{"product_id":"modeling-in-membranes-and-membranebased-processes-9781119536062","title":"Modeling in Membranes and MembraneBased Processes","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book Modeling in Membranes and Membrane-Based Processes is based on the idea of developing a reference which will cover most relevant and state-of-the-art approaches in membrane modeling. This book explores almost every major aspect of modeling and the techniques applied in membrane separation studies and applications. This includes first principle-based models, thermodynamics models, computational fluid dynamics simulations, molecular dynamics simulations, and artificial intelligence-based modeling for membrane separation processes. These models have been discussed in light of various applications ranging from desalination to gas separation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, this breakthrough new volume covers the fundamentals of polymer membrane pore formation mechanisms, covering not only a wide range of modeling techniques, but also has various facets of membrane-based applications. Thus, this book can be an excellent source for a holistic perspective on membranes in general, as well as a\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction: Modeling and Simulation for Membrane Processes 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnirban Roy, Aditi Mullick, Anupam Mukherjee and Siddhartha Moulik\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Thermodynamics of Casting Solution in Membrane Synthesis 9\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eShubham Lanjewar, Anupam Mukherjee, Lubna Rehman, Amira Abdelrasoul and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Liquid Mixture Theories 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Theories of Lattices 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.1 The Flory-Huggins Theory 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.2 The Equation of State Theory 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.3 The Gas-Lattice Theory 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Non-Lattice Theories 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.1 The Strong Interaction Model 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.2 The Heat of Mixing Approach 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.3 The Solubility Parameter Approach 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 The Flory–Huggins Model 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Solubility Parameter and Its Application 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Scatchard-Hildebrand Theory 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1.1 The Regular Solution Model 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1.2 Application of Hildebrand Equation to Regular Solutions 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Solubility Scales 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Role of Molecular Interactions 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3.1 Types of Intermolecular Forces 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Intermolecular Forces: Effect on Solubility 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Interrelation Between Heat of Vaporization and Solubility Parameter 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6 Measuring Units of Solubility Parameter 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Dilute Solution Viscometry 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Types of Viscosities 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Viscosity Determination and Analysis 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Ternary Composition Triangle 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Typical Ternary Phase Diagram 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Binodal Line 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2.1 Non-Solvent\/Solvent Interaction 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2.2 Non-Solvent\/Polymer Interaction 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2.3 Solvent\/Polymer Interaction 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Spinodal Line 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 Critical Point 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.5 Thermodynamic Boundaries and Phase Diagram 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Acknowledgment 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Abbreviations and Symbols 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreek Symbols 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling in Membrane-Based Desalination Technologies 47\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePelin Yazgan-Birgi, Mohamed I. Hassan Ali and Hassan A. Arafat\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Desalination Technologies and Modeling Tools 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Desalination Technologies 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Tools in Desalination Processes Modeling 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 CFD Modeling Tool in Desalination Processes 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 General Principles of CFD Modeling in Desalination Processes 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Reverse Osmosis (RO) Technology 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Forward Osmosis (FO) Technology 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Membrane Distillation (MD) Technology 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Electrodialysis and Electrodialysis Reversal (ED\/EDR) Technologies 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Application of CFD Modeling in Desalination 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Applications in Reverse Osmosis (RO) Technology 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Applications in Forward Osmosis (FO) Technology 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Applications in Membrane Distillation (MD) Technology 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Applications in Electrodialysis and Electrodialysis Reversal (ED\/EDR) Technologies 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Commercial Software Used in Desalination Process Modeling 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Role of Thermodynamics and Membrane Separations in Water-Energy Nexus 145\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnupam Mukherjee, Shubham Lanjewar, Ridhish Kumar, Arijit Chakraborty, Amira Abdelrasoul and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction: 1\u003csup\u003est\u003c\/sup\u003e and 2\u003csup\u003end\u003c\/sup\u003e Laws of Thermodynamics 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Thermodynamic Properties 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Measured Properties 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Fundamental Properties 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Derived Properties 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Gibbs Energy 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5 1\u003csup\u003est\u003c\/sup\u003e and 2\u003csup\u003end\u003c\/sup\u003e Law for Open Systems 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Minimum Energy of Separation Calculation: A Thermodynamic Approach 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Non-Idealities in Electrolyte Solutions 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Solution Thermodynamics 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.1 Solvent 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.2 Solute 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.3 Electrolyte 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Models for Evaluating Properties 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.1 Evaluation of Activity Coefficients Using Electrolyte Models 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Generalized Least Work of Separation 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4.1 Derivation 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Desalination and Related Energetics 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Evaporation Techniques 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Membrane-Based New Technologies 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Forward Osmosis for Water Treatment: Thermodynamic Modelling 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Osmotic Processes 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1.1 Osmosis 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1.2 Draw Solutions 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Concentration Polarization in Osmotic Process 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2.1 External Concentration Polarization 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2.2 Internal Concentration Polarization 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 Forward Osmosis Membranes 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4 Modern Applications of Forward Osmosis 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4.1 Wastewater Treatment and Water Purification 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4.2 Concentrating Dilute Industrial Wastewater 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4.3 Concentration of Landfill Leachate 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4.4 Concentrating Sludge Liquids 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4.5 Hydration Bags 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4.6 Water Reuse in Space Missions 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Pressure Retarded Osmosis for Power Generation: A Thermodynamic Analysis 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 What is Pressure Retarded Osmosis? 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Pressure Retarded Osmosis for Power Generation 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3 Mixing Thermodynamics 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3.1 Gibbs Energy of Solutions 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3.2 Gibbs Free Energy of Mixing 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.4 Thermodynamics of Pressure Retarded Osmosis 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.5 Role of Membranes in Pressure Retarded Osmosis 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.6 Future Prospects of Pressure Retarded Osmosis 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Conclusion 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Acknowledgment 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1. Roman Symbols 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2. Greek Symbols 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3. Subscripts 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4. Superscripts 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5. Acronyms 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Modeling and Simulation for Membrane Gas Separation Processes 201\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSamaneh Bandehali, Hamidreza Sanaeepur, Abtin Ebadi Amooghin and Abdolreza Moghadassi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclatures 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubscripts 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Industrial Applications of Membrane Gas Separation 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Air Separation or Production of Oxygen and Nitrogen 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Hydrogen Recovery 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Carbon Dioxide Removal from Natural Gas and Syn Gas Purification 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Modeling in Membrane Gas Separation Processes 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Mathematical Modeling for Membrane Separation of a Gas Mixture 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Modeling in Acid Gas Separation 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Process Simulation 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Gas Treatment Modeling in Aspen HYSYS 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Modeling of Gas Separation by Hollow-Fiber Membranes 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 CFD Simulation 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors (HFMCs) 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Conclusions 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Gas Transport through Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs): Fundamentals and Modeling 237\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRizwan Nasir, Hafiz Abdul Mannan, Danial Qadir, Hilmi Mukhtar, Dzeti Farhah Mohshim and Aymn Abdulrahman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 History of Membrane Technology 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Separation Mechanisms for Gases through Membranes 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Overview of Mixed Matrix Membranes 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Material and Synthesis of Mixed Matrix Membrane 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Performance Analysis of Mixed Matrix Membranes 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 MMMs Performance Prediction Models 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 New Approaches for Performance Prediction of MMMs 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Future Trends and Conclusions 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Acknowledgment 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Application of Molecular Dynamics Simulation to Study the Transport Properties of Carbon Nanotubes-Based Membranes 257\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaryam Ahmadzadeh Tofighy and Toraj Mohammadi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 CNTs Membranes 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 MD Simulations of CNTs and CNTs Membranes 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Conclusions 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Modeling of Sorption Behaviour of Ethylene Glycol-Water Mixture Using Flory-Huggins Theory 277\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHaresh K Dave and Kaushik Nath\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Materials and Method 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Chemicals 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Preparation and Cross-Linking of Membrane 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Determination of Membrane Density 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Sorption of Pure Ethylene Glycol and Water in the Membrane 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Sorption of Binary Solution in the Membrane 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.6 Model for Pure Solvent in PVA\/PES Membrane Using F-H Equation 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.7 Model for Binary EG-Water Sorption Using F-H Equation 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Results and Discussion 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Sorption in the PVA-PES Membrane 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Determination of F-H Parameters Between Water and Ethylene Glycol (X\u003csub\u003ew−EG\u003c\/sub\u003e) 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Determination of F-H Parameters for Solvent and Membrane (χ\u003csub\u003ewm\u003c\/sub\u003e and χE\u003csub\u003eGm\u003c\/sub\u003e) 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Modeling of Sorption Behaviour Using F-H Parameters 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Conclusions 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreek Letters 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Artificial Intelligence Model for Forecasting of Membrane Fouling in Wastewater Treatment by Membrane Technology 301\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKhac-Uan Do and Félix Schmitt\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Membrane Filtration in Wastewater Treatment 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Membrane Fouling in Membrane Bioreactors and its Control 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3 Models for Membrane Fouling Control 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4 Objectives of the Study 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Materials and Methods 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 AO-MBR System 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 The AI Modeling in this Study 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Analysis Methods 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Results and Discussion 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Membrane Fouling Prediction Based on AI Model 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Discussion on Using AI Model to Predict Membrane Fouling 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Conclusion 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Membrane Technology: Transport Models and Application in Desalination Process 327\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLubna Muzamil Rehman, Anupam Mukherjee, Zhiping Lai and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Historical Background 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Theoretical Background and Transport Models 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Classical Solution Diffusion Model 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Extended Solution-Diffusion Model 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Modified Solution-Diffusion-Convection Model 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Pore Flow Model (PFM) 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.5 Electrolyte Transport and Electrokinetic Models 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.6 Kedem–Katchalsky Model – An Irreversible Thermodynamics Model 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.7 Spiegler–Kedem Model 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.8 Mixed-Matrix Membrane Models 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.9 Thin Film Composite Membrane Transport Models 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.10 Membrane Distillation 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Limitations of Current Membrane Technology 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 External Concentration Polarisation 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Internal Concentration Polarisation 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 External Concentration Polarisation Due to Membrane Biofouling 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Recent Advances of Membrane Technology in RO, FO, and PRO 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Hybrids 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 Other Membrane Desalination Technologies 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2.1 Membrane Distillation 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2.2 Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Techno-Economical Analysis 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Conclusion 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Abbreviations and Symbols 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreek Symbols 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuffix 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 375\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407075451223,"sku":"9781119536062","price":161.06,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119536062.jpg?v=1730498090","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/modeling-in-membranes-and-membranebased-processes-9781119536062","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}