{"product_id":"metal-oxide-nanoparticles-2-volume-set-9781119436744","title":"Metal Oxide Nanoparticles 2 Volume Set","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of contributors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart I     Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1             Metal Oxides and Specific Functional Properties at the Nanoscale\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e               \u003ci\u003eOliver Diwald\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 A Cross-Sectional Topic in Materials Science and Technology\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Metal Oxides: Bonding and Characteristic Features\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Regimes of Size-Dependent Property Changes and Confinement Effects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Distribution of Nanoparticle Properties\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Structure and Morphology\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Confinement and Structural Disorder\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Surface Free Energy Contributions and Metastability\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 Shape\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Electronic Structure and Defects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 Size-Dependent Defect Formation Energies and Their Impact on Surface Reactivity\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Surface Chemistry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Ensembles as Dynamic Systems\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Organization of This Book\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e \u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2             Application of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and their Economic Impact\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eKarl-Heinz Haas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Nanomaterials and Nanoobjects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Selection of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Scientific and Patent Landscape\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Types of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, Properties, and Application Overview\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Use Forms of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Related Processing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Powders for Ceramics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Dispersions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Composites\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3.1 Polymer Based (Bulk and Coatings)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3.2 Metal Reinforcement\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Combination with Powders of Micrometer Sized particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Application Fields of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Agriculture\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Sensors and Analytics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Automotive\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 Biomedical\/Dental\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4.1 Therapy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.5 Catalysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.6 Consumer Products: Cosmetics, Food, Textiles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.7 Construction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.8 Electronics Including Magnetics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.9 Energy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.10 Environment, Resource Efficiency, Processing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.11 Oil Field Chemicals and Petroleum Industries\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.12 Optics\/Optoelectronics and Photonics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Economic Impact\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Conclusion and Outlook\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart II    Particle Synthesis: Principles of Selected Bottom-up Strategies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Nanoparticle Synthesis in the Gas Phase\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMatthias Niedermaier, Thomas Schwab, and Oliver Diwald\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.Some Key Issues of Particle Formation in the Gas Phase and in Liquids\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.Gas Phase Chemistry, Particle Dynamics, and Agglomeration\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.Gas-to-Particle Conversion\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.Physical Processes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2.Chemical Processes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.Particle-to-Particle Conversion\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Approaches and Precursors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.Particle Formation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.Experimental Realization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.4.Spray Pyrolysis and Flame-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.Gas Phase Functionalization Approaches\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4             Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrea Feinle and Nicola Hüsing\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 General Aspects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Liquid-Phase Chemistry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Nucleation, Growth, and Crystallization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Synthetic Procedures\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 (Co)Precipitation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Sol–Gel Processing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Polyol-Mediated Synthesis\/Pechini Method\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Hot-Injection Method\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Hydrothermal\/Solvothermal Processing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.6 Microwave-Assisted Synthesis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.7 Sonication-Assisted Synthesis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.8 Synthesis in Confined Spaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Summary\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5             Controlled Impurity Admixture: From Doped Systems to Composites\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlessandro Lauria and Markus Niederberger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Doped Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Gas-Phase Synthesis of Doped Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Solid-State Synthesis of Doped Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Phase Segregation: Formation of Heterostructures\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Core\/Shell and Heteromultimers\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Summary and Conclusions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart III   Nanoparticle Formulation: A Selection of Processing and Application Routes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6             Colloidal Processing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThomas Berger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Towards Complex Shaped and Compositionally Well-Defined Ceramics: The Need for Colloidal Processing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Colloidal Processing Fundamentals\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Interparticle Forces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.1 Electric Double Layer Forces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.2 Polymer-Induced Forces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Forming and Consolidation Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.1 Drained Casting Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.2 Tape-Casting Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.3 Constant Volume Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.4 Drying and Cracking\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Rheology of Suspensions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Electrostatic Heteroaggregation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Modification of Colloidal Stability by Heteroaggregation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Structure Evolution upon Heteroaggregation in Binary Nanoparticle Dispersions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Rheological Properties of Binary Heterocolloids\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Functional Properties of Heteroaggregates\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Ice-Templating-Enabled Porous Ceramic Structures: A Case Example of the Impact of Nanoparticles on Colloidal Processes and Material Properties\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Ice-Templating of Colloidal Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Capabilities of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Ice-Templating\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2.1 Optimization of the Mechanical Properties of Green Bodies and Sintered Parts\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2.2 Hierarchical Porosity and High Surface Area Materials\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2.3 Triple Phase Boundaries Between Entangled Percolating Networks Consisting of Two Inorganic Phases and a Hierarchical Pore System\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 From Colloidal Processing to Nanoparticle Assembly: Towards the Control of Particle Arrangement Over Several Length Scales\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7             Fabrication of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Materials Printing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePetr Dzik, Michal Veselý, and Oliver Diwald\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Traditional Coating and Printing Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Inkjet Printing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 A Brief Introduction into IJP Technology and the Process Scheme\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Functional Ink Formulation Issues\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Drop Generation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Drop Interaction with the Substrate\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.5 Drop Drying and Pattern Formation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.6 Printing Quality\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.7 Equipment and Printing Devices\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Printing of Metal Oxide Structures: The Materials Aspect\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Insulating Metal Oxides\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Semiconducting Metal Oxides\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Conducting Metal Oxides\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Examples for Complex Printed Functional Structures: The Device Aspect\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Printed Photoelectrochemical Cell\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Flexible pH Sensors by Large Scale Layer-by-layer Inkjet Printing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusions and Outlook\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8             Nanoscale Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eKathy Lu and Kaijie Ning\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Background\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Challenges and New Aspects of Nanoparticle Material Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Questionable Nature of Existing Sintering Theories\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 3D Reconstruction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Focused Ion Beam Cross-Sectioning and SEM Imaging\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 X-ray Microtomography\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Functions of Pores\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Sintering of Small Features\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 New Sintering Questions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Role of Pore Number in Small Feature Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.3 Grain Boundary Diffusion vs. Grain Boundary Migration in Small Feature Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.4 Ceramic Type Effect on Small Feature Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.5 Atmosphere Effect on Small Feature Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Summary\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart IV   Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Characterization at Different Length Scales\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9             Structure: Scattering Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eGünther J. Redhammer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Scattering and Diffraction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 What to Learn from a Diffraction Experiment?\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Theoretical Background\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Crystal Lattice, Planes, and Bragg’s Law\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1.1 Crystal Planes and Interplanar Distance\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1.2 The Reciprocal Lattice\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1.3 Bragg’s Law\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 The Intensity of a Bragg Peak\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 The Profile of a Bragg Peak\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.1 Instrumental Broadening\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.2 Sample Broadening\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.3 Analytical Description of Peak Shapes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Experimental Setup\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Single vs. Polycrystalline Samples\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Powder Diffraction Methods\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2.1 Reflection Geometry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2.2 Transmission Geometry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2.3 Grazing Incident Diffraction (GID)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2.4 Sample Preparation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Some Selected Applications\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Qualitative Phase Analysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Quantitative Phase Analysis – The Rietveld Method\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Microstructure Analysis: Size and Strain\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 X-ray Diffraction on Magnetite Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Conclusion\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10           Morphology, Structure, and Chemical Composition: Transmission Electron Microscopy and Elemental Analysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eJoanna Gryboś, Paulina Indyka, and Zbigniew Sojka\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Size, Shape, and Composition of Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Interaction of the Incident Electrons with a Specimen\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 The Transmission Electron Microscope\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Microscope Design and Operation Modes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Contrast Type and Image Formation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Resolution Limits of TEM Images\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Imaging and Analysis of Morphology\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Sample Preparation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Shape Retrieving\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2.1 Aligned Nanocrystals\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2.2 Randomly Oriented Nanocrystals\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Particle Size Determination\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Crystallographic Phase Identification – Electron Diffraction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Bragg Condition – Kinematical and Dynamical Diffraction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.3 Nanodiffraction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Chemical Composition Mapping – EDX and EELS Nanospectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Correlating Image with Spectroscopic EDX and EELS Information – Data Cubes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.2 Composition Mapping with EDX Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.3 Chemical State Imaging with EELS Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11           Electronic and Chemical Properties: X-ray Absorption and Photoemission\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePaolo Dolcet and Silvia Gross\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction and Scope of the Chapter\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Basics of X-rays – Matter Interaction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Theoretical Background\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Features and Analysis of X-ray Photoelectron Spectra\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 XPS Investigation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Metal Oxide Colloidal Suspensions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3.1 Solid–Liquid Interfaces and Nanoparticles in Suspension: Liquid-Jet and Ambient Pressure XPS\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3.2 Valence Band XPS for the Investigation of Oxides\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 XPS Spectrometer Equipment: Components and Sources\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.5 Performing XPS Experiments\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.5.1 Planning of the Analysis and Sample Preparation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.6 XPS Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis and Fitting\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4  X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 X-ray Absorption Theory\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 XAS for the Investigation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2.1 Materials for Oxygen Evolution Reaction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2.2 Point Defects and Ferromagnetism\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Anatomy of a XAS Beamline\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.4 The XAS Experiment: Obtaining Beamtime, Sample Preparation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Case Studies for the Combined Use of XPS and XAS in Oxide Analysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Concluding Remarks: Complementarities and Differences of XPS and XAS\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12           Optical Properties: UV\/Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThomas Berger and Anette Trunschke\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Interaction of Metal Oxide Particle-Based Materials with Light\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Spectroscopic Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Transmission Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2.1 Kubelka–Munk Theory\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2.2 Measurement of Absorption Spectra in Diffuse Reflectance\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2.3 Experimental Constraints and Sources of Error\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2.4 Optical Accessories\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Photoluminescence Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3.1 Principles of Photoluminescence Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3.2 Inorganic Luminescent Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 \u003ci\u003eIn Situ\u003c\/i\u003e Cells and Measurement Configurations\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Types of Transitions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 UV Region (5.0–2.5 eV)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1.1 Charge Transfer (CT) Transitions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1.2 Band-to-Band Transitions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1.3 Excitonic Surface States in Highly Dispersed Insulating Metal Oxides\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1.4 Organic Ligands and Adsorbates\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Visible Region (3.5–1.5 eV)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2.1 Metal Centered Transitions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Near-Infrared Region (1.5–0.5 nm)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3.1 Intraband Transitions: Free Carrier Absorption\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3.2 Vibrational Transitions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3.3 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Degenerately Doped Metal Oxide Semiconductor Nanocrystals\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Case Studies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Heterogeneous Catalysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Adsorption and Reaction of Porphyrins on Highly Dispersed MgO Nanocube Powders\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 Vibrational Spectroscopies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eChristian Hess\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Basic Principles of Vibrational Spectroscopies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 IR Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Raman Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.4 In Situ\/Operando Characterization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Vibrational Properties of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Structural Identification and Phase Transitions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Particle Size\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Strain and Defects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.4 Surface Hydroxyl Groups\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.5 Surface Oxygen Species\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Case Study: Ceria Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Characterization of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Under Working Conditions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Conclusions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14           Solid State Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eYamini S. Avadhut and Martin Hartmann\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Basics of Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Magic Angle Spinning\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Cross-Polarization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Multiple Quantum Magic Angle Spinning\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Selected Examples\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Basics of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 The Spin Hamiltonian of Paramagnetic Systems\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Defects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Transition Metal Ions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Selected Example\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15           Characterization of Surfaces and Interfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThomas Berger and Oliver Diwald\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Interfaces Determine Stability and Functional Properties: From Manufactured Metal Oxide Nanoparticles to Surface Science Studies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 From Crystal Faces to Nanocrystals: Surface Energetics and Wulff Constructions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Surface Tension, Surface Stress, and Surface Energy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Wulff Construction: A Starting Point for Modelling\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Free Energies of Particle Formation and Particle Surfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Changing Interfaces and Microstructures\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 The Solid–Vacuum Interface\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Solid–Vapor Interfaces: Thin Water Films as Reactive Environments\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Solid–Liquid Interfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Solid–Solid Interfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Experimental Approaches for Surface and Interface Characterization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.1 Gas Adsorption\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.2 He Pycnometry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.3 Nonlinear Optics and Surface Specific Optical Probes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.4 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.5 Zeta Potential, Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (AP-XPS), and Electrochemistry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.6 Surface and Interface Energies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16          Adsorption and Chemical Reactivity\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eOliver Diwald and Martin Hartmann\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Some Principles and Key Issues of Adsorption\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Physisorption, Chemisorption, and Potential Energy Diagrams\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Sticking Probability, Surface Residence Time, and Adsorption Isotherms\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Adsorption in Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Ensembles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Microstructure and Porosity\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Adsorption and Diffusion\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Thermal Techniques to Characterize Sorption\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.3 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.4 Calorimetry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Temperature-Programmed Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR) and Oxidation (TPO)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.3 Temperature-Programmed Surface Reaction (TPSR)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Adsorption in Liquids – Nanoparticle Dispersions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.1 General Aspects of Adsorption in Solution\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.2 Adsorption and Exchange of Ligands at the Colloidal Interface\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.3 Grafting of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles with Surfactants\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Nature and Abundance of Catalytically Active Centers\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Probes to Characterize Strength and Activity of Catalytic Sites\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Catalytic Test Reactions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9.1 Acidic and Basic Catalysts\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9.2 Redox Reactions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9.3 Bifunctional Catalysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.10 Stability and Aging of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Catalysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17           Particle Characterization Technology\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlfred P. Weber\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Sampling and Sample Preparation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.1 Sampling\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.2 Sampling from the Gas Phase\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.3 Sampling from a Suspension and Sample Preparation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Image Analysis Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Point operations\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Linear Filter\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 Nonlinear Filter\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.4 Morphological Filtering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Counting Techniques for Single Suspended Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.1 Wide Angle Laser Light Collector\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.2 Nano-Laser Doppler Anemometry (NanoLDA)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.3 Condensation Particle Counter (CPC)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.4 Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.5 Comparison of NTA and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Separation Techniques\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.1 Field-Flow-Fractionation (FFF)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.2 Analytical Ultracentrifugation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.3 Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.4 Low Pressure Impactor (LPI)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Multiparametric Particle Characterization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.1 Aerosol Photoemission Spectroscopy (APES)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.2 Multidimensional NTA on Nanosuspensions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.3 Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Summary\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart V    Characterization of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles with Modelling\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18           Atomistic Modeling of Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eKeith McKenna\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Methods\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.1 Interatomic Potentials\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.2 First Principles Methods\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.3 QM\/MM (or Embedded Cluster) Methods\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Structure of Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.1 Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Approaches\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.2 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D Defects in Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.3 Interfaces Between Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Electronic Properties\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.1 Density of States\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.2 Ionization Energies and Electron Affinities\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.3 Optical Absorption Spectra\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.4 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Summary\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19           Modeling of Reactions at Oxide Surfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHenrik Grönbeck\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Computational Considerations\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.1 First Principles Calculations\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.2 \u003ci\u003eAb Initio\u003c\/i\u003e Thermodynamics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.3 Kinetic Modeling of Surface Reactions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Some Features of Reactions on Metal Oxide Surfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Adsorbate Pairing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4.1 Cooperative Adsorption\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4.2 Effects of Electronic-Pairing in Modeling of Surface Reactions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4.3 Kinetic Modeling of Reactions at Oxide Surfaces\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4.4 Trans-Ligand Effects\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Reactions at Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5.1 Trends in Adsorption Properties\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Conclusions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20           Mesoscale Modelling of Nanoparticle Formation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEirini Goudeli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Nanoparticle Characterization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.1 Agglomerate Radii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.2 Fractal Dimension and Mass-Mobility Exponent\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.3 Dynamic Shape Factor\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.4 Relative Shape Anisotropy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Monte Carlo Simulations\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Discrete Element Method\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5.1 Collision Frequency Function\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Particle Dynamics\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Concluding Remarks\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart IV   Nanoparticles in Biological Environments\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21           Biological Activity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMartin Himly, Mark Geppert, and Albert Duschl\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Bio-Nano Interaction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Interaction of Nanoparticles with Cells\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.1 Recognition of Nanoparticles by Cells\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.1.1 Uptake of Nanoparticles into Cells\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.1.2 Intracellular Fate and Interactions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Uptake Routes of Nanoparticles into the Body and Their Fate There\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Biological Test Methods for Assessing Biological Activities and Hazards of Nanoparticles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.1 \u003ci\u003eIn Vitro\u003c\/i\u003e Methods\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.2 \u003ci\u003eIn Vivo\u003c\/i\u003e Methods\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.3 Biological Endpoints\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Exposure of Humans\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5.1 Intentional Exposure\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5.2 Unintentional Exposure\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Nanoparticles in the Environment\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Understanding and Regulating Risk\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart VII Case Studies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22           The Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Pigments\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eRobin Klupp Taylor\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Properties of Pigments with a Focus on Iron Oxides\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.1 Introduction by Way of a Commercial Pigment Example\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.2 Colorimetric Properties of Pigment Films\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.3 Pigments as Particle Based Optical Materials: General Considerations\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.4 Radiative Transfer in a Pigment Film: Kubelka–Munk Theory\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.5 Optical Properties of Metal Oxides for Color Pigments\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.5.1 Defining the Complex Refractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.5.2 Measuring the Complex Refractive Index\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.6 Microscopic Models for Light Scattering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.6.1 Particles Much Smaller Than the Wavelength of Light\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.6.2 Spherical Particles Similar in Size or Larger Than the Wavelength of Light (Lorenz–Mie Theory)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.6.3 Simulating Pigment Color Based on Spherical Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2.6.4 Simulating Pigment Color Based on Nonspherical Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23           Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Varistors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eOliver Diwald\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Principle of Operation and Microstructure\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Varistor Manufacturing: The Conventional Approach in Industry\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Why Use Synthetic ZnO Nanoparticle Powders as Raw Materials\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Defect Engineering and Electronic Properties\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Impurity Admixture for Microstructure Engineering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.7 Synthesis of Varistor Nanoparticle Powders\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.8 Formulation and Shaping of ZnO Powders and Dispersions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.9 Sintering\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.9.1 Alternative Approaches for the Sintering of Nanostructured ZnO Green Bodies\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.10 Cold Sintering and Ceramic–Polymer Composite Varistors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.11 Concluding Remarks\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24           Metal Oxide Nanoparticle-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThomas Berger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Working Principle of Metal Oxide Particle-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Porous Layers Consisting of Loaded and Doped Metal Oxide Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3.1 Loaded Metal Oxide Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3.2 Doped Metal Oxide Particles\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Metal Oxide Nanoparticle-Based Sensing Layers\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Fabrication of Nanoparticle-Based Porous Thick Film Sensing Layers\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5.1 Layer Deposition Involving Particle Dispersions\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5.1.1 Synthesis of Sensing Materials\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5.1.2 Screen Printing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5.1.3 Inkjet Printing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5.1.4 Drop Coating\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5.2 Flame Spray Pyrolysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Nanostructured Conductometric Gas Sensors for Breath Analysis\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407056609623,"sku":"9781119436744","price":296.96,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119436744.jpg?v=1730498020","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/metal-oxide-nanoparticles-2-volume-set-9781119436744","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}