{"product_id":"meaning-and-argument-9781118390191","title":"Meaning and Argument","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeaning and Argument\u003c\/i\u003e is a popular introduction to philosophy of logic and philosophy of language.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eOffers a distinctive philosophical, rather than mathematical, approach to logic\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eConcentrates on symbolization and works out all the technical logic with truth tables instead of derivations\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncorporates the insights of half a century''s work in philosophy and linguistics on anaphora by Peter Geach, Gareth Evans, Hans Kamp, and Irene Heim among others\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContains numerous exercises and a corresponding answer key\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn extensive appendix allows readers to explore subjects that go beyond what is usually covered in an introductory logic course\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUpdated edition includes over a dozen new problem sets and revisions throughout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFeatures an accompanying website at \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/ruccs.rutgers.edu\/~logic\/MeaningArgument.html\"\u003ehttp:\/\/ruccs.rutgers.edu\/~logic\/MeaningArgument.html\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface to Revised Second Edition xiii  \u003cp\u003ePreface to Second Edition xiv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to Revised Edition xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xvi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction to Teacher 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 A Brief Introduction to Key Terms 5\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Arguments 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 What is a Statement? 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2 Premises and Conclusion 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Putting Arguments into a Standard Format 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Multiple Conclusions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Deductive Validity 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Soundness 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Missing Premises and Conclusions 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Argument Forms and Propositional Logic 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Formal Validity 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Quotation Marks 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Metalinguistic Variables 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Non-formal Validity 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 The Need for Propositional Logic 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Symbolic Notation 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 The Type\/Token Distinction 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Conjunction 31\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Logical Conjunction 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Distinguishing Deductive from Non-deductive Aspects of Conjunction 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Phrasal Logical Conjunctions 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Series Decompounding 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Using ‘Respectively’ 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Symbolizing Logical Conjunctions 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Negation 42\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Logical Negation 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Some Other Negative Expressions 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 A Point about Methodology 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 A Point on Ambiguity 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Symbolizing Logical Negations 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Ambiguity and the Need for Groupers 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Review of Symbols 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Using ‘Without’ 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Argument Forms Continued 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Symbolizing Logical Negations Continued 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Truth Tables 56\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Well-formed Formulas 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Scope 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Main Connective 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Truth Tables 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Truth Table Analyses of Statements 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Truth Table Analyses of Arguments 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Disjunction 68\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Logical Disjunction 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Disjunction and Negation 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Iterations and Groupers 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Inclusive versus Exclusive ‘Or’ 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Symbolizing Logical Disjunctions Continued 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Conditionals 79\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Conditionals with Constituent Statements 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Conditionals without Constituent Statements 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Logical Conditionals 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Symbolizing Conditionals in PL 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Only If 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Unless 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Since, Because 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Conditionals and Groupers 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 If and Only If 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 A Revised Grammar for Well-formedness in PL 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Summarizing Truth Tables 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12.1 Validity 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12.2 Contradiction, Tautology, Contingency 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12.3 Consistency 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12.4 Logical Equivalence 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Truth Trees 109\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Reviewing Validity 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Tree Trunks and Compound and Atomic Statements 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Truth Tree Rules 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Non-branching Rules 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Branching Rules 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Strategies 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Truth Trees and Invalidity 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Propositional Logic and Counter-examples (Counter-models) 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Logical Properties and Relations Revisited 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 Consistency 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.2 Contradiction, Tautology, Contingency 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.3 Logical Equivalence 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Property Predicate Logic 129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Limits of Propositional Logic 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Singular Terms 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Property Predicates 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Quantifiers 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Simple Existential Quantifier Statements 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Symbolizing Simple Existential Statements 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Simple Universal Quantifier Statements 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 Negations of Existentials 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Complex Predicates 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Well-formedness in PPL 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Quantifiers Modifying General Terms 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1 Existential Quantifiers and General Terms 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.2 Universal Quantifiers and General Terms 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Evaluating Arguments in Property Predicate Logic 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Quantifiers and Scope 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 The Truth Tree Method Extended 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Quantifier Exchange Rule (QE) 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Universal Quantifier Rule (UQ) 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Existential Quantifier Rule (EQ) 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Super Strategy 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Property Predicate Logic and Counter-examples (Counter-models) 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 PPL Logical Equivalences and Non-equivalences 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Other Logical Properties and Relations 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Consistency 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.2 Logical Equivalence 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.3 Contradiction, Logical Truth, Contingency 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Property Predicate Logic Refinements 172\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Literal Meaning 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 ‘Any’ as an Existential 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Restrictive Relative Clauses 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Pronouns Revisited 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Deixis and Anaphora 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Quantification and Anaphora 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Only 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Restrictive Words in English 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Evaluating Symbolizations of English in Logical Notation 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Relational Predicate Logic 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Limits of Property Predicate Logic 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Convention 1: Number 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Convention 2: Order 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Convention 3: Active\/Passive Voice 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Convention 4: Single Quantifiers 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Variables 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Convention 5: Variables and Quantifiers 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2 Convention 6: Variables and Property Predicates 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.3 General Comments about Variables 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Relational Predicate Logic with Nested Quantifiers 207\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Multiply General Statements 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Universal Quantifier Procedure 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Existential Quantifier Procedure 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Double Binding Variables 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Kicking Out 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Systematic and Analytic Procedures 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 A Grammar for Well-formedness in RPL 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Nested Quantifiers, Variables, and Scope 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Order and Scope Refinements 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1 The Order and Scope Procedure 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Summary of the Overall Procedure for Symbolizing English Statements with Nested Quantifiers into RPL 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Extending the Truth Tree Method to RPL 229\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 RPL Arguments without Quantifiers 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 RPL Arguments without Nested Quantifiers 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 RPL Arguments with Nested Quantifiers 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Choosing Singular Terms to Instantiate 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Infinite Truth Trees for RPL Arguments 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Summary of Truth Tree Strategies 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Relational Predicate Logic and Counter-examples (Counter-models) 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Negation, Only, and Restrictive Relative Clauses 244\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Negation 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 ‘Only’ as a Quantifier 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Restrictive Relative Clauses 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 The Quantificational Restrictive Relative Clause Procedure 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Quantifiers and Anaphora 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Repair Algorithm 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Anaphora and Restrictive Relative Clauses 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Anaphora Across Sentences 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Quantification in English 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Relational Predicate Logic with Identity 268\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Limits of Relational Predicate Logic 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Extending the Truth Tree Method to RPL= 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Identity-out Rule 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Identity-in Rule 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Sameness and Distinctness in English 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 ‘Only’ Again 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Words of Distinction: Except, But, Other (than), Besides, Else 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Numerical Adjectives 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 At Least n 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 At Most n (No More than n) 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.3 Exactly n 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.4 Counting Pairs 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.5 Combinatorics (optional) 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Definite Descriptions 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 The Definite Description Quantifier Procedure 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Definite Descriptions as Anaphors 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.3 Plural Definite Descriptions 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Verbs and their Modifiers 294\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Prepositional Phrases 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 The Event Approach 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Indirect Support of the Event Approach 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Fixing Referents and Binding Anaphoric Pronouns 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Quantification over Events 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 Conversational Inferences and Events 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.4 Methodological Reflections 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Adverbial Modification 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Problems with the Event Approach 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA1 Conjunction 308\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA1.1 Prepositional Phrases 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA1.2 Conversational Inferences and Deductive Validity 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA1.3 Relative Clauses 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA2 Negation and Disjunction 314\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA2.1 Modalities and Negation 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA2.2 Disjunction and Conversational Inferences 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA3 Conditionals 315\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA3.1 Explication of the Material Conditional Truth Table 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA3.1.1 Paradoxes of implication 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA3.1.2 Conditionals and conversational inferences 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA3.1.3 Paradoxes of implication revisited 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA3.2 ‘If ’s and ‘Then’s without Conditionality 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA4 Property Predicate Logic\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb\u003e321\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.1 Only 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.2 Conversational Inferences 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.2.1 Existential import 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.2.2 Scalar inferences 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.3 More on Literal Meaning 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.4 Adjectival Modification and Predication 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.5 A Non-standard Quantifier – Most 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA5 Relational Predicate Logic 330\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.1 Passive Voice: Another Argument for Variables 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.1.1 Passive voice for nested quantifier procedure 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.2 Properties of Relations 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.2.1 Symmetry, asymmetry, non-symmetry 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.2.2 Transitivity, intransitivity, non-transitivity 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.2.3 Total reflexivity, reflexivity, irreflexivity, and non-reflexivity 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA6 Relational Predicate Logic with Identity 337\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.1 ‘Only’ and Existential Import 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.2 Descriptions and Anaphora 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.3 Plural Anaphora 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.3.1 Plural definite descriptions as anaphors 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.3.2 Singular indefinite antecedents of plural pronouns 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.3.3 Partitives 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.4 Existence 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.5 Intensionality 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.6 Properties of the Identity Relationship 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.7 The Superlative 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6.8 Identity and Predicative Adjectives 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA7 Verbs and their Modifiers 350\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA7.1 Infinitives and Gerunds 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA7.2 Reference to Events 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA7.3 The Logic of Perceptual Verbs 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers for Selected Exercises 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 1 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 2 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 3 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 4 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 5 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 6 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 7 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 8 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 9 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 10 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 11 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 12 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 13 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 14 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 15 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 16 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 17 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLogical Symbols 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 430\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406863278423,"sku":"9781118390191","price":44.6,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118390191.jpg?v=1730497373","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/meaning-and-argument-9781118390191","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}