{"product_id":"herbs-spices-and-medicinal-plants-9781119036616","title":"Herbs Spices and Medicinal Plants","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe latest research on the health benefits and optimal processing technologies of herbs and spices\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the health benefits, analytical techniques used, and effects of processing upon the physicochemical properties of herbs and spices. Presented in three parts, it opens with a section on the technological and health benefits of herbs and spices. The second part reviews the effect of classical and novel processing techniques on the properties of herbs\/spices. The third section examines extraction techniques and analytical methodologies used for herbs and spices.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFilled with contributions from experts in academia and industry, \u003ci\u003eHerbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants: Processing, Health Benefits and Safety \u003c\/i\u003eoffers chapters covering thermal and non-thermal processing of herbs and spices, recent developments in high-quality drying of herbs and spices, conventional and novel techniques for extracting bioactive compounds from \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Thermal Processing of Herbs and Spices 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnjali H. Kurup, Shweta Deotale, Ashish Rawson, and Ankit Patras\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Thermal Processing of Spices 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Cooking and Roasting of Spices 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Blanching 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 High-Pressure Steam Treatment 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 Electromagnetic Energy (Microwave) Treatment 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Thermal Processing of Herbs 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Conclusion 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Non-Thermal Processing of Herbs and Spices 23\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCamila A. Perussello\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Ozone 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Irradiation 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Pulsed Electric Field 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Pulsed Light 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Fumigation with Ethylene Dioxide 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 High Pressure CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Coupled with Ultrasound 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Cold Plasma 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Conclusions 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Recent Developments in High-Quality Drying of Herbs and Spices 45\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei Jin, Min Zhang, Weifeng Shi, and Arun S. Mujumdar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Novel Combined Drying Methods 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Solar-Related Combined Drying Methods 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Microwave-Related Combined Drying Methods 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Other Energy Sources-Related Combined Drying Methods 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Other Innovative Drying Methods 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Conclusion and Suggestions for Future Research 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Conventional Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds from Herbs and Spices 69\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMd Abu Bakar Siddique, Katerina Tzima, Dilip K. Rai, and Nigel Brunton\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Principles of Extraction 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Solid–Liquid Extraction 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Liquid–Liquid Extraction 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Factors Affecting Extraction 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Solid–Liquid Extraction 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Liquid–Liquid Extraction 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Soxhlet Extraction 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Optimized Extraction Techniques for Herbs and Spices 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Conclusion 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Novel Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds from Herbs and Spices 95\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrea P. Sánchez-Camargo, Lidia Montero, Jose A. Mendiola, M. Herrero, and E. Ibáñez\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Description of the Technique 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Applications of PLE to Herbs and Spices 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Description of the Technique 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Applications of SFE to Herbs and Spices 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Description of the Technique 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Applications of UAE to Herbs and Spices 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Description of the Technique 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Applications of MAE to Herbs and Spices 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (EAE) 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Description of the Technique 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Applications of EAE to Herbs and Spices 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Integration of Different Extraction Techniques 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.1 Ultrasound–Microwave-Assisted Extraction (UMAE) 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.2 Enzyme-Based–Ultrasound–Microwave-Assisted Extraction (EUMAE) 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.3 Supercritical Fluid Extraction–Pressurized Fluid Extraction (SFE–PLE) 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.4 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Assisted by Ultrasound (SFE–UAE) 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Conclusions and Future Outlook 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Approaches to Analytical Techniques – Characterizing Phytochemicals in \u003ci\u003eVerbascum \u003c\/i\u003espp. 129\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnna-Maria Keaveney, Ambrose Furey, and Brigid Lucey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 The Challenge of Complexity 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Extraction Processes 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Separation and Detection 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Gas Chromatography (GC) 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Ion Exchange Chromatography, Size Exclusion Chromatography, Capillary Electrophoresis 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Hyphenated Techniques (LC–MS, GC–MS, LC–NMR) 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.6 TLC Bioautography 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.7 Spectroscopic Methods 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Chemical Characterization 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Iridoid Glycosides 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Flavonoids 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Phenylethanoid\/Phenylproponoid Glycosides 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.4 Saponins 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.5 Spermine Alkaloids 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.6 Polysaccharides 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.7 Other Constituents 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Discussion 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Conclusion 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunding and Acknowledgments 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Purification and Isolation Techniques for Enrichment of Bioactive Phytochemicals from Herbs and Spices 177\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRamón Aznar and Dilip K. Rai\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 How to Approach Purification and Isolation 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Purification Techniques 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Liquid–Liquid Fractionation 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Solid-Phase Extraction 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Preparative Liquid Chromatography 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Hydrolysis 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.5 Membrane Filtration 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.6 Recrystallization 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.7 Other Techniques 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Example of Purification and Isolation 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Challenges and Future Trends 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Medicinal Properties of Herbs and Spices: Past, Present, and Future 207\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCelia Rodríguez-Pérez and Ramón Aznar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Historical Uses of Herbs and Spices 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Herbs and Spices in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Anticancer Properties 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Anti-inflammatory Properties 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Antidiabetic Properties 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Antiobesity Properties 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.5 Hypolipidemic Properties 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.6 Influence on Digestive Stimulation 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.7 Antihypertensive Properties 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.8 Protection Against Alzheimer’s Disease 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.9 Hepatoprotective Properties 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Interaction and Potential Side Effects 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Future Trends 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Synergy in Whole Plant Medicine: \u003ci\u003eCrataegus \u003c\/i\u003espp.: An Example 251\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMary C. Tassell, Anne-Maria Keaveney, Rosari Kingston, Deirdre Gilroy, Mary Lehane, Brigid Lucey, and Ambrose Furey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Cardiovascular Diseases 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 \u003ci\u003eCrataegus \u003c\/i\u003espp. 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Synergy 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Dose–Effect Approaches 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Effect-Based Approaches 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Mechanisms of Action 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 Multitarget Effects 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.2 Pharmacokinetic or Physicochemical Effects (Enhanced Bioavailability, Improved Solubility, or Improved Resorption Rate) 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.3 Interactions with the Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms of Bacteria 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.4 Improved Effectiveness by, for Example, Elimination or Neutralization of\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdverse or Toxic Effects 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 \u003ci\u003eCrataegus \u003c\/i\u003espp. – a Review 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.1 Published Papers 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.2 Multitarget Effects 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 General Considerations 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1 Lack of a Precise Definition for Combination Effects 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.2 Heterogeneity of Studies 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.3 Preparations Used 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.4 Absorption and Bioavailability 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Conclusion 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunding and Acknowledgments 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Potential Applications of Polyphenols from Herbs and Spices in Dairy Products as Natural Antioxidants 283\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKaterina Tzima, Nigel P. Brunton, Alka Choudhary, and Dilip K. Rai\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Implications in the Use of Herbs and Spices as Natural Antioxidants in Milk and Dairy Products 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Effect of Phenolic Concentration on Milk and Dairy Products 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Effect of Phenolics on the Organoleptic Properties of Dairy Products 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Effect of Phenolics on the Protein Stability of Milk and Dairy Products 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Effect of Indigenous Antioxidant Compounds (Chlorophyll) on the Color of Milk and Dairy Products 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Milk and Dairy Products as Carriers of Natural Antioxidants 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Butter and Dairy Spreads as Carriers of Natural Antioxidants 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Cheese as a Carrier of Natural Antioxidants 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Ghee as a Carrier of Natural Antioxidants 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Sandesh as a Carrier of Natural Antioxidants 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.5 Yogurt as a Carrier of Natural Antioxidants 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.6 Ice Cream as a Carrier of Natural Antioxidants 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Biotic and Abiotic Safety Concerns for Herbs and Spices 301\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eManja Zec and Maria Glibetic\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Natural Products in Science – “Generally Recognized as Safe?” 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Herbs and Spices – Reported Adverse Effects and Adverse Drug Reactions 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 (A)Biotic Factors Incorporated in the Foodchain and Influencing the Safety of Herbal Consumption 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Herbal Product Safety Concerns – Advances in Identification and Regulatory Framework 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Adverse Human Health Effects and Regulation of Metal Contaminants in Terrestrial Plant-Derived Food and Phytopharmaceuticals 321\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCiara-Ruth Kenny, Brigid Lucey, and Ambrose Furey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Sources of Environmental Metal Impurities Contributing to Plant Material Contamination 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Soil and Surrounding Rhizosphere 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Air 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Water (Ground-, Surface- and Waste-water) 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Processing, Packaging, Storage, and Preparation 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Overview of Metal Uptake Systems in Plants 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Human Exposure to Metals in Plant-Derived Food and Associated Regulation 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Aluminum (Al) 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Arsenic (As) 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Cadmium 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Chromium (Cr) 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5 Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Metals in Phytopharmaceuticals and Associated Regulation 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Phytopharmaceuticals 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Current European Regulatory Guidelines: The Herbal Directive Scheme 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Current Quality Criteria for Metal Impurities 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4 Key Issues 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Metal Contaminants in Supplements: An Overview 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Conclusion 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeclaration of Interest 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunding and Acknowledgments 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 377\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406969872727,"sku":"9781119036616","price":146.66,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119036616.jpg?v=1730497736","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/herbs-spices-and-medicinal-plants-9781119036616","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}