary Kasymov’s Rebellion\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 3.1: Mikhail Speranskii, Regulations Governing the Siberian Kirghizes \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 3.2: Letter of Sultan Shama Ablaikhanov to the Omsk Regional Head Regarding His and His People’s Attitude to the New Regulations \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 3.3: Letter of Kenesary Kasymov to the Governor-General of Western Siberia Regarding Rebel Demands and the Relationship between the Insurgents and Tsarist Authorities \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 3.4: Address of the Governor-General of Western Siberia Prince Gorchakov to the Sultans, Biis, Elders and the Kazakhs of the Middle Horde with Demands to Oppose Kenesary Kasymov\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 3.5: Letter of Kenesary Kasymov to the Biis of Nazarov Tribe Concerning the Attack on the Tliau Tribe\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 3.6: Report of the Sultan Administrator of the Eastern Part of the Orenburg Kazakhs Ahmed Dzhantiurin to the Orenburg Frontier Commission on the Relations between Kenesary Kasymov, and the Iappas and Argyn Tribes\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 4: Tsarist Policies in Central Asia in the Late Imperial Period\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 4.1: On the Issue of Granting Passports to the Muslims Leaving to Worship in Mecca\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 4.2: On the Necessity of the Russian Colonization of Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 4.3: Petition of the Kokand Ulemas to His Excellency, the Minister of War, Regarding Taxation on Wagf Income \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 4.4: Memorandum of the General Staff on the Request of Kokand Ulemas Regarding the Taxation of Waqfs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 4.5: Order of the Turkestan Governor-General to the Chief of the General Staff \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 4.6: Extract from the Report of the Semipalatinsk Governor \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 5: Jadidism and Central Asian Nationalism\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 5.1: Ismail Bey Gasprinskii, Russian Muslims\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 5.2: A. Bukeikhanov, “Kirghizes”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 6: The Central Asian Rebellions of 1898 and 1916\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.1: Reportof LieutenantGeneralKorol’kov tothe Governor General of Turkestan, Lieutenant General Dukhovskoi \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.2: Report of theMinister of War,Lieutenant GeneralKuropatkin, to NicholasII \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.3: Minutes of the Meeting Chaired by the Chief of Zakaspiiskaia Oblast Concerning Taking Measures Directed at the Elimination of Violent Resistance to the Mobilization of Workers Taken from the Native Population \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.4: Report of the Assistant of the Military Minister, Frolov, to the General Staff Concerning Measures on Conducting the Mobilization in Turkestan Krai, according to the Decree of June 25, 1916, Taken by the New Governor-General of Turkestan Krai, Kuropatkin\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.5: Order of the Governor-General of Turkestan Krai, Kuropatkin, Concerning the Process of Mobilization for Rear Works\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.6: Report of the Assistant to the Chief Military Public Prosecutor, Ignatovich, to the Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of Turkestan Military District, Kuropatkin, Regarding the Character of the Revolts in Fergana, Syr-Daria, and Other Oblasts, and Their Differences from the Revolt in the Dzhizak District of Samarkand Oblast and in the Semirech’e Area\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.7: Excerpt from the Official Report of the Governor-General of Turkestan Krai, Kuropatkin, to Nikolas II Concerning the Reasons and the Course of the Revolt of 1916 in the Krai, and also Regarding the Measures Taken by the Administration on Its Suppression\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 6.8: Excerpt from the Request of the Kirghizes of the Utegen Village of Pishpek District to the Governor-General of Turkestan Krai, Kuropatkin \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePart II: Soviet Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 7: Revolutions and War Communism in Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.1: Program of Alash Party\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.2: Resolution of the Emergency Kazakh-Kirghiz Congress\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.3: Appeal of the Council of People’s Commissars: “To All Working Muslims of Russia and the East” \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.4: Instruction of the Pishpek District Soviet of Deputies Concerning the Expropriation of Surpluses of Grain and its Delivery to the Poorest Population \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.5: Excerpt from the Minutes of the Meeting of the Party Active of Semirech’e Oblast on the Confiscation of Horses of Capitalists in the Pishpek and Tokmak Districts, and on the Actions Aimed at the Extermination of Speculation and Marauding\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.6: Excerpt from the Legislation on Land Reform [Promulgated by] the Commissariat of Agriculture of Turkestan Republic \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.7: Appeal of the Pishpek City Committee of the Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks to the Volost' and Rural Party Organizations and Committees of the Poor Concerning Carrying out Expropriations \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.8: Report of the Fergana Land Management Commission on the Implementation of the Decisions of the Executive Bureau of the Fergana Oblast' Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of Turkestan on June 19, 1922 on the Conduct of the Political and Economic Land Reform in Bazar-Kurgan Raion, Andijan Uezd\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 7.9: Excerpt from the Report of the Central Committee of Famine Relief on the Causes of Famine\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 8: Basmachi Movement\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 8.1: Mullah Ibrahim Bek, Government Bulletin \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 8.2: To the Respected Military Commanders Ibrahim Bii, Mullah Ziauddin and All Other Military Commanders of Kabadiyan Vilaet.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 8.3: Excerpt from the Report of the Revvoensovet (Revolutionary Military Council) and the Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of the RSFSR Concerning the Military-Political Situation in Turkestan\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 8.4: Address of Frunze to the Indigenous Population of Fergana Oblast with an Appeal to Struggle against the Basmachis\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 8.5: Report of the Chairman of the Commission on the Extermination of Basmachis Sokol’nikov to the Central Committee of the Communist Party\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 9: Soviet Policies toward Islam and Education\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 9.1: Report of the Extraordinary Commission of the Central Executive Committee of People’s Education of Turkestan Republic \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 9.2: The Chief of the Municipal Department of People’s Education A. Muradov to the Chairman of the Turkestan Commission\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 9.3: Inspector-Informer Pchel’nikov's Report on Publications\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 9.4: Inspector-Informer Pchel’nikov's Report on Muslim Clergy \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 10: Women's Question and Criminalization of Traditions\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.1: Data for theReporton theLegislation onDomestic Crimes\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.2: Notes to the Report “On the Party’s Work for the Emancipation of Womenof Central Asia” \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.3: Reportof theTashkentOkrug Commissionon the Improvement of Working and Living Conditionsof Working Women andPeasants\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.4: OGPU'sReport on the Central Asians’ Attitude to the Emancipation of Women \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.5: OGPU's Summaryof Women’s Campaign\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.6: On the Criminal Activity of the Groups Hostile to the Emancipation of Women.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.7: Head of the Department of Female WorkersandPeasants ofCentralAsianBureau ofthe Central Committee ofthe Communist Party of Bolsheviks Muratova's Report on the Resistance of Anti-Soviet Classes to Women’s Emancipation\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 10.8: Report on DomesticLegislation by AssistantProsecutor Zhelannaia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 11: Soviet Nationalities Policies: Nativization, National Delimitation, and Deportation\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.1: Resolution of the First Congress of the Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Turkestan Republic on the Party Work among the Local Proletariat \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.2: Decreeof the Revolutionary Committeeof the Uzbek SovietSocialist Republic\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.3: Radiogram of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Central Executive Committee, to the Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Turkestan Republic Regarding the Necessity of Attracting Workers of Local Nationalities to State Activities \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.4: On the National-State Delimitation(Theses forPresenters)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.5: Translation of an ArticleRegardingthe Delimitation ofCentral Asia intothe National Republics\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.6: Petition to theCentralAsianBureau ofthe Russian Communist Party on Behalf ofthe Kara-Kalpaks of the Amu DariaOblast \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.7: Petition of the Authorized Representative of the Citizens of Chugur-Margent Rural Community of Marghazhan Volost of Margazhan Uezd of the Autonomous Republic of Uzbekistan Mullah Kamal Tiuriakulov\u003cbr\u003eDocument 11.8: Memorandum from the Delegates of the Kyrgyz Population of Bukhara on the Issues of National Delimitation of Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 11.9: Report of Construction-Technician M.M. Musakiev onSituation of the Special Settlers Exiled to Kazakhstan from the Caucuses:Ingushes, Chechens,andBalkars\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 12: Soviet Economic Policies in Central Asia: Cotton Growing and Collectivization \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.1: The Address of Turkestan Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks to All Working Peasants of Turkestan Republic to Sow All Fields with Cotton\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.2: Politico-Economic Conditions of Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.3: Report of the Kazakhstan People’s Commissariat Concerning Class Struggle in an Aul in Connection with the Forthcoming Confiscation of Bai Property\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.4: Data of the Kazakhstan Republican Collective Farm Union on the Course of Collectivization in the Republic\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.5: Memorandum of the Children Committee to the Presidium of Children Committee at the Central Executive Committee on the Situation with the Children of Outmigrating Kazakhs Who Moved to the Raions of the Middle Volga from Kazakhstan\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.6: Letter of the Chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars of Kaz SSR Uraz Isaev to Stalin\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.7: Overall Assessment of the Situation and the Reasons for Anti-Soviet Actions of the Pastoralists\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.8: Report to the Director of Kokand Plant Management, Member of the VKP(b) Comrade Grobovoi\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 12.9: Brief Summary of the Situation and the Moods of Peasant Masses in the Fergana Okrug\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 13: Central Asia under “Developed Socialism”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 13.1: The Merger of Nationalities \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 13.2: Uzbek Culture in the 1980s\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 13.3: Corruption in the Uzbek SSR\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 14: Perestroika and Rise of Central Asian Nationalism \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 14.1: Events of December 1986 in Alma-Ata. Report on Group Infringements of Public Order in Alma-Ata and Some Towns and Villages of Kazakhstan\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 14.2: “For our and your Freedom.” The Special Issue of the Newspaper “Birlik,” the National Movement of Uzbekistan \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 14.3: The Charter of the Islamic Council of Consent \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 14.4: Popular Front “Mustakil” (“Independent”). An Address to the Uzbek Population\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 15: Post-Soviet Central Asia\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 15.1: Tahir Qahhar, “Day of Freedom” \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 15.2: Human Rights Watch. Uzbekistan: Country Summary, 2009 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument 15.3: The Presidents for Life of Independent and Neutral Turkmenistan Saparmyrat Turkmenbashy the Great, Rukhnama: Reflections on the Spiritual \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eValues of Turkmen\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Lexington Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51042627912023,"sku":"9781793612199","price":33.25,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781793612199.jpg?v=1750954918","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/modern-central-asia-a-primary-source-reader-9781793612199","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}