{"product_id":"introduction-to-ground-penetrating-radar-9781118305003","title":"Introduction to Ground Penetrating Radar","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA real-world guide to practical applications of ground penetrating radar (GPR)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe nondestructive nature of ground penetrating radar makes it an important and popular method of subsurface imaging, but it is a highly specialized field, requiring a deep understanding of the underlying science for successful application. \u003ci\u003eIntroduction to Ground Penetrating Radar: Inverse Scattering and Data Processing\u003c\/i\u003e provides experienced professionals with the background they need to ensure precise data collection and analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWritten to build upon the information presented in more general introductory volumes, the book discusses the fundamental mathematical, physical, and engineering principles upon which GPR is built. Real-world examples and field data provide readers an accurate view of day-to-day GPR use. Topics include:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e2D scattering for dielectric and magnetic targets\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D scattering equations and migration algorithms\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eHost medium character\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContributors xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to GPR Prospecting 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 What Is a GPR? 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 GPR Systems and GPR Signals 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 GPR Application Fields 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Measurement Configurations, Bands, and Polarizations 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 GPR Data Processing 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Characterization of the Host Medium 10\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 The Characteristics of the Host Medium 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 The Measure of the Propagation Velocity in a Masonry 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 The Measure of the Propagation Velocity in a Homogeneous Soil 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Interfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Null Offset: The Case of a Point-like Target 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Interfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Null Offset: The Case of a Circular Target 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Interfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Non-null Offset: The Case of a Point-like Target 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Noninterfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Null Offset: The Case of a Point-like Target 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Interfacial Data in Common Midpoint (CMP) Mode 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Lossy, Magnetic, and Dispersive Media 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 GPR Data Sampling: Frequency and Time Steps 32\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Stepped Frequency GPR Systems: The Problem of the Aliasing and the Frequency Step 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Shape and Thickness of the GPR Pulses 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Stepped Frequency GPR Systems: The Problem of the Demodulation and the Frequency Step 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Aliasing and Time Step for Pulsed GPR Systems 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 The 2d Scattering Equations for Dielectric Targets 48\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Preliminary Remarks 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Derivation of the Scattering Equations Without Considering the Effect of the Antennas 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Calculation of the Incident Field Radiated by a Filamentary Current 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 The Plane Wave Spectrum of an Electromagnetic Source in a Homogeneous Space 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 The Insertion of the Source Characteristics in the Scattering Equations 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 The Far Field in a Homogeneous Lossless Space in Terms of Plane Wave Spectrum 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 The Effective Length of an Electromagnetic Source in a Homogeneous Space 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 The Insertion of the Receiver Characteristics in the Scattering Equations 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 The 2d Scattering Equations for Magnetic Targets 79\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 The Scattering Equations with Only Magnetic Anomalies 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 The Contribution of the x-Component of the Fitzgerald Vector 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 The Contribution of the z-Component of the Fitzgerald Vector 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 The Joined Contribution of Both the x- and z-Components of the Fitzgerald Vector 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 The Case with Both Dielectric and Magnetic Anomalies 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 ILL-posedness and Nonlinearity 96\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Ill-Posedness 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Nonlinearity 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 The Ill-Posedness of the Inverse Scattering Problem 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 The Nonlinearity of the Inverse Scattering Problem 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Extraction of the Scattered Field Data From the GPR Data 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Zero Timing 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Muting of Interface Contributions 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 The Differential Configuration 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 The Background Removal 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 the Born Approximation 116\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 The Classical Born Approximation 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 The Born Approximation in the Presence of Magnetic Targets 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Weak and Nonweak Scattering Objects 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Diffraction Tomography 122\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction to Diffraction Tomography 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Diffraction Tomography for Dielectric Targets 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Diffraction Tomography for Dielectric Targets Seen Under a Limited View Angle 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 The Effective Maximum and Minimum View Angle 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Horizontal Resolution 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Vertical Resolution 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Spatial Step 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Frequency Step 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Time Step 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 The Effect of a Non-null Height of the Observation Line 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 The Effect of the Radiation Characteristics of the Antennas 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.12 DT Relationship in the Presence of Magnetic Targets 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.13 DT Relationship for a Differential Configuration 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.14 DT Relationship in the Presence of Background Removal 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Two-dimensional Migration Algorithms 169\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Migration in the Frequency Domain 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Migration in the Time Domain (Raffaele Persico and Raffaele Solimene) 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Three-dimensional Scattering Equations 182\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLorenzo Lo Monte, Raffaele Persico, and Raffaele Solimene\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Scattering in Three Dimensions: Redefinition of the Main Symbols 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 The Scattering Equations in 3D 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Three-Dimensional Green’s Functions 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 The Incident Field 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Homogeneous 3D Green’s Functions 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 The Plane Wave Spectrum of a 3D Homogeneous Green’s Fucntion 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Half-Space Green’s Functions 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Three-dimensional Diffraction Tomography 205\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Born Approximation and DT in 3D 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Ideal and Limited-View-Angle 3D Retrievable Spectral Sets 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Spatial Step and Transect 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Horizontal Resolution (Raffaele Persico and Raffaele Solimene) 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Vertical Resolution, Frequency and Time Steps 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Three-dimensional Migration Algorithms 219\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 3D Migration Formulas in the Frequency Domain 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 3D Migration Formulas in the Time Domain 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 3D Versus 2D Migration Formulas in the Time Domain 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 The Singular Value Decomposition 229\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 The Method of Moments 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Reminders About Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 The Singular Value Decomposition 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 The Study of the Inverse Scattering Relationship by Means of the SVD 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Numerical and Experimental Examples 242\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Examples with Regard to the Measure of the Propagation Velocity 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1 Common Offset Interfacial Data with Null Offset on a Homogeneous Soil 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2 Common Offset Interfacial Data on a Wall, Neglecting the Offset Between the Antennas 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.3 Interfacial Common Offset Data on a Homogeneous Soil: The Effect on the Offset Between the Antennas 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.4 Noninterfacial Common Offset Data with a Null Offset Between the Antennas 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.5 Common Midpoint Data 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Exercises on Spatial Step and Horizontal Resolution 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Exercises on Frequency Step and Vertical Resolution 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Exercises on the Number of Trial Unknowns 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Exercises on Spectral and Spatial Contents 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Exercises on the Effect of the Height of the Observation Line 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Exercises on the Effect of the Extent of the Investigation Domain 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Exercises on the Effects of the Background Removal 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 2D and 3D Migration Examples with a Single Set and Two Crossed Sets of B-Scans (Marcello Ciminale, Giovanni Leucci, Loredana Matera, and Raffaele Persico) 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.10 2D and 3D Inversion Examples (Ilaria Catapano and Raffaele Persico) 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendices 327\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A (Raffaele Persico and Raffaele Solimene) 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix C 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix D 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix E 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix F (Raffaele Persico and Raffaele Solimene) 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix G: Answers to Questions 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 365\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406848762199,"sku":"9781118305003","price":97.16,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118305003.jpg?v=1730497332","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/introduction-to-ground-penetrating-radar-9781118305003","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}