{"product_id":"industrial-valves-9781394185023","title":"Industrial Valves","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eINDUSTRIAL VALVES\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eImprove the design and safety of your industrial valves with this comprehensive guide\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIndustrial valves are used to regulate the flow of liquids, gases, or slurries. They are fundamental to multiple industries, including marine shipping, in which valves regulate power supply, wastewater, water for fire-fighting, and other shipboard essentials. They are also critical to the oil and gas industry, where valves are used to control the flow of oil or gas out of deposits, direct the crude oil refining process, protect key areas and equipment from spillage and overflow, and more. Without the safety and regulating power provided by industrial valves these industries could not proceed. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book provides a thorough introduction to the modeling and calculation of key challenges related to valve design, manufacturing, and operation. It focuses particularly on solving problems of material failure due to corrosion and cavitation, allowing readers to construc\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Flow Capacity 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Flow Coefficient Chart and Flow Curve 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Rangeability and Turndown 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Valve Authority 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Valve Gain 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Valve Sizing 22\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Isolation Valve Sizing 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Nonreturn (Check) Valve Sizing 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Control Valve Sizing 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Control Valve Sizing for Liquids 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1.1 Specify the Variables Required to Size the Valve 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1.2 Determine the Equation Constant (\u003ci\u003eN\u003c\/i\u003e) 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1.3 Determine Piping Geometry Factor (\u003ci\u003eF\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eP\u003c\/sub\u003e) 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1.4 Determine the Maximum Flow Rate (\u003ci\u003eq\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003emax\u003c\/sub\u003e) and Maximum Pressure Drop (Δ\u003ci\u003eP\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003emax\u003c\/sub\u003e) 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1.5 Solve for Flow Coefficient 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1.6 Select the Correct Valve Size 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Control Valve Sizing for Gas and Steam 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.1 Specify the Variables Required to Size the Valve 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.2 Determine the Equation Constant (\u003ci\u003eN\u003c\/i\u003e) 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.3 Determine Piping Geometry Factor (\u003ci\u003eF\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eP\u003c\/sub\u003e) 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.4 Determine the Expansion Factor (\u003ci\u003eY\u003c\/i\u003e) 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.5 Solve for the Required Flow Coefficient (\u003ci\u003eC\u003c\/i\u003e\u003csub\u003ev\u003c\/sub\u003e) 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Safety Relief Valve Sizing 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Sizing for Gas or Vapor Relief 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1.1 Critical Flow 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1.2 Subcritical Flow 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Sizing for Steam Relief 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Sizing for Liquid Relief 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.1 Sizing for Liquid Relief with Capacity Certification 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.2 Sizing for Liquid Relief Without Capacity Certification 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 Sizing for Two-Phase Liquid\/Vapor Relief 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4.1 Sizing for Saturated Liquid and Saturated Vapor, Liquid Flashes 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4.2 Sizing for Subcooled at the Pressure Relief Valve Inlet 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.5 Sizing for Fire Case and Hydraulic Expansion 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.5.1 Hydraulic Expansion (Thermal Expansion) 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.5.2 Sizing Safety Valve for the Fire Case 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Cavitation and Flashing 112\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Cavitation 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 What is Cavitation? 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Cavitation Essential Parameters 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Cavitation Analysis 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Flashing 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Wall Thickness 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 ASME B16.34 Minimum Wall Thickness Calculation 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Conservation Approach (Mandatory Appendix A) 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Nonconservation Method 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 ASME Sec. VIII Div. 02 Wall Thickness Calculation 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Wafer Design Thickness Validation 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Material and Corrosion 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Carbon Dioxide Corrosion 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Corrosion Mechanism 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Corrosion Mitigation 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Corrosion Rate Calculation 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.1 Basic CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Corrosion Rate 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.2 Corrective CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Corrosion Rate 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.3 Final CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Corrosion Rate 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Pitting Corrosion 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Carbon Equivalent 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Hydrogen-Induced Stress Cracking (HISC) Corrosion 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 HISC and Vulnerable Materials 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 HISC and Stress 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 HISC and Cathodic Protection 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4 HISC and DNV Standard 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Noise 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction to Sound 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Introduction to Noise 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Noise in Industrial Valves 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Mechanical Noise and Vibration 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Fluid Noise 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.1 Aerodynamic Noise 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.2 Hydrodynamic Noise 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Noise Control Strategies 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Noise Calculations for Pipes and Valves 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Acoustic Fatigue Analysis 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.1 Sound Power Level Calculations 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.2 Mach Number 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Noise in Control Valves 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.1 Aerodynamic Noise in Control Valves 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.2 Hydrodynamic Noise in Control Valves 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Noise in Pressure Safety or Relief Valves 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3.1 Calculation of Noise Emission According to ISO 4126-9 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3.2 Calculation of Noise Emission According to API 521 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3.3 Calculation of Noise Emission According to VDI 2713 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Water Hammering 233\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Water Hammering and Pressure Loss in Check Valves 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Water Hammering Calculations 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Safety Valves 258\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Safety Valve Parts 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Safety Valve Design and Operation 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Design and Operation Parameters 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.1 Overpressure Criteria 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Principle of Operation 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Safety Valve Reaction Forces 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Safety Valve Capacity Conversion 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Safety and Reliability 304\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Safety Standards 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Risk Analysis 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Basic Safety and Reliability Concepts 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 System Incidents and Failures 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.1 Failure Rate 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.2 Repair Rate 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.3 Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.4 Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.5 Mean Time to Repair and Recovery (MTTR) 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.6 Mean Time to Detection (MTTD) 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Reliability and Unreliability 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Availability and Unavailability 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Calculations 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 SIL 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.2 Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD) 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.3 Mean Downtime 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.4 Diagnostic Coverage 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.5 Safe Failure Fraction (SFF) 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Condition Monitoring (ValveWatch) 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Valve Operation 357\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Valve Torque 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Stem Design 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 MAST Calculations 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Buckling Prevention 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Torsional Deflection Prevention 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 MAST Limitation for Quarter-Turn Cryogenic Valves 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Miscellaneous 385\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Joint Efficiency 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Weld Joint Efficiency 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Bolted Joint Efficiency 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.1 Bolted Bonnet or Cover Joints 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.2 Bolted Body Joints 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Threaded Joint Efficiency 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3.1 Threaded Bonnet or Cover Joints 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3.2 Threaded Body Joints 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Stem Sealing 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestions and Answers 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 407\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default 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