{"product_id":"hydroprocessing-for-clean-energy-9781118921357","title":"Hydroprocessing for Clean Energy","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eProvides a holistic approach that looks at changing process conditions, possible process design changes, and process technology upgrades\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes process integration techniques for improving process designs and for applying optimization techniques for improving operations focusing on hydroprocessing units.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiscusses in details all important aspects of hydroprocessing  including catalytic materials, reaction mechanism, as well as process design, operation and control, troubleshooting and optimization\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMethods and tools are introduced that have a successful application track record at UOP and many industrial plants in recent years\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes relevant calculations\/software\/technologies hosted online for purchasers of the book\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePREFACE xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 1 FUNDAMENTALS 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Overview of This Book 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Energy Sustainability, 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 ULSD – Important Part of the Energy Mix, 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Technical Challenges for Making ULSD, 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 What is the Book Written for, 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Refinery Feeds, Products, and Processes 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction, 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 ASTM Standard for Crude Characterization, 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Important Terminologies in Crude Characterization, 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Refining Processes, 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Products and Properties, 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Biofuel, 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Diesel Hydrotreating Process 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Why Diesel Hydrotreating?, 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Basic Process Flowsheeting, 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Feeds, 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Products, 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Reaction Mechanisms, 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Hydrotreating Catalysts, 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Key Process Conditions, 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Different Types of Process Designs, 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Description of Hydrocracking Process 51\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Why Hydrocracking, 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Basic Processing Blocks, 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Feeds, 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Products, 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Reaction Mechanism and Catalysts, 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Catalysts, 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Key Process Conditions, 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Typical Process Designs, 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 2 HYDROPROCESSING DESIGN 79\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Process Design Considerations 81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction, 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Reactor Design, 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Recycle Gas Purity, 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Wash Water, 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Separator Design, 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Makeup Gas Compression, 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Distillate Hydrotreating Unit Design 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction, 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Number of Separators, 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Stripper Design, 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Debutanizer Design, 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Integrated Design, 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Hydrocracking Unit Design 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction, 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Single-stage Hydrocracking Reactor Section, 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Two-stage Hydrocracking Reactor Section, 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Use of a Hot Separator in Hydrocracking Unit Design, 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Use of Flash Drums, 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Hydrocracking Unit Fractionation Section Design, 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Fractionator First Flow Scheme, 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Debutanizer First Flow Scheme, 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Stripper First Fractionation Flow Scheme, 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Dual Zone Stripper Fractionation Flow Scheme, 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Dual Zone Stripper – Dual Fractionator Flow Scheme, 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Hot Separator Operating Temperature, 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13 Hydrogen Recovery, 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14 LPG Recovery, 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.15 HPNA Rejection, 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.16 Hydrocracking Unit Integrated Design, 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 3 ENERGY AND PROCESS INTEGRATION 189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Heat Integration for Better Energy Efficiency 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction, 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Energy Targeting, 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Grassroots Heat Exchanger Network (Hen) Design, 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Network Pinch for Energy Retrofit, 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Process Integration for Low-Cost Design 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction, 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Definition of Process Integration, 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Grand Composite Curves (GCC), 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Appropriate Placement Principle for Process Changes, 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Dividing Wall Distillation Column, 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Systematic Approach for Process Integration, 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Applications of the Process Integration Methodology, 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Summary of Potential Energy Efficiency Improvements, 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Distillation Column Operating Window 249\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction, 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 What is Distillation?, 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Why Distillation is the Most Widely Used?, 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Distillation Efficiency, 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Definition of Feasible Operating Window, 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Understanding Operating Window, 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Typical Capacity Limits, 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Effects of Design Parameters, 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Design Checklist, 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Example Calculations for Developing Operating Window, 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Concluding Remarks, 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 4 PROCESS EQUIPMENT ASSESSMENT 301\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Fired Heater Assessment 303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction, 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Fired Heater Design for High Reliability, 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Fired Heater Operation for High Reliability, 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Efficient Fired Heater Operation, 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Fired Heater Revamp, 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Pump Assessment 323\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction, 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Understanding Pump Head, 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Define Pump Head – Bernoulli Equation, 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Calculate Pump Head, 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Total Head Calculation Examples, 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Pump System Characteristics – System Curve, 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Pump Characteristics – Pump Curve, 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Best Efficiency Point (Bep), 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Pump Curves for Different Pump Arrangement, 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 NPSH, 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.11 Spillback, 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12 Reliability Operating Envelope (ROE), 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13 Pump Control, 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.14 Pump Selection and Sizing, 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Compressor Assessment 353\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction, 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Types of Compressors, 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Impeller Configurations, 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Type of Blades, 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 How a Compressor Works, 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Fundamentals of Centrifugal Compressors, 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Performance Curves, 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Partial Load Control, 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Inlet Throttle Valve, 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 Process Context for a Centrifugal Compressor, 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11 Compressor Selection, 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Heat Exchanger Assessment 371\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction, 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Basic Concepts and Calculations, 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Understand Performance Criterion – U Values, 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Understand Fouling, 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Understand Pressure Drop, 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Effects of Velocity on Heat Transfer, Pressure Drop, and Fouling, 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Heat Exchanger Rating Assessment, 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Improving Heat Exchanger Performance, 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Distillation Column Assessment 401\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction, 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Define a Base Case, 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Calculations for Missing and Incomplete Data, 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Building Process Simulation, 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Heat and Material Balance Assessment, 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Tower Efficiency Assessment, 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Operating Profile Assessment, 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Tower Rating Assessment, 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Guidelines, 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 5 PROCESS SYSTEM EVALUATION 423\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Energy Benchmarking 425\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction, 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Definition of Energy Intensity for a Process, 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 The Concept of Fuel Equivalent for Steam and Power (FE), 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Data Extraction, 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Convert All Energy Usage to Fuel Equivalent, 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Energy Balance, 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Fuel Equivalent for Steam and Power, 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Energy Performance Index (EPI) Method for Energy Benchmarking, 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Concluding Remarks, 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.10 Nomenclature, 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Key Indicators and Targets 447\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction, 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Key Indicators Represent Operation Opportunities, 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Define Key Indicators, 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Set Up Targets for Key Indicators, 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Economic Evaluation for Key Indicators, 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Application 1: Implementing Key Indicators into an “Energy Dashboard”, 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Application 2: Implementing Key Indicators to Controllers, 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 It is Worth the Effort, 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Distillation System Optimization 469\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction, 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Tower Optimization Basics, 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Energy Optimization for Distillation System, 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Overall Process Optimization, 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Concluding Remarks, 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 6 OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES AND TROUBLESHOOTING 491\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Common Operating Issues 493\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction, 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Catalyst Activation Problems, 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Feedstock Variations and Contaminants, 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Operation Upsets, 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Treating\/Cracking Catalyst Deactivation Imbalance, 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Flow Maldistribution, 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Temperature Excursion, 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.8 Reactor Pressure Drop, 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.9 Corrosion, 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.10 HPNA, 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.11 Conclusion, 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Troubleshooting Case Analysis 513\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction, 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Case Study I – Product Selectivity Changes, 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Case Study II – Feedstock Changes, 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Case Study III – Catalyst Deactivation Balance, 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Case Study IV – Catalyst Migration, 526\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Conclusion, 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eINDEX 537\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49528841339223,"sku":"9781118921357","price":124.4,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118921357.jpg?v=1731873232","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/hydroprocessing-for-clean-energy-9781118921357","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}